Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 286, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 February 1936 — Page 20

PAGE 20

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRirpS-HOWARD N EWSTAI’EH) ROV W. HOWARD l*rel|pnt IXDWKLL DKNNI Editor EAUL D. BAKER . Business Mansger

G?>’ I tight anti thn I'rnptt Will hind Thetr Own Way

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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7. 1338 FOLLY AT PEKIN r | ’HE o-ifleral strike at Pekin, 111., has ended, as . a' general strikes must, with precious little victor*: .'Jr any one. For 24 hours in subzero weather the strike committee held the little manufacturing city under a dictatorship, closing all places of business, issuing permits to a few essential trades and causing general fear and suffering among the 16,000 souls of the town. The general strike is a two-edged sword—a cruel and dangerous weapon. It punishes whole communities for the sins of a few. It forces non-striking workmen to break their agreements with employers. It invites martial law, employer reprisals, popular resentment against labor. As in San Francisco in 1934 this smaller general strike will leave a wake of bitterness throughout the community. In happy contiast to warfare in Pekin—where police use of tear gas at an isolated picketing brought on the general strike —was what happened in New York City at the same time. There Mayor La Guardia, the National Labor Board and other elements worked to prevent a serious threatened strike of building service trades and succeeded in winning a 43-hour week, better wages and a three-year contract. Another strike, Involving 20,000 milliners, was nipped in the bud by creation of an impartial commission to supervise the workers’ labor contracts. HIGHER AND HIGHER TF "it is the office of a good judge to enlarge his jurisdiction,” as Thomas Jefferson once mockingly said, then the six majority justices of the ‘United States Supreme Court appear to be making good. For now, over protest of Justices Stone, Cardozo and Brandeis, they have rendered another opinion vastly extending the high court's jurisdiction, this time over the fiscal powers of a state. The case was that of the Great Northern Railroad against the State of North Dakota. The opinion was read by Justice Pierce Butler, ex-railroad lawyer from St. Paul, a Harding appointee. It held that the state tax commission over-assessed the rc.ilroad in 1933 by $10,000,000 by not giving "due weight to the sudden, progressive and enormous declines of value” through that year. This decision contrasts with one by the same majority of six about a year ago—the Baltimore telephone case, in which they rejected a state commission's use of depression price indices to reduce rates to consumers. It also conflicts with former decisions giving the states great leeway in their rights to levy and collect taxes. For instance, in 1931 the Supreme Court upheld Indiana’s authority to levy a special tax on chain stores. Then Justice Roberts said: "The power of taxation is fundamental to the very existence of the states ... it is not the function of this court in cases like the present to consider the propriety or justice of the tax, to seek for motives or to criticise the public policy which prompted the adoption of the legislation.” On Monday Justice Stone, for the minority, charged that for "the first time this court is setting aside a tax violation of the Fourteenth Amendment on the ground that the assessment on which it is computed is too high, without showing tha’i the assessment is discriminatory or that the petitioner is in any way bearing an undue share of the tax burden imposed on all property owners in the state.” The present majority has zealously upheld "states’ rights" in vetoing such acts as NIRA and AAA. Now it turns on states’ rights in a matter hitherto sacred to the states—the right to tax. Does it propose to add to its recently broadened powers a new jurisdiction, and sit henceforth as a supreme board of tax appeals?

