Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 246, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 December 1935 — Page 16

PAGE 16

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) RGY W. HOWARD President LCD WELL DENNY Editor EARL D. BAKER Business Manager

Give lAoht and the Propie Mill Find Their Own Hoy

MONDAY. DECEMBER 23, 1&35.

NO SECURITY SANTA CLAUS /GENEVA seems destined to hear some of the frankest talk ever to echo through her marble . halls of peace. The great dream of Woodrow Wilson was to found a society of nations whose slogan would be all for one and one for all. An act of war against any would, ipso facto, be deemed an act of war against the others. All would join hands to make the aggressor behave. Such a society the League of Nations w'as designed to be. But, in the fullness of time, many of Its members have come to look upon it as a sort of “big brother” upon which they can rely for help without any corresponding sacrifices of a material nature on their part. Great Britain, for one, is now making it plain that she does not regard the League in any such light. In blunt British fashion she is taking pains to inform all and sundry that if they think she intends to play world policeman all by herself for the benefit of the rest they are mistaken. Her accent is increasingly on the word “collective.” Nor can Britain be blamed for taking this stand. There is reason to believe she has already convinced Benito Mussolini that annexation of Ethiopia is taboo—that she will fight, with the League or without the League, to prevent control of such a key position on the map passing to another major power. Britain’s purely empire interests having thus been taken care of, the other phase of the Italo-Ethiopian conflict has to do with a matter of principle; namely, shall an aggressor be permitted to profit territorially or otherwise at the expense of the victim? And the keeper of the world's conscience in that respect is the League of Nations. To be specific, if the League wishes to make an example of II Duce, and drive him out of Ethiopia without benefiting by so much as an inch of soil or any other tangible gain, Britain will do her part —provided the others do theirs. And who are we to say the British point is not well taken? If the League is to be effective, if the proposition of collective security is ever to be anything more than a high moral principle, its covenants will have to have the backing of ships and men and money, delivered, if necessary, on the firing line. We have refused to share the risks of peace. Let us then not rend the skies with our “I told you so’s!” should Britain and other active League sponsors abandon the thankless task. Like it or not, no single nation, however powerful, is ever going to play security Santa Claus to the entire world. Unless Geneva realizes this, there is little hope for peace on earth this Christmas veek. SENATOR THOMAS D. SCHALL ANY person who rises above the handicap of blindness to practice a profession deserves the respect and admiration of all. Republican Senator Thomas D. Schall, dead from the effects of a motor injury, did more than that. He practiced law and he also made a high reputation in both houses of the Congress. Senator Schall was an open enemy of the New Deal. He was preparing to run next year on a strictly anti-Roosevelt platform. Such a contest, in a farming state such as his, would have been one of the most instructive we could have had. Men are respected for the sincerity of their motives and their convictions, no matter how many disagree with them. The blind Senator won the confidence of his people and associates on merit and his sudden end is to be deeply regretted. TEMPERANCE OR PROHIBITION THE Fort Wayne News-Sentinel, surveying the liquor situation, concludes there is need for a concerted temperance movement. The alternative may be prohibition by states. Indiana had prohibition prior to the Eighteenth Amendment. It was the reaction to political domination by liquor interests and by brewing companies financing saloons. The rural and village vote overcame the power of. the cities and made the state dry. Repeal and adoption by the state of liquor control laws were to bring temperance. The NewsSentinel and a number of other state papers begin to think temperance has not been achieved. The easiest conclusion is. that the distillers and distributors are to blame. That, however, begs the question in part. Temperance is a personal matter. It is a product of character and education. MR. BOLTON OF OHIO /CLEVELAND'S capture of the 1936 Republican national convention has elevated Rep. Chester C. Bolton of Ohio to a commanding position in the party’s councils. Only a few insiders at the meeting of the Republican National Committee knew that the $150,000 check which Rep. Bolton waved in bidding for the convention was his own personal draft. The story leaked out later. Tire Cleveland crowd wanted something tangible to clinch its claim over rival bidders from Chicago and Kansas City. Cleveland business men had pledged the $150,000 convention expenses but the fund was in promises, not cash. “I’ll handle that,” Rep. Bolton promised, reaching for his check book. His certified check on the Cleveland Trust Cos. caught the Chicago and Kansas City delegations off their guard. It scored with the committeemen. Money talks in politics, and a man who can dash off a check for $150,000 is an asset to any party. But Rep. Bolton, who is often referred to as the wealthiest man in the House, has other attributes which have commended him to party leaders. His political star began its ascendency in 1933 when he was made co-chairman, with Senator Daniel O. Hastings of Delaware, of the Republican National Congressional Campaign Commi:tee. He was re-elected to that position for the 1936 campaign and has taken the leadership in bombarding the Administration for its fiscal and spending policies. A member of the House appropriations committee since 1933, he has stood shoulder to shoulder with Rep. John Taber pf York, the committee’s ranking Republic* a fighting for remum* '**■**“" a*. - . • .

