Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 35, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1935 — Page 9

APRIL 20, 1935

It Seems to Me HEYWOOD BROUN A FEW nights *go I was jeadtng anew novel, as /V yet unpublished, about the war. It seemed to me a brilliant book and one likely to attract great interest, particularly as its major phase represents a novelty In treatment. But in the earlier chapters, which concern the slaughter of a little group of replacements, I had a sense of the inadequacy of much that la written in the hope of making war impossible. • Seemingly, man can not be induced to give up

conflict no matter how eloquent is the testimony of its horrors. The authors of France. Germany, England and America have told grim truths about carnage. The blistering evidence of the camera has been gathered into albums and still there are takers for one-way tickets to the road of annihilation. I wonder whether two other approaches against war have been as yet fully developed. The young men of the world could most truthfully be told that along with its other vices war can be one of the most boring businesses in the world.

Heywood Broun

A quiet sector may seem like Heaven to men snatched away from incessant pounding but to the recruit and even to the veteran, when his sleep Is out. It provides Its own peculiar hell of drab and deadly inertia. ALso, it Is well to remember that modern war is a sort of paper chase and that almost from the front line itself to base headquarters extend the lines of clerical workers cut*lrr army red tape and then knotting it up again ithf of glory may Irad ft man to a table F ' *ts day and night jotting down, “Baked bean.;- .ee groan.” o u * Tragrdg of Parting OUT of eight months as a reporter with three armies on the Western Front the memory which haunts me most is nothing which I saw at, Verdun or Vimy. As it happened I never found the line in furious action. Even the most fearful sectors experienced interludes of what passed for peace. But there was one sector where the agony knew never an hour of cessation from the first burst of fire until the Armistice. I speak of the Gar du Norde in Paris. Each train which rolled away from the station carried its full consignment of tragedy. Perhaps In the beginning there may have been some vestige of high adventure and some posturing of theatrical romance. By the summer of 1917 there were none but realists left to say farewell to the poilus headed back for the trenches. The station is at best a place of grime and murkiness and when it came to be a cavern crowded with women in black it seemed the very vestibule of Lethe. In three years’ time the wives, the mothers and sweethearts of France had learned to weep silently. It would have been less ghastly if there had ever been the sound of sobs or some wild shriek of anguish. Instead this was the deepest dungeon of an ogre's castle. The women, the men and the boys of France moved about along the platforms as if a spell w r rre on them. These men in foggy blue were about to return to the House of Moloch. They must bow down to him and kneel and crawl upon their bellies. an a Silent Farewells Eloquent AND so no one called curses upon his head or even dared to name him. It was the zero hour. Here hope and happiness were reduced to the dead level of nothingness. A few hours away lay the fury. Almost one would have welcomed some echo of the distant guns there in the silent station. The walls seemed damp with the tears of perpetual parting. There were none now. After three years one surrendered his soul up to Moloch without visible protest. Each man had but one drath to give to the monster. Body and blood, they belonged to him but it was not fit that they should garnish his plate with anguish. The keeper of the madhouse had tapped these inmates and they must return. So be it. They would go quietly. And yet in the Gar du Norde there were forces which foucht against the lords of Lethe and all their demons. The women of France did not cry out but each one clutched her man with the arms and the fingers of desperation. Would God there had been more strength in the grip of those who tried to shut out the world with a fierce embrace! In the days which are ours let the women of the world cling still more tightly to their husbands, their sons and their lovers. It is within their power to constitute the shock brigades again.yt war and the threat of war. They must break through the spell of silence and name the God and cry out their curses on him until they silence the foul enchantment of every’ drum and bugle. (Copyright. 1935 1

