Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 294, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 February 1936 — Page 10

PAGE 10

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MONDAY FEBRUARY 17. 1936. SLOPPY LAWMAKING 'T'HE government’s lawyers are prepared to “fight to the end” a ruling by Federal Judge Welsh applying the veterans' preference act to WPA. But there is no assurance that the case will be reversed in the higher courts. This seems to be another chapter of an already too long story of sloppy lawmaking. The ruling is one of the most crushing blows so far dealt the Administration's work-relief. If it sticks, every veteran applying for WPA work must be given a job. If a needy non-veteran holds the only available job he must be fired in favor of any veteran who may apply, regardless of whether the veteran classifies as needy or not. Thus, on the heels of a bonus act that taps the Treasury for two billion dollars, the government is instructed to shove the civilian needy out of line to make way for a special group. If the law says this —and we fear it does because of the manner in which it was drawn—we must ngr*e with Dickens’ Mr. Bumble that “The law is a ess.” Neither Congress nor the President intended that the veterans should have preference in emergency lobs. That is shown by the fact that a year ago the Senate rejected an amendment offered by Senator Metcalf of Rhode Island to give veterans, their wives and widows preference in the work-relief program; and by the further fact that in vetoing the bonus in 1935 the President emphasized that workrelief was for all the needy. “Is it not better,” he asked, “to treat every ablebodied American alike and to carry out the great relief program adopted by this Congress in a spirit of equality to all?” But if the “law is a ass,” who decorated it with long ears? The Work-Relief Act should have been made decision-proof. In that portion of it which relates to highway projects, veterans are not given preference, the judge found. Why was the rest of the act left open to such an interpretation? This question raises several broader ones that are all too evident: Why does the Roosevelt Administration, with all the brains at its call, let itself in for legal jams like this and so many others? Why does Congress pass sloppy laws? We feel a bit. like the taximan who asked A1 Smith, “Governor, ain’t there any lawyers in Congress any more?” And may we not need a legal New Deal inside the Administration —an alert, aggressive and sure-footed Attorney General with a staff expertly fighting for the millions of the government’s voiceless clients—to whom these major policy measures could be submitted before they are signed? THE NINE A 1 UKO said they weren't “Nine Honest Men”? ’ * No one. David Lawrence has published an irritating and one-sided book under the title quoted, to rebut the horrid charge that the Supreme Court is “Nine Old Men.” Os course no one except cute columnists have so titled the court, even if its members average over 70. Every one knows the present court has a great deal of force, and any discrepitude is purely physical. Lawrence seeks to make a case for the thesis that this government, prior to 1933, was the best of all possible governments; that the New Deal law's were enacted by a group of persons, in Congress and the White House, who were either careless, forgetting their oaths of office, or criminal—neglecting their pledge to support the Constitution. This is built on the further thesis that every one knows what the Constitution provides, and that it does not provide for the NRA, o/ the AAA. or the Wagner Act, or the Guffey Act, and many others. He argues that the court’s function is to act as referee, to interpret a written Constitution. It is well known to nearly every one now that the Supreme Court spends nearly all its time interpreting its own previous interpretations, extending gradually Its definitions of vague phrases such as “due process” and ’equal protection” to points where they encompass a great judicial power surpassing anything ever heard ol by the Founding Fathers of 1787. He speaks of upholding the reserved rights of the states, but he forgets what the Supreme ? n.-t, with an assumed authority, has done to the ei. :t.* of the states to regulate utility rates. There arc just as many Supreme Court citations supporting a liberal interpretation, and the logic is Just as good. A decision by a court exercising a statesman's veto and looking beyond the immediate legal facts of a case at issue, inevitably turns upon the backgrounds and beliefs of the judges. And at least, six of the present nine are opposed to the fundamentals of the New Deal. It's a game of choose your precedents, and line up. THE MULTIPLYING FACTOR If we are to get anywhere in the present crusade against automobile carnage we must face the facts about speed. Apologists for speed have said: “It isn't speed that causes accidents; it is other things ” But speed is the multiplying factor that increases every other traffic hazard. If you, or the other driver, pass on a curve, a hill, or at an intersection, the danger of tnat act increases in proportion to the speed of the cars involved. If someone fails to signal, you are the more likely to hit him the faster you are driving. So it is with every other danger, human or mechanical, whether it be drunkenness or sleepiness of the driver, defective tires or brakes, rough or slippery roadway—the danger is multiplied by the speed of the car. The quickest way to reduce the. number of deaths on the highway is to reduce the multiplying factorspeed. HE WAS THERE TJEOPLE who lose their jobs, or whose businesses * go bankrupt or whose prosperity drops off a little always blame the national Administration, whether it is at fault or not. It is a natural reaction, Understandable in a democracy. And as a result, Administrations which bring better times generally are praised and re-elected, and those which bring worse times are damned and defeated. But these are strange times. A great many people #ho hava done very weil indeed under the Ne*Deal

