Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 253, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 December 1935 — Page 10

PAGE 10

NEW CHAPTER IN ANNALS OF U. S. GOVERNMENT WRITTEN BY NATION’S HIGHEST COURT New Deal Upset on NR A During* 1935, but Successful in Gold Suits; State Department Toils to Shape Peace Policy By 1 nil'd Pr> ss WASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—The national spotlight, centered steadily on Congress and the White House during the first two years of the New Deal, fell in 1935 upon the United States Supreme Court and the field of foreign relations.

For the first time since President Roosevelt took office events in the foreign affairs field overshadowed at times the domestic recovery drive. And while Congress put what were generally regarded as the finishing touches on the New Deal legislative p#t>gram, even this task took second place on the sensational battle being waged before the Supreme Court to establish the constitutionality of major New Deal enactments. The Supreme Court, thrust suddenly into the limelight as it began consideration of legislation passed by the New Deal to meet problems of the emergency, was carried in the course of the year to what may prove a crossroads in its history. Vital Cases Pending At the beginning of 1935 the court had under consideration a section of the National Industrial Recovery Act allowing the President to bar shipments of 'hot oil" in interstate commerce. The court outlawed this delegation of power as improper but the defect was partially overcome in new legislation. The adverse ruling prompted a flood of suits over other New 7 Deal law's which reached a climax in the gold cases. After weeks of deliberation, the court upheld the government. It was almost the only victory scored by the administration before the tribunal in the year. The court outlawed the NRA and all its vast machinery in a sweeping opinion which seemed insurmountable in the enactment of remedial legislation. At the same time the court outlawed the Frazier-Lemke farm mortgage moratorium act. New cases involving the AAA, the TV A and the Bankhead Cotton control act face a court test. They were argued in December and probably will be decided about Jan. 13. Because of the popularity of the farm program and the basic constitutional questions involved the AAA case w 7 as felt to involve issues of almost unprecedented proportions. State Department Burdened The State Department finished the year with the heaviest load of foreign problems handled in any year since the World War. The problems practically all piled up during the latter half of 1935. During the first six months the State Department did little except launch negotiations for a number of trade treaties. During the last quarter of the year State Department officials made history. They shattered national and international precedents, and pointed the course of the American nation toward anew goal in its iclat on toward war, and toward other nations. In point rf national and international importance, State Department officials consider the following were most outstanding: 1. The administration's reciprocal trade program, aimed at a general reduction of world tariffs and other artificial obstacles to the free flow of foreign trade. 2. The Administration's neutrality policy, designed to keep the United States out of foreign w 7 ars by forbidding, outright, American trade In arms, ammunition and implements of w 7 ar, and discouraging all other abnormal trade w r ith belligerent nations, was put into effect. Historic Policy Waived Support of this government was withdrawn from American ships attempting to trade wuth ports of belligerent countries. The principle of freedom of the seas was waived in tb's particular instance of the Italo-EL.iopian war. they said, but this carried no intimation that the same course must or would necessarily be followed in other or future w 7 ars. The close of the year found an American delegation laboring in a London naval conference and attempting to renew or revise the Washington and London naval treaties, without much hope of success. Japan's insistence upon parity with the United States and Great Britain and Britain's desire to build more cruisers, together with general political complications in Europe and the Far East, had practically reconciled officials here to renewed naval building by all principal powers. The near-break of diplomatic relations with Soviet Russia as a result of the Soviets' failure to agree upon a settlement of American debts and claims against Russia, and the anti-American activities of the semi-official Third International Communist Congress, was another development of major importance. In keeping with the number of international problems under consideration, the United States during 1935 spent about $1,000,000,000 for national defense, involving a huge naval construction program to bring the American Navy to treaty strength by 1942. and an increase of more than 50,000 in the strength of the reg aar army. Reform Program Completed Congress centered attention on completing the vast economic and reform program of the New Deal. The first session of the 74th Congress was in session for nearly eight months. Among the legislation passed: 1. The social security act. laying the groundwork for a potential $5 000,000.000 annual tax and appropriation program to start old age and unemployment security to 25,000.000 Americans. 2. The tax-the-rich-bill—to raise annually $300,000,000 from increased estate taxes, higher income levies—-

