Indianapolis Times, Volume 48, Number 56, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 May 1936 — Page 6

PAGE 6

Full Text of Herbert Hoover’s Address on New Deal

The complete text of former President Hoover’s address last night in Philadelphia follows: PART i In addressing an organization of women let me say at once that I have never believed the understanding of governmental problems differed in women and in men. But many years of observation have taught me that women have a Keener perception of morals in government. They have a greater conscience in national ideals. During the past year i have devoted myself to debate and the exposure of the New Deal for what it really Is. I have done so solely because the republic is in great peril. These men have set forces in motion which unless they be stopped will lessen the living and happiness in every cottage. They will shrink the chance in live of every bdy and girl. L have offered constructive American alternatives. The President recently in addressing the youth of our nation advised them "to dream dreams and see visions." I have advised them to wake up. The ladio has carried these speeches into tens of millions of homes. The newspapers have printed them in tens of millions of coplea Thousands and thousands have written, opening their hearts to me, in passionate cry that we quicken this attack. But the exposure of the New Deal is only one-half of the battle. The people are rightly demanding to know what we propose to do. The Republican convention will asemble In a few weeks. The Republican Party is the only available instrumentality through which an aroused people can act. The Democratic Party is imprisoned by the New Deal. We should dismiss all factional issues and invite those Democrats who feel as we do to join us in faith that we have but one purpose—that is to place the republic on the road to safety. The platform must be more than a party platform. It must be a platform for the American people. Upon the determinations of the convention will depend the fate of a generation. The bare. planks in the platform can be composed on a sheet of paper. They should be composed in the fighting words which the times demand. But behind these words must be the determination to restore American liberty and to revitalize American life. Nor can we define our proulcms in the vague and distorted phrases of conservatism, liberalism, or radicalism. Those expressions mean nothing unless you precisely denne them each hour. Or job is b’gger than dialectics. ' It would be far better that the party go down to defeat with the banner of principle flying than to win by pussyfooting. PART II The grim danger that confronts America *s the destruction of human freedom. We must fight again for a government founded upon ordered individual liberty and opportunity that was the American vision. It we lose we will continue down this New Deal road to some sort of personal government based upon collectivist theories. Under these ideas ours can become some sort of Fascist government. In that ca,?e big business manages the country for its financial profit at the cost of human liberty. Or we can become some sort of Socialist state. In that case everybody gains as much as his greed for political power will bring him at the total loss of his liberty. I do not know whether Socialism or Fascism is the greater evil. I do know they are not the American dream. They have become the world’s nightmare. The President may deny that he intends to travel into a collectivist desert. But his policies are driving the people there. And many of his advisers glory in the progress already made. In another 60 days the New Deal party will convene in this city, where American liberty was first proclaimed. After Christianity, that was the greatest light which has ever flashed over the human horizon. I trust those gentlemen will bare their heads before Independence Hall. Under the invisible presence of the men who founded a nation that liberty might live, they should apologize to the American people. Instead they will produce splendiferous alibis. But the spirits of Washington, Jefferson, Hamilton, Adams, and Franklin will judge their promises and their stewardship. These spirits may well wonder whence came these men, that they dare walk in such precincts. The Republicans have not only to shake off their forces, we have to remove all abuses of liberty whether they were bom before or since the New Deal. Let me say this: The whole of economic argument, the whole of statistical evidence, the whole social argument becomes barren unless it is tested in terms of human beings. This is a nation of men, women, and children, not a nation of railroads, machines, or land or economic abstractions. We must visualize it as a nation of homes. Indeed most problems of government are an enlargement of the problems of every household. To restore liberty and progress the Republican Party must furnish the country a program which covers: A restoration of morals in government. A revival of confidence and courage in the destiny of America. Real policies of economic and social regeneration in place of the New Deal extravaganzas. Realistic, drastic, and immediate reforms. PART 111 Immediate Reforms There are five horsemen of this nrrv Apocalypse. They are Profligacy, Propaganda, Patronage, Politics, and Power. Their other names are Pork-barrel, Poppy-cock, Privilege, Panaceas, and Poverty. Asa resiL't, after three years the number of unemployed is about as great as it was at election day in 1932. The agricultural problem is still unsolved. The business world has little confidence in the good intentions, or the sanity, or the integrity of our government. There are certain steps that should bq taken at once. I may summarize specific Tcfornis I have already mentioned in public addresses. This cataract of wasteful expendi-