are so bitterly opposed to It that they are backing their protests with their own money. Examples are the following contributors to the American Liberty League: Phillips Petroleum Cos., whose common stock on March 3. 1933, the day before President Roosevelt’s inauguration, was quoted at 5V and Saturday was quoted at 44%. E. T. Weir, whose National Steel Cos. stock was quoted then at 16 and Saturday at 72**. Alfred P. Sloan. John J. Raskob and others, whose General Motors stock advanced from 10% to 59%. Various members of the Du ‘Pont family, whose E I. du Pont de Nemours & Cos. stock advanced from 33% to 148. Os course, Mr. Roosevelt may not have had anything to do with all this, but at least, like Lincoln when the emancipation proclamation was signed., he was there. CHANGES FOR DOCTORS 1VT ORE evangelism in medicine, and more concern for the citizen unserved or poorly served” as to health, is the aim of Thomas Parran Jr., new surgeon general and head of the United States Public Health Service. Mr. Parran takes over the job vacated by the retirement of Hugh S. Cumming, surgeon general for many years, at a time when the new Social Security Act greatly increases the scope of the health service. He has been New York State Health Commissioner for several years. He is 43. Mr. Parran's belief in expansion of public health service, especially in the field of prevention of disease, was outlined in a speech in 1934. He warned then that great changes lay ahead for doctors, and expressed a hope that the changes would be made by evolution rather than by revolution. A “leftward” movement to set up sickness insurance he hailed as a favorable indication for physicians, and he added that a rightward movement in government would result in increased governmental health activities, organized clinics and salaried physicians. He said: “As wc move to the left by abandoning traditional forms, private medical practice regains its traditional inclusive responsibility for both prevention and treatment, with a corresponding reduction in the scope of health-department functions.” He alsd" complained that not enough of present health and medical expenditures is made for prevention, only $1 out of every S3O spent privately and publicly for medicine going for preservation of health. The 5,000.000 families which have been receiving reliel. including medical care, are going to demand good medical service when they go off the relief rolis and back to work. As Mr. Parran reminds m, “Tht history of benefits to veterans gives us food for serious thought on this subject.” THE CONSUMER PAYS A T least one gas company in the country is dex liberately destroying heat elements in nacrnl gas before selling it to customers, according to the Federal Trade Commission. These findings may be sent to Congress in a special report. The commission has already recommended legislation bringing the natural gas industry under Federal regulation, and a gas regulatory bill is pending before the House Interstate Commerce Committee. According to testimony and exhibits the company takes natural gas from West Texas having high B. T. U. or heating content and burns it in a way which reduces the heat value and increases the amount of inert material in the gas. In the process, so much nitrogen from the air is added to the gas that its volume, at the end of the process, is about seven times what it was in the beginning. The inert gases as well as the gases with heating value pass through customers’ meters. The result of the dilution is to increase customers’ bills, it is claimed. A WOMAN’S VIEWPOINT By Mrs. Walter Ferguson “'|\A'Y husband and I belong to the white collar class,” says a recent letter. “We have three children, our quota under present economic conditions. We’ve had a hard struggle, and are anxious now to find out more about the political setup in this country. I'm wondering how a woman at home can get at some facts. Don’t you think the middle class is in danger, and unless we defend ourselves will be lost?” I most certainly do. Such a letter as hers, however. is an encouraging symptom. The housewife is not likely to awaken to her peril unless she makes up her mind to do a very difficult thing—estimate the family’s actual tax bills for one year. Not just the usual open taxes, such as personal, property, income or inheritance, but all the hidden taxes which snitch from her pocketbook a score of times a day. These invisible taxes, so the experts say, are 40 per cent higher than the visible ones, and because they are invisible they are doubly dangerous. It would pay us all to make up a detailed estimate of these pestiferous items. For we buy nothing these days which isn’t taxed. A mill here, a penny there, and soon a dollar is gone. We should not be too frightened about that, either. We could stand drastic taxation if we got what we pay for—good government. When the housewife begins to ask herself whether her money buys that, it will be time for the demagogues to take to the brush. Let's leave the big job, the Federal government, to the men—and a sorry mess it looks as if they might make of it—while we study what goes on in the home state. I don’t care where you live, whenever you begin that kind of investigation you’ll find that the money you save by the most rigid economy is literally thrown away by those who can afford to be exv avagani; because they spend other people's money. When women buy from merchants they demand honest service, first-rate goods and a fair return for their cash. Is it unreasonable to ask the same thing from our politicians? FROM THE RECORD OENATOR NORRIS <R.. Neb.)—lt is a conceded proposition of law, I think, that an act passed by Congress should not be declared unconstitutional unless it is unconstitutional beyond a reasonable doubt. The fact that such laws are held unconstitutional by our learned tribunal by a 5-to-4 decision of itself raises a reasonable doubt. Hence, such actions should not occur. a tt n EP. RICH (R.. Pa.): When a member on the ffoor of this House accuses another of being the leader of the Republican Party, has he not a right to defend himself? (Laughter). I will say we have leaders in the Republican Party and privates in the rear ranks. The Chairman: The chair is of the opinion that that charge is serious enough that he would have the right to defend himself, but that he should do it in his own time. (Laughter), •“ i