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

THERE is now hope in the world this week for sufferers from tuberculosis, arthritis. Addison's disease, neuroses, pernicious anemia. Bright's disease. fatty degeneration of the liver and angina pectoris. The nation's medical research men. gathered in Detroit for the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for experimental biology, reported important advances, either in the actual treatment of these diseases in animals or in the understanding of the fundamental factors underlying them. How soon these experimental results can be translated into clinical practice, that is. applied to human beings, is something which no one can say. There are many physiological differences between a rat or a guinea pig and a man. A process which works perfectly with these animals may require further study and modification before it is applied to humans. The tuoerculosis treatment may prove to be the first to gain practical application. Developed at the Henry Ford Hospital. Detroit, by Dr. F. W. Hartman and his associates, it has cured acute tuberculosis in experimental animals. The diseased animals are placed in an air-conditioning box which was designed by Charles F. Kettering of General Motors. The temperature is raised to 160 degrees and the humidity increased. The animal gets an artificial fever with a temperature of 105 to 107 degrees. This method will be tried almost immediately upon human beings. a a a ARTIFICIAL fever is not anew method of treating disease. What is new is its application to tuberculosis. Artificial fever, induced by other types of machines such as the electric diathermy machines. the short-wave radio machines, and the like, have been used for several years now with varying results in the treatment of arthritis and various infections. The researchers reported at the meeting all served to emphasize the importance of the field of hormones. Thus, for example, the treatments evolved for Addison's disease, neuroses, pernicious anemia and Bright's disease all depended upon the use cf hormones or other chemical factors which are normally manufactured in the body itself. These are concentrated or manufactured synthetically by the bio-chemist ai.d then used to compensate for deficiencies in tbs diseased animal. mam THE problems of angina pectoris and the other diseases of the coronary circulation of the heart, do not appear so near solution. But Dr. Louis N. Katz and his associates of Michael Reese Hospital. Chicago, and Dr. Carl J. Wiggers and his associates of the Western Reserve University Medical School. Cleveland, reported important steps in an understanding of the mechanism involved in the behavior and control of the coronary arteries. These are th® first steps in the conquest of a disease Finally, the reports emphasized the importance of animal experimentation. The whole advance of medical science depends upon the use of animal experimentation, carried on wisely and humanely’ by the competent and skilled medical men. of the nation’s universities and hospitals.

TVA—THE TEST TUBE OF SOCIETY

‘Treat Human Beings R ight, They Behave —That s Norris Dam Creed

of Norris told m©. Since lust Mft} , we - .■ ' I has shoes. The wails are papered with newspapers. Hefori

BY TALCOTT I’OWELL Editor of The Times (Copyright, 1935. by The Indianapolis Times) ’“VX/’E have not made a single arrest for a serious crime in the past year,” the big police chief of TYA’s model town of Norris told me. ‘‘Since last May, we

have arrested 38 people. All of them were charged either with a traffic violation or with public intoxication. There have been no felonies in this town. What is the most serious piece of violence?” Chief Kenneth Rause grinned. "I suppose the time someone hit one of the bus drivers in the eye. An arrest to us is always the very last thing to do. We try to solve every problem without making an arrest if we can.” The Norris police force is the sociologist's dream of what a law enforcement body should be. Os course, all of its 16 members are carefully selected by physical and mental examinations. They average 29 years old and the average education is high school with one year of college. Chief Rause himself was an all-America football man and is not only a college graduate, but has taken three years of graduate work in psychology and police administration. He practically never carries a gun. but one look at his magnificent physique and extremely able-appearing fists would be enough to awe any transgressor. Incidentally, he has never had to use those fists. nan POLICE headquarters at Norris have all of the usual paraphernalia, including squad cars, radios, riot guns and gas projectors, but these weapons, the chief declared, were merely for use in case any outside gangsters dropped in to make a raid on the Credit Union Bank, or the pay roll car. The ordinary policeman would be amazed if he took a look at the library at Norris headquarters. Shelf after shelf is filled with police reports and documents from all over the world, including the British Police Journal. Then, too, there are a score of authoritative works or abnormal and criminal psychology. Still another section is devoted to scholarly works on municipal and state government. Chief Rause noticed me looking over his library. “Yes,” he said, “my men read a good deal in their off time, but don’t get the idea that we are Boy Scouts. We have a ’Gnat's Eye Club’ and eight of our men have already qualified." To belong to the ‘ Gnat's Eye Club” one must hit three out of five acorns at 20 yards and shoot a double zero buckshot swinging on a wire at 20 feet twice out of five times. tt tt THE town of Norris is a miniature picture of what society in the Tennessee Valley should actually be like if TVA’s plan for an economy of abundance can be carried out. One approaches it by a highway, the natural beauties of which are unmarred by sign boards and unsightly barbecue and hot dog stands. There are wooden barracks set on a knoll in a grove of trees. Here the single men who are workers on the dam live. There are 152 houses for the married men and their families. These range from three to eight rooms and rent for from $12.50 to S4O a month. All are wired for electricity and have the most modern type of plumbing and water supply. The larger homes have two baths, sleeping porches and living rooms with big fireplaces. No two homes are alike. The building materials range all the way from steel, native stone, brick, cinder blocks to frame. Those having from five rooms to eight are completely electrified. Even the house heating is done by electricity. The Norris housewife does not need to go downstairs to shake the ashes out of the furnace while her husband is away at work. If the house gets too cold, all she has to do is to turn a switch. u u u THE interesting thing about all this is that the electrical distribution system for the town will have paid for itself at the end of 14 years and the actual cost of