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duced expenditures, particularly for relief and work relief. Many observers here believe Rep. Bolton's feat in capturing the national convention may put him to the fore as a vice presidential nominee. He is scheduled to be Ohio's “favorite son" nominee for the presidency under a stalking-horse arrangement which will leave the delegation unpledged and free to swing the state's 52 votes to any candidate at a strategic moment. Others see him as a potential Cabinet member when and if his party returns to power. Some have gone so far as to pick out the secretaryship of war, keeping in mind his record of rising from a captaincy to a lieutenant colonelcy during the World War, and his service on the subcommittee that handies War Department appropriations. “JUDICIAL LEGICIDE” npHE temporary injunction issued by District Federal Judge Otis of Kansas City, declaring the Wagner Labor Act unconstitutional, is more disquieting because of nis method than because of its content. The judge chose to take a short cut across the law by using his equity power to enjoin the sovereign government from carrying out Congress’ explicit will. This in spite of the fact that the law spells out a legal procedure designed to prevent any employer from being deprived of his rights. The law accords to the employer three open hearings—a local one, an appeal to the National Labor Board and a final appeal to the Circuit'Court of Appeals—before a cease-and-desist order against unfair labor practices can be granted. Judge Otis enjoined the board from even holding the local hearing to determine whether an unfair labor practice, affecting interstate commerce, had been committed. It is not of serious moment that this judge denounced the labor act as a usurpation of states’ rights under the commerce clause. The ' Supreme Court will have the final say-so on that question. It is of moment that he and other judges to a degree never before witnessed are using the injunction to nullify Congress’ expressed will in reform legislation. In the past few weeks an avalanche of injunctions have been issued not against lawless individuals or corporations, but against the government. More than 100 injunctions have been laid against collection of the AAA processing taxes. The United Gas Improvement Cos. has used the Federal Court to stay operation of the new utility act. Several Federal judges, acting in behalf of big coal companies, stay collection of the Guffey Coal Act taxes. This attempt to utilize the equity powers of the lower Federal courts to hold up or nullify acts of Congress marks a dangerous drift away from sofmd and logical administration, and away from the spirit and letter of the Constitution. All these acts are laws. They became laws when Congress passed them and the President signed them. They will continue to be laws until they are repealed or the Supreme Court declares them unconstitutional. The current epidemic of injunctions against the operation of legislation recalls the scofflaw era before repeal, with this difference: Then Federal judges were locking up men for violating the law, now some of them align themselves with the scofflaw elements of the business world. Their actions come pretty near being what Prof. Thomas Reed Powell of Harvard Law School calls “judicial cide.” Assumption of legislative powers by the courts is Certain to bring a reaction. Even the right of the United States Supreme Court to nullify acts of Congress is being challenged as an assumption rather than a delegation of power under the Constitution. If the lower courts now assume this right through equity powers to bind the government’s hands, Congress will be forced to limit their injunctive powers. The situation also emphasises the need of speeding up Supreme Court, rulings on acts of Congress and generally clearing up the relationship between the judicial and legislative arms of government. It is intolerable to keep important laws hanging for months in a purgatory of confusion and doubt, a prey to their enemies in and out of court. TO THE LADIES 'T'HE Mayo Clinic should have the abiding devotion •*- of the women of the United States, it has done them the justice long deserved. Examination of 300,000 cases shows that women do not belong to the weaker sex, but to the stronger. < - ' The proof: Widow’s outnumber widowers. More women than men live to be 75. And twice as many women as men live to be ICO. We always have suspected that women were stronger than men—stronger in the things that tend toward health and happiness. But we are living in an age of fact. That is why the Mayo Clinic report is valuable. The ladies, however, should not start bragging about their superiority. The fragile male is still capable of defending himself. A WOMAN’S VIEWPOINT Fy ' Irs. Walter Ferguson ANOTHER study in contentment is' offered by a business girl—they like being called that, I understand, even if they are 35—who outlined her philosophy over tea cups between hectic flurries of Christmas shopping. “Before I got out to tackle the world,” she said, “which was during father's lifetime, I was a chronic whiner. Well, I'll say this: I've licked that out of the old carcass, if I never do anything else. Now I'm fit to live with myself as well as other people. “Yes, I work in an office. Not one of the sumptuous kind you see in the movies, but a dull, ordinary office where nothing happens from year’s end to year's end —that is, if making a living for several hundred families can be called nothing. “My life in no way resembles that of the office heroines you meet in newspaper serials, but I don’t have a bad time either. Mother is living and keeps an apartment, which is shared by two other girls who help out with expenses. “Os course, you'll want to know how I feel about spinsterheod. Everybody asks that. I'm all for it. Maybe my attitude is only resignation because I'm beginning to realize I'll probably never have a husband, home or kids, but that's the way it is. I work too hard most of the time to worry about it. Put me down as one of those frustrated gals you newspaper people are forever writing about. At least I’ve never had a love affair, although that's not saying I wouldn't if the right man came along. “How do I feel about the boss? Mostly sorry for him. He works like a galley slave to support four idle and, as far as I can. see, useless, women. Sir Galahad never had anything on him in the way of chivalry, but since I've never thought I'd like living in the same house with Sir Galahad, I certainly wouldn't want the boss hanging about after working hours. By 5 o'clock I'm sick of the sight of him. yet I'd give my last penny to help him .out in a pinch. He’s been that square with me. “Maybe it is a tough life, but I'm fool enough to like it. I love the hurry of getting down on time in the morning, the crowds at lunch, the coming home at evening to a fire, a book or a lark with the girls. I guess vou’d better list me a§. a boob'who reads and believes her Browning and jt being-alive—for no gooand