LET IN THE LIGHT A HOUSE Labor subcommittee, headed by Rep. Griswold of Indiana, is trying to get the facts about reports that 476 workers in the Hawks Nest Power Tunnel at Gauley Bridge, W. Va., died of silicosis ahd that 1500 others are threatened with slow death from the same disease. This subcommittee needs power to subpena witnesses. Officials of the contracting firm issue a general denial of the report, yet they decline an invitation to come before the committee to testify. The committee also needs funds to make a thorough investigation of this story and of other stories about the spread of industrial diseases generally. The grisly charges against this “tunnel of death" can not lie in their present stage of doubt. If they are untrue the contractors owe it to themselves to have them officially denied. If true, it is the nation's concern that the future be protected against recurrence. Any attempt in Congress to hamstring this committee by withholding subpena powers or to starve it by denying it funds will be widely resented. And Justly so. LIQUIDATING OUR “KULAKS” WHEN in 1928 Soviet Russia began liquidating her kulaks, or prosperous farm-owners, and sending them into her collective farms, a cry went up that this was a harsh thing to do. It was hardly more harsh than the liquidation of our own prosperous freeholders that has been going on steadily for 50 years. Private land ownership is the key to the American economy. By the Homestead Act, Reclamation Law and other measures we subsidized and nursed it through the years. Yet today, according to Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace, not less than 45 per cent of our American farmers are tenants. A number of things have brought this about. Chiefly it has been the land speculation, farm mechanization, the tariff and the lack of national planning to prevent bankrupting price fluctuations. Next to the growth of poverty among wageworkers, farm tenancy is America’s most tragic problem. The forcing of millions of people from their own land to become share-croppers, renters and tenants means the weakening of what G e smith called “a bold peasantry—their count.. *. pride.” Tenancy has created an unstable farm population. More than 80 per cent of farm tenants stay on the same farm less than 5 years, and one-third move every year. Average occupancy is about four *

years. Tenancy also has contributed to despoliation of our basic resource, the land, because the primary Interest of both land.:rd and tenant is a quick cash return. "Tenancy,” says Secretary Wallace, "is largely responsible for the serious and progressive depletion of soil fertility.” No one takes as much care of what another owns as of his own property. For the first time since the Western lands' were thrown open for homesteading the government at Washington is tackling the land crisis with vigor and intelligence. The AAA sought to apply a domestic ‘‘tariff'' for the benefit of farmers. The Resettlement Administration is retiring womout lands and moving farmers to good lands. The Soil Erosion Service is encouraging planting of soil-enriching crops. The Rural Electrification Administration is bringing electricity to relieve the tedium of farm life. The Farm Credit Administration is helping landowmers hold their land. The National Resources Board in general and TVA in particular are opening the doors to the national planning of land-use. Whether these measures can halt the dangerous trend toward a landless American peasantry we do not know. We hope and believe they will retard it. THE SOURCE OF LANDON’S STRENGTH TT is significant, we believe, that of all of the potential Republican presidential nominees, the one most in the public eye is not Senator Borah, nor Senator Vandenberg, nor Col. Knox, but none other than Gov. Alf Landon. Why this spectacular rise of Landon? Geography Is against him. So is precedent. Never before has any one thought seriously of looking for presidential timber in a state such as Kansas, which has too few electoral votes for either party to worry about. He is not colorful. His experience in government has been very limited. His record is unimpressive, except for one thing—a balanced state budget. And even that is not so very impressive to those who bother to consider that the balanced budget is due in part to state constitutional and statutory limits on spending, in part to such benefits of Roosevelt’s recovery efforts as the AAA checks, which have enabled Kansas citizens to pay taxes again, and in part to the Federal government carrying much of the state's relief burden. But who bothers to think of such collateral factors? Kansas’ budget is balanced. Landon is Governor and he gets the credits. When people think of Kansas and Landon they think of a state living within its means and a Governor who believes that it is the most fundamental of all policies. And why are more and more people thinking more and more of Kansas and Landon? Because of the contrast—to Washington and Roosevelt. The Federal government is now ending its sixth year of living beyond its income—three under Hoover and three under Roosevelt. And it is now heading into a seventh year of red ink, at the end of which the gross national debt threatens to be double what is was in 1930. tt TT was an economic necessity for the Roosevelt Administration to repel the deflation of the early thirties by the only way it could be repelled—by emergency spending. But the public has never thought of—never been allowed to think of—the depression as anything other than an emergency. And the Roosevelt policy of inflationary borrowing and spending is beginning to look too much like a permanent policy. So people are getting uneasy. They long to get their feet on the ground again. They hear a sane, reasoning speech, such as Landon made from Topeka a few days ago—a speech which wisely contained no shrill and stupid cries against socialism and dwelt not upon such shibboleths as states’ rights, but a speech which dealt calmly with the folly of debts and the wisdom of a pay-as-you-go policy. And people who have had recent and painful personal experience with debts think more and more of Kansas and Landon. This campairn should be fought out on the social and economic issues of the New Deal versus the old. But the fiscal issue is crowding out all the others. And that’s the reason for Landon. II President Roosevelt doesn't want Landon for an opponent, and if he doesn't want the fiscal issue to dominate the campaign, it is time for him to recall his own warning of March 10, 1933. In his economy message to Congress, on that day, the President said: "Too often in recent history, liberal governments have been wrecked on rocks of loose fiscal policy. '