placed on wealthy individuals and corporations. 3. The utility control act —giving the government control over utilities to the point where unnecessary holding companies eventually may be written out of existence, passed after one of the bitterest Congressional fights of recent years. 4. The banking act—revamping the Federal Reserve system so that the Administration will have a larger degree of control, and making credit flow easier. .5. The neutrality act—a tentative measure making mandatory embargoes on shipment of war materials to belligerent nations and designed to keep the United States out of war. 6. The $4,880,000,000 work relief bill turning over to the President broad authority to cope with the unemployment problem, and designed to provide sufficient relief funds for two years. 7. The Wagner Labor relations act —called by organized labor its Magna Charta and giving a Federal board sweeping powers over certain industries to force collective bargaining rights. 8. The Guffey coal bill, establishing Federal control over the long stagnant bituminous coal industry. Relief Agencies Taxed Passage of the $4,000,000,000 work relief program provided governmental relief agencies with their greatest task. Federal dole costs had mounted to $5.000,000-a-day by January, 1935, with 20,500,000 persons dependent on the government for a livelihood. Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes’ $3,300,000,000 public works program, designed to make jobs by rejuvenating the heavy goods industry, had failed to show employment gains anticipated. President Roosevelt turned to Relief Administrator Harry L. Hopkins to lift the New Deal out of the reiief dilemma. He gave him $4,000,000,000 and instructions to end direct relief by making work for 3,500,00C needy. Hopkins brought his jobs’ drive to a peak on Dec. 1. He liquidated the Federal Emergency Relief Administration on that date, announcing “all the nation's employable needy are working.” Labor Backs New 7 Deal During 1935 labor and the New Deal cemented their friendship with passage of legislation lGng advocated by organized labor and with a growing spirit of co-operation. John L. Lew'is, president of the United Mine Workers of America, was especially close to the White House. At the request of President Roosevelt he thrice postponed scheduled strikes of bituminous coal miners on promises of support for the Guffey bill. The greatest internal dispute within the American Federation of Labor in half a century w 7 as climaxed by the resignation of Lewis as vice-president of the A. F. of L. and the formation of a committee for industrial organization under his leadership. Administration financial policies in 1935 were believed to have laid the base for a passible widespread credit inflation through swelling bank deposits and mounting idle funds of banks. Continued heavy Federal spending which carried the public debt to another record high above $30,500,000,000 as well as the government's huge gold and silver purchases in the w 7 orld markets provided basis for possible credit expansion. This problem, together with indications of new Congressional demands for monetary inflation and payment of the $2,200,000,000 soldier bonus, faced administration fiscal authorities as they mapped their 1936 program. Debt Exceeds 30 Billion Treasury financing during the year lesulted in a turnover of billions of dollars. With government expenditures continuing to exceed outgo, it was necessary to borrow approximately $2,000,000,000 in "new" money. These borrowings pushed the debt above $30,500,000,000. During these borrowings the treasury also refunded maturing obligations at lower rates of interest. Along with these credit and monetary policies, the treasury continued its financial aid for banks, business, homes and farms. By the end of October wholly and partly owned government agencies were lending a total of $8,317,766,579. The lives of 3.000,000 American farmers were affected by President Roosevelt's announcement this year that agricultural adjustment would become permanent. This, he said, would involve maintaining and increasing the gains already made and broadening present operations to give farmers greater incentives for conservation and efficient use of soil resources. Developing its program along the lines of the President's *:inouncement during the last half of 1935. the AAA instituted the "regional approach." by which crop reduction programs will be modified so as to permit changes in crops and degree of cultivation to fit different areas. Cash farm income for 1935 was expected to be about $6,800,000,000. compared with $6,267,000,000 in 1934. Good prices in the summer averaged about 80 per cent of the 1928 level, compared with 60 per cent in 1933. All farm commodities sold for about 6 per cent more than before the war. while prices of things the farmer bought were 26 per cent above the pre-war level. Sponsor Dance Saturday Masonic Temple Boosters are to sponsor a dance in the Cumberland Community Building Saturday night. The public is invited.

Right Up to the Minute, Those Dionnes!

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Modern to the last degree are those Dionne quintuplets. Nothing less than streamlined scooters would do for them. Yvonne is down giving yo-heave-ho to hers, while bright-eyed Annette lets her little pink tongue stick right out in a gesture that says, ‘ Oh, gee, isn't it fun to play and play with your Christmas toys.