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Squaring The Circle *With THE HOOSIER EDITOR

T SERE was a time when White River was practically a citizen .of Indianapolis. That was when the city tried everything but bribery to get it to be a steamboat stream. Once it was bribed with spring rain. Even as early as 1821 people were bringing boatloads of “flour, bacon, whisky and other necessities of life” up from Frankfort, Ky., to Indianapolis and the idea that the stream would bear commercial traffic was widespread. Gov. Noble, in 1828. always excitable about such things, scraped together S2OO out of the state treasury, and offered it all, no questions asked, to the steamboat captain who would bring a cargo up. He offered also to sell the cargo free. Capt. Saunders decided to take a fling at it with his Traveler. A steamer Victory also tried it. but both were forced back. Thereafter the people of Indianapolis didn’t think much of either. They got only within 50 miles of the city. That was in 1830. a a a ATER on a Governor and several others who held contracts for building the National Road determined to build a. boat that would carry a cargo of rock for the road and tow another. They launched her. a medium-sized craft, and, after much trouble, she arrived on April 11, 1831. The population was beside itself with hurrahs. It appointed a committee of prominent people to “make arrangements in some appropriate manner to show the hign gratification which is and should be felt by all who feel interested in our commercial and agricultural prosperity.” The committee met and felt that the best thing it could do was to draw up a resolution, which read: % “The arrival of the steamboat Gen. Hannah from Cincinnati at this place should be viewed by the citizens of the White River country and of our state at large as a proud triumph, and a fair a and unanswerable demonstration of the fact that our beautiful river is susceptible of safe navigation for steam vessels of a much larger class than was anticipated by the most sanguine.” g a a npHE committee also invited the A- captain and officers to dinner, hut they declined, saying they had to get away early next morning. Something happened, though, and they didn’t go. Instead they took two boat loads of Indianapolis landlubbers for a ride. On the second trip an overhanging tree sneaked up when the pilot wasn’t looking and swept off the boat’s smokestack and pilot house, frightening the passengers so much that nearly all of them jumped in the river, and “hitch-swam” to shore as best they could. After the boat was repaired It set sail downstream, but ran aground at Hog Island and stayed there for six -weeks. When it did get loose it went on down and never was seen again in these parts. That ended steam river traffic until 1885, when the Indianapolis and White River Steamboat Cos. was formed and built and launched the Gov. Morton. She was a sidewheeler, 100 feet long. 21 feet abeam, and was registered for 150.87 tons. The inspector would let her carry 200 passengers, a historian says, but many j more sneaked on when he wasn’t doing a grade-A job of inspecting. nan ON Aug. 25 she ran past the mouth of Fall Creek on a trial trip, and once more the landlocked citizens were hilarious. They rode her and had picnics on her until she and her captain, Henry M. Socwell, got sort of smarty and ran up near Cold Springs in the spring of 1866, the farthest up the river she ever went. Then the river was bribed by { spring rains and was high. In July the same year, they tried to do it again. The boat grounded and was badly sprung getting free. In August she sank at her moorings under the Old National Road covered bridge. She sank at night, with no one aboard except the night watchman. He was . asleep and got wet. When she was raised. Levi Comegys bought the hull for SI2OO and hauled cobblestones in it for the National road. The Gov. Morton never was a financial success. It is a matter of j record that her most lucrative trip was one on which she was stranded for a longer time than usual on a j sand bar. The ship's log shows the pas- ! sengers bought $l6B worth of drinks at 25 cents a drink. ana note of the 1860s: Young society belles of Bloomington and the like, where they wear plain linen crash pantalettes week-days and white linen Sundays, were notified that Indianapolis belles wear white linen weekdays and laced white linen Sundays.