DISCIPLES TO HOLD SESSION IN MARION State Christian Churches to Meet May 13. The 96the annual convention of the Indiana Disciples of Christ will be held May 13 to 15 at the First Christian Church, Marion. Ind., it was announced today by the Rev. G. I Hoover, convention secretary. The general theme for the convention will be “Forward With Christ,” with Frederick D Kersehner, convention president as chairman. and Frank C. Hustaon as music director. The convention will include meetings of the Indiana Christian Ministerial Association, with the Rev. Bert R. Johnson, presiding, and the Indiana Chrittian Missionary Society Monday May 13. City Named Shipping Center By 7 i met Sprcial TERRE HAUTE. Ind.. April 20. I Terre Haute has been selected as the traffic or shipping center for | the Commercial Solvents Corp., instead of New York City.

STREET CAR WORKERS ON STRIKE IN OMAHA Railway System Paralyzed by Walkout of 400. | By ! Prcf OMAHA, April 20—Omaha’s street railway system was paralyzed today ; as approximately 400 union em- ; ployes of the company went on strike, impatient with arbitration efforts of a Federal mediator. There was no violence and no at- | tempt was made to operate the cars with strikebreakers. The employes seek higher wages and recognition of the union. Special licensed “jitneys” were called into service to afford thousands of office workers with transportation. APPROVES UTILITY CUT Commission Sanctions Schedule of Marion Company. New rate schedules for rural and suburban communities in nine northeastern counties we -e approved today by the Public Service Commission. The rates were filed by the Indiana General Service Corp.. Marion. Ind. Four thousand customers are affected. Cuts in electric | rates will affect most of the cusl tomers.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

building the town will eventually be amortized by the rents 'despite the low figure that is charged each householder for the use of a home and electric current. When the Norris Dam is completed next year and the workmen have moved on to another project, TVA is expected to move its headquarters out to the town and take it over for its office employes and central engineering staff. If any detail in community planning was left out when Norris was built, I could not find it. Even the sidewalks cross the highways by under-passes. “A Norris child can walk a mile to school by himself in the morning and never once have to cross a street,” my guide told men. “We thought that as long as we were building this town, we might just as well do it right.” • a a a THE population ranges from 1400 to 3000, depending upon the number of men needed to work on the big dam. The people are about the type that would move in on any construction job in the neighborhood. Men from the mountains and share-croppers from the Valley lands are in about equal proportion. The majority of them have lived before in one room cabins as peons of either the coal companies or the cotton planters. Their wages run from 45 cents an hour for unskilled labor up to sl.lO for the highly skilled and a 5!4-hour-day six-day week is the rule. Take an average day for the ordinary Norris resident: He works his s!i-hour shift with no lunch period, comes back to a comfortable home, eats, and then has the rest of the time to himself. He may drop over to the Credit Union Bank and deposit his wages. Then perhaps he will drop into the library or the moving picture theater. After that, he may work for an hour or so in his garden. If he cares to, he may go to a trade shop -where he can learn carpentry, metal work or any of a number of other handicraft. a a a MANY of the families who moved into Norris had practically no furniture at all. They are using the lathes and other equipment in the trade shop to make their own furniture. Tucked away in one corner of a building is a small textile shop with two looms. This is a co-operative enterprise operated by half a dozen men and women who went out on strike in the national textile walkout last year and who never got their jobs back. They will make rugs, draperies. curtains and even bath mats at extremely reasonable pricer, for Norris people. There is no effort to force Norris residents to take advantage of these various opportunities. There is none of the self-conscious “uplift." The facilities for human improvement are all there available and welcome to all comers. There is plenty of play. I saw groups of men pitching horseshoes and playing baseball. During the winter, the town of Norris produced five basketball teams which successfully took on some of the toughest opponents in Tennessee. But all of the human advantages are not limited to workers on the dam who can live in the town of Norris. Men must be employed to patrol and service the forests in the Norris reservoir basin. There will eventually be 250 of them. They must keep the trees in proper shape and cut down fire hazards because the forest roots tend to absorb the rainfall like a sponge, thus regulating the flow of water into the reservoir and preventing the erosion of soil which would cause the reservoir bottom to silt up. u a u EACH one of these workers is given a comfortable home and a piece of farm land large enough for him to work at a profit. He pays no rent but gives TVA 100 days a year in his services. He receives a dollar a day while he is working. The rest of the year he may spend as he