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Squaring The Circle With McCREADY HUSTON

TtrlLL H. CRAIG of Noblesville ’ holds, I believe, the championship for writing letters to the Hoosier newspapers. In my day I have prepared many of Mr. Craig’s communications for the printer and have never failed to find them interesting and instructive. The labor involved in Mr. Craig’s letters is tremendous, for he does not write to one newspaper, but to several, sending each the same message. For years lie has been doing this, enriching the letters deoartments of many editorial pages. 8 a tt ■jl/TY neighboring column, the Hoosier Forum, frequently includes a stirring epistle from Noblesville. Mr. Craig always strikes a strong and independent note. For example, although not a Democrat, he goes to the support of Gcv. Paul V. McNutt in his stand against the organized township officers. Simplification of government and lower costs are two of Mr. Craig’s favorite themes, which he backs up with facts. 8 8 8 TF you don’t read the Forum and letter departments generally you don't get your whole newspaper’s worth. The letters are the readers themselves making the newspaper. They tell what the people are thinking about every important subject. And since the writers’ names are withheld on request some rather plain talk is found in the,Forum. If I were a politician I would study the letters to the editor closely, every day. I would get there more sound opinion than I would get from professional political advisers. I would get there a dependable Warwick for 3 cents a day. .8 8 8 Y AM chided for not wearing my overcoat except on extremely cold days. It seems to me every man is entitled to .at least one harmless departure from normal. That one is mine. I have an intense dislike for wearing an overcoat. I have some of them—not very good or new, to be sure—but they will pass in a crowd if I glide along like Groucho Marx. But I am likely to leave the coat of the day hanging in the office when I go home and feel none the worse. If I am actually uncomfortable, far from my coat, I can always step.into a cab. The cabs in Indianapolis are so cheap it may be more economical to ride than to own-a coat. 8 8 8 TT is strange about language. A lady invited me to her-house for supper the other evening, and in doing so, asked me what I liked best, saying she would cook it. Taking a shot in the dark I named “slop supreme.” She knew at once what it was, without any interpreting. At our house “slop supreme” always has been a great dish of either macarorii or spaghetti, doused with tomatoes, mixed with bits of hamburger, loaded with onion, shot with garlic and finished off with grated cheese. It is one of that sort of community dishes that the whole family likes, and when you have it you don’t want anything else. Well, .this lady know how to make it all right. It was so good that I took a helping too many and as soon as we had gone to the living room I dropped asleep on the couch. It was one of those houses which invite that sort of thing anyhow. 8 8 8 YX7HILE we are on the subject of ’ * food, I have been noticing the trade is pushing the' goose ior the Christmas meal. Whenever I see goose mentioned I think of Bishop Campbell Gray of the Episcopal Diocese of Northern Indiana. The bishop is a Southerner and tells Southern dialect stories well. In one of his stories a character is describing a roast goose. He referred j to it as ,} the most toothsomest goose” he had ever eaten. a tt n 'T'HE best roast duck I ever had was cooked by the wife of the Rev. J. B. Rosemurgy, who used to be the Methodist pastor in Irvington. OTHER OPINION Prosperous Anderson [Anderson Bulletin] Plans are being made for construction of a number of new residences in Anderson early in 1936. A large addition of modern quarters is greatly needed m this city. Many families would. move into Anderson if livable homes were available. If 100 small, modern homes could be quickly built and located throughout the city they would be occupied within two months. Times are picking up. Anderson is expanding and growing in all sections. Its population exceeds 48,000 inhabitants. People want to ccme ' to this city to live and to invest capital in its various business activities. But they must have places for their families to enjoy modem living accommodations. These can not be had in shacks. Comfortable modem residences are required. Good houses insure good families, good health, good success in life and good citizenship.

