Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 206, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 November 1935 — Page 9

The Way T See h HUHMIIH '\I7'ASHINGTON—Pathos shrouds the rugged shoulders of J. Aloysius Farley. The popular conception is of a heavy-jowled, 1 scowling and predatory Tammany boss, handing out Jobs by the thousands and public works by the billions in exchange for voters by the millions regard-

less of merit, need or anything but elections. Big Jim may dream of being just that, somewhat as a wideeyed little boy dreams of being a pirate. That is the principal pathos. For the facts are that Tammany, by reason of his neglect of it, would, if it could, tear his heart out and eat it boiled in oil; that, instead of being a mordant and . ithless pirate, Jim has about the g. ile and predatory instinct of a big, honest, lumbeting and friendly Newfoundland; and. finally, that the only “patronage” in either jobs or words which Jim is permitted to pass

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Gen. Johnson

to the faithful is what is left after the starry-eyed socialicians, the crystal-gazing professors, and the liberal monopolists of honesty get through passing the pie to the objects of their fondness, favor, or philanthropy—and that is almost nothing at all, a u a TT is the most poignant pathos in political history. *■ .Jim is so honest, loyal and good-natured that in public he smiles and takes it on the chin, buc in private, he weeps along the waste like “woman wailing for her daemon lover.” His sorrow’s crown of sorrow Is that because of ! the popular misconception of his gluttonous, but ! foodless feast, he is going to have to step out of the Cabinet before the campaign. There are tragic figures of poesy—the Spartan youth smiling while the fox, concealed by his shirt, gnawed at his vitals —Cyrano charming his own beloved into his rival’s arms—but none more tragic than this tongue-twisting complexity—Jim Farley taking the rap for political diddling, which he wanted to do and didn’t, because the real diddlers wanted to do it and did it, and now demand that he continue the camouflage and walk the plank for seeking to do what they wanted to do and did and he wanted to do and didn't. (Copyright. 1935, by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.l

Your Health BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

NOW that the winter season is coming on us, we will begin to close tight the windows in dwellings and in offices In which we live and work, and many people will begin to suffer from bad or vitiated air. Cold air is stimulating. Fresh air seems to be the one real tonic of which we have any information. When you go from a room with vitiated air into j the fresh air, you feel stronger and more capable of doing a good day’s work. a a a BUT there is also, at the same time, the possibility of overexposure to cold. This overexposure has the definite effect of lowering resistance of the body to disease. When you are exposed for long periods of time to bad air, you begin to feel the effects almost Immediately, and they gradually become worse. There is a feeling of tiredness, then come headache alid dizziness, and later collapse. The experts feel that the effects are physical as well as chemical. The heat-regulating mechanism of the body is involved. It becomes impossible for the body to give off heat because of the physical condition of the air. Asa result, fundamental changes take place in the body tissues, resulting eventually in death.

Today s Science

BY DAVID DIET:

THE geological forces which brought the Himalayan Mountains into existence were probably responsible also for the birth of the human race. This theory, first suggested by the late Prof. Joseph Barrell, is supported by Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, one of the world's leading anthropologists. Sir Arthur, in an addres before the British Association for the Advancement of Science, said that the recent advances in anthropology, which have been many, all pointed to south-central Asia as the region in which the transition from ape to man was achieved. “As Earrell pointed out,” Sir Arthur says, “the east to west ridge of the Himalayan Mountains was gradually raised up at the time when northern India was covered with a great forest which swarmed with apes of many kinds. "The formation of the ridge separated off a northern portion of the forest which became subject to comparatively inclement conditions. The apes stranded in this northern portion would be disturbed by ihe extensive destruction of the trees, and the survivors would be driven to be ground-apes and change their habits of feeding. They would thus be modified in the direction of man.” a a a IT Is interesting to notice, Sir Arthur continues, that if central Asia was actually the region in which the human family originated, the few known fragments of the oldest fossil men are distributed geographically just as a paleontologist would expect them to be. "The late W. D. Matthew pointed out,” he goes on, "that if each race of animals evolved at a single center, a succession of waves of increasingly advanced genera must have radiated outward from that center. The latest and highest types would be found at the actual place of evolution, and they would be surrounded by rings of less advanced types of lower and lower degree until the lowest would occur at the outer limit." Piltdown man and Heidelberg man were found on the western margin of Europe, he points out; Java man. or Pithecanthropus, was found at the southern margin of Asia, while Pieping man, or Sinanthropus, was found close to the eastern coast of Asia.

