Indianapolis Times, Volume 48, Number 26, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 April 1936 — Page 19

It deems tome HEW# BWJ jyjIAMI, April 10.—Through the President’s proclivity for fishing, Miami for a little while became the capital of the nation. To be sure, Franklin I). Roosevelt was in a boat a good many miles off these shores, but all the White House correspondents were at the Biltmore. It was here that the daily messages came about the executive catch. One of the reasons why Mr. Roosevelt Is perpopular with the newspaper men is his passion for fishing. Os course, he is not the firs' ot our Presidents to fish. Every American President, must fish just as he must belong to a good solid

church, although not too solid; he a Mason and a married man. All these things suggest native virtue and a regard for our traditional institutions. Did you ever hear of Stalin going out for sailfish? Every time Franklin Roosevelt catches a mess of mackerel he gives the lie to the charge that he is Communistic. Rut the President's newspaper popularity rests upon the fact that he fishes in such pleasant placer,. It, is an agreeable change for a reporter used to Washington, Warm Springs and Poughkeepsie suddenly to find himself

on a white beach under a Florida sun. n n n Thru Still Talk Shop THE men who write about the daily doings of F. D. R. for a little while become idlers at the race track, the dog track and the pool. However, it is not easy to throw off the habits of an occupation. The reporters remain reporters, and no small part of their waking time is spent talking politics. The almost unanimous opinion of the White House corps is that Mr. Roosevelt will be re-elected. There is general agreement that he has gained strength In the last two or three months. Tiie general feeling is that the Getty" 1 urg of the campaign occurred when A1 Smith came to Washington to make his big speech. That was Pickett's charge. It failed. And the Republican drive receded from its high point. To be sure, A1 hurt Roosevelt this time in New England, but that was already a lost land or, at the very least, doubtful territory. It is well to remember that the prediction of White House correspondents must be taken with a certain amount of salt. The reporters around Roosevelt very much want him to win and, therefore, they think he will. He has been a good newspaper President. The honeymoon is over, and not all the news gatherers are naive enough to be taken in constantly by the Roosevelt charm and the Roosevelt smile. Indeed, they joke among themselves about, the manner in which Mr. Roosevelt can turn on the oil when he is so disposed. Still, knowing how the trick is done does not necessarily confer complete immunity. nun Miracle for the Masses AND it is well to remember that in the days to come Roosevelt is quite capable of performing a mass miracle of the same sort over the radio. Just now the strength of the Roosevelt campaign lies largely in the weakness of the Republican drive. Landon's name was produced somewhat too early. The excitement created by the slogan that he had balanced the budget has begun to die down. Nobody has thought up anything else to say about Landon. Os course, the correspondents are solidly against him. There is nothing personal in this, but naturally, every newspaper man shudders at the thought of having Topeka, Kas., as the summer capital. Topeka is a city which moves Poughkeepsie up to being a suburb of Paradise. (Copyright. 1936)

U. S. Has Done Its Bit Toward Peace BY RAYMOND CLAPPER WASHINGTON, April 10.—No one has to be religious to feel the moving spirit of Easter. It does not matter much whether the Easter story be history or legend springing out of the faint racial memory of pagan rites. For the story it tells, as did the ancient phoenix legend without such beauty, is of the eternal faith of the human race that out of our failures, out of our own self-made tragedies, we shall some time live in a better world. It symbolizes the spirit of hope which spurs man-

kind on through the darkest discouragement. On a Good Friday 19 years ago, the United States went into the World War, with the hope that its sacrifice would end all wars and brijig justice and a better life to people of all nations. That hope has not been realized. Years of disillusionment have followed, culminating in the present widespread belief that the world again sways on the brink of another general war. Yet this Easter season sees a

