Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 311, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 March 1936 — Page 1

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WAR FEARS GRIP ALL EUROPE AS GERMAN TROOPS ENTER RHINELAND

‘HANDS OFF’ TO BE POLICY OF U. $. IN CRISIS Government Plans to Keep Strictly Aloof, Say Official Quarters. WAR STOCKS GRABBED Wheat Also Moves Up; Secretary Hull Makes No Comment. By United Prrss WASHINGTON, March 7. -—The United States government, it was said today in official quarters, plans to remain strictly aloof from any European controversy resulting from Germany’s renunciation of the Locarno pact and reoccupation of the Rhineland. Secretary of State Cordell Hull said that his official reports on Hitler's declarations were not yet sufficiently complete to justify comment. Asked if Germany’s action violated any legal agreement with the United States, Hull said the treaties were so clear on that subject they did not require elucidation. Previously a State Department official had pointed out that part three of the Versailles Treaty, providing for a demilitariz’d zone along the Rhine, was not included in the German-American treaty of peace. Grab Up War Stocks By United Press NEW YORK. March 7.—Wall Street rushed to buy war stocks near the close today after early stock market unsettlement caused by the German military occupation of the Rhineland. Airplane shares soared in active trading with gains ranging to 8 points in the volatile Wright Aero which hit anew high at 94. Copper shares were whirled up, several making new highs. Steels rallied from their lows. Chemicals came back after an early setback. Other sections moved irregularly in relatively light turnover. Wall Street was confused over the string of events that followed German repudiation of the Locarno pact.

War Stocks in Demand By United Press CHICAGO, March 7. Wheat traders switched to the buying side today as Germany moved to rearm the Rhineland in violation of the Locarno pact and the Versailles Treaty and created anew crisis in the European political situation. At the close on the Chicago Board of Trade, wheat was lVi to IVi cents higher. May 99"i cents; corn was % cent higher, May 60 T * cents; and oats were up V* to cent. May 28% cents. New crop deliveries of wheat received additional suppojf from traders influenced by the continued dry weather in the Southwest and forecasts for higher temperatures without precipitation. Some local selling was in evidence but the refusal of Liverpool to follow the sagging tendency where yesterday lent encouragement to the trade, and the upward trend was stopped only after good gains were attained. CLOUDS FORESTALL AIR RAID ON ADDIS ABABA Frar Sends Natives. Foreigners to Seek Safety in Hills. By United Press ADDIS ABABA. March 7.—Heavy cloud banks and impending rain forestalled the possibility of an Italian air raid on the Ethiopian capital today. Despite this reassurance, the exodus of natives and foreigners continued. All night columns of refugees poured from the capital, hundreds going to nearby Mount Antoto. Many carried their household goods —others their most prized possessions. Great cases of official documents were sent toward mountain storehouses 25 miles to the southwest. JAPAN’S ARMY DIRECTS FORMATION OF CABINET V Hirota Alters Lh of Ministers to Suit Mi. tarists. By United Press TOKYO. March 7.—Army men assumed control over the formation of a new cabinet today, and Pre-miere-Designate Koki Hirota altered his list of ministers to suit them. Gen. Count Juichi Terauchi, who accepted the war minstry on condition that the cabinet was satisfactory to the army, acted as liaison officer between Hirota and the military mea.

The Indianapolis Times FORECAST: Partly cloudy tonight and tomorrow; rising temperature.

VOLUME 47—NUMBER 311

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2 GROUPS IN ORIENT, EUROPE SEEK POWER Statesmen Helpless in Face of Peril, Simms Says. Editor's Note—This is the second of four dispatches analyzing the war dancer and its causes. BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign Editor PARIS, March 7.—What frightens European and Asiatic statesmen most is th.tt they know perfectly well what the chief cause of their peril is, but are utterly unable to 4o anything about it. .They all admit that the conflict is between two groups of powers, the "haves” and the "have nots.” It is as fundamental as the will to survive. It is mostly economic but it has political complications. It arises from the determination of those nations which have little territory to acquire more territory, and from the equal determination ot the nations which have a lot to hold on to what they have. It has political ramifications because, like it or not, nations no less than individuals, will fight rather than give up that which they have come to call their own. That they may have more than they need cr can use has nothing whatever to do with it. Call it nationalism or what- , ' .(Turn to Page Three).