ASTHMA RELIEF A STHMA patients, vitally interested in anew 1 and expensive helium-oxygen treatment for certain respiratory diseases, may expect substantial benefit from a recent action of the House in authorizing the U. S. Bureau of Mines to sell helium gas to hospitals and physicians at cost. The authority was conferred in the LanhamBacon amendment to the Interior Departmenc appropriation bill. The Senate is expected to retain the amendment. Information placed before the House indicated that the cost of helium and oxygen to accredited institutions and members of the medical profession would be cut from S2O a tank to $5. The Bureau of Mines controls a large portion us the supply of Texas helium, owing to the fact that it is r. n jn-inflammable gas essential to safety in the development of lighter-than-air craft. Evidence read into the House record indicated that a mixture of helium gas and oxygen has been found in some instances a life-saving measure, as well as a form of relief in other cases. A WOMAN S VIEWPOINT By Mrs. Walter Ferguson ' I "'HE next best thing to soaring over the Andes A in an air clipper is to soar over them in a book. You can take such a journey with Claudia Cranston in "Sky Gypsy’’ and you’ll find the experience as thrilling as any you have ever had on paper. For 25,000 miles we travel, seeing strange countries, eating at unusual places, poking our noses into South America’s jungles and sailing over its peaks. Pell-mell, the story rushes you along. You feel as if you are tearing through the air with its writer. Miss Cranston has a flair for going places. She thinks nothing of finding herself the only woman in a group of men, none of whom she has seen before. She is stuck with them in the thick mud of Haiti and trudges along up the dangerous mountain leading to King Christophe’a crumbling citadel. Reading, one is conscious of the tremendous progress science has made in transportation. But the amazing thing is the change which has come about in the minas of men, who now accept a woman as a person. This change has not kept pace with that of the mechanics of civilization but it will catch up, if we can give it a little more time. Less than half a century ago no nice girl would have ventured anywhere without a chaperon; she would have fainted wiih fright at the idea In “Sky Gypsy” you are conscious that something miraculous has taken place. The cobwebs of false prudery and acute sex consciousness are swept away as men and women mount into the upper reaches of serene blue heavens.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Squaring The Circle With THE HOOSIER EDITOR

A FELLOW citizen: He was 17. He padfooted into the Federal Building yesterday, went to the door of the marshal's office, and, out of the corner of his mouth, asked to see the marshal, personally. He stayed out in the hallway until Mr. James came out. Peering both ways down the hall, he finally confided that he knew where some counterfeiters were. Mr. James took him to the office of Charlie Mazey, Secret Service, and he quickstepped inside and flattened out against the wall. Then he peered both ways, murmured that in all probability he was being followed, and told a story of stealth, and crime and detective work. It was his own amazing deduction, he said, that furnished him with information which wxmld lead Secret Service men to the counterfeiters. But try as he would, Mr. Mazey could get no clear idea of who, what, when, where and why. So he dismissed the lad. tt n tt THAT,” said Mr. Mazey, "happens every once in a while. Kids read detective stories. They get imbued with the idea they can detect. They come to the Secret Service office because the word ‘secret’ gets them. "This particular boy was somewhat of an actor. I believe he staged it, in the hope he would gat a job. It's too bad he’s so deluded. But then, he may get all right in time.” Some day this column will give you an honest profile of the average detective, and his day-by-day work. And won’t all 17-year-old detective story readers be surprised! # tt tt \ FRIEND of mine, Bill Goode, stays on his ranch in Texas part of the year and manages his factory at Sidney, 0., the rest of the year. It works out swell, because he has a talented ear for listening to a story, and a talented tongue for repeating it. He came back last time with this cne, so a mutual friend in Sidney tells me. A Negro named Robert,, who works on his ranch, came to him all bubbling over. He said: "I tell you, boss, I likes the A. A. A. That A. A. A. is just fine. If it wasn’t for that A. A. A. boss, I don’t know where I’d B. B. B.” I haven’t heard from Robert since the Supreme Court changed things around—how he is, is, is. tt tt tt TT was the same Robert who, when he got hard up before the 1929 stock market incident, borrowed some money on a mule he owned. That is, he pledged the mule as collateral, and signed a note. Then he promptly spent the money. When the note came due Robert had no money. So he took the mule to another bank, borrowed some money’ on it there, paid the interest on the first note and renewed it, and spent j the balance. He did this for years, long after I the mule had died. Robert had no s -ccessor for the mule either, when he negotiated his latter day notes. When cne of the banks foreclosed, and found that its collateral had long since died, it got pretty surly about it. It went to Mr. Goods and told him that as the employer of Robert he should make good the debt. But Mr. Goode didn’t. He said he figured that it was cheap tuition for the bankers. Later on, of course, they found that less animated collateral than mules died on them.