The Hoosier Forum 1 wholly disapprove of what you say—and will defend to- the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

tTimes readers are invited to express their views in these columns, relifjious controversies excluded. Make uour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to 250 words dr less. Your letter must be sianed. but names will be withheld on reoucst.J .tt tt tt ANOTHER UOWNSEND BOOSTER SPEAKS By H. V. Allison The Literary Digest poll shows the New Deal slipping. That should not mean we are going back to the gloom days of the' depression or that it has failed in the effort. We are aware that business is at normal or better, yet we find many- idle with no future prospect from the New Deal.. When the laborer invented • -the machinery to take away his job he cut off the-limb on which he was sitting, and he was left the Forgotten Man. The New Deal has relieved or pre- ated 'his suffering, but has failed o solve the problem. The Townsr id Old Age tension Plan will reach this class and is the only party with a favorable plan to help all and it’s-going to cause the two old parties to look better than ever before. 8 8 8 HOOVER DERIDED FOR RECENT TALKS By a Times Header To hear Mr.- Hoover talk of his policies and criticise this Administration one would think he had had no education at all. He says put relief on the voluntary services of American men and women. That type of relief is all right when the common people are working. They are the only ones who have that “spirit of American men and women” he speaks of. But when they aren’t working who is going to do it? Big business men and bankers? I should say hot. They are the kind that get in line behind a poor fellow who drops a penny in the pot, and donate a dollar, thinking they have done a grand thing. In reality, the dollar is many thousands of times less than the poor fellow’s penny. ■That's the kind of men your plan seems to help, Mr. Hoover. By .turning the relief back to local governments wouldn’t, n sitll have to be paid for by taxes? What is the difference? Oh, I see! In that respect it wouldn’t fail on Big Business. Now we are beginning to see what, you mean, Mr. Hoover. Well, a’l I can say is that if you are successful, your Big Business cronies will make it worth your time and trouble. If there is the poison of politics in the bread now, it is the kind that; is keeping the people from starving. That is different from the kind of bread you put out in yotjr “honorable” administration. If “there is no disagreement upon the public obligation to relieve the distress which flows from national calamity” is true why were there such places as “Hooverville” and “Curtisville” during your administration? Interest in the poor man’s plight certainly did start with the New

Questions and Answers

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for Tcply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washinsrton Information Bureau. Legal and medical advice can not be given, nor can extended research be undertaken. Be sure all mail is addressed to The Indianapolis Times Washington Bureau,. Frederick M. Kerby, Director, 1013. Thirteentb-st. N. W.. Washington, D. C. Q—What is the capital and form of government of the Yukon Territory? • A—Dawson is the capital. The territory is governed by a Comptroller and a territorial council of three elected members. Q —What is the base pay for a first lieutenant in the United States Army? A—From SISOO to $2400 per annum, according to grade, and. length of service. Q —Who is the football coach at Duke A—Wallace W. Wade.