Not So Happy Then there’s the case of the Jockey Club Tavern, 3215 E. Michigan-st, which had stocked up on liquor, wine and other things for the happy New Year's Eve party tonight. When Lewis Tilson, owner, came to work this morning he found that burglars had taken all the liquor and wine, valued at $265, in addition to $4.50 in cash and the money from the marble machines.

TRAINMAN KILLED AS ENGINE STRIKES HIM Meredith Bruce, 64, Is Accident Victim. Meredith Bruce, of 1815 Wood-lawn-av, Indianapolis Union Railway Cos. trainman, was struck early today by a Pennsylvania lines engine at tracks near S, Senateav, and killed. He was 64. The body was carried on the tender trucks for 240 feet, then fell to the tracks. It was five minutes after he was struck before he was found. The train which struck him was in charge of Benjamin Schaffer, conductor, 304 N. Tacoma-av, and John Cooney, engineer, 310 lowast. Mr. Bruce’s wife died in 1929. He is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Charles Fisher, Hillsboro, Ind.

Committee of A. A. U. P. Asks Action Against Pitt Request School Be Put on Ineligible List Is Based on Dismissal of Four Professors, Investigation Findings. By l nited Press ST. LOUIS, Mo., Dec. 31.—The American Association of University Professors today voted unanimously to oust University of Pittsburgh from its eligible list because of discharge of professors for alleged “irreligious teachings.” By United Press ST. LOUIS. Mo., Dec. 31.—Recommendation that the University of Pittsburgh be placed on the ineligible list of the American Association of University Professors was made to that organization today by its committee on academic freedom and tenure.

CORN-HOG CONTRACT DRAFTED BY GROUPS Officers of Four Counties Meet at Shelbyville. Time* Special SHELBYVILLE. Ind., Dec. 31. Directors and officers of corn-hog associations from Shelby, Johnson, Bartholomew and Marion Counties met at the Farmers’ National Bank here today to outline the 1936-37 corn-hog contract. In attempting to iron out harmful market fluctuations by providing for a balance between the corn and hog production and market demands, the new contract is to offer the farmer a greater opportunity for a fair return for his products; a corn and hog basis that will allow sound farm management, prices and sufficient flexibility to permit individual farm operating adjustments. The contract also is to bring an increase in hog production for the consumer, it is said. Shelby County corn-hog officers are Maurice Douglas, chairman; D. C. Pfendler, P. R. Gordon, Elmer Amos and C. F. Young. CARS IN GOOD REPAIR SHOW SHARP INCREASE Class I Railroads Have 252,316 Carriers Ready for Service. Times Special WASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—Class I railroads on Nov. 30 had 252,316 surplus freight cars in good repair and immediately available for service. the Association of American Railroads announced today. This was an increase of 19.623 cars compared with the number of such cars on Nov. 14. at which time there were 232.688 surplus freight cars. Surplus coal cars on Nov. 30 totaled 64.937. an increase of 3892 cars above the previous period, while surplus box cars totaled 143.013. an increase of 9095 cars compared with Nov. 14.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

YEAR PLEASES DIONNE QUINS Gain 10 Pounds Each and Increase Estate to About $250,000. By United Press CALLANDER, Ont., Dec. 31. The Dionne quintuplets today were able to look back over 1935 with considerable satisfaction. They were in the best physical condition in their lives, they were comparitively wealthy and they were the “wards of the king.” During the year they gained an average of 10 pounds each. They did their first walking last month. Between them they managed 47 teeth, with Marie and Yvonne cutting 10 each and the others nine each. Events in the quintuplets’ year included: March 9—Annette -won the honor of cutting the first tooth. March 25—A kidnap plot against them was reported. March 27 They were made “wards of the king” by an act drawn up by the Ontario government to prevent exploitation. April 20—They were ill with head colds. May 28—They celebrated their first birthday, receiving hundreds of presents, and were featured in an international radio hook-up. Dec. 4—They started work on their first full-length motion picture for which they received $50,000, bringing their estate to an estimated $250,000.