ture should be stopped. The budget must be balanced. The increase in debt must be ended. The gold standard should be re-established. These futile purchases of foreign silver should cease. The laws authorizing the President to inflate the currency and to gamble In foreign exchange should be repealed. Tinkering with credit inflation must be ended. We must stamp out that train of gunpowder. It leads to an explosion of inflation which itself alone would destroy any democracy. Oenuine banking reforms must be achieved This horde of political locusts should be driven away. The- spoils system should be extirpated once and for all. The Civil Service should be restored. Return the administration of relief again to state and local nonpartisan committees of leading citizens. Give them such Federal subsidy as meets the need of the unemployed. Take the favoritsm of politics out of the bread of relief. By wise use of tariffs protect our farmers from this flood of imports. By wise use of subsidies find employment for our surplus acres in products we can use and can export. Restore foreign trade. Take the handcuffs off honest business. Stop the attempts to suppress free opinion. Obey the Constitution. Change It when necessary, but obey it. Give us a government of laws and not of men. PART IV Economic and Social Regeneration These are but the first moves to get these 12,000,000 people back into productive Jobs, to make secure the farmer’s livelihood and the ability of business to expand its pay rolls. Beyond this, the Republican Party must present policies of social and j economic regeneration. The test of the welfare of the nation is the way the average man and woman must live, the conditions under which they work, the way they raise their children, the way they conduct their government. The concern of every decent man and woman is to lift these standards. The impulses to social welfare must come from the human heart, but its realization can come only from the intellect. America was the first nation to question that the poor must be always with us. But unless these New Deal economic policies are reversed there will be only increased poverty. Economy of Plenty The party should pledge itself to reverse the whole New Deal planned scarcity into an economy of plenty. When that is done we have to put in motion those economic forces that will secure Wider diffusion of this plenty. The notion that we get richer and more prosperous by producing less is about as progressive as a slow-motion film run backwards. Distribution of Property The party should stand for a constantly wider diffusion of property. That is the greatest social and economic security that can come to free men. It makes free men. We want a nation of proprietors, not a state of collectivists. That is attained by creating national wealth and income, not by destroying it. The income and estate taxes create an orderly movement to diffuse swollen fortunes more effectively than all the quacks. The Government and Business The American system is a system of regulated business and compulsory competition. When government dictates to business or goes into business it has gone into the business of coercion and tyranny. It slows down production and employment and makes poverty. But the consciousness of inner rectitude which goes with this New Deal greed for power leads to visions of loveliness that can bewilder a people into the jumping-off place. If we are to preserve democracy we must make the government the umpire of business. If the New Dealers would go to a lew baseball games they would learn that the umpire can not play on the team and be an umpire. Bad business practices can be ruled off the field. But who is to umpire if the umpire is to pitch? If the present powers of the Federal government or the states are adequate to protect the people from exploitation or monopoly and to prevent waste of natural resources, the Republican Party should have no hesitation in proposing constitutional authority to Secure these powers. The party must assure the country of more i ational resistance against high-pressure groups who would secure special privilege to the prejudice of the country as a whole. They have a right to present their needs and views. But the modern pressure tactics will disintegrate this democracy unless there is courage to resist them. There are a multitude of other economic and social questions the sane solution of which means added security and added comfort to every home. The important thing is that the Republican Party must deal with them with forthright decision and with an open vision which befits a progressive nation. I have discussed many of these questions elsewhere. There are three which are u* especial interest to women to which I might refer again. Child Labor Every decent American agrees upon the abolition of child labor. Republican Presidents have progressively mobilized opinion against it. We did in 20 years decrease the number of children under 16 in industry—that is, outside of farming, from about 900,000 to less than 200,000 at the last census report in 1930. That was a decrease m proportion of about 70 per cent in 20 years. The President said that under the codes child labor went out in a flash. It was mostly a flash in the pan. The Republican Party must pledge that it will really be done. Old-Age Pensions Many state® under normally Republican government have given oldage pensions for years. We should approve of Federal subsidy to the states to strengthen and unify their efforts. The contributory pension pa-t of the social security acts will require radical revision. It covers only 50 per cent of the people. This revision must be done in justice to the farmers if for no other of many reasons. The farmers are omitted from its benefits, yet they will be called upon to pay. The reason is that the support of the scheme is a