Hitler

A French Foilu Guards the Rhine

4 City Teams in Semi-Finals of Cage Meet BY PAUL BOXELL One thing is certain about the state high school basketball tournament—an Indianapolis team will represent Marion County in the regional eliminations at Anderson next Saturday. Four quintets who were to resume play *n the semi-finals of the county sectional tourney at Tech gym this afternoon wore the colors of Capital City schools. They were Broad Ripple, Shortridge, Tech and Manual. Ripfcle and Shortridge were to tangle at 2 this afternoon, Tech and Manual at 3. The winners are to clash for the championship tonight at 8. Each Has Won Twice The four squads were "in the swim” today after surviving a full day and two nights of sectional battle at the Tech goalry, during which each team registered two victories. Officials at the East Side fieldhouse were forced to turn away hundreds at the gate as three second round contests were played last night. Shortridge rallied to edge out Washington in a thriller, 21-19; iTurii to Page Three).

SATURDAY, MARCH 7,1936

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One of Hitler’s Anti-Aircraft Guns

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ATTEMPT TO WRECK WELFARE Bill MADE House Minority Opens Attack on Security Act. A minority attempt to scuttle the state administration's welfare bill was made today and the Townsend Old-Age Pension issue was injected into the special session before the House of Representatives adjourned until 1 p. m. Monday. The Assembly prospects for Monday are: In the House, final action on the $35,000 appropriation bill to defray costs of the special session; possibility that the welfare bill may be brought out for second reading with a floor fight on "home rule” and financing the merit system. In the Senate: Apparent certainty of passage of the public health bill, least controversial of the social security measures, and possible ad-; vancement to second reading of the employment insurance bill which the j upper house has been considering} as a committee of the whole. The j Senate is to convene Monday at 10 a. m. There were reports that Lake: County Democrats and others of j the House farm bloc may join with j the minority in an attempt to sad- I (Tura to Page <’ive)

German Tanks on Parade

New German U-boat.

League Dazed; Council May Be Summoned By United Presn GENEVA, March 7.—The League of Nations, stupefied by Adolf Hitler’s denunciation of the Rhineland clauses of the Versailles Treaty and his abrogation of the Locarno Pact, was expected to call its council into session next week to consider Germany’s act. France is expected to appeal to the council invoking Article 11 of the League Covenant as it did last March when Germany repudiated the military clauses of the Versailles Treaty. (Article 11 provides that “any war or threat of war ... is declared a matter of concern to the whole League and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations.”) The League is the guardian of both the Versailles and the Locarno Treaties. No less surprising to League officials was Hitler’s announced readiness to re-enter the League under certain conditions. Not one h'.d expected Germany to make a friendly gesture in this direction at this time. Although Germany had been expected to denounce the Versailles, (Turn to Page Three).

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HITLER DEFENDS ACTION; WORRIED ENVOYS HOLD CONFERENCE IN PARIS

25,000 Soldiers Already in Forbidden Zone, Is Report. LOCARNO IS DENOUNCED Treaty Has Ceased to Exist, Fuehrer Declares in Ringing Speech. By United Press BERLIN, March 7.—sAtiolf Hitler sent troops into the demilitarized Rhineland zone today and thereby tore to shreds the last repressive clauses of the Versailles Treaty. Twenty-five thousand troops so far have moved into the Rhineland, it was estimated unofficially. An official announcement said that 19 battalion of infantry and 13 battalions of artillery were moving into the zone today and tomorrow. Coincidently he announced that the Locarno Treaty which guarantees the frontiers of Germany, France and Belgium—and the Rhineland zone—had ceased to exist because of France’s new military alliance with Russia. But in this final defiance of the World War allies, Hitler offered all Germany’s neighbors a program he said would bring a real lasting peace and friendship to nations. Then he called an election for anew Reichstag to be held March 29, so that he might get a vote of approval from his countrymen. Hitler made his momentous declarations, which must mark the opening of anew chapter in Europe’s post-war history, in a memorandum to foreign envoys and a speech at a special Reichstag meet-