DON’T LET IT HAPPEN

Deal arid it sure, will end with it if there is an end.' - ' Since you are so nbble, Mr. Hoover, why don’t you tell the .people what you would put in the place of CCC and AAA? You are just the same old Hoover, always ready to criticise but not able to suggest a helpful plan. If I were- you. I would crawl in a hole and pull it in after me. I sure would hate to think of the country in the next four, years with you as its President. ■- 'tttttt “MERCY KILLINGS” SUFFERER CONDEMNS By Tom Utterback .'Are mercy; killings justified? Emphatically no! ~I have been reading a lot about these mercy- killings. The case in The Times'of Decl 14 interested rife very much,, for I know how the boy feels. I am'm the same boat. I am 27 years old, 'have been confined to my bed since October, 1932. I have had pains in. my chest so severe' that I could not whisper without streaks of fire running through my chest. But that was a mere tickle to what I have had since I have been sick. A year ago last November I got a pain in my neck. I could not eat, drink or swallow ’without pain. It got worse every day. I went without eating or drinking for days rind say, when you stop eating with a far advanced case of T. B. you can feel yourself getting weaker by the hour. I felt that if I didn’t swallow for a few days the pain might leave, but I was mistaken. I took all kinds of dope to ease the pain, but it did no good. A throat specialist could not find a thing wrong. He gave me some dope to ease the pain and said he could do no more, but I still wanted to live. His dope did not help one bit. Pains come from 20 to 40 times an hour. After three months of this trouble I had an X-ray taken and found out the trouble, - It was necessary to follow a special diet for 30 days before I underwent an operation and I was but little stronger then. After the operation the doctors! expected me to die every minute for over two weeks. My wife told me of my condition because she' understands me and she knew I would fight that much harder for my life. She knew I wanted to live arid that I would never give up. They gave me a lot 6f morphine to ease the pain, It would have been very easy to give me an over- j dose of something to put me out of. the way for good, but my doctors gave rqe every chance to live. Now! suppose they had killed me when ! they gave me up. I would not be : writing now. I thank all my doc- ’ tors for not killing me. I had two such opera ions. I was j home just two weeks a id had to go back for another ope ition, knowing all the time that I was on the brink of eternity on iy first operation But that did not bother me one bit. You see. * am fighting for my life, not to di . I kriew that I

Q—What is the meaning of the name Ricardo? : ' A—lt is the Italian spelling of the name R,chard, and means “stern ruler.” Q—Why are there so many moonlight evenir.gs- in the fall of the year? A—The. full moon at the time of the autumnal equinox is in that part of .'its- orbit where it- makes the smallest angle with the horizon; it rises at nearly the same hour for several nights in succession at this time of the year, thus giving an unusual proportion of moonlight evenings. ■ . Q—How far is the North Star from the eaVth?' A—According to the United Slates Naval Observatory, measurements of the parallax’ of the North Star indicate that the distance is about 250,'0Cf0.000.000'b00 miles from the earth or about £5 light yeas-s. Q—Who is .the.. American minister to the South Africa? A—Ralph J. Totten.

pulled, through' the first operation and knew I could the second. I had a lot of confidence.in my doctors, too. I want to live. Any sufferer who wants a doctor to kill him ought, to be in an insane asylum. The doctor who gave such •a drug to a sick person also would give it to a well one. He is very weak in mind and confidence and 1 should be put in a place for the . weak-minded. Any doctor who would give a drug to kill a patient with the patient’s consent ought to be treated the same as any other murderer. I have never wanted, to die. I am at horne, for I can’t get in any sanitarium. I may be able to get in the Flower Mission. I sew, read and write. I know that it will be se.veral years before I will be able to work or be around much, but I will pet there. I am mighty glad I am alive,. CROSSROADS BY THOMAS E. HALSEY There comes a fork in paths of men Where selfishness departs f All feudal inclinations then . . Relinquish human hearts, And sympathy goes out to meet Those struggling with despair, Whose grasp of life confronts defeat In dismal shadows there.' At this crossroads of men, a star, Which beams from Bethlehem, Points out a rendezvous—not far, Where all may touch the hem Os Christ, whose lowliness of birth Has shown to you and m3 That lives are measured by their worth To frail humanity. Small wonder here that men unite In kindliness, good 'will', Some wrong to compensate with right Os human needs to fill. It is an ever present'sense That Christ himself designed— The urge of honest recompense To God and fellowkind. DAILY THOUGHTS I laid me down and slept; I awaked; for the Lord sustained me. —Psalms iii, 5. SLEEP, to. the homeless thou art hemep the friendless find in thee a friend.—Ebenezer Elliott.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark

