Indianapolis Times, Volume 48, Number 18, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 April 1936 — Page 13

Italy Today by WM. PHILIP SIMMS (Heywood Broun I* on Vacation.) HOME, April I.—Mussolini, quo vadis? Whither goest thou? It all depends on Britain. “It may cost me my head!” II Duce said as he gave his legions the order to advance in Ethiopia, midway the All Red route from Cape to Cairo and afiank the life line of the British Empire, via Suez and the Red Sea. And cost him his head it may. It depends on whether he insists on converting Ethiopia into an Italian colony or will be content with frontier rectifications and at the maximum, a status for the African region somewhat akin to a mandate. The British will not consent to Ethiopia becoming outright an Italian colony. Rather then that, they

will crush Mussoiini and. the whole FAscist regime in Italy. They will accept most anything short of that, however, rather than precipitate a situation which would almost certainly turn the world upside down. Unquestionably powerful factions in Britain, not to mention Soviet Russia, would like to wipe out Fascism. But neither London nor Moscow has neglected to count the costs and estimate the risks involved in such an undertaking. Mussolini will fight to a fin-

Simms

Ish, if Fascism is thus assailed, the repine he heads. Hitler's Germany, disgruntled and while Britain could probably crush II Duce and Austria. Hungary and Bulgaria, and fanatical .Japan must all be reckoned with if there is trouble. Nor can powerful Poland be left out of the picture if there is a free-for-all. nun Here's How Things Stand THIS is the situation: 1. Everybody is looking for an out. 2. Mussolini is convinced he must fight England if he wants to make a colony of Ethiopia. Not being in a position to do that..-at the moment, he is looking for a face-saving exit—some solution which will not ’“cost him his head" or Fascism its existence. 3. Britain is not now prepared for war with Italy - onsidering her own comparative disarmament and the slate of things in Central Europe and the Far East. Hence she would like to postpone a showdown for two or three years while she rearms. Accordingly she would now accept some compromise between Italy and Ethiopia. 4 France doesn’t care what happens in East Africa. She has eyes only for Germany. She wishes to remain friends with Italy.- She must continue to collaborate with Britain. All she wants, therefore, is the earliest possible settlement of the whole AngloItalinn, Italo-Ethiopian imbroglio before it precipita. a general’European war in which she stands to g* n nothing, but lose everything. ft- The League of Nations—that is to say, Britain, France and the larger powers—merely wishes to save its face. The smaller members look to the League to save them if and when attacked by mor£ powerful neighbors. They naturally demand maximum action against aggressors. But their vote is not decisive. The real struggle, therefore, is between Italy and whether she will crush II Duce or, very subtly, come to his aid. a -tt ts Policy of Drift Likely AT the cost of turning central Europe over to Nazi Germany, and eastern Asia over to Japan, British Foreign Minister Anthony Eden might enter the lists with the Italian knight and likely unhorse him. But, if he does not wish to pay so high a price, the alternative is to let things drift until some compromise with Mussolini can be arranged on the order of the Hoare-Laval p’oposal... Capt. Eden himself'has set the-stage for such a compromise. A deft diplomatic turn could make the ill-fated Hoare-Laval plan look like the league peace scheme of last September. All the diplomats now need is a more or less decisive Italian victory in Ethiopia. And that mav be forthcoming. THE END.

Lobby Problem Is All Very Confusing BY RAYMOND CLAPPER WASHINGTON, April I.—Both the House and Senate have passed legislation seeking to control lobbying, but neither measure strikes at the chaotic conditions which exist in this, one of Washington's lusty industries. Cut-throat competition, sir, is rampant. Among the lobbyists, the old law of tooth and claw is still supreme. There are no standards of fair competition. Let one lobbyist give a luncheon. His rival throws a dinner. Tight lobbyists give out only in-

