Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 43, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 April 1935 — Page 10

PAGE 10

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Give Light nn>t the people Will r<n4 Their Own Wn v

TUESDAY. APRIL* 30. 1935. STAMP OUT DIPHTHERIA Health Week” opens tomorrow and share by imwiunizing their children against diphtheria. For the slogan which has been adopted nationally this year to mark “Child Health Week" is “Immuniz; Now—Stamp Out Diphtheria.” No finer movement has ever been started than this drive to make Americas children safe from the dr ad disease that strikes children between the ages of 2 and 5. Deaths from diphtheria in Indiana were reduced from 148 in 1933 to 120 in 1934, the decrease undoubtedly being due to a state-wide immunization program. Parents are urged to take their children to the doctor for diphtheria innoculation as soon as they are old enough—usually after they have passed the age of 6 months. In this edition of The Times is an article by Dr. Thurman B. Rice, urging all parents to co-operate in this campaign to do away with the fcariul disease. All mothers and fathers will do well to take Dr. Rice's advice. “Dollars or lives, w r hich shall it be? To have your child immunized costs a few dollars. To build up immunization by the natural progress costs lives, children's lives.” That statement comes from Dr. Verne K. Harvey, director of the Indiana division of Public Health and it can well be taken to heart as one of the sanest utterances of 1935. Immunize your child . . . and stamp out diphtheria.

ROOSEVELT AND RAILROADS PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT did well to include in his "must'’ program for this Congress legislation "designed to improve the status of our transportation system.” In his Sunday night talk he urged measures to strengthen the merchant marine ar.d air transport. He pointed to the need of regulating the railways' competitors on water and highway. He stressed the necessity of empowering the Interstate Commerce Commission to ‘‘carry out a rounded conception of the national transportation system in which the benefits of private ownership are retained while the public stake in these important services is protected by the public's government.” This is a general White House indorsement of the Eastman program now before Congress. That would enlarge the ICC, creating special divisions for regulating motor carriers, airways, waterways and pipelines; make permanent and enlarge the powers of the Co-ordinator of Transportation to include planning, waste elimination of rail investors by "piratical reorganizers.” Pending also is the favorably reported Wheeler resolution to investigate those scandalous chapters in American boom finance that relate to rail "reorganization.” This is Important. It is obvious the American railroads can not continue to live a hand-to-mouth existence. They must refund their staggering debt of 800 million dollars. They must cut out the waste of duplicating lines without making the workers take the brunt of co-ordination. They must increase their revenues, without driving business into the arms of their competitors. They must restore the shaken confidence of the investing public. They must modernize and rationalize their lines and retire their obsolete equipment. There are three open ways for the railways. One is the dangerous track that has all but wrecked them so far. Another is the track toward government ownership. A third is the way of strict and co-ordinated government regulation as proposed by the Eastman program. The President has thrown the switch to this Eastman track as the safest way for both the railroads and the public. If this fails, then government ownership probably will follow almost automatically. THE BIGGEST MARKET NOT even the government’s giant worksrelief program can solve the depression alone. Private initiative must help. Millions are idle. Yet a survey of housing In 6i American cities directed by the Department of Commerce shows that out of 2,428,907 dwelling units, only 946.553 are in good condition. The remainder, excepting 41.891 found unfit for use, are in need of minor or major repairs. This sample survey of dwellings should Interest not only building supply dealers, who are shown a vast market, but home equipment dealers. There are 612.977 of these city homes without baths. There are 449.627 without indoor water closets. Only 447,135 have mechanical refrigeration. Less than 75 per cent are supplied with gas or electric stoves. In modem cities, none of these conveniences could be termed “extravagances.” In rural homes, of course, the undeveloped market for improvements is even greater. If stagnant industries seek recovery, their course is to support measures which will give this and other great markets for manufactured goods needed purchasing power. The market is there. WHAT MAN HATH WROUGHT ON March 10, 1876. Prof. Alexander Graham Bell sat at a telephone in his Boston home and talked through it to his assistant in the next room. "Come here, Mr. Watson,” were his words, "I want you.” That was the first successful phone conversation. A few days ago President Walter S. Gifford of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company picked up a phone in his New York office and asked to speak to Vice-President T. G. Miller, 50 feet away. The call had been