Times Books

A TEMPORARY dictatorship or some form of fascism may be necessary in the United States to save democracy, says Roger Babson, the statistician, who takes a rather discouraging view of present trends in his autobiography, "Actions and Reacting. (Harper Sc Bros.) The chief reform needed. Mr. Babson feels, is to give the ballot only to those who would use it thoughtfully and seriously. He would not tolerate a property test, and he fails to suggest just how his reform might be accomplished. "A voter,” he says, "should be free from a criminal record, should have a knowledge of government, and perhaps should be a parent. To bring this change about may require a temporary dictatorship or some form of fascism. “If such comes I hope my descendants will cooperate therewith. Such a dictatorship should Jesuit ultimately in a better and stronger democracy. Mr. Babson's story of his life, which is frank and revealing, affords an excellent psychological study o. a man who was in the thick of business, financial and economic development from 1900 on to the present dav. He is rather typical of the era. On 3 SI 2OO shoestring, with his wife as a partner, he started a business that has reaped millions, and he has given lots of money away. He proudly claims to bs a rugged individualist. He confesses to conservatism, but concedes that a change ever so often is essential. (By Thomas L. Btokes).

Full I„*>a*ed Wire Service of the United Pres* Association

Listening to INDUSTRIAL AMERICA

Speed-Up Plant Leaves Workers With ‘Not Much Steam Left’

The people who help to build your car—what are they thinking and saying about life under the New Deal, how well are they living, what are their hopes and beliefs? Frazier Hunt, “Listening to In dustrial America,” stops off in Detroit to talk with the automobile workers and * heir neighbors. This is the third of six enlightening articles. a a a a a a BY FRAZIER HUNT (Copyricht. 1935. NEA Service, Inc.) FIRST she would not let me in. I suppose that I looked too much like a square-toed, plainclothes dick. 1 could see that the screen door was locked and I knew that I would have to talk fast and earnestly or she would slam the inner door in my face. Finally she slowly unhooked the screen and I found myself in the plain sitting room of the four-room downstairs Hat. I picked out a chair and she curled up in a rocker across the room from me. She looked like a kid, maybe 13 or 14 years old. Yet she was the flaming spirit of Detroit—the Mary Zuk who had led thousands of women in a meat strike that had been front page copy for weeks. Maybe it’s a bit fantastic, but 1 could see in her the reincarnation of the screaming women leaders of the mob that trailed from Versailles one bright day 146 years ago the mob that was told to eat cake if they had no bread.

I shall always think of her as The Little Girl Who Remembers. Listen to what she told me and then maybe you will think of her that way, too: “My father was a Polish miner named Anton Stancus, and I was born in the soft coal fields near Neffs, 0., in 1904. I don’t know just where that is, but I think it is somewhere near Wheeling. “The first thing I can remember was when I was 3 years old and we had a strike that lasted for 14 months. We never did have enough to eat during all those months. I can remember how they threw bread at us and old shoes and worn-out clothes." a a a A TOUCH of bitterness was creeping into her clear, sharp face as she continued: “When I was 13 my mother died and I came on up here to Detroit. I got a job in a furniture factory wrapping chairs. “At night I’d be so worn out and m.v arms so tired that even the next morning my hands would still be numb. “When I was 18 I married and for five years I didn’t have to work no more in the factories. “But in 1927, after we’d been married five years and my two children was born, my husband hurt his back in an automobile factory and he had to quit. I went to work in the plants then. “He ain’t had no work since; he’s 41 now and I guess they think he is too old for the speed-up." a a a AGAIN that touch of bitterness crept in. “People who never worked in one of them speed-up plants can’t imagine what it is like. You’re just completely worn out at night. “And people who never tramped the streets looking for a job can’t understond why people hang around the employment gates of factories at 3 in the morning begging for work at just any wages. “Well, I worked from ’27 to ’34. Then I was laid off, too, and I never got gack on again. I don’t know what we’d’a’ done if we hadn't had relief money. “But it wasn’t enough to keep us decent. I guess we all just got tired of being poor. “We neighbor women used to talk and one day in July we decided we’d call an open-air meeting and see if there was any way we could get meat prices reduced. “We held our first meeting on July 16, and then 10 days later we had a big meeting in Copernicus school and the next day, which was Saturday, we started picketing the butcher shops. “We did that every Saturday for several weeks and then on Aug. 19 we sent a delegation to Washington. “The President was too busy to see us and I guess when we got through with Secretary Wallace he wished he hadn't seen us either.” a a a MARY ZUK'S eyes were blazing. and her voice had taken on fire and passion. “Back here they arrested our