charge upon wages and indust) y which will sooner or later be passed l on to the consumer. It will eventually add 5 to 10 per cent to the cost of living. The farmers will be paying as much as the worker and get nothing. The Republicans must find a sane plan of old-age pensions. Housing I have for years been promoting better housing. The last Republican administration established the Home Loan Bank system and the R. F. C. provisions for slum clearance. That was the first governmental effort to better the financing of home building. The whole New Deal housing set-up needs reorganization. V/e must get the government out of the home mortgage foreclosing and house-renting business and give a genuine impulse to better homes. PART V New Magic From the New Deal Since I last discussed these questions the New Deal has brought forth another new magic formula to reach the millennium. On April 25 President Roosevelt said: "Reduction of costs of manufacture does not mean more purchasing power and more goods consumed. It means just the opposite. The President elaborates its benefits and implies it is the base of his slogan for ’36. If this word “opposite” means anything, then this statement says that “increased costs of manufacturing means increased purchasing power and more goods consumed.” Most of the world has been under an illusion about this up to now. We had all thought that the way to enable the people'-" to buy more was to use every art of technology and government to reduce costs and therefore prices, provided we held up wages and incomes to farmers and others. We had relied on such experiences as the automobile. We got about two-thirds of the world’s automobiles because the production costs and, therefore, prices were brought down into reach of 20,000,000 families. At least we now know why the New Deal has imposed all their different devices of debts, taxes, restriction of production, juggling with currency, and a s:ore of other methods of artificialy forcing up costs and prices. The magic formula may also explain why we still have 12,000,000 unemployed. Certainly there is no joy for the consumer in this return again to planned scarcity. If I were writing a bill of rights for women I should include something about her rights as a consumer. The woman does most of the buying. She has to make things go around. She has to do most of the saving. She has to protect the future. These artificial increases in the cost of living all decrease the amount she can purchase and save. What of those women who must eke out the reduced buying power of these magic formulas? Dr. Kemmerer, speaking in New York City a month ago, said: “We have already set into operation powerful inflationary forces which when they have ultimately worked out their influence on commodity prices will probably result in giving us a cost of living approximately double what it is today.” Over 40,000,000 women are the beneficiaries of life insurance policies alone. Sixty-five per cent of all savings accounts are in the names of women. There are some 63,000,000 women and girls in the United States. We have been accused of a few forgotten men, but the New Deal has forgotten all the women. Lincoln said, “Don’t swap horses in the middle of the stream.” A school for Democratic ladies is repeating that advice. They should be sure it is a horse. My belief is that it is a white rabbit.

PART VI Moral Regeneration in Government The Republican Party must face tasks beyonu economic and social regeneration. There are tasks of moral regeneration. The Republican Party was born to meet a moral issue. A nation is great not by its riches or buildings or automobiles but through the character of its people. The fibers of that are work, thrift, piety, truth, honesty, honor and fidelity to trust. I emphasize this before a group of American women because it is at the knees of American womanhood that the men of America have generation by generation learned these standards. The firsv standard bearer of these virtues must be its government and public officials. But there is apparently t. New Deal in virtue. Every spread of bureaucratic control that nakes men more subjective or dependent on government weakens that independence and selfrespect. National stamina suffers by encouraging parasitic learners whether on doorposts or governments. There is self-respect and dignity that marks free men. Honor in public life begins with political parties. The people must depend upon political parties to carry out their will. When men are elected to high office on certain promises and those promises are cynically broken, how may we expect a citizen to feel the obligation of a promise and good faith? There are standards of intellectual honesty in government. Framed propaganda and perverted figures mislead the thinking of the people. Pressures upon the press lead down the same dark alleys. That is salesmanship, not statesmanship. There are standards of gentlemen in government. The seizure by the government of the communications of persons not charged with wrongdoing justifies the immoral conduct of every snooper. There are standards of financial honor in government. The New Deal devalued the dollar. Thus it repudiated: the covenants of the government to those who had entrusted it with their savings. Senator Carter Glass on April 27. 1933, rightly said: “To me it means dishonor; in my conception it is immoral.” If a private citizen had repudiated 41 per cent of his debt to the grocer by just telling him It was off, at least he would, be removed from his church. He also would be expelled from wall Street The government can not restore the dollar, but do such transactions build character .'n a people? The New Deal Administration ordered every citizen to bring in his gold coin and receive S2O an ou .ee for it under penalty of jail. At the very time citizens were brir tng in the small funds that many oi them held against a rainy day, our government was paying $35 an ounce