routed clear around the globe, over a 23,000mile phone and radio circuit through San Francisco, Java, Amsterdam and London. It was the first two-way phone talk around the ear.h, and the voices girded the globe In a quarter of one second. Mr. Gifford said; “This Is another step in the conquest of time and space by man, and proves there are no earthly limits to human speech.” Thoreau would have remarked that what men say to each other is more important than how far their voices carry. It is important, however, that science is making the world a smaller, less mysterious planet. Americans who span the globe with speech, listen to radio broadcasts from Russia and Germany, fly with mail to Honolulu en route to China, will realize that all peoples are neighbors, that national lines are as artificial as state lines. Science and business are teaching lessons that even isolationist politicians some day will learn. THE COST OF WAR r T''HE World War, blameworthy for most of human dolor nowadays, stands accused by Jerry McQuade, drug trade journal editor, of responsibility for America's $350,000,000 annual cosmetic bill. No, it wasn't that the women of 1917 daubed themselves with war paint and found it becoming. It better let Mr. McQuade explain: “Women before the war neglected their looks after marriage. While the men were overseas, shortage of dress material, which was being used for bandages, shortened dresses. “When tne men returned, their wives noticed approving glances of the husbands at the trim younger women they passed on the streets, and as a result they began trying to improve their own looks to keep in competition.” CAUSE AM) EFFECT IF the unexpected twists and turns of politics sometimes seem confusing, it is well to remember that nothing ever happens in a vacuum. There’s a reason for everything, and the law of cause and effect operates just as inexorably in politics as it does in physics. Recent news dispatches provide an excellent illustration. Seventeen thousand people jammed a great hall in Detroit to cheer enthusiastically when Father Coughlin called on them to “drive out of publ.c life the men who have promised us redress and failed.” On the same day, Senator Huey Long told Washington correspondents that he doesn't “give a damn for party labels or platform,” and that he will support some such man as Senator Borah, Senator Norris, or Senator Nye for the presidency in 1936. Now these two developments are extremely significant. They bespeak an upsurge of indignation on the part of the public—an impatient anger at the delays and failures of existing political organizations. And when you try to find the reason for this anger, you learn something interesting. On the day that these two developments occurred, a legislative committee investigating alleged relief graft in Ohio questioned Francis W. Poulson, state Democratic chairman. Mr. Poulson admitted that the party collected campaign funds from firms which did business with the state relief administration; and when he was asked if these firms contributed for the purpose of getting more business, he asked, “Did any one ever make a political contribution for any other purpose?” A committee member found this shocking. Mr. Poulson replied that “only the most naive could believe that people would give money to a political party just because they wanted to play Santa Claus.” All this is worth some extended thought. Remember, first, that every political party finances its campaigns by means of contributions. That's true of all campaigns—county, city, state and national. The money is collected from individuals and corporations. Remember, secondly, that we have here an experienced politician openly stating that no one ever contributed to such fund unless he expected to get some sort of favor in return. Can you begin to understand, now, the tremendous amount of pressure that is eternally assailing all our units of government, from Washington down? Is it surprising that the ordinary voter’s wishes are so often ignored? Is it any wonder that the voters are getting fed up? This cynical disclosure in Ohio makes it easy to see whence comes the discontent which provides a following for such men as Father Coughlin and Senator Long. COP, 1935 MODEL A UGUST VOLLMER, former police chief of Berkeley and Los Angeles and now a professor at the University of California, has been awarded the National Academy of Science's public welfare medal for his work in crime detection and prevention. Here is merited recognition of a mar who stands for science, as against stupidity and brutality, in meeting America's crime problems. Wherever possible Chief Vollmer used to choose college men for his policemen. He set up “schools for cops,” requiring them to study crime and criminals scientifically. He outlawed third degree and night-tick “law.” Courage, tact and intelligence were required of every policeman he hired. “Too much stress is laid on punishment,” he held, “too little upon understanding the criminal. Swift and certain punishment is needed, but not brutality. And mere punishment without prevention is futile. We can not demand too much brains of our police if we are to beat the skilled and brainy men of the underworld.” No King Canute may ever push back the threatening crime wave. But when it recedes we will have to thank men like Vollmer, with their cool and purposeful intelligence—not the passing low-brows and third degree dicks of law enforcement. Now that scientists have recommended grass as a human food, “Keep Off the Grass” signs will probably be changed to read “Do Not Graze Here.” The white race is regularly and progressively getting fewer, says Mussolini. But people have to have automobiles. Toronto professor says he can't tell women from men on a certain midwestern college campus. All he has to do is vatch a couple of students talking; the one that blushes is the man.