dividual cigars, Others hand them out by the box. No standard of quality prevails, some issuing ten-centers and others corona-coronas. When feeding Congressmen, some lobbbyists insist upon paying the dinner checks. Others make it dutch. One veteran lobbyist entertains Congressmen at his Maryland fishing shack, all expenses paid, while another takes in six congressional guests and makes them share the cost. Confusion and lack of standards within the trade Is only em-

phasized by the testimony of Walter S. Gifford, head of A. T. & TANARUS., before the Federal Communications Commission. It is plain to be seen that in spite of all of the experience which his company has had, he has found no fixed code of lobby etiquette. It is all right, he thinks, to give cigars and luncheons to legislators. What about liquor and dinners? He sees nothing "very wicked” about handing theater tickets to legislators—provided the lobbyist also attends the performance. Would it be “wicked” or "very wicked” If the lobbyist didn’t go along? nan THE late Jim Mann lost out as Speaker of the House because it was disclosed that one of his Chicago packer friends gave him a horse. On the other hand Huey Long used to ride around in the private railretad car of utility magnate Harvey Couch and make speeches from the rear platform denouncing "the interests.” A recent Assistant Secretary of Commerce, Ewing Mitchell, forbade his assistants to accept even small gifts from lobbyists. But about the same time White House Secretary Mclntyre • ".s enjoying his afternoon ctwktail in the hotel apartment of a utility lobbyist. Friend* of the Florida Ship Canal sent crates of celery to Senators and Representatives. Some ate it. Othen| spurned it. A beautiful young lady gave a cocktail party for eminent Senators who were indignant later to find that a utility lobbyist privately paid the bill. Worse yet. one Senator sat through a lobbyist’s dinner, mistaking the host for a Congressman who resembled him—the most appalling social error of the season. A business man Rot into trouble for allowing Army officers, with who he was doing business, to beat him at poker. Recently an Army officer was court-martialed for permitting a lobbyist to buy him a railroad ticket. But a crew of' Democratic officials were taken on an airplane junket to Texas at company expense. Is it proper for a lobbyist to give a fur coat to a Senator’s lecietarv? Or should it go to the Senator’s wife? , No one knows the answers to all of these questions. It is just like running a big trust—you don’t know where you stand until the Supreme Court says you're wrong and then it's too late.

A NEW CHAPTER IN EXPLORATION

April I.—Prepared to brave all the dangers that the stratosphere can offer, plus all those of the North or South Polar regions, a little advance party, led by Hugh Ruttledge, left England the other day to make another attempt to explore one of the last unknown spots on this earth—Mount Everest, the loftiest peak on our globe, soaring 29,140 feet. It is another chapter in the epic story of man’s endeavor to know every nook and cranny of his terrestrial home and to leave no corner of it unexplored. The top of Mount Everest is one of the few places left where the foot of man has never trod. To the explorers there can be no pecuniary purpose. At the most there would probably be a good book and a lecture tour in it, but that wouldn’t make them rich. The peak of Mount Everest can only attract him who has the thirst for adventure and scientific discovery. The problem is a stupendous one. Going up to this immense height of nearly six miles above sea level has

some of the same elements of difficulty as those faced by balloon expeditions seeking the stratosphere. The air becomes very thin. Its oxygen content is low. The effect on the heart is severe. And there is, of course, the intense cold. In its other aspect, to ascend Everest is like a polar expedition. There is not only the cold, but vast fields of snow, enormous glaciers, constant dangers of avalanches, winds which rage so that it is almost impossible to keep a shelter tent standing. a tt a THE Everest explorer has to climb and climb for the heights in conditions that are terribly exhausting. The stratosphere flier has it over him, because the balloon does the climbing for him. The polar explorer has it over him. because, while it is often necessary to walk across snow' fields and glaciers through blizzards and snowstorms, the air is not so rare. Furthermore in recent years it has been demonstrated that a considerable portion of the physical labor of polar expeditions can be obviated by the use of airplanes. ts IN 1933 the Houston Mount Everest Flight Expedition, led by Air Commodore Fellowes and the Marquis of Clydesdale, also

