Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 199, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 October 1935 — Page 9

It Seems to Me HEM BROUN TIMMY will come marching home almost any morning now and in some quarters there is great Indignation, if the parade of welcome for the former Mayor of New York happens to pass beneath htv window I do not intend to throw ticker tape. Neither will I stick my head out and boo. Jimmy Walker has said that he Is out of politics, and I believe the majority of the citizens of New .rk Intend to take him at his word. Asa private citizen, he is not important enough to merit either

wild hurrahs or mass censure. If there are those who wish to go down the bay to greet him for himself alone. I do not see that they are treading upon the toes of the rest of us. In my opinion, .James J. Walker will hardly be numbered among the city’s most faithful public servants. But he is by no ,neans an outstanding villain After all, Jimmy is a product and a symbol of the system in wh ch he was brought up, and in wh.c.: he functioned. The type is familiar. On the whole, his luck was bad.

Ileywood Broun

He had the misfortune to be the playboy Mayor of New' York at a time when recess had ended and leapfrog was no longer in order. a tt a Belonged to the Gold Hush Era TXURING the early days of his regime his bizarre and careless manner of running the city brought no gfc'at complaint. Like Calvin Coolidge and Texas Guinan, James J. Walker was part of the gold rush era. Probably he was not fortunate in being plausible, quick-witted and distinctly likable. He traded on these minor virtues to an extent w'hich made them vices. It must be admitted that Jimmy’s mind was alert, though not profound. He had the capacity of cramming on some subject for a particular occasion and then forgetting all about it just as rapidly. If his mental processes had been a little slower he might well have been a better Mayor. He could get through business rather more quickly than most of his predecessors. But this encouraged, him in the vain belief that it was possible to run the City of New York without doing any work at all. I never thought of him as particularly venal. An anecdote has gone the rounds which may not be true, although it serves to delineate most accurately the character of James J. Walker. t; a a A Jimmy Walker Story T TPON one occasion he told a crony: “I had a chance to make $1,000,000 yesterday and I turned it down.” "Why on earth did you do that, Jimmy?” inquired his startled friend. ‘‘Well, it happened this w r ay,” the Mayor replied. "I was approached by a man who shall be nameless and he said that I could make myself $1,000,000 by selling out the 5-cent fare.” "What did you tell him, Jimmy?” asked the eager friend. "I said,” continued His Honor, according to the anecdote, "that I wouldn't play ball with him for three reasons. First of all I explained that if I took the money it was sure to be found out and I would have to go and live abroad, and I don't want to live abroad; I want to live in New York. And, further, I said to this guy, ‘You may not believe me, but I wouldn’t like to betray the 5-cent fare. I promised so many times to keep it that it really would go against my conscience to break that pledge.’” "But what else did you tell him?” the friend persisted. "What was your third reason?” “Well.” replied Jimmy, “I ups to him and says, ‘And just one thing more. Even if I did make an agreement to do business with you for that $1.000,0')0, >ou know perfectly well, you big so-and-so, that I’d never get it..’ ” (Copyright. 1935).

Your Health BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

IN the summer time your children, even the smallest ones, are able to get about pretty well outdoors. They have the advantage of sunshine and fresh air. Asa result, they approach the winter season with a good deal of vitality. Vitality sometimes is translated by scientists into the word resistance. When we have resistance, we are able to overcome many of the minor infections which attack us. With increased resistance we can overcome even serious infections. Os course, a child can have all the advantages of summer and yet, with improper nutrition, can come to the winter season without resistance. There seems to be a close relationship between nutrition and ability to resist disease. a tt IF the child's weight is adequate for its height and age, if it has had plenty of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and mineral salts to keep its body tissues in repair and in good functioning order, it will end the summer with added resistance In the winter time, the child will lack the sunshine and fresh air in many instances, and will have to replace them with some of the artificial factors which modern science has made available. Thus artificial sunshine, cod liver oil. and vitamin D milk can do much to replace the effects of sunshine that the child gets in summer. With the coming of winter the child is likely to be kept indoors. Nevertheless, everything possible ought to be done to keep up the good hygienic habits that have been developed during the warmer season. Whenever the weather permits, the windows should be kept open even though more clothing may be necessary.

