Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 274, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 January 1936 — Page 16

PAGE 16

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIriWHOWARD NEWSPAPER) ROY W. HOWARD President LUDWEI.L DENNY Editor EARL, 1). BAKER Batin*** Manager*

Os e lAQht ana the People Will Find Jheir Own Way

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FRIDAY. JANUARY 24. 1938. AAA AND HCL TTOUSEWIVEB still are waiting for the lower ■* prices they thought the AAA death sentence would bring. The wait may be a long one. For two years processing taxes have been blamed by many for rising costs of food and clothing. Removal of the tax has not caused reductions of the aort such statements would seem to warrant. Flour has been reduced $1.35 a barrel, but with the exception of Philadelphia, where one grocery chain cut the price of bread a cent a loaf, Washington has had no official report of bread reductions. Sugar is down 25 cents s hundred pounds in come cities, but there is some doubt how much effect the AAA decision has on sugar. The tariff reduevon that accompanied imposition of the sugar processing tax offset the effect of the tax to the consumer. Coro products, such as syrup and starch, are down from 3 to 7 cents a case, an amount too small to affect the consumer. Cake flour, buckwheat flour and pancake flour are down 17 cents a hundred pounds. Tobacco, rice, peanuts and potatoes are Just w'here they were before the decision. Producers of live hogs are getting 25 cents a 100 pounds more than before the decision and wh >lesalrrs are buying the meat for $1.25 less, but that accounts for only $1.50 of the $2.25 a hundred given back to packers by the Supreme Court decision. Retail pork prices have not come down. Ham and bacon will not do so for some time, it is predicted, because storage stocks are far below normal. Bakers say they can’t reduce bread because they have stocks of flour bought at high prices. Some of them say the social security tax makes reductions Impossible. a a a OFFICERS of the National Retail Dry Goods Association have advised members against reducing cotton-goods prices. The Underwear Institute recommended no concessions to customers until the smoke has cleared.” The seamless division of the Southern Hosiery Association adopted a resolution promising not to reduce prices. The gray cotton goods producers frankly worked to halt at 2 cents the price decline that began after the decision. The amount of the tax was 4.2 cents. Neither does it seem likely that consumers will benefit from the $200,000,000 refund of impounded processing taxes ordered by the Supreme Court. The court said the money should be restored to processors. AAA officials have considerable evidence that processing taxes were passed along to the consumer, including testimony to that effect by packers and others. The AAA sponsored legislation, adopted last year by Congress, providing that if return of impounded funds was ordered by the courts they should be paid only to those able to prove they had not passed the tax along to the consumer. In spite of this mandate the court ruled in favor of processors. Officials are avoiding statements which could be construed as critical of the court. They point out, however, that last year’s legislation expresses their point of view of a just approach to the subject. And Secretary Wallace has expressed a doubt as to whether public opinion will tolerate payments to the processors of taxes which clearly have been passed on to the consumers. The American Farm Bureau Federation has been more outspoken. "It is obviously unfair for a fw big processors to obtain such refunds when the burden of such taxes has been shifted to the consumers or back to the producers by the processors," it says. “To permit such processors to claim or recover such taxes would bee: unjust enrichment.” If the Supreme Court eventually orders the return to processors of the billion dollars collected as processing taxes and paid out in benefit checks the consumer will bear a double burden. He bore the original cost of the tax, in most cases, and will pay the new taxes the government will have to levy to meet such a requirement.