The action was based on the dismissal of four professors on grounds of alleged “irreligious teachings,” and findings of an investigating committee that the city of Pittsburgh presented "ruthless materialism and a symbiotic relation” between wealth and the church. Coupled with the committee's recommendation, already approved by the governing council of the A. A. U. P., was a stinging rebuke to the action of 22 states which require teachers’ oaths of loyalty to the Constitution. "Loyalty is something one lives, not something one professes, in spite of views to the contrary held by misguided patriots and owners of low-class newspapers,” the report asserted. "The tyranny of public opinion in a democracy may become as dangerous as the absolutism of the despot.” four professors involved in the ousters were Dr. Ralph E. Tinner, Dr. Colston Warne, Professor Frederick K. Beutel and Professor Frederick Woltman. During a legislative committee investigation of the Beutel ouster, Mr. Beutel testified that at Pitt a man was lucky to get published an article which doesn’t disturb a Pittsburgh industrialist.” s Institutions already on the the A. A. U. p. s ineligible list include De Pauw University. Beaten, Collector Says „ Frank _, Wilson, a bill collector appeared at City Hospital this morning for treatment of several vounds he said were inflicted bv a man in a downtown store from whom he tried to collect. _ He wouldn’t say any more about it.

Established 1868 L. M. Brown Abstract Cos. 321-33 Lemcke Bldg. Abstracts of Title and Title Insurance Escrows Phone Lincoln 8518

Surprise! Indianapolis police today were faced with a mystery within a mystery. In 1929 someone holding up the Indiana Market at 3520 College-av, shot and killed Ephim Watts, a merchant policeman. The police files on the killing contain everything but any mention of the identity of the killer, it was the only homicidal holdup in Indianapolis that year. Today they received from the New York police department a telegram saying they are holding a man local police want for a homicidal slaying in 1929. Police are looking into it.

CITY FILES SUIT TO RECOVER $200,000 Complaint Says $63,900 Lost When Bank Failed. Suit on file today in Circuit Court, on behalf of the city of Indianapolis, seeks to recover $200,000 from the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Cos., and the Glen Falls Indemnity Cos., as the bonding companies for Clyde E. Robinson, former County Treasurer. The complaint alleges that Mr. Robinson deposited $63,900 in city funds in the City Trust Cos. during his term of office and that the money subsequently was lost when the bank failed. The action also declares that the City Trust Cos. had not been named as a public depository when the treasurer, who, by virtue of his office served also as city treasurer, deposited the money. Judgment of SIOO,OOO is sought from each bonding company. HOOSIER FOX HUNTERS TO USE ONLY CLUBS Firearms and Dogs Barred By Hartford City Group. Times Special HARTFORD CITY, Ind.. Dec. 31. —Fox hunters armed only with clubs were ready today for a New Year’s hunt through a broad section of southwestern Blackford County. Organized by Mike Reidy, the hunt is to begin at 9:30 tomorrow morning when participants assemble at three places to elect captains. They are to assemble later for an auction sale of their catches. Firearms and dogs will be prohibited, Mr. Reidy declared. He added that farmers in the vicinity designated for the chase have reported seeinb several foxes during the recent months. Times Special NOBLESVILLE, Ind., Dec. 31.—A fox drive, centering on the farm of Ora Powell, northwest of here, will be held tomorrow. No guns will be permitted, and hunters are to be armed only with clubs and noisemaking devices. Elkhart Judge Succumbs By United Press ELKHART. Ind.. Dec. 31.—William B. Hile, 64, -who served 12 years as Elkhart Superior Court judge, died here today after a long illness.

A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS 1936 “Everything in Truck Equipment” Allied Truck Equipment Cos. E. J. Herrman, President 906 N. Senate Ave. RI. 6596