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

future controls the present. So says Dr. A R. H. Wheeler, professor of psychology of the University of Kansas, and one of the foremost exponents in this country of gestalt psychology. That the past helps make the present is an idea to which every one is accustomed, but Dr. Wheeler states that "tiie future, as much as the past, controls the present.” The reader who undertakes to make his way through Dr. Wheeler's "The Laws of Human Nature” must be prepared for vigorous shocks to his usual habits of thought. For the ••gestahists” have developed anew point of view from which to view t he world. Founded in the World War days, gestalt psychology takes its name from the German world, ••gestalt,” best translated as •form." or "configuration.” "The Laws of Human Nature” is not always easy reading. Prof. Wheeler makes no effort to avoid technical terms. But his writing is clear and forceful and the reader who is willing to concentrate, will have no difficulty with the text. a a a PROF. WHEELER dismisses both mechanistic and vitalistic theories of the universe. Energy, in his theory, is the all-important thing. • Mind,” he says, "is the brain-in-action. It is organized energy that thinks.” All phenomena, he says, must be described in terms of "the organic whole, recognized not as a problem, but as a solution.” In support of his view he quotes experiments to show that embryonic animals make movements involving their whole bodies before movement becomes differentiated into movements of individual muscles. Children, he says, learn to recognize large units before they differentiate it into parts, thus an infant recognizes faces before he can differentiate the various features of a face. "The Laws of Human Nature” is published by D. Applcton-Centurv at $2 as part of their excellent •■Contemporary Library of Psychology.” *

Full I.£>afd Mire Service cc (he T ni'erl Pre=s Associatlou

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Boake Carter

War in Ethiopia has brought the fear of another war to the United States. America, with the rest of the world, dreads another conflict and in "Black Shirt Black Skin.” Boake Carter writes frankly of the possibilities. The Times today presents the seventeenth installment of his startling book. • tt a a w llbN bann ng the sale of arms and munitions, we forget that this business is minor, in comparison to all the other bulk of trade in time of war. The chief entanglements are caused not by shells, not by machine guns or howitzers being bartered across the international counter, but by loans and investments and raw materials. a a tt TO ban munitions and allow trade in such materials as cotton, scrap iron, oil, chemicals, food to carry on as usual, simply boils down to a case of slamming the front door against an intruder, and leaving the back door and all the windows of the house wide open. Nations can not wage war without money and without credit. The nation that extends credits to warring nations, simply underwrites the destruction of civilization of the white man. Yet there are still honest and earnest citizens who believe that we can make all the money in the world out of somebody else’s war by running a gigantic pawnbroking business and still never get hurt. Such a belief refuses to face the facts. Prior to the World War, there was in effect a ban on loans to belligerents. What happened to it? Read this excerpt from Secretary of State Lansing’s letter to President Wilson concerning this restriction on international financing: “ . . . . Secretary McAdoo has disetfssed with you the necessity of floating government loans for the belligerent nations, which are purchasing great quantities of goods in this country, in order to avoid a serious financial situation which will not only affect them but this country as well “To withdraw any considerable amount (of gold from Europe) would disastrously affect the credit of the European nations, and the consequence would be a general state of bankruptcy. If the European countries can not find means to pay for the excess of goods sold to them, they will have to stop buying.” tt a a THERE we have a Secretary of State of the United States saying that unless America financed the World War, the war wouldn't be able to go on. So Johnnie Q. public was asked to chip in. Oh no, the mercenary side of it wasn't mentioned! Instead, his patriotism was courted and his pocketbook neatly, but slyly and effectively, tapped. From then on, he began financing the war, which had its origin in the division of African spoils and with which he had not even the remotest connection. And when this occurred, French Diplomat Tardieu wrote: “From then on, whether desired or not, the victory of the allies became essential to the United States.” The American citizen was now paying the bill. He came to the rescue of the banking fraternity, which paved the way originally for America's entry into the war with its financing of the purchases of foregin nations and arranging credits for them. He was told that he must put

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Out of date now are these armed cars that rolled over French roads in 1918.

BY STANLEY A. TUI.LSEN NEA Service Staff Writer A MORE important part will be played in the next war by the armored car than was the case in the last great conflict. Speed, durability, and utility have been increased. Especially in the cavalry will armored cars be used a great deal. A good the ultra-modern type is x

The Indianapolis Times

BLACK SHIRT —■ BLACK SKIN

By Boake Carter

Still in their ’teens, but already cannon fodder is the plight of these boys surrounding the gray-bearded veteran of Ethiopia’s halcyon days of 1896, when (he Italians were defeated at Auduwa. As the chief of their Ogaden village and caparisoned in his regalia of office, he has led the youngsters, many of (hem only 11 and 12 years old, to Harar as recruits for Ras Nassibu’s army.

