Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 189, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 October 1935 — Page 17

It Seems to Me HEffIOOD BROUN r |''HE other day I received and printed, with great A gratitude, a long contribution from a fellow newspaper man. and in my haste I carelessly neglected to idrntif’A him. This blunder was all the worse because he seems to me to belong in the top flight of American humorists and, with all due deference to Mr. Robert Forsythe, to remain the leader of the radical satirists in this country. Os course I mean McAlister Coleman. But speaking of tact, Benito Mussolini scarcely

lived up to Latin standards of ourtesy when the Italian government took back a medal awarded in 1933 to Miss Amelia Earhart. It is said that the Duce does not believe that woman’s place is in the air but rather in the maternity ward. And, even so, the medal having been awarded it would have seemed the better part of both tact and discretion to allow it to remain with the lady. Surely Mussolini does not mean to impose the rule that there shall be no o corations except for mothers. Perhaps his stipulation is

Hcywood Broun

even sterner. It is possible that no woman can obtain permanent possession of any Italian trophy until she has given three consecutive hostages to fortune. tt n tt M liy Not Honor Eaglet? I" HAD assumed that the Fascist, chief of Italy was . intent upon restoring the glory that was Rome. Like another Caesar, I thought he meant to send his eagles over all the world. Why not, then, give proper obeisance to an eaglet? Moreover, unless my rather meager reading of history is all awry, Rome knew and honored its great ladies. The civilization which was set up along the banks of the Tiber was distinctly co-educational. Caesar’s wife was supposed to be above many things, including suspicion. Indeed, I rather than that the Duce has tackled an even tougher problem than the conquest of Ethiopia when he sets out to put the women of the world back into their place. He would in sooth set himself up as another Petruchio and curb the forward females. But when they say it is the sun, Mussolini will never succeed in convincing them it is the moon. Within the generation the women of the world have found their place, and it is a place in the sun. They can not be sent back to live in a pale and lunar light. Asa matter of fact, although the African expedition is dedicated to the task of conferring the boon of civiligation upon a backward people, it may be remarked that the subjects of Selassie are more modern than the minions of Mussolini in regard to feminism. tt a tt Fascism and Feminism ALL T know Is what I see in the news photographs, but (he camera men have constantly featured the battalions of death which are composed of Ethiopian women. Nor is Benito powerful enough to obliterate the palpable facts which illustrate the progress of women in all lands outside of Italy. He can not, for instance, alter the circumstance that Gertrude Ederle swam the English Channel. And no decision of the Italian cabinet can take away from Babe Didrickson her athletic prowess. And I venture to guess that there is not a man in all Italy who can sock a golf ball quite as far as Glenna Collett not to mention the fact that Helen Moody and Helen Jacobs might well constitute a doubles team capable of holding their own with any male combination which Fascismo could muster. The arts and sciences, as well, know women who stand among the authentic leaders. And it is quite possible that Italian journalism is what it is because Italy docs not encourage the activities of women reporters. One of the most characteristic things about Fascism in all countries where it flourishes is the fact that it, degrades women into a medieval condition. This is no accident. Fascism and war are inevitably twinned. In the pictures which have been printed of huge gatherings in public places celebrating war the assemblages are made up wholly of men. It is not unreasonable to assume that the women of Italy do not accept the full temperature of the war frenzy. They would be less than human if they gladly gave father and son, husband and lover to further the imperialistic gesture of Mussolini. And though Fascism has thrust them back into the home, that is the very spot where they will organize effectively to bring about the downfall of the dictator. After all, the weakest link in the Italian war machine is the morale of those at home. The women of Italy will eventually make their protest known and heard and find a solidarity with their sisters throughout the world. (Copyright, 1935)