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

to foreigners to purchase gold. If a private person were to coerce his neighbor into selling him something for less than it was worth, he would be sent to jail. If financial honor does not rest in the government, can we expect it in the people? The Republican Party has never dishonored the government promise to pay. We must demand a return to financial honor in government. The Spoils System There is a gigantic question of morals in this spoils system. President Theodore Roosevelt said: "The man who debauches our public life, ... by the corrupt use of the offices as spoils ... is a greater foe to our well-being as a nation than is even the defaulting cashier of a bank, or the betrayer of a private trust.” Recently I had opportunity to observe comparative morals in the spoils systems by a contrast between Tammany Hall r.nd the New Deal. In a Tammany-c ominated ooiough in New York in early 1933 before the New Deal, there were about 11,000 persons on relief. Tammany had appointed about 270 additional officials under their particular spoils system to manage the relief at a cost of under $30,000 a month for the officials. This job was taken away from wicked Tammany influence and directly administered by the New Deal. At a recent date there were in the same borough 2000 Federal officials appointed under the New Deal spoils system at a cost of $300,000 a month for salaries to manage 16,000 persons on relief. Tammany may learn something new in the spoils system. It was only 10 per cent efficient. And the same thing is going on all over the country and you know it. Can the American people be bought with their own money? And does any one seriously believe that when practically all of the people on relief over the whole country register Democratic that they are Democrats? We know thousands do not intend to vote the Democratic ticket. Does the action taken by these people to protect themselves from their own government make for character building and morals? Does it improve national morals and character in our people when they see huge sums being rushed into politically important districts two jumps ahead of an election? Fidelity to Public Trust

There is no fidelity higher than that owed by public officials to the Constitution and the safeguards of liberty in our government. That extends far beyond the letter of the law. It must be supported in spirit. Anything less is betrayal of trust if this republic is to live. When the New Dealers’ Convention meets near Independence Hall they will no doubt summon with powerful oratory over a hundred broadcasting stations the shades of that heroic Continental Congress. I trust at that moment the American people will remember what the New Deal has done to the Congress of the United States in these recent years The independences of Congress, the Executive, and the Supreme Court are the pillars at the door of liberty. For three years we have not had an independent Congress. We have not even had a good debating society. We have had a rubber stamp applied by inspired gag rule. That is not fidelity to the spirit of the Constitution. For the first time in American history the word “must” has been directed to an independent arm of the government by the Executive. The NRA was enacted by the House of Representatives in six hours. The AAA was given eight hours. These measures would have gone far to transform the whole of America into a Fascist state if they had not been set aside by the Supreme Court. Yet they had been operated for months in violation of the whole foundation precepts of democracy. Small business people have been penalized, people lost their jobs, and a thousand discouragements loosed in violation of the Constitution. Great groups of people receiving some special privilege have been built up. When this privilege is denied by the courts then the New Deal has sought to incite these people against the court as a public enemy. The parliamentary principle of control of the purse has saved liberty a hundred times over these last 300 years. It has saved the people from injustice in taxes many thousand times. So little is the New Deal Congress interested that it made only casual inquiry into what would be done with a whole 4 billion 800 million dollars in one lump. There is also that gigantic secret fund of $2,000,000,000, which was slipped to the President to operate in foreign exchange or to support government bonds on the market. Why, for the first time in American history, is there secrecy in government expenditures? Manipulation to support market quotations is properly prohibited to Wall Street under the Securities Act. There is little point of taking sharp practices out of private life and putting them into government. Is that a training in morals? We have worried much in our history over the independence of the Supreme Court. We have more cause to worry over the independence of Congress. Congress has delegated its conscience. If we examine the fate of wrecked republics the world over and through all history, we will find first comes a weakening of the legislative arm. It is in the legislative halls that liberty has committed suicide. For 200 years; the Roman Senate lingered on as a social distinction and as a scene of noisy prattle after it had surrendered its real responsibilities to personal government. Sea lawyers may argue that these things do not constitute a violation of oath of office. Right-thinking people will hold that they are a breach of public trust PART vn I want to see not only the restoration of liberty, not only economic recovery, not only solution of economic and social problems, not only a regeneration of morals in government—l want to see recovery of sturdiness, of courage and of faitn in America. There is in every race some quality distilled from its racial life. Ours was the spirit of independence, of self-reliance of devotion to duty in men and women. I have here a quotation from some country paper, regret I have mislaid its source—but it breathes with honest Americanism. “.We (Americans) have been his-