75 MORE AUTOISTS NABBED IN CRUSADE Drunken Driving Charges Filed Against Three. Mindful that the safe driving campaign has reduced traffic accidents sharply, police today continued to exercise a vigilant watch on reckless drivers, drawing in 75 alleged violators in the last 24 hours. Three were arrested on drunken j driving charges. They are Herbert ! Eacret, 47, of 1035 S. Pershing-av; William H. Cohee. 38, of 3752 Ruckle-st, and Eddie Pyland, 31, of 253 S. Keystone-av. William Varner, 19. a resident of the Federal Transient Bureau, 227 N. West-st, riding with Cohee. was I arested on intoxication charges, after he told police that he was a : fugitive from an Ohio prison. The two municipal judges, Dewey Meyers and Charles Kara bell, handed down 44 convictions in traffic i cases yesterday.

l pper Left—A typical Norris family in a typical Norris home. Note the radio in one corner and the electrical radiator* under the window. Upper Center—A Tennessee mountaineer family of considerable affluence. Everybody has shoes. The walls are papered with newspapers. Before TVA, this Is how the family on the left was living. Upper Right—As twilight comes over Norris Dam, these two workmen are finishing up to go home. Lower Left—This was the only refrigeration that the vast majority of Tennessee households knew before TVA. Center—These two mountaineer boys evidently appreciate the electrical refrigerator in their home at Norris. Lower Right—This house rents for somewhere between S2O and S3O a month. Lower Center—For 512.50 a month, this former sharecropper and his family get comforts of which they had never dreamed in a three-room cinder block home. This is the smallest and least expensive house at Norris,

pleases, either farming his land or finding employment in Knoxville or one of the other surrounding communities. This touches upon one of TVA's principal plans for social and economic rehabilitation—that is, the companionship of industry and agriculture. It can best be illustrated by an actual example. A certain large industry in Knoxville was planning an addition to its plania which would employ 2500 people. TVA said to the owners of that factory: “Why build in KnoxviUe? If you do, you will have to go to the expense of constructing company houses for these workers to live in. When you are shut down, these 2500 people and their families will have to go on the relief rolls. Why not build your addition instead in X County, which is now entirely agricultural and where there are 3000 more people living that the agriculture of that county can possibly afford to support?” “If you do build a plant there, you will not have to construct any housing because this surplus population lives on the farm and can readily get back and forth from work. “Your pay roll will bring needed funds into that county, and at the same time when you are shut down, these people can live on their farms until you reopen. Your labor will be happier and therefore will produce more for you because they will not have that constant fear of starvation when your orders are not sufficient to keep your plant running. “Also the taxpayers will be relieved of the burden of supporting your people when they are out of work.” tt tt tt THIS is what TVA means by companionship with agriculture and industry. Section 7-A of NRA is rigidly enforced in TVA. A large proportion of the men are members of trade unions. Each union appoints a member to the Central Labor Council. This is where the differences are ironed out which are bound to arise among such a great group of labor. No foreman may discharge a man without that man having the right of appeal to the Council. If the foreman is overruled, the man is put back not on some other job, but on the same job that he left under the same foreman, the idea being to punish the foreman and make him think carefully before he dismisses one of his men. A jurisdictional dispute arose on the Norris Dam between the carpenters and the steel workers over wffio should have a right to do a certain job. The argument was brisk until one of the men said: “We are trying to show the world that the government can put up this job economically and efficiently. Let us discuss this thing from the angle of which can do the job quickest and best, the carpenters or the steel workers.” The jurisdictional fight ended five minutes later with the two unions dividing the job. Let us go back for a moment to that town of Norris and to its chief of police. “How in the world do you account for the complete lack of disorder and crime among 3000 men?” I asked him. “Treat human beings right and they will behave themselves,” he replied quickly. That brief remark seems to me to sum up in a. few w-ofus the whole aim of the Tennessee Valley Authority. THE END