20 Years a Bug-Hunter, but He's Not a Cartoonist s Idea of the Trade, and in That Time He's Spent Only 5 Years in the U. S. Dv rDVTr nvi r _ _ "

BY ERNIE PYLE Times Special Writer WASHINGTON, Nov. 6.—Fifteen years of his 20-year career have been spent in foreign lands. He started his scientific wanderings, with all expenses paid oy the government, when he was 22. He is 42 now, and during all that time he has been in his native America only five years. His name is Curtis P. Clausen, he is the chief parasite hunter for the Department of Agriculture, and I am told that he is considered one of the three greatest parasite men in the world. But Clausen is no dreamy scientist. He is a regular human being. He likes his fun. He is crazy about norts. He’s a golf fiend—p’avs in zero w ather. or in the rain, nr s>nv t'nv 5 vou mention it. He plays well. too. The cartoonists never could use him for their skinny-legged bughunter in pith helmet and glasses, swishing a butterfly net through the bushes. He's about as far from that as anything you could imagine. He would look fine in a uniform. He is big and tanned and rather younger looking than he is. *

The Indianapolis Times

pickets and the butchers and the packers fed us a lot of boloney, and they called us Reds and laughed at us. “But one day they'll find out that poor people and even women have rights. We’re going ahead organizing. We got our Women’s League Against High Cost of Living and other cities are joining in with us. “We want our children to have more to eat. People are making too much money handling food. They’ve got to bring prices down. I don’t know as I'm against Roosevelt; I am against the packers and those who keep food prices up. We want the right to live.” Maybe in cold type it all doesn’t sound so tragically real as it did from the lips of this woman who can remember no single day of her life when poverty and hunger and want were not at the doorstep. “Never had there been any o.t the vaunted American high standard of living for her. Never had there been a moment of real security. Always there had been fear and dreaded anxiety. a a a DOWN the Street I talked with a woman who ran a rking lot in an alley. She was Polish and she spoke broken English. “My man used to work in the auto plants but he got cancer and died,” she said simply. “I ain’t much for Roosevelt now. Prices is too high. We can’t get hardly enough to eat. But my children was saying they was still for Roosevelt. I guess maybe I vote for him.” Across the alley a boy about 15 was leaning against a shed playing a harmonica. A yellow cur dog was squatted by his side, his nose lifted high, howling most mournfully. I imagine he thought he was singing. It is the way with men as well. In front of a great motor plant I stopped a workman homeward bound from his eight hours of toil. His blue shirt was open at the throat and I noticed that he wore no underwear. When he told me that he had a wife, and four children, and that he was lucky if he got seven or eight months work a year, I knew why he was going without underwear. “I guess most of the boys are for Roosevelt,” he told me after we had been talking for some minutes. “He tried to help us. We thought at first that the NRA would do us a lot of good but it didn’t help us much. We'd have been organized under that Section 7A if the bosses had let us. “I can tell you when you work eight hours in one of these plants today you ain’t got much steam left. The speed-up is something awful now. I don't know how much faster we work than we used to, but it’s a lot faster.” a a a Everywhere in this automotive country around Detroit one hears constantly about the speed-up. It is the legitimate child of the line, belt and conveyor system. It has reduced man to his lowest depth and raised the machine to the status of at least a minor god.