(H AT) CHECKS AND (RED) BALANCES WHEN asked where the money was to come from to pay for the Administration's new half-billion-dollar farm program, Senator Bankhead, cointroducer of the measure, said: ‘•lt's up to Henry Morgenthau to find the money.’* That statement is all too characteristic of the prevailing attitude in Congress. For six years now Secretary Morgenthau and those who preceded him as Treasury chiefs have been “finding” the money to make up the deficits between what Congress spends and what the taxes bring in. Asa result the public debt is approaching an amount almost double what it was six years ago. True, much of that has been money lent, as distinguished from money spent, and the Treasury has a substantial portfolio of recoverable assets to offset against that spectacular rise in the gross debt. But measures such as the two-billion-dollar veterans’ “pay-off” in interest-bearing bonds and the farm bill, which pledges a large and recurring annual expenditure, have to be met ultimately by one of two possible methods—taxation or inflation. The sound thing to do, we believe, is to meet them by direct taxation on a pay-as-we-go basis. m m m IN HIS budget message of last year, again in his budget message this year and in public utterances in the interval between those two messages. President Roosevelt declared it to be the duty of Congress to provide additional taxes to meet any expenditures voted in excess of budgeted estimates and to replace any taxes which might be outlawed by the courts. Congress ignored that admonition last session when it voted complete restoration of Federal pay cuts at a date earlier than had been provided for In the budget. Congress ignored it again when it voted complete restoration of the pensions of Spanish War, Philippine Insurrection and Boxer Rebellion veterans. Congress is now in the act of ignoring it again K In respect to the World War veterans’ bonus, which

it Is preparing to pass over an expected presidential veto. And apparently Congress intends to do so once more by enacting a substitute program for AAA expenditures, while making no provision for taxes to take the place of the outlawed processing levies. The only conclusion that can be drawn from these repeated acts of irresponsibility is that Congress doesn't believe the President means w'hat he says. The President, leader of the party in power in both houses of Congress, should correct this misapprehension. If he doesn’t, the voters of the country will be justified in believing it is not a misapprehension. ana ATORE disturbing, this buck-passing has become a three-handed game. The judiciary has entered it. Although the Constitution gives Congress the power to levy taxes and imposes on the executive the duty of collecting those taxes, minor Federal courts began several months ago impounding AAA taxes. And the Supreme Court finished that act of interference last week by ordering the impounded taxes handed over to the processors, despite the fact tlmt ie processors had already passed most, if not all, of the taxes on to the consumers, despite the fact that the government had already obligated itself to pay out those taxes to farmers, and despite the sac, that 14 years ago the Supreme Court ruled that the Federal courts had no power to enjoin the collection of taxes levied by Congress—not even if the taxation was designed to accomplish an unconstitutional end. We are supposed to have a government of checks and balances. Irresponsibility, buck-passing and the encroachment of one branch into the domain of the others can soon make all the checks worthless and all the balances red. THE NEW BRITAIN TT is a groping, slipping, often wavering Britain over which King Edward VIII has been summoned to rule. The next f;ve years may go a long way toward making or breaking his mighty empire. “England since the war has been in the hands of tired, vain old men,” a distinguished Briton said recently. “Most of her grief, at home and abroad, is traceable to that fact. Her leaders refused to break with a past they did not know was dead. “England,” he went on, “jumped an entire generation because the flower of that missing generation now fill graves in Flanders. Those to whom fell the job of running things, therefore, were mostly old men—men with pre-war ideas.” Now, anew crowd is preparing to climb into the saddle—a crowd facing forward, instead of backward —a crowd of whom Capt. Anthony Eden, present foreign minister, is representative. And the new sovereign. Great Britain, therefore, is on the eve of a battle to recapture her former glory.with a young King on her throne whose every tie with the Victorian past was blown to bits by the shellfire which made the world a shambles a couple of decades ago. That “the tired old men” do not represent the England of today and still less the England of tomorrow, may be seen from what happened to the Hoare-Baldwin peace project for the Italo-Ethiopian war. It was rejected by the Edens with such force that it all but overthrew the Tory government then scarcely a fortnight old. a a a IT remains to be seen just what lines the new Britain will take. But three moves are almost certain. First, Britain is expected to take the lead in reorganizing thq peace of Europe, either with the League of Nations as pivot, or by multilateral pacts between herself and the principal powers of the continent. Second, by important moves in the Far East, diplomatic or otherwise. Third, by building the world’s greatest navy, and a great air force, not for purposes of imperialism in the Victorian sense, but to cement her vast empire together, protect it against threatened attack, and bolster its waning prestige. Edward VIII is against balances of power—groups of alliances, offsetting each other—save as a last resort. He is against encircling Germany. He wants Germany inside the new European peace ring if that can be managed. Britain is also uneasy over Japan. Nippon’s naval demands, together with her steady partition of China, are seen as a serious threat to the empire. Britain, therefore, is expected to reach a diplomatic understanding with Japan safeguarding British interests in that part of the world, including Australia, or else make herself strong enough to defend them. a a a THE United States likely will be a factor in Far Eastern developments. Britain may seek a gentlemen’s agreement with regard to the western Pacific—not an alliance—because both soon may be powerless in that area. The post-war peace group in Britain is favorable to a big navy and a large air force. It admits the League can not maintain peace unless mad-dog nations know it will do something besides hold debates when aggressions are committed. The new King is believed to share this view. Economically he is known to hold that* the world can never stage a come-back and abolish universal unemployment untii international trade is freed from its present fetters. It is believed he will encourage revolutionary changes in British industry and in the relations between British capital and labor.