resurgence of fresh hope that this tragedy ran be avoided. Discussion as to how it may be avoided is going on. not only among the politicians in power in many capitals but among the people who will have to fight for them if they fail. u * # IpROM every European capital we nre told that war is not wanted. England, dependent upon world trade to sustain her small island, does not want it. Russia, engaged in building a vast industrial nation in one generation, does not want to be distracted to fight, a war. France, knowing as keenly as any people what war means, does not want it, and we are told that after the French elections a few weeks hence, French politicians will cease their saber rattling and try to contiibute toward collective peace. Hitler s spokesmen tell us that Germany, like England, must have peace and foreign trade to live; that war would be suicide, with France on one side and on the other side Russia, with three times the population. So it is being suggested with increasing emphasis that these nations gather and talk it out instead of fighting first and talking afterward. Washington hopes they will. <r <r FOR us the question is, what should be our part? The Scripps-Howard newspapers say we should go into the proposed European conference to help lay the foundations for peace. Many think we should go into the League of Nations. We have a responsibility. It is said, and we should not evade it when the outcome so much concerns us. But It can not be said that we haven't tried to bring peace in Europe. We turned the tide that won the war. We supplied an important proportion of the money, materials and men. Yet within a few months after the victory, a peace treaty was written that was so obviously full of the seeds of new w&rs that we refused to ratify it or join the League of Nations set up to enforce it. But our effcrt was not abandoned with that failure. We sought through the Washington Armament Conference to prevent another dangerous naval race. That effort has finally failed. We sponsored the Kellogg Anti-War Pact—and in its first test, in the Manchurian affair, we were not supported in Europe. n n IT can not be fairly said that the United States has nV done its part toward trying to improve world conditions, aimply because it refuses again to embroil Itself in European polities. How much has Europe done in 17 years to bring about real peace? Muat it always be our turn to save Europe?

CO-OPS—CONSUMERS IN BUSINESS

ThU I* th* Bfth of > of xix a rtirlex hr Wortram B. Fowler, noted magartne writer, telling of the amarine ad ranee of the eo-operatire movement in the I,'nited States In recent years. BY BERTRAM B. FOWLER (Copyright. 1938. bv NEA Service, Inc.) JpERIIAPS the biggest and most significant co-operative activity in the United States is the credit union movement. A few years ago this was just a system of co-operative credit which aimed to wipe out the activities of the loan shark and the high cost personal loan company. Today it is emerging as the financial heart of the co-operative movement. It has gone ahead on its loan shark drive. But today, with millions of dollars in these workers' banks, there is a distinct and coherent move toward taking over the installment buying business of co-operators and providing co-op societies with financial support. The credit union idea was imported to the United States by Edward A. Filene, Boston merchant. In it Mr. Filene saw a real system of democratic banking. The idea took hold. Workers in industrial plants set up their own banks. Capital was raised by sale of $5

Heywood Broun

shares to members, this capital to be used for shortterm loans to members. Started in 1921, the movement struggled along. The lobbies of the loan companies made the sledding hard at first, for, it was necessary to get legislation enacted before credit unions could be set up. u n n THEN came New Deal legislation. The credit union leaders went to Washington and were successful in getting a Federal Credit Union law, under which any group in any part of the United States could set up its own bank under Federal charter. Therefore, any group of 20 or more people in the United States, workers in an industrial plant, members of a rural community, a lodge, a church parish, or a fraternal organization can set up their own bank, make loans to their own members, and so banish the menace of the loan shark from their own group. Up till this time, the movement was headed by the Credit, Union National Extension Bureau. This bureau was supported by Mr. Filene, who paid the bills for organization work. Following enactment of Federal law, the credit union movement stepped out into independence. The Credit Union National Association was formed. Directors and officers were elected by the