OTHER OPINION Factors Retarding Recovery [Richmond Palladium] Without aiming to criticise the Roosevelt Administration, Prof. H. H. Beneke, of Miami University, in an address here drew a clear nonpartisan picture of the factors which are retarding economic recovery in this country. Failure of the Administration to gain the confidence of business was cited by the speaker as one of the chief reasons for the delay in climbing out of the depression. This confidence is lacking, the professor declared, because of the Administration's paternalistic attitude, its fallacious monetary policy and its attempt to restore buying power by pegging prices. Collapse of the Administration’s theories has left the nation greatly in debt and with its unemployment problems unsolved, the speaker said. The way out, he declared, was to be found in government regulation instead of control; restoration of a true balance of the branches of government and a stabilized currency. On the New Deal [Norman Thomas, Socialist] Not only it is (the New Deal) not socialism, but in large degree this state capitalism, this use of bread and circuses to keep the people quiet, is so much a necessary development of a dying social order that neither Mr. Smith nor Mr. Hoover in office in 1937 can substantially change the present picture or bring back the days of Andrew Jackson, Grover Cleveland or Calvin Coolidge.

WHEN WILL HE DROP THAT OTHER SHOE!

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The Hoosier Forum 1 wholly disapprove of what you say—and will defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

/Times reaiers are invited to express their views in these columns, reli(/ious controversies excluded. Make vour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them, to 250 words or less. Your' letter must he siane <l, hut names will be withheld on reouest.) tt tt tt PLEADS FOR PROGRESSIVE ACTION AT EDINBURG By a Property Owner It is quite evident that our little town of Edinburg is going to be granted Federal help toward a sewer project started here by Carl Freyn a year ago. It is a matter of public record that U. S. Highway 1, originally going through Edinburg, was permitted to go one-half mile west of Edinburg when reconstructed several years ago. A little work by our business men would have kept the road going through our town. However, we sat idly by and lost all that transient business. Several years ago a shoe factory was planning to open a branch here, but received so little enncouragement that it located in Seymour. During this time the business men were dominated by the same old donothing group. Now the opportunity for a sewage system is at hand, and the property owners will be asked to vote approval or rejection of the program. If the town wishes to continue being dominated by a few old heads, then the project will be rejected. If the town is tired of being just another town: if we are disgusted with open toilets, dry wells and Kentucky shacks, then we will vote for a sewage system and include paved streets with curbs in our project. Why let all this business go to Columbus and Indianapolis when this could really be a good town? tt tt u OFFERS EVIDENCE FOR TOWNSEND PLAN By Jack Dolan, Shelbyvllle John T. Flynn in his articles for and against the Townsend plan comes along with his customary supposition, like all the past masters in deception, who realize a just economic system would spell their doom. He supposes 10 persons who have wages of SIOO a month each. That makes SIOOO a month. That is their purchasing power. Now these 10 people are taxed $lO each in order to pay a pension of SIOO a month to an eleventh person. It is clear that the eleventh person now has SIOO to spend which he didn’t have before. After each has paid a tax of $lO. each has but S9O to spend. The 10 have S9OO, the eleventh has SIOO, total SIOOO. There is no increase in purchasing power. Morgan & Cos. should be proud