A WOMAN’S VIEWPOINT By Mrs. Walter Ferguson MONEY makes miracles. In Williamsburg, Va., where John D. Rockefeller Jr. has spent millions restoring to its former state one of America's most historic spots, such a miracle has happened. The earth has yielded up buried treasure to excavators, bits of charred china, tarnished silver and rusty brass. Research experts have delved into old books and manuscripts for factual details which architects, woodcarvers and painters have copied. Antiquarians have given of their knowledge and are in a seventh heaven. Replicas of carly-day landmarks, erected upon the actual foundations of original structures, invite us to look at the beginnings of America. King William, Queen Mary, Anne and Elizabeth suddenly come to life in this delightful spot. Christopher Wren is real with the building he designed before our eyes. The Governors of Virginia and their fair ladies are no longer legendary figures when we view their vanished splendor. Strolling in the shadow of the second oldest college in the United States, education is once more of vital importance. What has become of all the culture, the graciousness and dignity that marked colonial living, we must ask ourselves? Its memory lingers here, like the faint aroma of roses after the blooms have gone, but has its imprint been set upon modern America? That we must doubt. Feeble stirrings of our British heritage are aroused within us on this spot, a nostalgia for our remote and noble past. Whatever happens, the Rockefeller restoration of WilL'amsburg must be regarded as |& impressive gift to tie American people.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Squaring The Circle With • THE HOOSIER EDITOR

TJORTRAIT of a cold morning: i Two Butler University men I met in a little “owl restaurant” at ! 4:30 on sub-zero yesterday morn- | ing. One of them could hardly walk, Ihe had so many clothes on. They were about to deliver papers, which they do daily before school. “What have you got on?” the one who was more conservatively dressed asked. “Well,” the other said, a bit sheepishly, “my long underwear and two pairs of pants, pop’s sweater, my brother’s slicker, my sister’s scarf and my pajamas.” Then he ordered coffee and doughnuts. He was told ihat the doughnuts had arrived but were not presentable. They were still frozen. “What you got on?” he asked the other. “Well,” the other said, “I’ve got my girl’s scarf, my hunting clothes, pop’s gloves and I’m driving pop’s car. My own wouldn’t start.” He sipped his coffee. “Good.” he said, “then I’ll ride down with you to get the papers. I hear we don’t have to go to school today. Personally, I don’t care how long it takes to deliver these papers today.” a a a A MILK delivery truck driver, ***■ who had made a professional stop and remained as a refugee from the bitterness, chimed in: “I don’t aim to freeze to death. If I get too cold, I’m going to stop in some place and let that milk crack the bottles. It’s frozen before you can put it on the step, anyway.” The bakery man, who delivered the frozen doughnuts, and who remained for a cup of coffee, pointed out that he, personally, wouldn’t eat any pastry that day because pastry is touchy about being too cold. a a a 'T'HE restaurant man grumbled that he had taken' in only $4 since 8 the night before and that not even trucks were running. The Butler boys got up, paid up and were about to leave. The chubby one (the one with his pajamas on) hesitated, turned to the counter man and said: “Have you got any grease? I forgot to put some on my lips.” From the kitchen the cook yelled: “I’ve got some lard; will that do?” The fat boy rubbed his lips ruefully, “Well,” he said, “I guess it will,” and he started for the kitchen. He emerged in a minute. The two left, got in the car and sputtered away. The bakery man paid up and left. Another milk man came in singing, “In the Good Ol’ Summer Time.” a a a THE waiter sat down near the radiator. “Darned near froze to death all night. Might as well have been closed, as much business as we did.’ No one spoke. Then a street car approached, the first in an hour and 15 minutes, and three who had been waiting for it left, their breath creating a peasouper. I was one that left, so I don’t know what happened there after that. a a a ■pvOWNTOWN, all the standard sidewalk clocks people use to i,?e how late they are to work were frozen and stopped. All the windows, through which people look at clocks when they are afraid they are late, were frozen opaque. The only way a humble employe knew he was late was to glance at his boss’ stare, which also was, likely as not, frozen.