IT’S LUCKY NOAH WASN’T A SENATOR!

The Hoosier Forum 1 wholly disapprove of what you say—and will defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

<Times reaien are invited to express their views in these columns, relioious controversies excluded. Make vour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to £5 0 words or less. Your letter must be slaned, but names will be withheld on reouest.) ana TIRED OF BEING ASKED TO BUY ‘CHANCES’ Bv Awfully Tired Something ought to be done about it! I frequent, on business about twice a day, the City Hall and Courthouse. As soon as I step in the City Hall, going to some department where I might expect some business, I am assailed from all sides by coy females and bearded men with importunities to buy “tickets for a bingo party at Pat’s home,” or “a chance of five dollars’ worth of merchandise at Mike’s house.” Then they assail you for the purchase of tickets to the President’s Birthday Ball, at a dollar a “throw,” or a chance on a five-dollar gold piece at 10 cents per chance, and they supplement every importunity with the assurance, “Oh, I know you’ll we-in (meaning WIN).” Respectable people have ceased to come to the City Hall and Courthouse any more for they are so annoyed by these “chiselers” that they would rather stay away. The latest they sprung at the Courthouse was—“ Say, take a chance on a black Scotty—only 50 cents—l know’ you’ll we-in.” At the City Hall the latest is—- “ Take a chance on this assortment of garden seeds —lettuce, cabbage, rutabaga, radish and peas—only 15 cents—l know you’ll we-in.” The County Commissioners in conjunction with the Mayor should stop this immediately and make it safe to citizens and taxpayers of this community to step into their own public buildings without being assailed by the w’iles of the females and the blandishments of the men to take chances on some thing they don't want—even though they have the assurance that they will “WE-IN.” ana ADVOCATES WIDER USE OF INDIANA COAL By D. E. Tate, Sullivan Last fall when nearly every one (except the coal miners) thought a strike would be called, there was a reported 90-day supply of coal above ground. The mines were working better than average in order to be better prepared in case a strike was called. After the scare passed there w j as a let-up in work because of the large supply on hand. In 1931, ’32 and ’33 the average number of days worked by Indiana miners was 140, 145 and 163

Questions and Answers

Inclose e 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 10t3 13thst, N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice can not be given, nor can extended research be undertaken. Q —Who is the author of “The Soul of Abraham Lincoln”? A—William E. Barton, Q —Give the date of the first Benny Leonard - Johnny Kilbane fight, and the decision. A—April 29, 1915, in New York City. It was a 10-round no-decision bout, but Kilbane was given the newspaper verdict. Q—What is the present population of the United States? A—The estimated population July 1, 1934, was 126.425,000. Q—What is a writ of habeas corpus? A—A writ directed to the person detaining another, and commanding him to produce the body of the prisoner, or persons detained, with the day and cause of his caption and detention, to do, submit to. and receive whatsoever the judge or court awarding the writ shall consider in that behalf. Q —What is Breeches Bible? A—The name is applied to the Geneva Bible on account of the wording of the translation of Genesis lii, 7: "/am and Eve sewed