Your Health BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

nPHERE are so many different kinds of headaches that you should not immediately ascribe any one you might get to some disturbance of the stomach or digestion, even though that seems to be the most frequent form. There may be some trouble with your stomach, but perhaps your nervous system is more to blame. Possibly, also, some other condition may be involved, such as infection of the- sinuses, to which both nervous and stomach ailments may be secondary. Headaches may be due to infections, to tumors in the brain, to hardening of the arteries, to difficulties with vision, high blood pressure, kidney disturbances, heart weakness, sensitivity to various foods and pollens, lead poisoning, deficient action of the thyroid, and other causes. Each of the conditions must be ruled out before the attention is definitely turned to the gastro-intestinal tract. Three types of headaches are regularly associated with disturbances of the digestion. The first type is regularly associated with constipation. Persons in this group insist they have a headache if they do not have an action of the bowels every 24 hours. tt tt tt ANOTHER group of headaches is associated regularly with indigestion. Then there is the. sick headache sometimes associated with sensitivities to certain foods. The only headaches that are directly due solely to the gastro-intestinal tract are the ones regularly associated with constipation. The others would seem to be brought about by the gastro-intestinal tract and some associated condition. You can see. therefore, how important it is to make a thorough study of every case of headache.

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

EXPERIMENTS now under way in the Harvard Medical School looking toward tl:e prevention of deafness, have revealed the following facts so far, according to Dr. M. H. Lurie: 1. Deafness of adult life can be caused by the neglect of mild ear trouble in childhood. 2. Exposure of people to loud noises for long periods of time will cause a dulling of the sensitive hearing cells in the ear followed by deafness. 3. Certain diseases and drugs can also cause a similar condition of the hearing cells in the inner ear. 4. Explosions can throw these special cells off the vibrating membranes on which they rest. A number of experiments now In progress in the Harvard Medical School are following the method developed in 1930 by Wever and Bray at Princeton University. These experiments found that if an electrode was connected to the auditory nerve of a cat's ear and wires led from the electrode to a radio amplifier ana loudspeaker, any sounds striking the cats ear were reproduced on the loudspeaker. a u a TN other words, sounds striking the cat's ear pro--1 duced electrical currents which were suitable to operate a radio loudspeaker. Ihe apparatus has revealed that there are two important divisions in hearing. One is the conversion of the sound waves which strike the ear drum in o electric currents in the nerve. The other is the transmission of these currents by the nerve to the brain.

Full Leased Wire Serving of the Lotted Pres* Association

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Boake Carter

frare hopp* notwithstanding, Italy’s ivasion of Ethiopia goes ahead at full last. Vitally Important to complete nowledge of the intricate African situation is Boake Carter's sensational hook, “Black Shirt. Black Skin.’’ The Times today present the seventh installment of Mr. Carter's book. TN the provinces in the Sudan, slaves have disappeared. Then there are decrees against such traffic, so the trader who fouls the law must exercise extreme caution, tread unbeaten paths through unbroken jungle, and cross hot burning deserts, so as to bootleg his human merchandise across the Abyssinian border without being caught. The traffic lias become more and more dangerous. Jf a trader gathers up two caravans of slaves—about 25 or 30 per year—and 15 to 20 slaves survive the terrible rigors of travel, then he is satisfied. He buys most of his slaves from chiefs who are broke and need money to pay the local taxes. The trader puts up the tax money and takes the slaves. These luckless humans are herded together at one rendezvous, caravans arrive and then the trek to Abyssinia starts. The traders, of course, must pay tribute to the chiefs of the villages where a rendezvous is held —graft is a business which is as common as the world is wide! At the rendezvous, the trader has his own cache, a sort of scries of cellars. Open one and you may see half a dozen women sleeping together in a dark, hot hole in the ground. In another cellar you will find men. Every house in the village rendezvous has some sort of secret hole in the ground in which the slaves may be thrust to await the time of setting out' on the long journey across the hot desert sands. a tt a T T UNTING for slaves—mark A A that phraseology! Hunting for slaves is exactly the same as hunting for wild beasts. The traders gallop over great distances to fertile tracts of land, where they know farmers till their fields and cattle herds graze the livelongday. Through the forest they prowl with great stealth. They wait until dawn behind a thicket, at the edge of some clearing or pasture. Then when the dawn breaks and the sun streams its first rays through the trees, the herds are driven out to graze. The herders are often women. The ■ slave hunter waits, tensed and musclebunched. When the herd passes, he leaps, a panther-like leap of great power. A cloth descends over the luckless girl’s head. In a trico powerful arms encircle her. Off to the thicket she is carried and it is the work of a moment to gag, bind and toss her over the shoulder like some sack of meal. And the life of slavery for that girl has begun! The routes most used to return slaves to Abyssinia are not those by land, but by sea. And it is ironical that there embarkation points for slave trading ships should be in Italian Eritrea and Italian Somaliland—and Mussolini complains bitterly that the slave trade flourishes in Ethiopia! —all the time the majority of the black ivory traffic which gets into