torically a self-reliant, vigorous, assertive people. We refused to stand for tyrants or tyranny in whatever form. We have depended on ourselves. We created our own opportunities. ... We were not deterred by difficulties or defeated by disaster. We were resilient, courageous, fearless. We sought new worlds to conquer, obstacles to surmount, and success to attain. Asa people we were firm, courageous, unconquerable. And now what are we? We want things done for us. We flinch or cave in in the face of opposition. We lack forthrightness and nerve to oppose things that are wrong.” The New Deal has not done all that, but some of it. We have for four years listened to a continuous defamation of everything that has gone before. Honest achievement of men has been belittled and attributed to improper motives. Things imbedded in our patriotism are smeared with contempt. We are told we must surrender liberty for economic security. We are told that the frontiers of initiative and enterprise are closed. We are told that we are in ruins and we must begin anew. People speak less today of the greatness of America. Pride in her achievement is weakened. There is doubt of her destiny. We think of ourselves as poor and helpless. Yet with only 6 per cent of the pomilation in the world, we have more youth in schools of higher learning than all the other 94 per cent. We have more laboratories dragging new secrets from nature than all the others put together. We have more developed mechanical power than all of them. We can produce more food and clothes and iron and copper and lead and coal and oil than any other country in the world. We now have nearly two-thirds of all the automobiles, radios, and bathtubs in the world. We have a larger proportion of people who own their own homes and farms than has any other nation. In a generation we raised the purchasing power of wages by 30 per cent and we knocked two hours off each working day. This has been achieved under private enterprise and free men. They could do even more in another generation. Women have ever taken a larger view of life than men. It is now the life of America that is in question. Our trouble today is moral as well as economic. Is it not time we jerk ourselves out of this, and clean out the’high priests of these heresies? Should we not dety a few Brain Trusts and restore the national virtues of thrift and honor and hard work? Then the greatness of America will shine again.

LOCAL PASTOR ACCEPTS CALL The Rev. T. J. Simpson to Occupy Pulpit at Hammond Church. The Rev. T. J. Simpson, pastor of the Washington Street Presbyterian Church since 1923, is to go to Hammond June 1 to take charge of the First Presbyterian Church there, it was announced today. Mr. Simpson came to Indianapolis from the Westminster Presbyterian Church, Washington, Ind. Since he has been pastor of the Washingtonst church, its membership has been enlarged by 340 and the SundaySchool has grown from 100 to more than 350. Improvements valued at $12,000 have been made to the church. Miley-av and Washington-st, during Mr. Simpson’s pastorate. A pipe organ recently was installed. Sunday a pulpit committee is to be appointed to act on the vacancy. Mr. Simpson received a bachelor of arts degree from Miami University in 1912 and was graduated from Lane Theological Seminary, Cincinnati, in 1915. He served, three years in Eaton, 0., three years in Batavia, 0., and three years in Washington before coming to Indianapolis. Mrs. Simpson, also a Miami graduate, has been active in the work of the Washington-st Church. She is state secretary of young people’s missionary work. The Hammond Church has a membership of about 1000. EIGHT PRISONERS ASK PAROLES FROM BOARD Muncie Bank Robber Among Those Who Seek Leniency. Charles Palmer, Muncie, implicated in the S3OOO holdup of the Oaklandon State Bank, April 8, 1931, was among eight inmates of the State Prison who sought paroles today from the State Clemency Commission. Palmer is serving a 15-year sentence imposed in Marion Criminal Court May 13, 1931. Roy Followell, Sullivan County, serving a 10-year sentence for a holdup which netted him only 60 cents, was another who sought a parole. He was sentenced April 10, 1934.

CORRECTION In the Block Days section in todays’ issue of The Times Noritake China Dinner sets (12 service) were inadvertently advertised at $12.50. This was an error, the item should have read as follows: $39.95 Noritake sets, 93 pieces $26.59

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MAY 15, 1936