(United States Bureau of Mines statistics). I cite the figures to show' that it can not be the 35-hour week that caused the shortage, as some people have claimed. Because the U. M. W of A. asked for a 30-hour week, coal operators and dealers would like the public to believe it would be impossible to supply the demand if the 30-hour law was passed. I believe that if Indianapolis and other Indiana cities would use In-diana-produced coal they would tie assured of an ample supply of coal at all times, and would provide enough work to take more Indiana miners off the relief rolls. tt a tt DESERTS AL SMITH; STICKS TO F. D, R. By J. R. Headley First, I want to say I have re&d The Times long before it was The Times, when it was The Sun. I always liked the editorial page and Message Center. I’ll confess I got a little peeved in 1928 when you favored Hoover a little more than A1 Smith, but I voted for Smith. But since listening to him over the radio I apologize. I now think it was like splitting hairs. I think now it would be a good thing for the rank and file, as 90 per cent are just that, to join hands and stay with our friend, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and put rings in A1 Smith’s nose and turn him and his Liberty League gang loose with the grass rooters—Amen. a a a DISAGREES WITH REPORT AGAINST OARP By Jack Dolan, Shelbyville In a recent editorial you published a synopsis of a report credited to an economics faculty of the University of Chicago, in which they say the Townsend plan is altogether a delusion. In view of the inconsistencies of the statement, coupled with the knowledge of the source of endowment, the treachery of the donors, their success with the aid of highpriced lobbyists to block legislation, and that the report is diametrically opposing the result of the studies of other universities, it is not difficult to distinguish the article as handpicked and labeled University of Chicago. They say: “To finance this i burden would throw over all hope of j preserving a sound monetary system.” Does that infer we now have a sound monetary system? The gov- j ernment now sells bonds, distributes ' the money in small bits which go to : a few corporations and right back to Wall Street in a few days, which j forces the government to sell more bonds. The report further states, “This

fig leaves together and made themselves breeches.” Q—What is a star sapphire? A— characteristically blue stone with three silvery lines that cross each other, forming a star-shaped cross. The star-like appearance is due to minute crystals or layers in the stone, which reflects the incident light, producing the stellar effect. Star sapphires. are found in Ceylon. Q —What gives color to air? A—Pure air is invisible, odorless and tasteless. Impurities in the air impart color, odor and taste. Q —ls the salary the same for all American ambassadors? How much is it? What is the salary of an American consul? A—Ambassadors receive $17,500 a year. The salary of an American :onsul depends upon his rank or flassification in the foreign service. The lowest salary- is $3500 and the highest is S9BOO. Q—What is the annual mortality in India from serpent bites? A —Approximately 20,000, according to ~fficial statistics; caused chiefly by the native habit of walking at night with bare legs. Q—Where was the ancient city of Babylon? A—On the Hilla branch of the Euphrates River, just north of the modern town of Hilla the Kingdom of Ira^

vast pension scheme would cost 20 billion dollars a year, which is 40 per cent of the 1934 income.” This only can prove they gave no previous study to the statement, for it is as impossible to fit the Townsend program in the 1934 income as it is to fit a No. 12 foot in a No. 3 shoe. In that year consumption was less than 20 per cent of what is required to maintain health and comfort, and 25 million were on direct relief. Take an extract from a report of the Housing Division of the Federal Works Administration. Five million farm homes and six million village, town and city homes are “of such character as to endanger the health, the safety and morals, and interfere with the normal life of their inhabitants.” Those 11 million homes (so-called) include about half our population, and millions of them never have seen a bathtub or touched a light switch. The report also criticises the proposed “complete centralization of the pension administration” and “extravagance” of paying the pensions regardless of need, and the social effect of supervising pensioners. Does the government now distribute the relief money with regard to need? As to social effect, it is only necessary to rub elbows with those once-respected old-timers who built up this country, but have been successfully legislated out of an opportunity to live, and are now forced to huddle in hovels and watch themselves decay. We have seen how the banker gr . his, we have seen the farmer get hi , and the soldier get his. Dr. Tow: send has his needle charged, ai. when he shoots a hypodermic in tb next Congress we will get ours.