OTHER OPINION Hits Internationalists [The Sullivan Times] George N. Peek, first AAA administrator and later head of the Export-Import Bank, blossoms forth in The Country Home with an attack on internationalists who he charges “fumble along while we lose trade to foreign nations and suffer serious trade and financial Invasions by aliens.” The American point of view and the world trend toward economic self-sufficiency, Peek maintains, both call for “a national policy that will be for America and not for foreign nations.” He reviews facts on the foreign trade situation he says he uncovered under orders of President Roosevelt and which he implies the Administration refused to face. Peek left the Administration recently, it is indicated, because of disagreement over views he expresses now in detail for the first time. Mr. Peek reveals that it is his belief if we had the nerve to announce to the world that after a given date the United States would accept no goods from abroad, except subject to truly reciprocal trade agreements previously arranged, other nations •would stand in line to get such reciprocal agreements and to buy our goods in order to preserve their place in the American market.''

SKIDDING INTO ETERNITY

"-Af*Vr - r T rf I r-llt., 1. - - - -SCgC*'

The Hoosier Forum 1 wholly disapprove of what you say—and will defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Make vour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to SSO words or less. Your letter must he signed, hut names will he withheld on reouest.) a a a EXPRESSES HIS DISGUST FOR SUPREME COURT By Hiram Lackey To the wise at Washington: Mr. Roosevelt, we the people understand that you and Congress are waiting to observe our reaction to the fact that “the six old men” have proved themselves incompetent, to govern America. Frankly, we are disgusted with this ox-cart division of our government. In fact we loathe the blindness of this nation-old menace to American progress—our chronic Supreme Court politicians who are determined to rule or ruin. We want to see a red-blooded American fight against this stronghold of intrenched greed. We want to see that invincible American spirit that dared to do the impossible at Argonne forest. We want you to make your names immortal by mowing down this mountain of social inertia. a a a DIVORCE COURT FROM POLITICS, IS PLEA By Ferry Rule, Brinsrhurst It is a consensus that the New Deal decisions will stifle the onward march of prosperity and that court decisions are influenced by political biases rather than constitutional provisions. It is also the consenus that the Constitution does not need amending as badly as the Supreme Court needs to be removed from partisan politics. Those who have 'sought their fortunes in politics should not be permitted to sit upon the bench. a a a POINTS TO MESSAGE DR. KAGAWA BRINGS By Frank Nelson, Lakewood. O. It would seem that with the recognition and sympathy of President Roosevelt toward the coming of the famed Toyohiko’Kagawa into

Questions and Answers

Incloss a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing; any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Home Service Bureau, 1013 Thirtkenthst, N. W.. Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice can not be given, not can extended research be undertaken. Q—What is the official meaning of the red, white and blue colors of the American flag/ A—ln an official document, issued by the United States State Department, giving the history of the Great Seal of the United States, it is explained that white signifies purity and innocence; red, hardiness and valor; and blue, vigilance, perseverance and justice. Q—What is suction? A—The creation of a partial vacuum which is immediately filled with a gas or liquid that is pushed into it by the surrounding pressure. Q—Where and what is the Arnold Arboretum? A—lt is located at Jamaica Plain, Boston, Mass., and was established in 1872. The land is owned by the city of Boston and the arboretum is controlled by the president and fellows of Harvard University as trustees. It covers 260 acres and contains 6536 Species and varieties of trees, shrubs and vines belonging tc 339 genera. It includes specimens of all species known to be native to northern United States east of the Rocky Mountains. There is a herbarium with about 360.000 specimens and a library of about 500.00 volumes and pamphlets. More than 17,000 photograph are on file; also a collection of woods of North American trees. Q —Give the word for “yes” in Italian, Spanish, Hawaiian, Dutch and Russian. A—ltalian, si; Spanish, si; Ha-