April 10.—It ’ ’ is almost unprecedented for two Senators from the same state, especially from the same party, to lock horns so obstreperously in public as the two from West Virginia. However, when the real story of the Rush Holt-Matthew Neely row develops it is going to be even more side-splitting and sen- * sational. The fact is that the youngest member of the Senate was carefully hand-picked and handgroomed by Senator Neely and friends. They needed a good, rabble-rousing utility -hater; someone who could flay the big gas, power and coal companies of West Virginia. Young Holt, to them, seemed the ideal man. Then only 28 years old, they were sure they could control him later. At first, after Holt was elected, there was nothing Senator Neely would not do for his young friend. He almost got down on his knees to beg the Committee on Privileges and Elections to seat Holt despite his election before the constitutional age of 30. “Alva,” he told Senator Adams of Colorado, “you can have my vote on anything for Colorado you want, if you’ll only help me to seat that boy." u a h even helped to hush an alienation of affection suit which an irate husband threatened to bring against Holt, just at the crucial moment when his seating was before the Senate. Holt claims that his one-time friends are now trying to smear him with this. “The whole thing is a generated political attack.” says the youngest member of the Senate. “There's nothing wrong with my relations with this woman, and I’d swear to that on a Bible.” He explains that when he first met her, she was in the company of a lawyer whom she was consulting for a divorce. That.divorce subsequently was granted. He adds that on a recent Sunday in Charleston he saw the lady (in company with a witness! and she told him she had been offered money to reopen the case.

Clapper

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The Indianapolis Times

Credit Unions Help Their Members Pile Up Millions in Savings

Washington Merry-Go-Round - BY DREW PEARSON and ROBERT S. ALLEN

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various state leagues. Then came the real expansion of the movement. n n n IN the first 14 years of its existence, the credit union movement built up some 3000 unions with a total membership of around 750.000. In the last six months nearly 1000 new credit unions have been added and the membership has jumped to 825,000. Savings total more than . $50,000,000. Membership is now growing at the rate of 6000 a week. In 14 months the Credit Union National Association expects to double the work of the first 14 years. As the movement grows, more and more money flows into the coffers of the credit unions. And with more money it becomes necessary to open new fields of activity. One credit union in Massachusetts, started in 1921 on a capital of S2O, now is a loan business of more than a million and a half a year. But that business isn't big enough. The credit union today has $300,000 lying idle. To use this, the directors are planning a direct move into the installment buying business. With a membership approaching the million mark and growing by leaps and bounds, the national association sees a big chance to get into real financing. Already plans are laid for what

“If Neely drags up this case,” threatens Holt, “I'll spread out the record of his affairs back in 1911 and 1913.” And so on, far into the night. It’s one of those good old-fash-ioned feuds, no weapons barred, and no truce until one side or the other is wiped out. nun SMITH, former West Virginia editor, now member of the Guffey Coal Commission, compares Rush Holt in his

Tornadoes B,i/ Science, Seri ice WASHINGTON, April 10.— The South's second spring tornado in five days, ripping through four states Monday, was typical of its kind. C. L. Mitchell of the United States Weather Bureau informed Science Service. These fatal storms can be looked for when a certain pattern in the weather is set up, Mr. Mitchell said. The elements in that pattern are a big, circular low barometric pressure area moving in an easterly or northeasterly direction, plus high temperature, plus a lot of moisture. This sets up strong turbulence in the air, with boiling, overturning movements. The result may be nothing worse than, a series of violent thunderstorms, but all too often the vertical twisting gets started, and where this spin tightens up into a narrow point, perhaps a quarter or a half mile, a tornado like Monday’s is the result. The Arkansas - Mississippi-Aiabama-Georgia tornado followed this pattern almost mechanically. An enormous mass of warm, tropical air, soaked with moisture, moved up over the Southwest on Paim Sunday week-end, and started to migrate toward the Northeast. By Monday morning it was over Kentucky. Tornadoes are apt to result with highest intensity between 200 and 500 miles of such a center, and that is just what hapepned in the present instance.