Questions and Answers

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any questirn of fact or information to The lv Uimapolta Time* Washington Service Bureau. 1013 13that. N. W.. Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice can not be given, nor can extended research be undertaken. Q. Where can one obtain a copy of the Constitution of Indiana? A. Office of the Secretary of State. Q. Whore can one obtain a copy of the oath King Edward VIII took? A. Encyclopedia Britannica. Q. What is the religion of Emperor Hirohito of Japan and his Empress? A. Shintoism. Q. What is the name of the secretary of the state Board of Charities of Indiana? A. Wayne Coy. Q —Have Lincoln one-cent pieces been minted every year since 1909? A—Yes. Q —On what day of the week did Dec. 18. 1885. fall? A—Friday, Q —Does tea contain more caffeine than coffee? A—The amount of caffeine in tea and coffee varies with the product.

of Mr. Flynn. He would qualify as a good bed-time story writer. But let us forget these 10 men getting SIOO a month, and consider 10 others. Two are engaged in production, producing $15,000 in merchandise but receiving only SIOOO, one engaged in banking getting SIO,OOO, two merchants getting $3500, five men on relief getting SSOO, total $15,000. The Townsend plan would open up a way to place the five men on relief back to work in industry and produce $35,000 in addition to the $15,000, making a total of $50,000. With our population of 130 million we should have a national income of 300 billion instead of 40 billion. Then the producers could discard the old hand-tool method of grandpa’s time and use modem equipment that would make life a pleasure. The share croppers could then substitute shoes and clothes for the gunny sacks they are now wearing, live in houses instead of sheep sheds, eat bread and meat instead of living on roots and herbs. Lest we forget, Mr. Flynn, there is one more example I would have you explain: What system do the 100 families at the top use to receive more income than one million families at the bottom? a tt tt GLAD’ PROCESSING TAXES GO TO PACKERS! By One Who Has Always Voted a Straight Democratic Ticket, Medora We farmers are overjoyed down here in the southern part of the state to know that several million dollars in processing tax go back to the packers. We were afraid in some way that it would be brought out in court who rightfully owned the tax and force us by some New Deal law to take it back. We knew in this case we were ruined, for if we should have been forced to receive this processing tax it would have broken the packers and the heart of big business and you can see what the result would have been: No packers—no sale for our hogs. We are willing to go the limit, providing the processing tax is not enough to tide you packers over until Franklin D. and Gen. Johnson or some other friend can slip another one in your favor. We propose to sell you our hogs on time, 1 cent down a pound and 1 cent a pound a year until 7 cents a pound is paid. Os course we expect to pay you for the handling of our money over the period of years you are paying us for our hogs, and we have decided in order to benefit our neghbors who have been living off relief for the last three years to donate $2 a hundredweight of hog to the Federal government to feed more of our righteous brethren for wearing

Coffee usually contains less than 1 per cent, while amounts varying between 2 and 4 per cem: have been found in different samples of tea. Q —How large is Wake Island? A—lt is about one square mile. Q—ls Una Merkel the real name if the actress? A—Yes. Q —Do diamonds used in engraving on glass ever wear out? A—They wear out in about six or eight weeks of constant use. Q —What percentage of the population of Italy is Roman Catholic? A—About 99.6 per cent. Q—Who wrote the poem, "The City of Dreadful Night”? A—James Thomson. Q—Did aliens who entered the United States Army in the World War automatically become American citizens? A—No. Q —What is the "Eve,/where League"? A—A correspondence club for the hard of hearing, conducted under the auspices of the American Federation of Organizations for the Hard of Hearing in Washington, XX C,