WASHINGTON, April I.—Dr. Hans Luther, rotund, se-rious-minded ambassador of Germany, was visiting R. Walton Moore, Assistant Secretary of State. Mr. Moore has a delicious sense of humor, which he conceals under a very grave mien. Referring to Hitler's remilitarization of the Rhineland, he said to Ambassador Luther, “That Chancellor of yours certainly is raising hell jn Europe.” “Mr. Secretary.” replied the German ambassador, not.catching the twinkle in Moore's eye, “I am afraid I can not listen to anything derogatory to my Chancellor.” “The hell you can’t,” shot back Moore. “You sit right there and listen to me.” “Mr. Secretary,” rer' Luther, in almost a plainuv voice, “Chancellor Hitler is a very man, one of the finest leader* Germany has ever had. If you must persist in discussing him in those terms, I must ask you to excuse me.” Note—Dr. Luther, himself once Chancellor of Germany, also Mipister of Finance, was heartily out of sympathy with the Nazi movement when Hitler seized control, narrowly escaped exile, instead was kicked upstairs as ambassador. n a tt THE new 1937 appropriation bills carry’ some interesting contrasts in expenditure: Amount spent by Navy per day, $1,510,433.82. Amount spent by State Department per day, $42,051.10. Amount spent by FERA for relief, per family, per day, 82 cents. M M tt Senator Royal s. Copeland wears a red carnation and has an ingratiating smile. But there is nothing soft about the New Yorker's legislative methods. Copeland is author of a ship subsidy bill. It is warmly approved by shipping interests and violently opposed by Senate liberals. both Democratic and Republicans. They claim it is a barefaced boodle raid on the public lill. \ For weeks, Copeland has been trying to get his bill reported favorably by the Commerce Committee, of which he is chairman. Finally, he staged a marvelous feat of conjury. There were 11 committee members present. Senator Joe Guffey of Pennsylvania, author of a rival measure opposed by the ship oper-

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World’s Loftiest Peak, Never Conquered by Man, Is Goal of Party

BY MILTON BRONNER NEA Service SUIT Corresnondent

Washington Merry-Go-Round BY DREW PEARSON and ROBERT S. ALLEN

BENNY

The Indianapolis Times

succeeded in flying over Everest. But that, is not the same thing as setting foot on its topmost peak and making scientific observations. In that way, grim old ChomoLungma, as the Tibetans call the mountain, still stands unconquered. Its Tibetan title means “Goddess Mother of the World.” In the past, four attempts have been made to scale it—in 1921, 1922. 1924 and 1933. The first was really a sort of reconnaisance party. In 1922 some of the members of the party reached 26,800 feet without oxygen and others achieved 27,200 with oxygen. IN 1924, 28,000 feet was attained without oxygen. A few days later two members of the party, supplied with oxygen, set out to go even higher, but they never came back. In 1933 F. S. Smythe. who is going also with the 1936 party, reached 28.100 feet—the highest ever attained. The present expedition Is backed by an English committee headed by Maj. Gen. Sir Percy Cox. As in the 1933 party, the leader will be Hugh Ruttledge. Nine of the party of 12 white men were with him in the 1933 trip. As Ruttledge is now' 51, he will not take part in the final dash for

ators, moved that this bill be substituted for Copeland’s. The count was 7 to 4 in favor of Guffey's motion. Whereupon Copeland announced he held the proxies of five absent members and voted them for himself, making the ballot 9 to 7 in his favor. But after the committee adjourned, members learned that at least one absentee. Senator Ernest W. Gibson of Vermont, had told Copeland he was opposed to his