FRIDAY, APRIL 10, 1936

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Edward A. Filene, Boston merchant (left), is father of the credit union plan in the United States. At right is Roy A. Bergengren. managing director of the Credit Union National Association.

these men predict will be one of the biggest life (insurance companies in the United States. n n n THEY base their predictions on the fact that they already have the prospective customers in their membership. They feel that with their huge reserves of cash, they can cut insurance costs to the bone and make the same success of this business that they have made of the small loan business. But, even as the credit union movement towers above the co-op field financially, there are other co-op insurance and finance plans under way and in operation. The Country Life Insurance was started in 1929 to bring low cost insurance to members of the Illinois Agricultural Association. In the first 50 months of its existence, it wrote $50,000,000 worth of policies. This since has been run up to $75,500,000 and is expected to reach $85,000,000 before the end of the year. The Ohio Farm Bureau Service Cos. turned toward automobile insurance in 1926. It began with a capital of SIO,OOO. In 1936 the Farm Bureau Mutual Automobile Insurance Cos., carried policies to ,the total of $4,000,000. It has moved up to take its place with the first 10 mutual companies writing automobile insurance in the United States. nun BACK of this growth of insurance is the understanding of the co-operators that insurance is the secondary banking organization. So the “co-ops” are building their own secondary system, on the theory that whoever finances a business controls it. So they intend to finance their own co-ops,

early political days to Eugene Field’s famous peach: “A little peach in a garden grew, Kissed by the sun, warmed by the dew.” “He looked to be Just what we wanted,” continued Smith, “so soft and nice, just waiting to be picked. “But,” Smith- adds with a wry face, “ we picked him too green.” tt tt tt IT is not often that an American amabassador has to appear in public only when accompanied by two armed cars, but Jefferson McCaffery, envoy to Cuba, has attained that distincttion. Cuban guards, waving submachine guns, precede and follow him everywhere. Reason is the many threats and attempts against Caffeny's life. Though one of the ablest members of the career corps, and although he has done a good job in Cuba, Caffery has suffered the unpopularity which every American ambassador experiences in that country. He will be transferred whenever the State Department can pry loose another ambassadorial opening. tt tt ttON a recent field trip. Paul A. Porter, lanky Triple A cotton expert, was called aside by a small-town banker whom he knew. “Paul,” he said, “I’m worried about all this government spending. I think the President has got to balance the budget. Why doesn't he do it?” Porter observed that a number of economy measures were under consideration, among them a plan to cut in half all benefit payments to cotton farmers. “Oh, Roosevelt can’t do that,” said the banker. “The farmers won’t let him.” ’ Well, there are other methods, such as calling in all government loans to banks, railroads and industry.” The banker’s hands shot up in alarm. “Why,” he exclaimed in horror, “that would ruin the country.” “Then you really don’t want the President to balance the budget after all, do you?” “All I’ve got to say,” insisted the banker, “is that this boondoggling stuff has got to stop.” (Copyright. 1936. by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

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Leaders of the Noble County (Ind.) Farm Bureau Credit Union, which bought the bank building before which they are assembled, after the institution had failed.

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In large cities and small communities, the Credit Union is spreading. with membership nearing a million. The photo above shows directors and committeemen of the Eagle-Picher Cos. Credit Union gathered before their building in richer, Okla.

and keep control in their own hands. The record of the credit union is little short of amazing. It came through the depression without a single failure. The people had proved that they could handle their own money better than could the bankers. This record has given them confidence, so they are building for the future. And that future, they declare, is one in which the people themselves will own, control and manage their own business. These people are open in their

FORESTALLS EXTRA TRICK

Today’s Contract Problem What should South's opening bid be? What is the maximum number of tricks North and South can make? A9B 6 2 ¥ A7 5 2 ♦A 6 4 *A2 4kQ JlO j. 4 i 75 * w N c ¥ S4 3 ¥K J 10 9 W t 4 10 7 2 ♦ Void S 4 J 10 9 S 4 Q 6 Dealer 4 4 Void ¥ Q 6 ♦KQJ 9 8 5 3 AK7 5 3 None vul. Opener— 4 K. Solution in next issue. 3