REP. HALLECK AGAIN ATTACKS NEW DEAL Business and Industry Curbed, logansport Crowd Told. Charging the Administration with having “hit private business and industry in the head with a big governmental club every time they stick up their heads.” Rep. Charles A. Halleck (Rep.. Ind.) addressed a Republican meeting in Logansport last night. “Spending." said Mr. Halleck. “not in the name of relief, but simply for the promotion of economic recovery, has proved a dismal failure.” STATE DIETETIC GROUP TO GATHER IN CITY Association to Meet April 27 in Ayres Auditorium. The Indiana Dietetic Association will meet at L. S. Ayres auditorium. Saturday. April 27. Dietitians and nutrition instructors from state colleges and universities will attend. Miss Helen Schuller of the Methodist Hospital is chairman of the program committee. Miss Zeila jKester is president.

BREMER THREATENED BY KIDNAPERS' PAL Agents Seek Karpis as Sender of Death Notes. By Vnitcd rrf ST. PAUL, April 20.—Federal agents and police guarded every movement of Edward G. Bremer against a threatened death today while the trial of 10 persons accused of kidnaping him for $200,000 ransom was recessed over the week-end. Justice Department agents revealed yesterday that the wealthy banker is in constant danger of gang bullets, threatened with vengeance by hunted members of the notorious Barker-Karpis gang. The government manhunters said warnings of retribution reached Mr. Bremer three months ago. They named Alvin Karpis. the nation's Public Enemy No. 1, and Volney Davis. gangster, as author^^fl

Fair Enough HIM FEGLER IT is nice of various millionaires to give batches of old paintings to the public when they get tired of them but. probably, if the matter could be put to a vote, the citizens, like the abstemious bartender, would prefer to hav? the money instead. A turnstile count would show that the art museum draws only a handful of people as compaied with. say. a zoo. and. moreover, this art comes under the heading of durable goods and is a stout barrier in the path of the living painter.

The Administration decided a couple of years ago that artists were people and put a large number of them to work painting pictures of trees, -clouds, vegetables and rural characters with white whiskers under the general title of the American scene. In Washington, a force of painters were given a Job depicting jungle scenes on the back walls of the animal cages in the zoo but, through an unfortunate oversight, the government forgot to have pictures painted of the painters painting the cages, the most American scene of all in a period