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The curious mixture of old and new military methods being used in Ethiopia’s defense is brought into sharp relief as this nattily uniformed and equipped bugler sounds the call to arms for the regular soldiers. . . .

a uniform on and make the world “safe for democracy,” and he did. He never protested when his civil liberties were taken away. He even allowed himself to be conscripted! He sacrificed his life on bloodred fields in Flanders, never got his money back and never will, because, under the present Western World economy, he can not; and he has had a depression to boot and now sees another hell brewing. tt tt tt BUT why were the loans made in the first place? Go back to the Lansing-Wilson letter and you'll see the lines —“ . . . which are purchasing such great quantities of goods in this country . . Why did they come here and purchase “great quantities of

lb*! I EE I * Weapons of the World War and Weap ons of the Next War Pictured in Contrast

INDIANAPOLIS, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1935

The Story Behind the Ethiopian War

goods?” Times were hard when Wilson gained the presidency. And he captured the nation’s fancy with his New Freedom platform and program. The war offered a golden opportunity to banish depression, sell surplus supplies, take up the slack in unemployment. There were those in the government at that time who were thoughtful men and who were afraid. But their voices were lost in the clamor, how utterly lost can be gleaned so well and so admirably from Walter Millis’ book "Road to War,” a copy of which should be in every American citizen's possession—from President to crossing sweeper. tt tt tt meant well, but he ’ * was weak and he was a politician. The clamor that rose

that used by the First cavalry of the United States Army, a unit that is the last word in mechanization and motorization. The T-ll is primarily for* reconnaissance purposes. Is armor plate hull can turn rifle bullets. An armored car can traverse difficult terrain, as is indicated picture showing the latest American

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. . . While in the camps of the volunteers, turbaned drummers squatting before the booming kettle drums of their ancestors, beat out a martial rhythm that moves their primitive comrades to fighting frenzy as they mass on the southern front.

from industry and agriculture dinned about his ears. The pressure became enormous and he went down before it. Far stronger Presidents than Wilson would have surrendered in like fashion. And the day he let down the bars which had banned the sale of not only munitions, but raw materials of all kinds as well as finished products, to the warring nations, the United States was, to all intents and purposes, a participant in the war. Thus the loans find their origin in America's possession of the raw materials. tt tt tt TT'OR one of the most lucid and clear thumbnail pictures of America’s industrial resources, of recent years, we may thank Fortune Magazine. In its September,

One of the U. S. cavalry's latest armored ears, on reconnaissance duty.

Army type as contrasted with the machine used in the World War, of far less speed and offensive power. The modern cavalry car is not only a strong weapon defensively, but a fast, powerful offensive one. NEXT—The “ears” of the Army, the huge sound locators that can detect the ccH&ng of planes miles away.

1935, issue it has these figures, and this to say: “Within or just beyond our borders—Canada, Cuba, South America—we have the world’s most complete collection (raw materials of war). “In this regard the United States looms up, willy nilly, as the greatest potential fighting machine on earth. This can be vividly shown by a few tables. To begin with the seven major powers are: “France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Russia and United States.” Tomorrow—The war resources of America. (Copyright, 1935. bv the Telegraph Press Harrisburg. Pa.)

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Second Section

Entered n* Seennd-Clasa Matter at I’ostnTfirp. rndianapolis. In i.

The Way I See It IiENIGUSIOHH (Batting for Westbrook Peglerl WASHINGTON. Oct. 29.—This depression is essentially a financial crisis—not an industrial or a trade crisis. There is plenty of production and means to produce far more. There are unsatisfied demands to the very edge of starvation among onethird to one-half of us. Somehow money—which is our only means to supply unsatisfied demand —isn't doing its job. It may be that the old system is wrong, but it also may be that the administration of it is wrong. The post of Secretary of the

Treasury was probably the most important in the whole government. We didn't need a doctrinnaire. It was said that we mustn’t take a Wall Street man for fear we would be under the domination of the money trust. That was a question of personal honor and integrity. But why did we have to pick a Wall Street man who didn’t know anything about money? Then why did we have to replace Secretary Woodin. upon his death, with a Hyde Park man who seems rather inclined to boast of the fact that he doesn’t know much about anything—at least about finance? “Henry the Morgue,” his boss calls the Secretary of the