I Cover the World . BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS

WASHINGTON, April 30—Naval experts here are convinced Germany has secretly evolved “pocket U-boats” comparable in their way to her “pocket battleships,” and will shortly confront the allies with them as she did with her army and air force, Confirmatio nos this, they add. would bring the European embroglio to a prompt and drastic showdown. Chilled to the marrow at the very mention of submarines, the British government would insist upon a reckoning without delay. Records reveal that few U-boat sinkings took place very far outside the waters of the warring powers. Most of them wece near the coasts of the British Isles and in the Mediterranean. Hence small submarines in laree numbers might starve the British out. Germany is known to posses the industrial equipment for rapid construction of submarines of the 250-ton type such as are now reported being built. By standardization, such craft could be turned out on a mass production basis. Germany, this writer is informed, is basing her new war machine on two hypotheses. One is that she can not defeat France by an oldfashioned land invasion. The other is that she can not defeat the British navy with a similar navy. Hence her plans for a great air force, an unsurpassed chemical warfare section and a swarm of undersea craft. During January, February and March, 1917, allied and neutral shipping losses totaled two and a quarter million tons. The kaiser’s Üboats had beaten Britain to her knees. By official admission she stood with her back to the wall. an tt SHE was saved, by America's entry into the war. Another great sea power was there to help her defeat the submarine and build new tonnage to take the place of that lying at the bottom of the ocean. By the first quarter of 1918. submarine sinkings had fallen to about a million and a quarter tons, and Anglo-American yards were building ships faster than the Germans were sinking them. Britain thus was spared defeat by the narrowest of margins. And it was the German U-boat, not German dreadnaughts, that did the damage. Today the British government is more gravely concerned than at any time since the Armistice. When France informed her more than two years ago that Germany was rearming or. land, Britain was only mildly interested. Germany’s army could not swim the channel, and the Treaty of Versailles specifically forbids her to have military aircraft and submarines. Chancellor Hitler has suddenly and drastically changed this picture. His air fleet could bomb London 60 minutes after the take-off. On top of that,' the British Isles are in danger of being encircled by a moving ring of “pocket subs” to cut off their food supply. Naval officers here -declare that both the offensive and defensive properties of the sub outdo those of any other type. For a poor nation it gives maximum efficiency for the least money. It can keep the greatest fleets at a respectful distance. It can sink capital ships and play havoc with merchant shipping. Even Germany’s old-fashioned World War subs of 260 tons had a cruising radius of nearly 6000 miles and could spend weeks at sea without returning to base. German engineers, experts here are convinced, have not been idle merely because the Versailles Treaty outlaws U-boats. On the contrary, they are believed to have evolved a dangerous super-sub.