of strange confusion. The art treasures derived from the American scene have been scattered about the country in public buildings, and visitors to Key West last winter came back to report that some of them were now hung in the saloons there. Anywhere else, this might be irregular, but Key West is a city which threw in the towel some time ago and became a ward of the government. Thus, in a sort of way, the saloons of Key West may be defined as public buildings, no less than the police stations. Insane asylums and schools. a a a Chance for Sand Artist PROBABLY the best art for a country - in which the government is under the necessity of creating work would be that of the sand artist who modelscupids. cornucopias and fat ladies in a medium so delicate that a robust lick of the tide, a fall of rain or a couple of bathers playing catch with a striped ball will destroy a masterpiece in an instant, creating an occasion for anew one. But artists are a sulky lot with an inferiority complex. Realizing that they can’t work in sand they scoff at this form, overlooking its practical virtue. No sand artist of today, however, will ever stand in the way of future sand artists because, like the comic-strip men of the newspaper syndicates, they work not for posterity but for what it takes. The unfortunate thing about art Is that the better it Is the longer It lasts. Subject to very little wear and tear, a good painting endures even longer than an enameled steel bathtub, a cast iron steam radiator or a pair of corduroys, articles of commerce in which it has been found mast difficult to revive trade under the New Deal. A man with a tolerable painting has a feeling that he is set for life, and then wishes it off on to his heirs who reckon that if they must have a picture this one will do as well as another. Nobody ever burns a painting and. though the schools are recklessly encouraging young unfortunates to paint, the opportunities to earn a dollar are diminishing at a terrifying rate. Not only has everybody a picture w’ho wants or can afford one, not only do the fantastic values of the masters depress the prices at the command of contemporary artists, but even the advertising industry. an old friend of the people, has begun to shun them. a m a Camera Among Obstacles IN these times, pretty young gents and ladies, character people and types sit for assignments in the agency waiting to be photographed having headaches, brushing their teeth, shaving, putting on underwear, drinking whisky, smoking cigarets and pipes, stepping into automobiles, and worrying in their sleep. Like the movie extras of Hollywood, they are cataloged as to whether they own evening dress, white flannels and golf bloomers, whether they have whiskers, and how effective they were in their last advertisements. The artist used to paint the ilustrations for the ads, but now much of this business has been withdrawn from him and handed over to the photographer. So there he is. He can’t do comic strips because he can’t draw that badly. He can’t do ads because the camera took his job. and he can’t break into the museums until he has been dead for at least a hundreds years and a millionaire from some foreign land comes along, calling himself a connoisseur, to buy up something for a million dollars which he had to paint for the price of a meal as a backdrop to soothe the homesickness of a public lion which was feeding better than he was at the time. Multimillionaire collectors are only moving men at the best, transferring paintings from one country to another for a while, and the paintings which they preserve entertain almost nobody. If an artist asks a thousand dollars for a painting that is more than anybody will *pay him. and if he asks only 50. he is still out of luck. Nobody wants a SSO painting. (Copyright, 1935, by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.t

Your Health -BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

WOMEN who are getting on in years should be particularly careful with thpir eves. Being of a more highly strung temperament, they are more subject than are men to certain types of a serious eye disease called glaucoma. The chief symptom of glaucoma is a sudden increase of the tension or pressure of the eye caused by accumulation of fluid. It Is most common in persons past 50. although occasional cases have been reported in persons 20 or 30 years old. The recurring, congestive types of glaucoma affect women more than men, hut in the chronic form of the disease the sexes are affected about equally. a a a EXCITEMENT often is a factor in producing an attack, because during excitement the blood vessels in the eyes dilate. For this reason, those suffering from glaucoma are told to lead quiet lives and to limit use of their eyes as much as possible. Once this condition has begun in an eye. it tends to progress so that the cases in which the symptom develops occasionally and disappears gradually pass over into the chronic type of case. Glaucoma once was considered an incurable condition. Nowadays it is established that early treatment may be helpful ir, overcoming the disease, or at least in preventing its progress. Also there have been developed surgical operations involving a release of the tension which brings about saving of the sight. a a a IN the gradually progressive form of glaucoma with the tension in the eye steadily increasing and with failure of drugs which contract the pupil to be of any service, operations are advised for relief of the tension. In the simple types of glaucoma, with the tension increased only slightly, it is possible to have relief for years by use of drugs which contract the pupil. It is, however, highly desirable for persons with this milder form of the disease to be examined regularly so that the first sign of any narrowing of their visual fields may be determined and operation done before the vision Ls lost. Burgery should not be postponed too long in such cases, because the more the eye has been damaged before the surgical operation, the less is the chanc# for relief as a result of the operative procedure.

Questions and Answers

Q—Name the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Education and Labor. A—Senator David I. Walsh of Massachusetts. Q—How is the name Jobyna pronounced, and what does it mean? A—lt Ls a recently coined name of Teutonic form, suggesdng a persecuted friend It ls pronounced - jo-by-nah, the accent being on the second syllable. —'' -’’ . ' ■" -f U* ■ ’ ''■

PAGE 9

r% \n ■ iTJi tksWfm

Westbrook Prgler