Text of Hitler’s speech on Page 5.

ing, called to hear him. It was a speech that matched any in *his silver-voiced career. Outlines His Memorandum His voice fell in appeal, rose in determination, flashed in anger at injustices he alleged had been piled upon Germany as he faced the Nazi uniformed Reichstag deputies. He reviewed hardships, spoke of its rights and its powers, and at the end read to the deputies the memorandum handed to foreign envoys, embracing his momentous pronouncements. These were: 1. Germany at noon today, when the Reichstag met, sent into the Rhineland zone a symbolic force of troops, a few battalions only, in , token of the decision that Locarno is dead and that Germany has the right to militarize it despite the specific ban of the Versailles Treaty. 2. Now that Germany is on full equal terms with all other great nations, rearmed and free, she is ready to re-enter the League of Nations from which she resigned Oct. 14, 1933, because she believed she was not being treated as an equal at the world disarmament conference. Ready to Make Treaty 3. Germany is ready to conclude a 25-year non-aggression pact with France and Belgium, whose frontier the Locarno Treaty protected. 4. Germany is ready to negotiate a non-aggression pact or pacts with all her neighbors, east and west, including Lithuania. 5. Germany is ready to establish with France and Belgium mutual demilitarized zones as deep as those countries wish. 6. Germany urges the negotiations of the long-projected western European aid defense treaty, by which the principal powers would pool their | air forces to blast the territory of any aggressor with bombs. Before Hitler had finished speaking, hardly before his battalions i. and grounded arms in the Rhineland, news of his defiance and his offer had reached every chancellery in Europe. French cabinet leaders called in members of the general staff to con- j sider the situation and taalked of (Turn, to JPage Three).

Europe’s Crisis By United Press BERLIN—AdoIf Hitler announced remilitarization of Rhineland zone, completing defiance of repressive clauses of Versailles Treaty and offers all Europe a broad peace plan based on equality. COLOGNE—German antiaircraft artillerymen march into Cologne, key city of German Rhineland, as symbols of Hitler’s defy. PARlS—Cabinet ministers consult general staff chiefs; some army leaves canceled; government may ask urgent meeting of League Council. LONDON Anthony Eden confers with French and Italian and Belgian charge d’affaires as signatories to Locarno Treaty, guaranteeing German-French-Bel-gian frontiers; Britain may announce readiness to negotiate on basis qf Hitler’s offer. ROME—Mussolini accepts in principle League’s plea for peace negotiations with Ethiopia, thus remaining within framework of negotiations on European peace.