IIKE so many lowa natives, ' he went to California. But he went there to start, instead of to finish. He came out of the University of California in 1914, in 1915 he got a job with the state Agriculture Department, and within two weeks was on his way to the Orient. He spent two years on that trip, hunting parasites. He came back in 1917, grabbed a uniform on his way through, and was on over the ocean to France. He found plenty of parasites there, and wasn't looking for them either. After the war he went with the United States Department of Agriculture, and in 1920 they sent him again to the Far East where he was to stay, with brief visits home, for the next 11 years. He lived and worked in Japan, Korea. Manchuria, China. Formosa. the Philippines, Dutch East Indies, the Malay States and India. He has also worked in Cuba. Panama and Central America, and all over the United States. He came back to Washington in 1931. and has been sitting at a desk most of the time since then. He was made chief of the Division of Parasite Control in 1934. He recently was in Europe again, this time as a delegate to the Sixth Congress of Entomology, at Madrid.

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1935

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—Photo by Margaret Bourke-White; from NEA Service. “Everywhere in this automotive country around Detroit one hears constantly about the speed-up. It is the legitimate child of the line, belt and conveyor system.”

I went to Joe Brown to find out a lot of things. Joe has worked aroynd auto plants for 20 years. He is by way of being a writer and economist as well. Os course he’s probably a little too bitter—but, after all, he is probably a little too slow after that 20 years. He’s seen numerous attempts made to unionize the plants and he has seen strikes won and strikes lost. I’ll let Joe tell his own story. "In the spring of 1933 there was a spontaneous move toward unionization among the automobile workers. "We won three or four strikes for better wages and conditions in a row. In April the Mechanics Educational Society was organized and grew like a mushroom. "Then with the passage of the NRA the United Automobile Workers of America began organizing as a Federal Union under the A. F. of L. They built up several great locals, including one with 17,000 members in Flint. "Then early in 1934 the Automobile Labor Board was set up and held hearings on alleged discrimination cases. The decisions were usually in favor of the employers and both the A. F. of L. and the MESA repudiated the board. tt tt tt "C'OON a wave of strikes swept •3 through the industry,” he went on, “culminating in the great Toledo strike. Today the United Automobile Workers have their own International and while, through intimidation and hired spies and fear, they have lost most

CLAUSEN is the first man to hunt for a parasite for the famous Japanese beetle, which has been running rampant in New Jersey since 1916. He dug and trave’ed and dug all over Japan, for five months, before he even got a nibble. Then he found five parasites within two weeks. He hired Japanese children to help him collect beetles with parasite eggs on them. He gave them a quarter of a cent per beetle. In one day, 300 kids brought him 50,000 beetles. Much of Clausen’s work has been right out in tha tropical jungles. But the worst he ever had during 13 years in the Far East was a headache. Never had mal-

DUKE OF GLOUCESTER TAKES BRIDE By I nited Prt* lONDON, Nov. 6.—The Duke of Gloucester, King George's third j son, and Lady Alice Montagu-Douglas-Scott, daughter of the late Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberrv. were married today in a simple ceremony by the Archbishop of Canterbury in the royal chapel at Buckingham Palace. The death of the bride's father OcT 19 caused cancellation of plans for an elaborate state ceremony at Westminster Abbey with 2000 guests. The bride's eight bridesmaids included the little Royal Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret Rose. The duke was supported by his brothers, the Prince of Wales and Duke of Kent.

of their members in the great plants they have successfully organized certain independent units such as the Studebaker in South Bend . . . “Today the workers have lost all faith in political action. When Section 7A failed to guarantee their rights to organize, and then the Supreme Court knocked out the whole NKA, they became completely disillusioned. "They have made up their minds that no one will help them but themselves. They are bitter and frightened. Os course if the Wagner Law is declared constitutional you will see fireworks around the plants.” a a u I WENT to three of these union meetings in Detroit. One was held in a hall over a beer parlor. At one end of the room was a poster of a soldier, a marine and sailor arm-in-arm, bearing the legend ‘WELCOME BUDDIES.” There were less than 20 men in the room when I arrived. There were two or three impassioned speeches and then a general discussion as to how best go about organizing a particular p*ant. Four of the audience were paid general organizers. One of them whispered to me that a third of the men present were factory spies. Adding together the paid organizers and the paid spies, didn't leave many workers. A fat organizer waxed eloquent. He told of the terror and stupidity of individual bargaining and of the ad-