Labor's Day Scripps-Howard X rtrspa prr Alliance WASHINGTON, April I. The La Follette subcommittee’s investigation of infractions of civil and labor rights will be started next week with submission of evidence by the National Labor Relations Board on denials of collective organization and bargaining, it was learned today. Senator La Follette (Prog., Wis.), sponsor of the investigation resolution and chairman of the subcommittee, has asked Chairman J. Warren Madden of the NLRB to submit what evidence he has available on the labor side. The subcommittee, which includes Senators Louis Murphy <D., la.) and Elbert D. Thomas <D.. Utah), authorized the request for the labor board's material as the first step. Violations of constitutional freedom of speech and assemblage will be taken up later. Labor unions also are preparing data for the committee on noteworthy violations of workers’ rights, particularly in connection with lawless actions by public officials and by corporations. Announcement by the Labor Board of its decision in the Friedman-Harry Marks Clothing Cos. case from Richmond disclosed the latest charge of labor espionage which may be directed to the Senate's attention. The board, in its- order to the company to reinstate 19 discharged union members and to cease from further discriminations, asserted that Morton Marks, president of the company, paid an employe $22.50 a week to attend union meetings and report to him the names of those who attended.

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1, 1936

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the top, but will leave that to younger men w'hom he will choose. As in polar expeditions, camps are established at various points on the way where food, fuel and tents are left. In 1933 Camp 6 was up at 27,400 feet. tt tt 'T'HIS time it will be somewhat -*■ lower and Camp 7 will be about 27,800 feet. From there it is estimated it will take 15 hours to achieve the peak—l34o feet higher. The plan is to allow nine hours for the terrible upward climb and six hours for the return. The start will be made at 6 a. m. and there will be daylight until 7 p. m. But for safety’s sake a lamp will be fixed at Camp 7 in case of darkness before the party returns. For connection with the outside world the party will have a wireless receiving and transmitting set, capable of sending short wave messages 10 miles. It is hoped to use this as high as Camp 5 which will be at an altitude of 25.700 feet, making it the highest land wireless station in the world.

bill; that several others whom Copeland had voted, actually intended signing Guffey’s minority report. n n THE new Army appropriations bill provides $72,155 for the “encouragement of breeding of riding horses suitable for the Army.” Simultaneously the amount allotted to the State Department for “promotion of foreign trade” was $70,000. it tt tt Uncle Dan Roper is engaged in a grim manhunt. He is out to scalp the official responsible for the leak to the press that gave out the report on how the end of the NRA had lengthened hours and “reduced wages. Submitted to the White House by the NRA committee, the report was turned over to Roper by the President's secretary, Marvin Mclntyre. Roper took one look at the document and, ever-soli-citious of the sensibilities of business interests, promptly locked it up. There it stayed for six weeks until, very mysteriously, a copy found its way into the hands of the press. No department in the government is as secretive and gagridden as Roper's. Hardly a month goes by that he does not suppress, or attempt to suppress, some report. This time he swore vengeance on the “leaker.” The files of the Commerce Department official who had charge of the report actually were broken into during his absence and the number of copies counted to see if any were missing. They were all there. An innocent member of the committee then was accused. To clear himself, he had to get a written statement from newspaper men stating that he had not given out the report. Several other officials have been put on the carpet and quizzed——without result. Roper is still on the trail, but it is growing cold. Publication of the above, however, doubtless will lead to anew man-hunt. Mit M THE baseball diamond has sent a lot of Senators to Washington: Russell of Georgia. Reynolds of North Carolina. Steiwer of Oregon. Minton of Indiana. B.own of' New Hampshire—all stars of the college diamond. (Copyright. 1936. by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

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Leaving London for Ihdia to renew man’s assault on Mount Everest (lower), world’s loftiest and never scaled pinnacle, are, left to right, Lieut. Gavin, Dr. and Mrs. Humphreys and Hugh Ruttledge, leader of the expedition.