Liberal Viewpoint BY DR. HARRY ELMER BARNES

WHATEVER the temporary setbacks of the Child Labor Amendment due to the collusion of venal economic interests and subservient legislators, the battle for economic decency and social justice must go on unceasingly. A clear and authoritative argument for the desirability of ratifying the Child Labor Amendment to the Constitution is embodied in an article by the distinguished New York lawyer, Charles C. Burlingham, on "The Need for a Federal Child Labor Amendment,” in the American Bar Association Journal of April, 1935. Well known as a public-spirited ex-president of the Bar Association of New York City and one of the most respected lawyers in the United States, the patrioteering sweaters of child labor can hardly allege that he is inspired by Moscow. His views are those of a civilized American in the twentieth century, interested in promoting at least the minimum of social justice which is essential for even the temporary survival of capitalism. a a a IN the first place, Mr. Burlingham makes it crystal clear that state regulation of child labor is utterly inadequate: "For more than a century we have relied upon state legislation to protect children from the hazards of industry. State legislation has failed. Even today nine states, through exemptions in their child labor laws, permit children under 14 to work in factories; eight states permit children between 14 and 16 to work 9 to 11 hours a day; 11 states allow such children to work until 8 p. m. or later; 34 states have practically no regulation of the employment in hazardous occupation of 16- and 17-year-old boys and girls. The inadequacy and widely divergent standards of state child labor legislation are reflected in child labor conditions. Between 1920 and 1930, the number of children 15 years and under employed in the textile industry in the United States decreased 59 per cent. But in contrast with this decrease for the country as a whole, two important textile states—South Carolina and Georgia—reported 20 per cent more children employed in textile mills in 1930 than in 1920. In these two states children may work for 19 hours a day, six days a week. “In the North, the Southern textile mills had their counterpart in the sweatshops which sprang up during the early days of the depression. Children were an important element in the cheap labor supply on which sweatshops flourished. Studies in Connecticut and Pennsylvania revealed that in some clothing factories were 14 and 15-year-old children. "The medium average weekly earnings of 14 and 15-year-old children in Pennsylvania for a full week’s work was $3.31. The Pennsylvania Department of Labor further reports that although the total number of working children decreased during the depression period, the decrease was not marked as compared with the general reduction in employment for all workers. ‘ln 1931 when adulb workers were losing their jobs at a stupendous rate more 14 and 15-year-old children were employed in some sections of the state than ever before.’ ” a a a OVER against this century of failure of state control we have the remarkable achievements of Federal regulation within less than two years of the operation of the child labor prolusions of the NRA code. The situation in Pennsylvania is typical. Only tw-o children under 16 were found at work out of 12.000 employes in the cotton garment industry, whereas in 1932 one worker out of every 25 was under 16, During the last four months of 1933 not one work permit for industrial employment was issued to a child uncer 16 in the entire state of Alabama or in 27 cities including such important textile and clothing centers as Fall River. New Bedford, Jersey City, Hoboken, Camden. Buffalo, New York and Allentown. One of the most subtle and dangerous arguments against the ratification of the amendment is the assertion that we should let this one die and prepare another and more satisfactory amendment. Mr. Burlingham riddles this contention. He shows that it would be difficult, if not impossible, to provide a better composite of intelligent opinion on child labor than that embodied In the present amendment or to obtain more distinguished and competent advice than was solicited by the committee in charge of framing the amendment.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