Last Italo-Erhiopian War Went Unnoticed in the United States Until King Menelik's Forces Defeated the Invaders at Aduwa

BY FRED W. PERKINS T>*nes Special Writer WASHINGTON, Oct. 17.—The last great conflict between Italy and Ethiopia escaped public attention in this country until the crushing defeat of the Roman brigades at Aduwa in 1896. Yellowed newspaper files in the Library of Congress show that until early March. 1896. the Amerij can public would have had to ! read carefully to learn that hostil- ; ities were going on in northern Africa, and had been in intermittent progress since 1887. Little items on inside pages told of "Italy's war in Africa.” Even when the Italian regiments were cut to pieces at Aduwa. the event received only casual mention until more complete cables, three days later, disclosed the extent of the disaster—3ooo white and 2500 black Italian soldiers killed, in addition to 3000 Ethiopians. Then, for a few days, the news blossomed on the front pages. Editorial writers, having ignored the subject up to that time, denounced the government of King Humbert. "The Italian invasion of Abyssinia. like the French invasion of i Madagascar.” said The New York Times, "was a mere piece of piracy!” The Times atempted to draw a distinction between Italian and French campaigns against black countries, and those of Great Britain, on the ground that 1 the latter were for "Lusiness pur-

The Indianapolis Times

BLACK SHIRT —■ BLACK SKIN

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By Iloakc Carter

Ready to pit cold steel and eagerness for battle against the hot shot and shell of Italy’s invaders, loyal Ethiopians pour out of the hills and deserts in answer to Emperor Haile .Selassie's mobilization call. And they are just as eager to get to the front. Here, largely unarmed save for daggers and snickersnees which are concealed under the ir voluminous sheeting, you see a column pouring out of Addis Ababa toward the fiont to stem the tide of invasion.

Abyssinia, is done under the very nose of his own colonial henchmen. But henchmen the world over can be made to look the other way for a price. Bootlegging flourished in America—for a price. Slave trading flourishes likewise in this last of the independent nations of dark Africa—for a price. tt tt TT was all this traffic —a business 5000 years old—that Ras Tafari promised to give up when Ethiopia knocked on the door of the League of Nations and sought admittance as an independent, progressive Christian nation. This act created a stir throughout the world. And it also held what the intelligentsia like to call “an imponderable." Here was a nation, almost forgotten by the world, at any rate considered savage and wild, asking to be lined up on equal terms with the civilized world. It meant that this “w’ild" nation had heard of the League and trusted it. Its trust was so great that it was willing to give up slavery. Abyssinia sent four gorgeously dressed delegates to Geneva to press her claims. And the country’s customs and policy were so little known outside of Northern Africa, that the delegates were kept busy for a whole month stating their claims, establishing their status as a nation with definite boundaries, a stable government, taxes and diplomatic relationship. The world at Geneva learned that. Abyssinia did possess borders, though some were a little vague where they thrust out into the wilds of the dark continent. The committee was eventually satisfied that Emperor Haile Selassie did have complete and unified rule over his 10.000.000 subjects. The only stumbling block was slavery. tt a tt ALL through another month, the question of Ethiopian slavery was debated by the League of Nations. It was just like Congress in Washington, debating for hours and hours on the whys and wherefores of lobbyists, and jamming through in a few days, with a minimum of discussion, a tax bill designed to change the eco-