HOLD-UP PREVENTS SLAM

Today’s Contract Problem North is playing the contract at threa no trump. East opens the heart even though South had bid that suit. Where should the trick be won, and how can declarer make his epntract? AA J 2 V J ♦AQJ 7 5 4 AK S 7 AQIO S 7 N UK 9 6 *S4 W EV Q 9 8 6 3 ♦KS6 c ♦ 3 * QJIO9 | Dealer |* A643 A5 4 3 V AK 10 7 2 ♦ 10 9 2 A 5 2 All vul. Opener—V 6 Solution in next issue. 25

Solution to Previous Contract Problem BY W. E. M’KENNEY Secretary American Bridge Learns WHEN you pick up a worthless hand and your opponents arrive at a small slam, and you find you are forced to open the very suit that they bid, isn’t it a grand feeling to make a nice defensive play that defeats the contract? Well, that is .the situation in today’s hand. Os course, if North held the ace of hearts he would be justified in going to seven no trump, after South’s strong bidding. Even though South had bid hearts, West elected to open his fourth best heart. East played the 10. Declarer should not carelessly ; win this trick with the jack, but should false-card with the queen,

A Q 10 S 4 y 7 4 2 ♦ KQ9 AQ J 7 * A 0 2 m A -19 5 3 A9 6 5 w r VlO 3 w t - 8432 ♦S 7 5 S A0 S 6.2 A 10 4 3 Dealer AA K 7 yKQ J 8 ♦ A J 10 AA K 5 Duplicate—N. & S. vul. South West North East 1 y Pass 1 A Pass 3N. T. Pass 4N. T. Pass 6N. T. Pass Pass Pass Opening lead —y 5. 25

as he must realize that, if the spade suit doesn’t break, he is not going to make his contract unless he can deceive West into making the wrong play. Declarer must first try the spade suit and, on the third round, when West shows out, discarding a small diamond, he should cash his three diamond tricks and the three club tricks, winning the last club trick in his own hand with the ace. This leaves declarer with the king-jack-eight of hearts, and West with the ace-nine-six. At this point declarer should lead the king of hearts, still concealing his jack. If West now makes the mistake of winning this trick with the ace, the contract is made, as he will be forced to lead a heart into declarer’s jack-eight. But if West makes the simple safety play of putting on a low heart, declarer’s jack-eight will lose to West’s acenine. (Copyright, 1938. by NBA Service. Inc.)

By J. Carver Pusey

Second Section

Ent*>r**d as serond-CU*d Mtter at Postoffico, Jndianapoliji. ind.

Fair Enough HMH April I.—The British law forbidding all publicity regarding the Irish Free State Hospitals Sweepstake has compelled the supervision of tickets which otherwise might be sold in England, Wales and Scotland. These tickets sell for approximately $2.50. An opportune ruling by James A. Farley rescinding the American Postal rule against the mailing of publications carrying mention of the sweepstake has been a

great help to the operators, for it has tended to offset the British verboten. Your correspondent happens to know that Mr. Farley had no such thought in mind, however. Shortly after the coronation of Mr. Roosevelt in 1933 your correspondent phoned Mr. Farley to explain that Walter B. (High Hat) Brown, who was Herbert Hoover's Postmaster General, had forbidden mention of the sweepstake in the American press and to ask if he intended to enforce the same regulation. Mr. Farley