the seats out ot their pants while we slave to keep the Federal government from taking our land. Now if there are any more schemes we can help you in let’s have them before the election, not after. tt tt tt CLAIMS INEQUALITIES IN TAX SYSTEM By W. B. S.. a Parke County Reader There are grave inequalities in our present tax system that the first intelligent State Legislature that meets under an intelligent Governor should correct. To give a concrete illustration I will cite a true case of which I was the victim. Until four years ago I was employed by an industrial concern at a good salary. No tax whatever was paid by me except on such items as cigarets and on the automobile I drove. Now I am a farmer and for the last four years actually lost money in the operation of the farm. But the tax units demanded a payment of more than S4OO per year on penalty of losing my farm and home. Is this justice to tax a farmer losing money at a rate of $3 to $4 for everything that he owns? Is it justice to tax a laborer who owns a small home and is out of employment until he loses that home and becomes a wanderer? Is it justice to tax a widow with only a home and no income until she loses her only haven against want? Do we want to put a tax against home and farm ownership so high that only the rich can own homes and the rest of us live in shiftless or movable shacks? Why not make the $1.50 law a fact so that greedy tax-spending units can not confiscate our homes? WILD BIRD BY RICHARD Into a foundry, bleak and bare, A wild bird came and flew about To lift the souls of workers there, And then flew out. DAILY THOUGHT Dost thou know the balancings of the clouds, the wondrous works of him which is perfect in knowledge?—Job xxxvii, 16. NATURE has perfections, in order to show that she is the image of God; and defects, to show that she is only his image.—Pascal.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark

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“Now, whatever happens on this tnp, just remember that I didn’t want to come, in the rirst place*’’

FEB. 7,193 G

Your... Health J3y DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

VETHEN adding foods to the baby s diet, add one new food at a time. In this way. you can learn how’ the baby reacts to it. Usually, it takes two or three days to determine whether a change in food is helpful. Various methods of modifying milk for babies have been introduced, including use of lactic acid or citric acid, and of various specia* types of sugar. To determine which mixture is preferable, you should always ask the doctor in charge of the baby. As I have said previously, orange juice may be given during the first month —two tablespoonfuls mixed with an equal quantity of water, given once or twice daily. By the time the baby is 3 months old. it should be receiving the juice of onehalf orange; and after that it may have the juice of an entire orange each day. Tomato juice and other fruit juices occasionally are substituted for orange juice. u tt COD LIVER OIL should be started early in infancy, beginning with a half teaspoonfui twice a day, the dose gradually increasing until the baby is getting one teaspoonful three times a day. This will be well beyond the amount necessary to prevent most babies from getting rickets. Many doctors believe that the baby should have extra iron, even early in infancy. It is customary to begin various cereals when the baby is 6 or 7 months old. The new strained and sieved vegetables and fruits make it possible now to give egg yolk, vegetables and fruits to babies at increasingly early ages, and thus provide them with substances necessary to prevent the appearance of deficiency diseases. Do not change food every time the baby has a symptom. This does not apply to the reduction of the amount of food, or to the stopping of all food, when the baby has digestive troubles.

TODAY’S SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ

A GROUP of American scientists are going to Siberia next June in the hopes of solving one of the major mysteries of science. They hope to establish the nature of the mysterious “coronium” which exists in the sun. They are going to Russia in the spring because an eclipse of the sun occurs on June 19, which is visible only in a narrow track across Siberia. Surrounding the sun is a great silvery halo known as the corona, which becomes visible only at the time of an eclipse. It is in this corona that the mysterious substance exists. The American savants hope to establish whether coronium is actually a chemical element unknown on earth or whether it is really some chemical element already known which exists under unusual conditions in the sun’s corona. To solve the mystery they are to take along spectrographs and other scientific instruments of the latest design. In order to make the expedition’s delicate instruments suitable for the exacting conditions under which they are to be used in the field, many of them are being built of dowmetal, an extremely light and rigid alloy. These instruments and their mountings are being made and given to the expedition by the Dow Chemical Cos. of Midland, Mich. tt n m HEADING the expedition is Dr. Donald H. Menzel of the Harvard College Observatory. Other members include Dr. Joseph C. Boyce of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Henry Hemmendinger of Harvard, and others. Two dowmetal spectrographs are to be used by the expedition to follow the course of the changing spectrum of the sun throughout the progress of the eclipse. They are to record the appearance of the spectrum on a moving plate. Other instruments, of both low and high magnifying power, are to photograph the entire range of the sun’s spectrum from the extreme infra-red to the farthest ultraviolet.