Solution to Previous Contract Problem BY WM. E. M’KENNEY Secretary American Bridge League IN duplicate bridge, you have to play for the extra trick. But do not try for it beyond the point of discretion. In other words, do not take a gamble on the extra trick if the odds are against you. George Hoefler of Cleveland in today's hand made the play that tricked declarer into making only his game contract, rather than adding an extra trick. The hand is cold for five odd. In the bidding. North’s double of two diamonds tells his partner that this is the response he would have made to the spade bid, had West not intervened. Os course, North and South are vulnerable, and South leasons that the penalty would not be sufficient to justify his giving up what looks like a sure game. Therefore, South, properly bid two hearts. North's bid of two no trump also shows club control. South’s bid of three spades is

declaration that there is money to be made in the co-operative insurance business, and they are moving to get that- money, even as they are moving to play a bigger part in the business of selling themselves “on time” the higherpriced commodities they need. NEXT—What’s ahead for the co-ops? Invading the fields of wholesaling and manufacturing. Educational and social aspects. The challenge to private business.

4J 9 3 ¥ 6 ♦A9 8 6 4 4 Q J 10 4 4K6 jq 14Q74 ¥Q?4 c ¥9S53 4KQIO 5 W t 2 2 5 ♦ J 7 3 4K 7 3 Dealer ju 9 a 4 A 10 8 5 2 ¥ A K J 10 0 Void 4AB 6 2 Duplicate—N. & S. vul. South West North East, 14 2 0 Double Pass 2 ¥ Pass 2N. T. Pass 3 4 Pass 4 4 Pass Opening lead —0 K.

asking his partner to select one of the ma jor suits. North then correctly bids four spades, as the bidding has marked his partner with five spades. West’s opening diamond lead of the king was won in dummy with the ace, and the ten of hearts was discarded. Hoping to find the spade honors split, declarer played the jack. When East failed to cover, the finesse was taken and West won with the king. West returned a spade, intending to keep dummy from trumping hearts. East went up with the queen and South won the trick with the ace. The ace of hearts was cashed and now the jack of hearts ruffed in dummy. Since declarer had no more entries in dummy, he played the queen of clubs and took the finesse. Here is where West made a nice defensive play. He did not win this trick, but played low. When declarer made the mistake of taking the second finesse, West took this trick with the king and returned a club, which East ruffed with the seven of spades, holding the contract to four odd. (Oopvrieht. 1936, by NEA Bervice, Inc.)

By J. Carver Pusey

Second Section

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Fair Enough MROOMIER r J''HERE are many reasons why the British crime rate is a matter of national pride with them and, by comparison, a matter of national reproach to the United States, but the stupidity of the British criminal and his half-heartedness in his work never receive proper credit.. To be sure, their courts are run by honest men, and their counsel for the defense are restricted to the evidence and are forbidden to employ bribery, blackmail, physical intimidation, hysteria, political influence or

other familiar blackjacks and jimmies which enlarge the professional kit of those American attorneys who dedicate themselves to the sacred rights of the criminal. Moreover, their country is small and the native population, though dense, is stationary. So the British police arc spared the problem of the restless millions who rattle around the United States in aimless wanderings, often changing identity as they go.