poses." .while the former were for "aggrandizement only.” "it was 14 months ago.” said The New Y’ork Sun. "that the Italians started south from Asmara, ostensibly to establish some more posts so that the natives would find it difficult to raid into Eritrea, but really for the purpose of gobbling up the whole of Tigre, and probably the whole of Abyssinia.” tt tt tt Apparently the public was not greatly interested. The news quickly faded from Page One. and there was bare mention when King Menelik won another victory some months later through a peace treaty. Perhaps America's apathy was due to the fact that in 1896 it was still more or less of an outsider to world politics. Also, it had fish of its own to fry. But the birth of the belligerent spirit that brought the SpanishAmeriean War can be seen in the newspapers of that day. Both houses of Congress had adopted sympathetic resolutions on the Cuban fight for freedom. The populace of Spain was incensed. In Madrid and other Spanish cities there were riots in front of American consulates, and insults to our flag. Twenty thousand people poured from a Barcelona bull fight one Sunday to shout through the streets, "Down with the Americans:”

IXDTAXAPOLIS, THURSDAY. OCTOBER 17, 1935

The Story Behind the Ethiopian H’nr

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The royal person protected from the sun’s glare by an umbrella held by an attendant in the rumble seat, Emperor Haile Selassie is shown here in the tonneau of his car as he sped through Addis Ababa on his way to inspect the bombproob defenses built against the expected Italian air raid of the capital. His troops stand rigidly at attention as he passes.

nomic and social face of the nation in the next decade! The Geneva delegates debated whether Ethiopia should eliminate slavery first, be admitted afterward, or be admitted immediately, receive the tag of civilization and assume the responsibility of eradicating slavery after. Students of the human race will not fail to smile satirically. In the South, in the United States, mobs cheerfully string blacks up to a tree for assaulting a white woman, or killing a white man, and “necktie” party leaders in the last 12 months have been known to issue invitations for the “show” to women and children. But we are civilized! Workers in the beet sugar fields in the Southwest earn as much as $7 and SlO a month, live in hovels and work 15 hours a day—but we a.re civilized! Ethiopian slavery began with the taking of prisoners of war and putting them to work. tt tt it DURING the World War, the European nations accomplished much of their work behind the lines, with labor battalions composed of prisoners of war. Germans dug British trenches. British prisoners labored

Eventually both sides officially said they were sorry, and there was a lull until two years later when the Maine was blown up in Havana Harbor. a tt tt PRESIDENT Grover Cleveland also was having his troubles. Opposition newspapers were accusing him of attempting to lure the offer of a third nomination so that he might grandiloquently decline it. One William Jennings Bryan, however, was planting oratorical seeds throughout the country, and Major William McKinley was emerging from Ohio obscurity. “Free silver” and “sound money” were becoming battle cries. President Cleveland, in early 1896, got into a quarrel with a large portion of Congress by appearing before a great mass meeting organized by the Presbyterian Board for Home Missions. Urging the need for home missions, he referred to “corruption, gambling and dram shops.” particularly in western mining communities. Whereupon the western members in both Senate and House arose to denounce the President's "ignorant and injudicious calumnies.” The motor traffic problem had not appeared, but there was a bicycle problem. One phase concerned the demand of some public officials, resisted by cyclists, for brakes on all bikes.

at German concentration camps. But we don’t call that slavery. We are civilized! Eventually the League of Nations arrived at a compromise. Ethiopia was to eliminate slavery as quickly as possible, and in return the League would recommend a membership ticket for the Abyssinians. The resolution was passed unanimously. The four black delegates from this ancient land of the Queen of Sheba were led to their places amid great cheering. The chief delegate, Dedjazmatch Nadeou, was dresesd in the flowing garments of Ethiopia. The entire assembly of civilized (!) nations’ representatives was highly impressed. The delegate was determined to make his speech before all these great dignitaries. He thrust his band into the voluminous folds of his garment. The audience sat tense. Was it to be a pencil or—a knife?—one could never tell about these savages, you know! slowly the dark man’s hand emerged from his pockets and unfolded a pair of silver-rimmed spectacles. tt tt tt HE thanked the League, dwelt upon the kindness and justice of the admission, hoped that ev-