BAYONETS AGAIN ENTER COLOGNE Battalion After Battalion on March; Enter 3 Cities in Demilitarized Area. By United Press COLOGNE, Germany. March 7. German troops crossed the river Rhine today for the first time in nearly 17 years to occupy key cities as “symbols” of Germany's complete emancipation from the military clauses of the Versailles treaty. They appeared, battalion after battalion, in cities where no German soldier under arms had been permitted since the Versailles Treaty was signed in 1919. Along country roads, on railways, they approached the 30-mile forbidden strip on the German side of the Rhine. They crossed the line and some of them went on to cross the Rhine itself. Promptly at noon, as Adolf Hitler ascended the rostrum of the Reichstag in Berlin, a battalion of anti-aircraft artilllery crossed the Rhine bridge into ancient Coblenz, to be followed by a convoy of army motor trucks. And while Hitler’s voice announced through loud speakers that Germany at last had attained complete military freedom, a battalion of young infantrymen marched into Coblenz. A battalion of infantry arrived at Mainz early in the afternoon and marched to the old garrison. , One battalion entered Trier. Anj other crossed the Rhine by rail- | road to Saarbrucken, returned to ! Germany last year. It was arranged for a battalion to enter Frankfurt tomorrorw morning. It was not long before the Nazi swastika was whipping in the air in every town and hamlet of the Rhineland. LONDON ELECTRIFIED BY HITLER'S ACTION One Group May Drive for Quick Compromise. By United Press LONDON,. March 7.—European statesmen, electrified by Adolf Hitler's history-making declarations, called urgent meetings to consider their course. While France canceled some week-end army leaves and considered calling an urgent meeting of the League Council, there were intimations that the British government, confronted with a crisis that forced the facing of realities, might be ready to negotiate a peace plan on the basis of Hitler’s declarations. It was announced that Anthony Eden, foreign secretary, received Leopold von Hoesch, German ambassador, at the foreign offfice yesterday and revived the offer of a: western European air pact for mu-! tual defense. Hoesch at once sent] the offer to Berlin. *

FINAL HOME PRICE THREE CENTS

Paris Cancels Troop Leaves as Leaders Study Nazi Action. CURT STATEMENT GIVEN Continental Powers Join With Little Entente in Sessions. BULLETIN By United Press PARIS, March 7—The first German troops reached the French frontier late today when 200 infantrymen occupied the Kiehl bridgehead across the Rhine from Strasbourg. By United Press PARIS, March 7.—Representatives of Europe’s major powers gathered at the French foreign office today | for an urgent conference on ; Germany’s reoccupation of the ■ Rhineland. I Envoys of Great Britain, Italy, Russia, Poland and representatives for the Little Entente of Czechoslovakia, Rumania and Yugoslavia all met at the Quai D’Orsay in hasty deliberations on the problems raised by Adolf Hitler’s momentous action. In the evening a second important conference of French cabinet ministers and high army officers was held. It was attended by Foreign Minister Etienne Flandin, Gen. Louis Maurin, minister of war; Premier Albert Sarraut, Georges Mandel, minister of communications; Gen. Maurice Gamelin, chief of staff; Francois Pietri, minister of navy, and Gen. Leon Colson, assistant chief of staff. A cabinet meeting with President Albert Lebrun was called for tomorrow morning. Some army leaves were cancelled for the week-end. General staff leaders were called into consultation with cabinet chiefs. The government considered calling an urgent meeting of the League Council. Pierre Etienne Flandin, foreign minister, called Sir George Clerk and Vittorio Cerruti, the British and Italian ambassadors, into conference at the foreign office as fellow signatories of the Locarno Treaty that guarantees the German-French-Belgian frontiers. Flandin Asks Reply Flandin urged that Britain give a speedy reply to France’s recent question as to what it would do if Germany sent troops into the Rhineland. A foreign office spokesman said in curt sentences: “Germany signed the Locarno Treaty of its own free will in exchange for the premature evacuation of the Rhineland. Therefore France intends to do its utmost to force her to respect her signature. “We will take the matter before the League and if necessary invite The Hague Court to hear Germany’s pseudo - complaints about the French-Russian treaty. “In any case France will not sacrifice its security, but will fight to the limit alongside Great Britain within the framework of the League to force respect. Report Made to Eden “Hitler repeatedly after the Saar plebiscite said that no point of difference remained with France. Therefore Franca does not understand this tearing up of the treaty.” The foreign office conference was held in an attempt to fix the attitude of the powers collectively toward the German stand. The counsellor of the Polish embassy joined the meeting in the absence of his chief. After a two-hour discussion, Clerk returned to the British embassy to report by telephone to Capt. Anthony Eden, British foreign minister.

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