Treasury. Mongenthau's business experience aforetime was running a farm paper which few farmers saw, and advising the Governor of New York on agriculture. His greatest pre-Cr.binet contribution to our fiscal affairs was to introduce that great bugexpert, Prof. Warren, whose own great gift was to beguile the Administration into its fiasco with devalued money. tt tt a Didn't Know llow to Start, Says Hugh MAYBE nobody could have done better, but in getting anybody to try at all. why did we have to get somebody who, by the very terms of his selection, couldn’t even know how to start? In this great Porsenian threat to the Republic, who stands at the right hand of Horatius to guard the bridge with him? Henry the Morgue. Here, too, there were, in the Democratic party, giant figures in this field. Carter Glass was good enough to be dragged from a sickbed to secure the election by insuring that the new Administration would be guided by masters in this mystic art —but too good to be Secretary of the Treasury. And so—the financial and fiscal affairs of the United States are in the worst mess in our history. (Copyright, 1935. bv Unit and Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Saving America BY ERNIE PYLE

WASHINGTON, Oct. 29.—Up until 11:45 yesterday morning, if somebody had walked up and stuck a gun in my face and said, "Quick, what is the Resettlement Administration?” I could only have replied, "Brother, you've got me. Go ahead and shoot.” But now I could just push the gun aside, and say: “Sure, sit down and I’ll tell you.” For I found out about it yesterday, through the simple process of going down to the Agriculture Building and asking them. The Resettlement Administration is one of the newest, as well as one of the biggest, of the New Deal agencies. It has more than 12,000 employes, 4500 of them here in Washington. Brain Truster Rex Tugwell is in charge, and is giving his full time to it. The thing is so octopuslike that it’s a little hard to understand, and even hard to organize. B it it's all based on a theory, and if you know the theory, you can grasp more easily what the Resettlement Administration is. tt tt tt THE theory is that farmers, ever since we can remember, simply went out and farmed their land. They wore it out, then moved to new lands. But now’ there isn't much new land to move to. Their method of crop rotation (or lack of it) coupled with grazing, has exhausted the land, denuded it, and now’ it is blowing away. They say that in 20 years our farm land is going to be pretty well shot unless something is done, and that in 75 years even a self-respecting cactus wouldn’t be seen on most of it. So, the Resettlement Administration was formed to do something about this land, and, more immediately, something about the people going hungry on it. The Resettlement Administration has $261,000,000 to work with for a year. They'll use $180,000,000 of this actually to help half a million farmers right where they are. In other words, it's a form of relief. In addition. 50.000 farm families will be moved this year by Resettlement. There isn't any mass movement from one place to another. No covered-wagon caravans or long freight trains of furniture. Usually they'll just be moved from a poor farm to a better one nearby, and the government will help them get started again, through loans and so on. a a tt Resettlement will spend $40,000,000 in buying 10,000.000 acres of no-good land. Some of this will be made into parks. Some will be reforested. Some of it the farmers will remain on, trying to build it back up. Most of this land is being bought in the Midwest “dust belt,” and in the cotton-raising South. Resettlement doesn’t plan to depopulate any vast areas. It isn’t as spectacular as that. But they feel that if the program of shifting from bad land to better could be continued for 20 years, with the proper reforestation, and the right kind of farming, and good fertilizing, all the bad land could be built back up again, and the bugaboo of a Great American Desert 75 years hence thoroughly scotched.

Times Books

HARVEY OCONNOR, who did such a spirited surgical job on the sainted Andrew in his biography, "Mellon's Millions,” returns to the wars with an equally good job in a book called “Steel —Dictator.” (John Day Cos.. 53.) This book, as the title suggests, is an examination of the great steel industry and its leading figures. Mr. O Connor begins his tale with the rise of Carnegie. Frick, and Schwab in the closing years of the nineteenth century, carries it through the vast era of cartelization begun by the elder Morgan, and winds up by declaring that private control of the industry has outlived its usefulness. The industry, he says, suffers because it is largely run by men who neither know nor care much about the making and selling of steel, but are interested solely in the financial end of things. a a a IT maintains a rigid price system, it rules its employes with feudal brutality, it wilfully restricts its output of a needed commodity; and, he concludes: "The nominal owners of the Steel Corp. control nothing and contribute nothing. "The Steel Corp. has become a racket for the nourishment of bankers, brokers, gamblers, lawyers, and executives. It is no longer able to furnish work or wages sufficient to keep its employes off relief roll , =. "The conclusion Is plain that private ownership of the corporation has outlived any usefulness which the classical economists once postulated. . The price the finance-capitalists ask in poverty, violence, social decay, is too high.” A spirited and stimulating book, this. (By Bruc® Cotton.)

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Ger.. Hugh S. Johnson