said, No; this is anew administration and anew deal, and in this informal spur of the moment manner expunged the restriction from the Ijook. +u o T i K V U i! in , g Was made prior to the adoption of the British law against the publication of lottery news and although Mr. Farley’s action has been k great comfort to the United States, he could not have known at the time that he was opening a subno fk P 7v r t /?. r the tiCkets ’ The Uniteri States is not likely to take up ull the shrinkage in receipts e h? nti ? h p r° hibition - but the new freedom stimulated American sales, and th Sghf hsve KeS een "° SUCh d,saster as “ <*>"** tt tt B Swell Chance for Fraud nnHE worst handicap to the sales promotion in the T\ United States is the risk of fraud. The SweepUnitert l i a t raCke i in itS6lf When jt evades the United States under the auspices of the Free State government, contrary to the laws of a friendly country, and the American racketeers with splendid patriotism have preyed on this foreign racket by selling thousands of counterfeit tickets on every draw. Moreover, in any country so far away the venders of valid lottery tickets have a temptation to keep the money themselves. The tickets are sent free to the agents, but sales do not become valid until the cash is received in Dublin and the management has sent an official receipt to each purchaser. If an agent sells 100 tickets and forgets to send the money to Dublin he gains $250. and his clients are not represented in the drawing. The Ameri"an racketeer is comparatively safe in selling counterfeits or in holding out the receipts for genuine tickets, because the client himself can not come into court with clean hands. Nevertheless. American sales are rising as an offset to the decline of business in Great Britain. There have been 17 sweeps since the lottery began, in 1930, and the total gross receipts have risen to $233,457,000. From this sum a fund of $46,170,000 has been allotted to the 50 hospitals of the Irish Free State, btit a few years ago the government stepped in to collect a tax on the hospitals’ share of the money* and to assert a supervising authority over the hospitals’ fund. Up to that time about $20,003,000 had been distributed to the hospitals; but since, allotments have been held up pending an investigation of the requirements of the various applicant institutions. Not to Be Sneezed At IN the meanwhile about $25,000,000 has accumulated, notwithstanding the deduction of the government tax, which is said to have yielded $755,000 on last Friday’s sweep alone. The tax is said to have yielded the government approximately $5,000,000 in 1932 and 1933, when the gross receipts were just a little short of $100,000,000. This period included the greatest kitty of them all, the Derby Sweep of 1932, which drew $20,600,000. Four individuals who promoted and financed the lottery in the beginning are reported to have received an average of two and seven-tenths per cent of the total, which would be $6,303,000. although the charter permits them as much as 7 per cent, which would have been $16,342,000. Your correspondent declines responsibility for these last figures, however, as they are taken from old clippings in the morgue and are unaccompanied by any explanation of the promoters’ forbearance.

Gen. Johnson Says—

WASHINGTON, April 1. —This column has stated the following propositions: European war is possible. Our people don’t want to get into it. This is reflected in proposed embargoes against selling goods to warring nations. Neutrality is “taking no part” in war. Embargoes apply our economic forces against warring nations to prevent nr end their wars. That is not "taking no part.” In modern war—which is as much economic as military—it is taking a decisive part. That is not neutrality. It is intervention. It is the exact reverse of'the popular demand. It Is not selling goods but shipping goods that has pulled us into war, through belligerents’ interference, with our "rights” on the high seas. When we sell goods "cash on the barrel-head and come and get it,” our interest in them ends F. O. B. our posts. When we loan money or advance credit to a belligerent, we have bought a stake in his war. When we send American property to sea, the flag protects it against violations of "the rights of neutrals.” mum NEUTRALS now have only such sea-rights as they are willing and able to fight for. We can’t give up to belligerents all our “rights” on the ocean, but the more we sacrifice, the less danger that we will have to fight. Here alone is the place for legislative action to "keep us out of war.” Restriction on sales is pure bunk. No loans or credit to belligerents, and sales exclusively "cash and carry” would do most of the job”. (Copyright, 1938. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Times Books

THE juggler who keeps a frying pan. an Indian club and a basket of tomatoes spinning from hand to hand without dropping anything has a soft snap compared with the man who (so to speak) tries to keep two women in the air at the same time. Ramona Herdman puts the juggler of ladies under glass in an intelligent, well-written novel. “A Time for Love” (Harpers; *2), and leaves you feeling a mixture of contempt and pity for him. Her book tells about a middle-aged New York magazine editor who succeeds in spreading himself out so thin that he fairly evaporates. m m m HE has a wife and a daughter in a comfortable suburb. He has a widowed mother in a New York hotel. He has, in his own office, a mistress. He tries to keep all three in separate compartments of his life, dividing himself three ways among them; the result is that not one of the three gets a square break. "A Time for Love” is decidedly one of the spring’s better novels, (By Bruce Catton.)

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