STATION M-E-M-O-R-Y BY JOSEPHINE DUKE MOTLEY I turn the hands on the dial of thought Till MEMORY comes on, And once again to me is brought A voice that has long been gone. I close my eyes and dimlv I see Its owner standing there; But I can't tune in perfectly, And both vanish on waves of air. DAILY THOUGHT Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's. —St. Matthew xxiii, 21. IF you do what you should not. you must' bear what you would not.—Franklin.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clar

Your... Health By dr- morris fishbein

NOTHING distresses a person going on a diet so much as to face at his first meal the list of all the things that he can not eat. Usually it appears to contain practically all the things that he would like to eat., and to leave very little else. But this isn't the case. Here, for instance, is a list of foods commonly permitted to people placed on a smooth and soft, or bland, diet. The foods in this list are very low in their amount of cellulose or undigestible fiber, are easily available, not difficult to prepare, and exclude Irritating substances. Beverages: Milk, buttermilk, fruit juices, weak coffee or tea, decaffeinated or cereal coffee. Soups: Any kind of meat soup (strainedL tomato soup, vegetable soup (strained): cream soups made with cream and pureed vegetables. Breads: White bread, plain rolls, toast or crackers, zwieback. Eggs: Coddled, soft-boiled, raw, poached or scrambled. Fats: Butter, cream, oleomargarine. olive oil. Cereals: Cornflakes, cream of wheat, farina, oatmeal. Fruits: All fruit juices, applesauce. Vegetables: Raw endive, lettuce, romaine, watercress; cooked and sieved asparagus, lima beans, carrots, spinach, peas, squash, sweet and white potatoes. Meats: Broiled steak, roast beef, lamb, mutton, or chicken (broiled, boiled or toasted*. Fish: Any fresh fish; baked, broiled or boiled. Cheese: Cottage cheese or cream cheese. a a a HERE are sample menus for those who want a bland diet: Breakfast Bland fruit juice: cooked cereal (without bran); soft cooked egg; white bread (toast), butter; weak coffee, tea or cocoa; small amount sugar. Lunch Cream asparagus soup, strained; cottage cheese or other cheese or entree, starchy food; sieved carrots; custard; white bread toast, butter; milk. Dinner Chicken broth; lamb chop; baked potato; pureed peas; tapioca cream; white melba toast, butter; milk. If the dieting person still Is hungry and wants more food after this type of menu, he may have extra meals for eggnog at 10 a. m., at 3 and at 8 p. m.

TODAY’S SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ THE peaceful scene pictured in the Book of Genesis when Adam was on terms of friendship with all the animals in the Garden of Eden may have had its counterparts in many regions of Asia during the early days of mankind. That is the conclusion of Dr. Walter Hough, curator of anthropology at the Smithsonian Institution of Washington, who announces anew theory to account for the domestication of animals. He believes that domestication arose out of amity and not through mastery. In support of this theory, he points to isolated parts of the world where animals exhibit no fear of men. His thesis is that fear arises among animals only when it is engendered by the actions of men. Most domestic animals are believed to have come from Asia, and there, according to Dr. Hough, early man had a temperament especially Adapted to inspire friendship and confidence among the animals. a a a “npHE fear that is engendered in animals by happenings out of the ordinary,” says Dr. Hough, “is a protective device. Where, for a period of undetermined length, animals are not subjected to fear, the protective device is obliterated, becoming a useless function. “Many instances of this have been observed, and their occurrence is noted as extra-normal by believers in the tooth-and-claw order of nature. Observers in new countries have recorded with surprise the lack of fear by animals.” In new territories, the discharge of firearms and the light and smoke of campfires soon puts an end to this Eden-like simplicity, Dr. Hough says. “Before long.” he continues, “fear is displayed, often in an exaggerated degree, and the animals become educated in evading dangers.”

Winter harvest scene.

FEB. 17, 1936