this country, there might be an occasional opportunity for your publication to present in your editorial columns a favorable treatment of the matter which Dr. Kagawa has in his heart to bring to the attention of Americans, namely: the Co-operative Movement, which is an integral part of his more comprehensive Kingdom of God Movement for which he is better known the world over. . I wonder if it is clearly understood what is meant by the Cooperative Movement? I find in many quarters, especially when the name “Co-operation” is used in connection with religious ’ enterprises, there is an erroneous notion that this new and altruistic sounding word applies only to matters pertaining to church union and cooperation. This is not strictly the case, although the ultimate goal of the Co-operative Movement, it is hoped, may be to bring together all churches, races and creeds into such a harmonious fellowship that the matter of church union will automatically follow. The gist of the Co-operative Movement, however, is sharing. By sharing, I mean the erection of a system whereby the benefits of gainful occupation may be enjoyed by all. It is not a “share-the-wealth” scheme, but rather a “share-the-income” plan whereby the consumer and the producer join hands in a method to conserve the income from industry and agriculture by keeping it under their own control and management. It is designed to remedy the failure of our present system, namely, distribution. As someone has said, “Capitalism has been able to produce, but it has not been able to deliver the goods.” The Co-operative Movement does not oppose the capitalistic system. It only aims at its evils. The trouble with our capitalistic system is that there are so few capitalists. We really don’t have capitalism. “When,” according to Secretary of Agriculture Wallace’s statement to the Union League of New York recently, “36,000 families at the top of the wealth structure received as much income as 11,000,000 families

waiian, ai (pronounced like the letter “1”; Dutch, ja; Russian, da. Q—What is a millwright? A—One whose occupation is to build mills or to set up their machinery; specifically, a workman who erects shafting, moves machinery, cares for belting, in short, installs machinery or machine tools in any shop, plant or factory. Q—Can crows, magpies and other birds be taught to speak if their tongues are split? A—The United States Biological Survey' says that the popular belief that splitting the tongues of certain birds will enable them to speak words is without foundation, and the practice is barbarous. Crows, magpies, bluejays, brown thrashers and some other birds often learn to articulate words and sentences. Crows and magpies in particular can be taught to talk almost as well as parrots, but their ability to do so is not affected by an operation of the tongue. Q —Are the words affidavit and deposition synonymous? A—No. Q —What is the mirror test to determine if a person is living or dead? A—A mirror is held close to the face and if it is clouded by mist on account; of the moisture in the breath, the person is alive. Q—Who was Pontiac? A—An Ottawa Indian chief, born about 1720. He was one of the most remarkable men of the Indian race in American history, possessing a commanding energy and force of mind combined with subtlety and craft, and a power of organization. In 1769 he was murdered by a Kaskaskia Indian at Cahokia, 111. His death occasioned a bitter war among the Indians, and the Illinois group was all but annihilated by his avengers. _