ASIA ON VERGE ! OF EXPLOSION, WORLD FEARS Future of Far East at Stake in Manchuria, Simms Reports. BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripos-Howard Forrirn F.ditor WASHINGTON. Dec. 31.—Titanic forces, involving the destiny of at least three nations with nearly half the population of the globe, are described in semi-official advices received here today as speeding toward a catastrophic collision. The three nations are China, Japan and the Soviet Union. Their populations total approximately 800.000.000. But the future of all Asia is involved in the drama now being enacted. The political assassinations in China, the Japanese moves to set up autonomous buffer states in North China and inner ond outer Mongolia, and the almost daily clash of outposts along the farflung Siberian, Mongolian or Man- ! churian frontiers, are seen as mere surface indications of far graver trouble ahead. For the moment the three powers are playing desperately for the control of a vast segment of central Asia, stretching from Tientsin almost to Samarkand—an area as large as the United States. Japan Flings Charges Already Nippon is in control of Korea, Manchuria, Jehol and Chahar. Step by step she is tenaciously driving a wedge westward between the Soviet Union and China by fostering “independence” movements in inner Mongolia. North China and regions westward toward Chinese Turkestan. Avowedly her purpose is to create a chain of autonomous buffer | states to check the eastward drive of Communism. Her spokesmen told this writer that Japan fears the Soviet Union is repeating what Czarist Russia did between 1895 and 1904. Czarist Russia’s occupation of Manchuria led to the Russo-Jap-anese war of 1904. Now, Japanese charge, Soviet Russia is pushing into Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and outer and inner Mongolia, and they fear the same result. To substantiate the charge, semi-official Japanese sources within the area in question have provided me with maps and data purporting to give the details of railway construction of a decidedly strategic character.

New Lines Being Built One new line under construction, approximately 630 miles long, is from Vernke-Udinsk to Urga (Ulan Bator). Urga is the capital of outer Mongolia, a region already supposed to be under Soviet influence. A second line, 1250 miles long, is from Semipalatinsk, north of Chinese Turkestan; to Uliasutai, in outer Mongolia. Presumably this railway eventually will be extended to Urga. Three other lines, ranging from 250 miles long to 450, branch oJ eastward from the Novo-Sibirsk-Samarkand iTurk-Sib) trunk-line to the border of Chinese Turkestan. These railways, Japanese army officers declare, would be of the utmost Importance to Soviet Russia in a conflict with Nippon. Russians Give Their Side Russians, on the other hand, confess equal anxiety. Not only have the Japanese completed a network of new railroads and highways throughout Manchuria and Jehol, but they are now taking over control of the routes from China and Manchukuo to Urga. By her occupation of Manchuria, Nippon has driven Russia’s strategic frontier back to Lake Baikal, 200 miles inland from the Pacific. Should she gain control of Urga, even the Baikal line would be menaced. If the trans-Siberian were cut at Lake Baikal, Eastern Siberia would have to face Japan with only such resources as that region boasts. The only other way the Russians could get at the Japanese would be from the direction of Russian Turkestan. Hence the supreme importance of the new railways running eastward

• Putting Our Best Foot Forward £or the New Year • It is our most fervent desire that each and every one of you may have a splendid start, with accumulative success and triumph during the coming year of 1936. In other words, for the 51st time we of the Marott Shoe Store wish you a Happy and Prosperous New Year!

A YOUNG HERO

*ss jBF p|^ 1 I

Edward Resener Jr.. 14, awakened at 4 this morning, choked, and fell to the floor, overcome with coal gas from the baseburner in his home. 2147 N. De Quiney-st. His father heard him fall, arose to investigate, and fell too. Both eventually regained consciousness and opened the windows in the home, allowing the gas to escape. Members of the family not affected by the gas but whose lives probably were saved by the boy and his father are Robert, 11; Pauline. 6; Edith Louise, 5. and Mrs. Marie Resener, the mother.

OLDEST ACTIVE SOLDIER QUITS Sergt. John Hoover, 69, Served U. S. for 30 Years. Sergt. John Hoover, 69, oldest man in active service in the United States Army, was retired today at Fort Benjamin Harrison after serving his country “honorably and faithfully” for more than 30 years. More than 1400 men of the 11th infantry passed in review as Sergt. Hoover, standing at attention with head erect, listened to his commanding officer read the order which sent him once more into civilian life. Col. G. V. Strong, commnading officer of the 11th infantry, formally mustered Mr. Hoover out of the army and wished him “happiness, long life and long service in the field of industry.” The ceremony was a marked contrast to that which attended his enlistment 46 years ago at an obscure recruiting station at Union, O. He served in the cavalry, infantry and the headquarters corps in Puerto Rico, the Philippines, the Canal Zone and in France. Sergt. Hoover has vivid memories of his service with Gen. John J. Pershing in the World War and of Spanish-American War service. He has a gold Medal of Honor for the latter and the Liberty Medal from the world conflict. into outer Mongolia from the TurkSib trunkline. By organizing North China and inner Mongolia into “autonomius” anti-Soviet buffer states, the Japanese hope to checkmate the menace from that direction. In all this the Chinese seem powerless. Japan is disposing of Chinese territory to suit her own political, territorial or strategic requirements. But within China antiJapanese sentiment is mounting. The assassination of pro-Japanese Chinese is proof of this. Nanking may yet be driven into an alliance with Russia to make common cause against the danger both fear. The future of Russia-in-Asia, of China and of Japan depends upon i the outcome of these vast forces! now gathering strength against the day of an eventual liquidation.