aria, never took quinine, although his native helpers were always coming down with the fever. And he saw no more than a dozen snakes in all that time. He did kill a tiger in India, though. He has the skin here in Washington now. His crowning achievement (which I had to' learn about from his friends) was his work in Malaya from 1929 to 1931. He was hunting a parasite for the Cirrus Black Fly, which was turning Cuba into a shambles. The result was like an entomologist’s dream of Heaven. He found the parasite, turned it loose in Cuba, and the result was both immediate and complete. The Black Fly situation was simply washed up right there.

vantage of one great union for auto workers that would draw help and encouragement from the other 6,000,000 members of the A. F. of L. He spoke of the speed-up, and of a minimum decent yearly wage of slsoo—sl an hour for 30 hours work a week, and 50 weeks work a year. tt tt tt " r T'HE employer points at the A high hour rate he pays you,” he thundered. "But he fails to tell that the average yearly wage for the auto worker is less than S7OO a year.” Those are the fat organizer’s figures, not mine. I know that many workers go to work in cars —and that many more don’t. It may seem far-fetched but all this has much to do with how Michigan will go politically. F. J. Dillon, the president of the International Union of Auto Workers, had this to say: “Fully 80 per cent of our men are for Roosevelt. He can’t throw us down, any more than ,we can throw him down. We are his real friends. We’ll elect him if he'll stick with us. “God help us all if the reactionaries defeat him. No one can tell what might happen. There’d be bloodshed and destruction. “The workers today are sullen and disillusioned. They're not to be monkeyed with. They’re not going to be denied forever.” Tomorrow—Along the industrial front in the American Ruhr. Intimate interviews with men in the rubber factories.

/CLAUSEN’S apartment is full of Chinese stuff, and Japanese water colors, and all kinds of Oriental trappings. But when people ask him if he would rather live in the Orient than over here, he says, “I don’t remember leaving anything over there I have to go back for.” He likes to play cards. He goes to football games. And he reads a great deal. Few entomologists have a greater scientific knowledge than he. His co-workers say that in Japan, during off-seasons, he wouldn't be out of his kimono or leave his house for weeks. Spent all his time reading scientific stuff, and making notes. When he came back to Washington in 1931. he made a card index of some 6000 pamphlets, bulletins and books on entomology he hadn't read. Today, he has read 90 per cent of them. He smokes cigars, and talks very deliberately, and clearly. He's still appreciating American comforts, after all those years of Oriental half-comforts. He likes the Dutch East Indies the best of all in the Far East. When I asked him if ha were married, he smiled and said: "No, I never did get around to it.”

Second Section

Entered ** S-cnnd-Cl*** Mutter • t PnstnfTice. InJin*poli. lnd.

Fair Enough HMitra ENEVA, Nov. 6 —The state of civilization in the world could hardly be simplified more perfectly than in the current affair of the “ice bill" in the Spanish republic. In Spain two members of the cabinet, including the foreign minister, have thought it best to resign, and there’s great public indignation as th result of a squawk by Senor Daniel Strauss, citizen of Mexico, who introduced *he game of skill known as “straperlo.” Straperlo is similar to roulette, but has only 13 numbers on the board

instead of the conventional 38 as in American roulette. The person who is skillful enough to place his money on the winning number receives a generous reward from the management, but it requires great skill to select the winning number. Sportsmen who tried their skill when the game was running at Formentor on the Spanish island of Mallorca are said to have put down about SIOO,OOO more than they picked up. Com-