You Can't Win ALL these things help the police and Scotland Yard and hamper the criminal, but probably the most important aids to law enforcement are the high character of the judges and their pride, which is often pempous but rarely injurious to the interests of an innocent man. No Tammany leader ever calls up an English judge in the middle of the night to order a writ for a thieving public official, and silly objections and motions to acquit or declare a mistrial would win for the attorney who had the effrontery to offer them nothing better than a learned bawling out and might result in his disbarment. The British have learned to regard crime and punishment as cause and inevitable effect, and thn intelligent people understand the futility of trying to get away with anything. Asa result the field of crime is left almost exclusively to a pathetic minority of dumb, frightened, incompetent first offenders who do their little jobs badly in the first place, label themselves with guilt and generally cave in the minute they are accused. The English have a secret longing for dirty work, expressed in their gaudy exploitation of American crime, which fascinates them strangely, and in their passion for house-party murders revealed in mystery novels which come rolling off the press with almost, the rapidity of newspapers. But, although there has been a. terrible massacre of lady Asathas and Sir Beverly Backwaters within the board covers of their favorite books, in actual fact the deceased in a British murder case generally is an ignorant, commonplace victim of some brainless clod who has neither the ingenuity to plan a good crime nor the courage to put up a gumptious defense. n n n A Week-End Jaunt THE typical English murder is that in which a stupid man and woman butcher her husband or his wife, ship the legs to Brighton, the head and arms to Glasgow and other parts of the anatomy to Newcastle-on-Tyne, using assumed names for deep deception. They then take a trip to Bournemouth to spend the life insurance on fish and chips, leaving the canary at home to starve. A neighbor now calls the S. P. C. A. to succor this suffering fowl. and the S. P. C. A. calls the police, who have just discovered the grisly baggage, thanks to the keen intelligence of a station master whose nose knew. Simultaneously a shrewd seaside landlady informs the local police that the lodgers in No. 6 seem suspicious because they are squandering money on fish and chips. Now comes the local bobby with his notebj/ but without pistol or apprehension, to interv* he authors of this highly mysterious crime. V and up together in honest respect for the law a. claim, like children speaking a piece, "Yes, he did u We very much regret our rash act and are ready to pay the penalty.” So the British hang them both and Scotland Yard gets credit for another triumph, all to the great inferential disgrace of the American cops who have to fight it out with Dillingers and Harvey Baileys and Vincent Colls and crooked lawyers and low-grade Governors and sentimental juries and courts beneath contempt.

Gen. Johnson Says—

WASHINGTON, April 10.—Treasury “experts” are said to have “demolished” opposition to the undivided profits tax. The “demolition” consisted in saying that it is unfair to partnerships and individuals not to impose the tax on corporations, since partnerships and individuals must pay surtaxes on all earnings whether distributed or not; that, stockholders “evade” surtaxes by allowing earnings to accumulate in the corporations whose stock they hold: and that, revenue from other sources is so thin that this is the only way to bring home the bacon. If partnerships and individuals had really been much aggrieved, most of them could have incorporated. It is not “evading” taxes to comply with the law assessing taxes. The “demolition” does not answer the principal objection. Our basic problem is unemployment. Re-employment depends on industrial expansion, especially the expansion of new and unproved industries, which can only be built out of earnings. There are a lot more unanswered objections. n tt tt DUPLICATIONS, overlapping, regional and group inequalities, general inefficiency and insufficiency —the evil is so oppressive and so generally recognized that it offers a persuasive plank for the platform of either party: “An immediate convention of representatives of all taxing authorities to propose an equitable and effective system of taxation, both Federal and non-Federal, throughout the United States.” (Copyright, 1936. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Times Books

MORE early American history is the fare in Ethel Hueston’s new book “The Man of the Storm” <Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis; s2>. Mrs Hueston again has based her story on the famous Lewis & Clark Expedition and has interwoven a delicate romance between several characters in the book. “The Man of the Storm,.” blurbed as a romance of Colter who discovered the Yellowstone, seems to be rather the romance of Tempete <Man of the Storm), the mysterious, gray-eyed Indian who spoke in the studied tones of an Englishman. John Colter, who accompanied Lewis and Ciark on their terrible trek into the vast unknown later on his own discovers and brings back to civilization in St. Louis, the incredulous story of the Yellowstone. Most persons were inclined to believe the geyser merely the product of his imagination. The principal part of the story, however, is concerned with Tempete and the beautiful Dona Teresa. The unwinding of their romance, coupled with that of Colter and Sally Dale, the young American orphan who has been living in the household of Don Fernando Piemas, Dona Teresa's halfbrother. is delightfully told and quite a change from the bold and modern love story. Mrs. Hueston brings to the reader a vivid picture of the excitinsr life in the frontier days and easily combines enough romance with the historical setting to make this a thoroughly delightful book. (By Dorothy Ritz.)

Westbrook Pegler