’at the bottom,” how can we call such a system capitalism, except for the few who are at the top”? Perhaps there are “more than 2 per cent of the people who own 85 per cent of the wealth,” as Mr. Ford's affable and likewise affluent broadcaster, Mr. Cameron, says (to the tune of his delightful and generously paid symphony orchestra), out surely this is no defense of capitalism. Even if there were 50 per cent who owned this percentage of wealth, we would still not have capitalism. The Co-operative Movement envisions the day when “every one is a capitalist” in the true sense of the term. KING AND POET BY THOMAS E. HALSEY Great seas are calm and hushed, today, That erstwhile gaily charged the reef. The winds have silenced from their play To chant a hymn of world-wide grief. The distance that had formed a breach Between the peoples of our sphere Diminishes, that all may reach Our neighbors so in need of cheer. And, yet, what can be said or done That might give solace, when we know All men who walk beneath the sun Are staggered by this fatal blow That took a kind and gracious King Who won his fellows, great and small; And Kipling who has lived to sing His lilting lyrics to us all. With England, this deep grief we share; The seas, the winds and silent space Are standing by to catch our prayer: “May God grant His sustaining grace!” DAILY THOUGHTS YOU read of but one wise man, and all that he knew was—that he knew nothing.—Congreve. A*fool also is full of words: a man can not tell what shall be: and what shall be after him, who can tell him?—Solomon’s Song 10:14.

SIDE GLANCES

“It’s Aunt Martha! Run out and keep her on the porch, while I bring out that floor lamp she gave us for Christp>as.”

-JAN. 24, 1936

Your. .. Health By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

rvURING hard times, there is a tendency to save on food. This, decidedly, is poor economy, because the right foods are so essential to health. Do not assume, however, that you must overeat to be healthy . Particularly you do not have to overeat in winter to provide- your body with excess heat. The amount of heat in our bodies Is regulated by physical means, and is controlled more by the amount of heat lost than by the quantity of food taken in. People who live without clothing have to develop more heat than others, because they lose more heat from the surfaces of their bodies. Cramming the stomach to produce an increased amount of heat is, therefore, a serious error. Eskimos consume great quantities of fat, but they have a different problem from that which concerns people who live in temperatures that ‘.seldom go below zero. And don’t undereat! Starvation is bad for the human body. When food is withheld, the whole chemistry of our body changes. a a a THE fat is drawn on to supply energy, heat is lost, temperature regulation is difficult and after a sufficiently long time, mental changes occur. Food faddists say that fasting clears the blood, but scientific studies show that there is a rise in the non-protein nitrogen of the blood, a decrease in chlorides and an increase in bicarbonates during fasting. It is obvious. * therefore, that neither overeating nor near-starva-tion is advisable and that the eating of just the right quantity of food is most valuable for health. You know. too. that you can control your weight by controling the quantity of body-building materials that you take in. In doing this, however, it is necessary also to make certain that essential food substances are included in the diet. Don’t eat to overcome fatigue. When you are tired, your body needs a chance to recuperate. It is not advisable to gulp great quantities of food at such time: neither is it wise to over-stimulate the body with drinks or drugs to overcoma fatigue. There Is just one proper treatment for fatigue—rest. TODAY’S SCIENCE BY SCIENCE SERVICE OF all the things which man takes for granted in life, air is probably the most unconsidered. Only in the last 300 years have scientists slowly learned what are air’s characteristics. It is no longer the imponderable substance the ancients thought it was. The air in an average room, for example, weighs in the neighborhood of 169 pounds. The air one, breathes during a day weighs more than the food one eats in the same time. And a cubic foot of air weighs slightly more than a letter the Postoffice will carry for three cents. Dr. L. H. Roller, research scientist of the General Electric Cos., is authority for these facts. No single substance is air. More than a dozen gases are found in appreciable proportions in it. Nitrogen makes up 78 per cent of the total. Oxygen, life gas of animals and man, totals 21 per cent. All the remaining constituents comprise the final 1 per cent. In the 1 per cent group are carbon dioxide, water vapor, hydrogen and five rare inert gases, helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon, with traces of the gas randon produced when radium disintegrates. a a a WORKING with the trades, industry, Dr. Roller points out, now extracts two of the rare gases and finds use for them. Argon is employed to fill the common incandescent light bulb. And neon is best known for the red glow it produces in advertising signs. Helium finds use in inflating airships but it is more cheaply and easily extracted from the earth in gas wells than from the atmosphere. After oxygen, used by man. and carbon dioxide, used by plants, the water vapor in the air is probably the most important constituent. In. the average room on a humid hot summer day there is about three pounds of water vapor present; or about a quart and a half.

By George Clark