ing from Mexico, it is probable Senor Strauss is acquainted with the enlightened American system of dealing with statesmen when one wishes to operate games of skill in such modern cities as Saratoga, Los Angeles and Miami Beach. In America it is customary to make arrangements with statesmen in advance, and Senor Strauss seems to have complied with the highest American ideals in this respect. So in due course Senor Strauss' tables began to operate at Formentor and San Sebastian, where games of skill have been barred for many years. But at San Sebastian after Senor Strauss had opened his salon at great expense the local governor received at telephone call. Thereupon policemen walked in flourishing pistols in a vulgar manner and Senor Strauss’ salon was tossed into the street as the saying goes. n a a He Blew the Whistle! Tsk! Tsk! \ T Formentor the pleasure continued for about a week and Senor Strauss was able to recoup some portion of the ice bill before the governor stepped in and he again was tossed into the street. Naturally this unethical conduct incensed Senor Strauss and he wrote an indignant letter to the president of the republic in which it appears that he was guilty of another serious breach of etiquette. In fact, Senor Strauss blew a whistle and the president, considering this to be a very grave matter, took steps. As the result of the president's inquiry the cabinet resigned, but all the statesmen got their jobs back again in the new cabinet with the exception of the foreign minister and the minister of public instruction. Senor Strauss appears to have conducted himself in an extremely respectful manner except in blowing the whistle, which is considered an unpardonable breach of etiquette in the best American circles. Indeed, if Senor Strauss were to blow the whistle in the state of Florida by waiting such a letter to Senor Dave Sholtz, prime minister of that ancient Spanish colony, he undoubtedly would be taken for a boat ride and fed to the sharks or alligators. a a a It Goes to Prove Something the blowing of the whistle it was discovered that Senor Strauss had made an error in delivering the ice. It appears that he did not deliver the ice to the foreign minister and to the minister of public instruction and may have been a victim of dishonest representations by persons claiming to represent them. However, the son of the prime minister and a nephew of the minister of public instruction are involved in a scandal, as the delicate diplomatic phrase puts it. And this made it embarrassing for the statesmen to continue in office. But to an American accustomed to American efficiency and straightforwardness in public affairs it is impossible to imagine that Secretary of State Cordell Hull would be forced to retire on the mere ground that his son, if any, had been involved in arrangements for operation of a game of skill. The unfortunate Senor Strauss appears to have had only the most honest motives and to have been justified in his efforts to get back his money, which led him to blow the whistle. But primitive Spaniards, unlike the sophisticated citizens of the old Spanish colony of Florida, have adopted an ignorant attitude and want somebody sent to prison. It all tends to prove Alphonse was right in his contention that Spanish people are not yet ready for self-government. In America, on the other hand, they do such things with consummate grace. Not even so much as a deputy sheriff or policeman ever was forced to resign over the ice bill in Saratoga or the old Spanish colony of Florida. But in America sportsmen rarely blow the whistle and never to the President de la Republiques.

Holding Court BY GEORGE ABELL

Nov. 6. —Diplomatic and official * ’ society is speculating about how cordial the Judicial Reception at the White House will be this season. The winter social program of President and Mrs. Roosevelt has just been issued. In it, the Judicial Reception is listed for Thursday, Jan. 9. By that time a good many things may have happened to make social relations between the Supreme Court and the Administration a trifle strained. Ccnstitutionality of the AAA, the Bankhead Act and the TVA are already before the court and will probably be decided before the reception date. The Guffey coal bill is still in the lower courts but may be reached before January. Just what dignified Chief Justice Hughes, whose dinner conversation is as impeccably brushed as his snowy whiskers, may have to say to Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt during a long, dull January evening, and what the Roosevelts may reply is furnishing some amusement in official circles. a a a T> REARING precedents comes as easy to the Roosevelts as breaking dinner dates does to a debutante, so the rest of the White House social program leaves diplomats only mildly agog. The Cabinet dinner on Dec. 10 opens the official season a week earlier than last year. Half the White House parties are being held on a Tuesday instead of Thursday—the conventional White House day. As usual, during the Roosevelt regime, the New Year's reception has been omitted and state dinners start at 8 o’clock instead of 3:30, Fortunately for the peace of of foreign envoys. Washington has no Ethiopian minister. So tha diplomatic state dinner at the White House on Jan. 16 should go forward without complications Italy's royal ambassador, Augusto Rosso, will be able to appear as debonair as always, undaunted by African glares. Last season's cold glances between the Bolivian and Paraguayan ministers have thawed into warm smiles, much to the relief of White House attaches. They are also hoping that guests who attend tha Congressional reception on Jan. 23 will not wear brown shoes with their white ties—as one good Democrat did last year. Rented dress suits will not be frowned upon. M

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Westbrook Pegler