TVyTRS. Charlotte Smith, president of the Women’s Rescue League, interviewed by The New York Sun, expressed concern at the “immodest” bloomer costumes that female pedalists were brazenly wearing. “In bicycling,” Mrs. Smith was quoted, “there is grave danger to the morals of young girls. Many fallen women have told me that their downfall dated from their first bicycle ricte.” Some New York and other newspapers habitually were twisting the tail of the British lion. There was even talk of war with England because of the Venezuelan boundary dispute with British Guiana, in which the Monroe Doctrine was invoked. Criticism was widespread of British difficulties with the Boers of South Africa. Expulsion of Lord Dunraven from honorary membership in the New York Yacht Club, due to his charges of “foul play” in the America's Cup races, was hailed as a triumph for Yankee independence and as a slap merited by the titled beef-eater. a a a INTERNATIONAL politics, as affecting particularly the Italo-Ethiopian situation, showed notable differences from today, Great Britain was said to favor Italian dominance in North Af-

erything would go well and Ethiopia would soon make rapid progress now that she was on equal terms with the rest of the world. The audience applauded warmly. That was how the slaves of Ethiopia were freed—officially! But habits 5000 years old—more than twice the length of the span between the coming of Christ to the earth and today—are not blotted out as simply as that. Emperor Haile Selassie has truly tried to live up to his message to the League of Nations—but the fates are against him. Fate— m the shape of the World War, the depression, the rise of Mussolini —has defeated him. Mussolini—whose word can send an Italian to jail for the rest of his natural life and who instituted the system of Fascism, which is a rich man’s system, where the laborer makes the best of what he can get—declares that the Lion of Judah, King of Kings has broken his word and is a barbarian! Therefore, Dictator Mussolini, will bring “civilization” to Ethiopia—the land of Kush, the son of Ham, the son of Noah! Tomorrow: In Action (Copyright. 1935, Telegraph Press, Harrisburg, Pa.).

rica, and London newspapers were quoted as expressing regret at the Aduwa defeat. Kaiser Wilhelm sent a telegram of sympathy to King Humbert. France, on the other hand, was suspected of secretly aiding Menelik. Much American wonderment was expressed at the tactical reasons for the Italian push into the Aduwa hills, when the Roman army was said to be suffering greatly from dysentery, and the troops were said to have been reduced to eating mules which had died from starvation. But Italo-Ethiopian interest soon died down. Plans were being made for the dedication of Grant’s Tomb. The G. A. R. refused to march in a parade with Confederate veterans. An important foreign dispatch chronicled the first performance in London of Messrs. Gilbert and Sullivan’s "Grand Duke.” A bright future was forecast for the authors One Theodore Roosevelt was making trouble for the bosses of New York City. There was bitter rontroversy over the Raines liquor law. America waved flags, joinpd torchlight parades, went merrily into the McKinley-Bryan campaign. There were troubles enough at home—until two years later when came the events that reshaped the national destiny.

Second Section

Entered a* Rei-ond-Class Matter at Postogipe, Ipdianapolis. Ind.

Fair Enough ISIMWEGLER /''VNCE a man has taken his stance, addressed the ball and started his swing it is impossible for him to reconsider and correct an error. He may know he is going to slice into the marsh or hook on& out of oounds, but, having committed himselr. her must go through with it. For ihis reason those statesmen and others with access to the public ear, who declared early in the game that it was a rotten shame that the poor, barefoot Ethiopians should be attacked by a modern military power will have to go on

pretending to deplore the invasion on that account. There is no chance to correct their grip or change the position of their feet now. It is too late to admit their real objections, yet in all the orations and papers since Mussolini made his first moves there has been a note of hypocrisy so false that those who took this attitude undoubtedly felt in their bones that they were faking from the beginning. All observation of the statesmen of the so-called civilized tribes and the entire record of colonial expansion utterly du-