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The Message Center

(Timet readers are invited to empress their views in these columns. Make your letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to ISO words or less. Your letter must he signed, but names will be withheld at request of the letter writer.) a a a FOUND: ANOTHER FOE OF TRUSTEE HOHLT By A. M. T. The question of immorality occasionally strikes out in every political battle, so that it is not unusual that Mr. Hohlt, a politician, should attempt to make political capital of alleged immorality at Southport High School. Asa matter of fact, as every parent knows, there is some immorality in every educational institute attended by adolescents. No discipline is able to curb all immorality among the human race, much less adolescents who are governed by their emotions more than mature individuals. Mr. Hohlt has seized upon an obscure issue to defend his deplorable position in ousting an able man as principal of the high school. Mr. Hohlt as trustee might as well investigate immorality among the taxpayers as among the high school pupils. And teachers will say that immorality is a constant problem which can never be cured entirely, however model the community or associates. You will notice that Mr. Hohlt has no more excuse than basketball ar.d immorality for the proposed discharge of men and w r omen w r ho have served their community w’ell and long. a a a HERE’S ONE READER WHO THINKS CHIEF’S RIGHT By Q. P. For the life of me I can’t figure out why all the raps are being directed at Chief Mike Morrissey in this bookie row. It strikes me that Chief Morrissey is attempting to do the job in a straight-hitting way. In the first place, his vice squad is a pretty good idea. I think that a crew of policemen working on one thing—and one thing only— ought to be able to do a pretty good job of mopping up. And in the second place, why all the furor against the chief for trying to suppress the bookies? It’s the law, isn't it, and isn’t he only trying to enforce it? The legislature. It would seem, is the gang which ought to take the heat. a a a “UPRISING” ENCOURAGED BY SOUTHPORT MOTHER By a Southport Mother. I have a boy who is a sophomore in Southport High School. He has never gotten into trouble* with the school authorities or any one else. I have always encouraged him to go to school and do his work well and never to meddle in other people's affairs. But when a principal as fine and as admirable as Mr. Addington is threatened by a bunch of politicians in general and one In particular, my blood boils. Mr. Addington has a reputation throughout this part of the country as an educator. To demote him is to fire him. Under such circumstances I would encourage my boy to foment some kind of action against the unprincipled forces of the politicians. Os allfthe needs in the country

THE CHAMPION?

Urges Crime Study in U. S. Schools

By C. B. One B. M. G. in the Message Center last Saturday was inclined to take the progressive view that the collegians who participated in the anti-war strike were nasty little sophomores whose morals probably were corrupted by pedagogs. B. M. G. also believes that the traditions (er umph) of these United States of America are lofty ones that should be perpetuated ad infinitum (ad absurdum). It just so happens that, ac B. M. G. should know if he ever went to college, that professors are a moral lot of idealists, most of whom would walk a mile out of the way rather than pass by the pictures on a burlesque theater. I am sure if there is any corrupting to be done, the students were smart enough to corrupt themselves. I take issue with the peculiar idea that any one against war is nasty or foolish. It is the B. M. G.’s of this world who perpetuate the stinking ideas of hallelujah patriotism that drive millions of men into mass suicide in the name of loyalty. The traditions of the United States are not particularly pleasant ones. The nation was built by greedy pioneers who had little thought for the welfare of posterity. Their tra "itions eventually wrecked the economic structure of the nation.

at this time, the first is the need for unbiased and intelligent educators who are not held down by the ties of politics. Any move that is made to preserve this wholesome condition no matter what the means may be, I feel is for the best. a a a TSK! TSK! WE THOUGHT YOU WEREN’T LISTENING! By G. A. T. Congratulations on your expose of the penny racketeers in the city's Negro sections. You are doing tn excellent job and from a one-time scoffer at Times ideals. I'm afraid I’m turning into a rabid follower. If you don’t watch out, you're going to have another good old "Rugged Individualist” turned into a firm nonpartisan Progressive. And I always thought of Progressives as the cohorts of Moscow. But look what you’re doing. Aren’t you ashamed of yourself? a a a POLICE CAR ACCIDENT AROUSES PASSERBY By Passerby, How can citizens of Indianapolis be expected to take the present traffic safety drive as seriously as it should bie, when police themselves, on duty in the squad cars paid for with taxpayers’ money, are guilty of reckless and careless driving? Just a few minutes ago while I was waiting for a street car at the comer of Kentucky and Capitol-avs and Maryland-st I saw a squad cai with two officers in it crash into another car which was waiting for the traffic signal to change. The policeman driving the car seemed to be more interested in waving to the traffic man on duty at the comer than he was in driving his car, lor

[/ wholly disapprove of what you say and will 1 defend to the death your right to say it. — Vultaire. I