, 'll Gd . .| .v----“I thought maybe you rftight have some errands or something I could do. Ahd maybe an old, broken tree that nobody wants.”

DEC. 23, 1935

Washington Merry-Go-Round

BY DREW PEARSON and ROBERT S. ALLEN. WASHINGTON, Dec. 23.—Activity in behalf of any nomination seekers was taboo at the meeting of the Republican \ National Committee, yet the most interesting development of the gathering was in connection with the race. It consisted of the view privately voiced by some of the most important leaders present that in thfh final showdown none of the present candidates will get the prize. $. The 1936 G. O P. banner carriet; in their opinion, will be a map. whose name has so far not beep. mentioned. No clew to the identity of thPi mysterious dark horse was given In fact, it was specifically stated that the view was largely ''dope.” But the tip was to watch for the emergence of a boom for a prominent business figure in the next few months. What makes the matter additionally intriguing is the fact that ths : very same theory regarding the Republican nominee'is held in the inner White House circle. f J Some of the President's closestadvisers are firmly convinced thatnone of the aspirants now seeking the G. O. P. nomination will get itand that a dark horse will be namedat the Cleveland convention. The only point on which they- differ with the Republican dopesters is on the type of the candidate. The New- Dealers believe that lie will be a member of the Supremo Court, and the name they mention most frequently is that of Justice Owen D. Roberts. Mr. Roberts has several times denied emphatically that he was a candidate, or would accept the nom-. inaticn if tendered. o tt a THE Administration has been quietly tipped off that an in* | vestigation of Harry Hopkins and i his $4,000,000,000 relief fund is due ' at the coming session. The warning was no surprise. The relief program has been under ’ heavy fire for months and New' Dealers have taken it for granted that when Congress reconvened the political opposition would demand a public airing. In fact, the Administration hasn’t waited for the launching of tiny' attack, but already has started * counter-offensive. - That is the inside explanation for . the current barrage of speeches.fty. Harry Hopkins and his lieutenants* explaining and justifying the Works. Progress Administration. In formulating their defense. WPA chiefs have divided the criticism into four general classes. The’ criticisms plus the official answers, follow: First Charge—That large sums of money have been wasted on ‘ boondoggling.” . / To this WPA replies with an ac-‘ counting of how the $1,100,000,000' allocated for work-relief activities IS' being spent. tt u tt SECOND Charge—That partisan politics has been prevalent in the distribution of relief jobs. The WPAers answer this by citing numerous orders issued from Washington demanding strict impartiality on the part of state and local offir. cials. There is no doubt, however., that the WPA boys are treading on weak ground bn this point. To the third charge that certain states were favored, the Administrationists counter with the argument the distribution of funds was on the basis of need. That is, thfcse ** states with the heaviest unemployed rolls were given a larger proportion of the available money. Fourth charge is that administrative costs have been excessive. .= It -is admitted that “in some, spots” this has been true. But it is hotly denied that this charge holdswater for the program as a wholri.** WPA bosses say exact statistics arfe still unavailable, but contend that present figures indicate the average administrative cost w’ill be less.thafi 10 per cent. This amount, they say. Is moderate and compares favorably : with the operating charges of private institutions, tt tt a ' ' l " Atty. gen. homer cum-; MINGS always passes out cigars and cigarets at his press con-. ferences, but Secretary Dan Roper tbpped him the other day. He offered to show the newsmen a snappy South Sea Island‘film if. they would drop around. (Copyright. 1935 ’.y United Feafu'rd' Syndicate. Inc.)