el edit ihe idea that any of them gives a damn about the poor, barefoot Ethiopians as human brings. As human beings the Ethiopians will be no Worse off undei Italy or in a state of phony independence with their own kings and trappings than they were in their natural state. Probably the Ethiopians will be better off physically, because the Italians, for strictly practical, selfish reasons, will send in doctors and nurses, build hospitals and stamp out a lot of diseases which the Ethiopians in their present condition undertake to cure by witchcraft, and scratching. The Italians will build roads and railroads and introduce garlic, vino, horsehair cigarets and packagegoods. tt tt Weep No More, My Lady TN time the Ethiopian kids will find themselves going to school and learning to toss the Fascist salute at statues of a funny looking foreigner with a pronounced streak of ham in him who goes tearing around in a lion tamer's uniform, pulling fierco snoots for the rotogravures. Bv contrast with the present state of their existence, as described by disinterested journalists on the Ethiopian side, who may be presumed to pull their punches slightly lest they get in Dutch with the censors, Italian rule would be an improvement. To be sure, this great defensive war of Mussolini is a very solemn violation of one of Woodrow Wilson s most beautiful wall mottoes, the one about self-determination. But Wilson is dead, and his own country has come to in the last 15 years. In weighing the sincerity of the great, humans sorrow which has been expressed on behalf of the victim it is a good idea to consider the source and look up past performances. These will show that the most sentimental objections have come from statesmen whose own countries got theirs precisely the way that Mussolini is proceeding to get his. tt a tt That Panama ‘Revolution ’ jyrUSSOLINI has plenty of precedent for his burglary, and any one on this side of tha water who feels sad about the injustices to the all-but-conquered Ethiopians ought to backtrack a few decades and start by feeling sorrv for, say the people of Colombia, who lost the Panama Canal site to the United States by an opportune ‘•revolution' , which found an American war vessel opportunely standing by to prevent the Colombians from sunpressing the rebellion. There were some who marveled at the timeliness of the “revolution” in Panama and marveled still more at the almost unseemly alacrity with w’hich the American government recognized the new state And Mussolini can hardly put a pencil down on the map of Africa or the Orient without touch .y. a country which was acquired by one of these European powers whose hearts have been bleeding for Ethiopia. If the British presently should be drawn into a !T ar Italy tllere will not be a single man among the Tommies and the sailors who will be out there taking his chances because he thinks the Ethiopians got a raw deal. The early ones will be there because their government sent them there to prevent the Italians fror^ de ll loping to ° much P° wer in Part of the world. The others will follow on because the Italians a British ship or dropped some bombs on London and made them sore. (Copyright, 1935, by United Feature Syndicate, rnc.)

Times Books

r | "'HE popularity of the murder stories of Erie A Stanley Gardner :s probably a significant indication of the American attitude toward the criminal courts. Mr. Gardner’s perennial hero is Perry Mason, a hard-boiled lawyer who skates up to and over the edge of the law in his efforts to keep his clients from the gallows. Usually his clients are innocent; now and then they turn out to be guilty; but Perry Mason always sees to it that they get off, even if he has to break the law to do it, and he always leaves the reader satisfied. And that tells us something. Americans don’t care much lor legal forms. They dive under them in a criminal case to get at the essentials—which is just what Perry Mason does. These books must V terrifying to the English; to Americans, they are realistic and exciting nan A NYWAY, Mr. Gardner has written anew one ■*-*- —"The Case of the Caretaker's Cat” (Morrow: S2>—and it is a honey. This time Perry Mason is retained by the old caretaker of a rich man’s house on a matter of minor importance, and finds himself waist-deep in a murder case. By connivery and vaguely illegal skull-duggery he gets a rough approximation of justice done, in the typical American manner . . . and a swell detective story is the result. You might also be interested in “Smoke Screen.’* by Christopher Hale 'Harcourt Brace: $2). which tells of a homicidal maniac loose in a summer colony which is temporarily isolated by a forest fire. The action is fast and exciting enough to atone for a certain lack of reality in the characters and the plot *Bv Bruce Catton).

Literary Notes

Johann Fabricus sailed on the Veendam Saturday for Holland. His new novel, The Son of Marietta.” which has already been published there as a trilogy, will be brought out here in the spring by Little-Brown in one volume of more than 800 pages. According to its letterhead, the International Mark Twain society, of which Cyril Clemens is president, has as its honorary president none other than Benito Mussolini. Nancy Hale has just sold a story '•ailed ‘The Rider Who Lost” to Redbook. It has the Virginia riding-to-hour.ds sort of background and characters that made her O. Henry prize winner, "To the Invader,” so successful. Stuart Rose, who has been in charge of Little, Brown’s New York office, has resigned from that position to become an editor of the Ladle* Home Journal.

Westbrook Pcgler