B. M. G„ by some sort of perverse logic, has reached the conclusion that Heywood Brouns plea that all types of government be studied _in the colleges also urged that prostitution, bank robbery and gambling be taught in the schools. I believe that there could be no better place for the study of crime than in the schools. If the schools taught more scientifically the methods and effects of crime there would be less crime. Too often a sucker learns that bank robbery or gambling is a tough racket with little reward. His teachers could have been able to tell him that without the pain of confinement in a restricted area behind bars. The home generally is a poor place to learn anything. Parents are either afraid or do not have the ability to rationally counsel their young. The classroom is a place for all knowledge, even bank robbery and Marxianism. We would be a pretty lopsided lot if we knew nothing of any form of government but Communism. The same is true if we know no other political philosophy but capitalism. As free people we should have the opportunity thrust upon us to study all types of government and all types of life. Only when we have an opportunity to really select can we be blamed, if at all, for our mode of living or government.

the car began to skid while they were greeting each other. Friendship among members of the police force may be a good thing, but it should not become a cause of danger to other drivers and pedestrians. a a a FORECASTS ONE MORE INFLATION FLING By A Times Reader. It is inconceivable that American capitalism will go down without one more fling at inflation. Like a drunkard, capitalism continuously must drink heavily at the fountain of inflation to get what the mob calls good times. Ihe sobering up period is the period of writing off the high ball of expanding debt and o that develops from the profit system of production. All previous depressions provided a period of new inflation, after the previous inflation had a thorough dry cleaning of those who were foolish enough to borrow money during the inflationary period. Anew crop of Simple Simons creates the new inflationary debt structure that represents the booking profits of capitalism. It's just like getting drunk on new wine, with a long hangover. This is what the American people want and what they prefer to cal! the American wav. The more senseless, the better they like it. It is not “goods” they really want. It is that fueling of exhilaration which comes from bookkeeping profits that always evaporate, because the goods can never be worth more than the social value they possess. But we must hit the bottle cf inflation again and take another puff on the opiurn pipe for another prosperity nightmare. t It ought to last until 1941, then we ought to take the Keeney cure

APRIL 30, 1935

and institute a planned program of creating real social values continuously. But now we’ll have another drink of inflation. It will be a mixed highball of credit expansion with a little currency expansion. Step up to the bar and borrow now. AND HERE’S ONE WHO’S “AGIN” THE BONUS By R. A. C. All this talk about the bonus and all the good it’s going to do gets me good and mad. The big guns behind the bonus drive are the American Legionnaires, who certainly don’t need the money. What America needs instead of the bonus is honest-to-goodness pensions for the ill and disabled veterans, and the widows and orphans of the men who sacrificed their lives while a lot of army-camp boys were drilling over here with unloaded guns. When the American Legion comes out flat-footed for no bonus, but for drastically increased payments for pensions, then I’ll take to heart the efft-repeated protestations of Legion sincerity. No. I didn’t see service overseas, but I’m sick of hearing of the government’s penury from my well-fed neighbor, who is a Legionnaire.

So They Say

Unless our government now begins to curtail its reckless spending, this country will be in a stinking mess.— Roger Babson. The crisis under which North America is laboring is partly a crisis of (depopulation.— Mussolini. If the government reiterates the cry that Britain is now on the road to prosperity, it shouldn’t overlook the fact that the cry may re-echo in America and an answering cry come: “What about the debt you owe us?”—Morgan Jones, British laborite. I no longer doubt. I know that there is nothing after death—nothing to look forward to in joy or fear. I am going to die in a little while and that will be the end—absolutely the end—Clarence Darrow.

Daily Thought

Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise.— Proverbs, 6:6. THERE is always hope in a man who actually and earnestly works. In idleness alone is there perpetual despair.—Carlyle.

Sufficiency

BY M. E. MARLOWE This is the sum of happine** for me: Springtime and sun and cool, white stars without; A flowering bush beside my house to be A fetish ’gainst all heresy and doubt; A book, a song by candle light—and the*.