ATKINS S From a little one-story frame building in 1857 to a great Indianapolis institution, housed in fifteen modern buildings covering ten acres is the brief outline of our 79-year history. Today every kind of saw from tiny blades one-eighth inch wide, tour inches long with teeth so fine they are hardly visible, to large band saws eighteen inches wide, sixty-five .feet long are made by craftsmen and shipped in increasing numbers to every port of the world. Our success is due to our thousands of customers so it is with a feeling of sincere appreciation that we wish one and all a Happy and Prosperous New Year. 1857-1936 E. C. ATKINS & COMPANY Manufacturers of Sates, Saw Tools, Machine Knives, Grinding Wheels, Files, Specialties 402 S. Illinois Sf. Indianapolis, Ind.

.DEC. 31, 1930

ANNUAL REPORT SHOWS GAIN IN MOB LYNCHINGS 20 Occur in Nation During Year Compared With 15 in 1934. ■ By United Press TUSKEGEE. Ala . Dec. 30 There have been 20 lynchings in ! the nation this year compared with 15 last year, according to the annual report of Tuskegee Institute, Negro college. All but one of the lynchings occurred in the South That one occurred in Califorina. Mississippi had seven lynchings, more than any other state. Louisiana had four. Georgia. Florida and Texas had two each: North Carolina and Tennessee one each. "Two of the persons lynched were white and 18 Negro." F. D. Patterson. head of the school, said: “Thirj teen of these persons were in the hands of the law. Five were taken from jails: six were taken from officers outside of jails, and two were shot to death in a jail. Offenses Listed "The alleged offenses were: Murder. seven; attempted rape, three; rape, three; altercation with man, one; activity in share-cropper organization. one; killed by mob in search of another person, one; slapping a woman, one; Communistic activity, op; attacking person, one; taking a prisoner from an officer of the law, one. "A total of 84 persons, 17 white and 67 Negro, were saved from death at the hands of moos. There were 53 instances were officers prevented lynchings. Nine of these were in northern and western states and 44 in southern states. "In 42 instances prisoners were removed, guards augmented or other precautions taken. In the II used to repel the would-be lynchers.” Tlire were 28 lynchings in 1933 ; and eight in 1932. PNEUMONIA CONFINES COPPS TO HOSPITAL Speedway Press Agent Improved, Says Report From Miami. Joe Copps, publicity man who I handles all news of the annual In- ! dianapolis Motor Speedway race, is | ill with pneumonia in a Miami | <Fla.) hospital, friends here learned ! today. Mr. Copps’ condition is im- | proved but he probably will be confined to the hospital several weeks. He also is director of publicity for Miami Beach and. during the last ! few months, has handled several | publicity jobs in Chicago and New York, including the national billiard tournament in Chicago last month. STATE STUDENTS GIVEN HONOR BY OHIO GROUP Reserve Officers Confer Memberships on University Seniors. Times Special CINCINNATI. O. Dec. 31. Through its local office the Reserve Officers’ Association has conferred one-year honorary memberships upon Carl E. Grinstead, Marion, and James F. Smythe, Peru, Ind. Both are seniors in engineering at the University of Cincinnati and ranked as cadet officers in the Reserve officers’ Training Corps. CITY OFFICE DAMAGED Engineer’s Quarters in Disorder; Part of Ceiling Falls. City Engineering office employes today surveyed damage done to their office yesterday when a large section of ceiling fell, narrowly missing two employes. The falling plaster was caused by a refrigerator leak in the Health Board laboratory on the floor above