Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 34, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 April 1935 — Page 25

It Seems to Me HEVDWI BROUN THERE has been so much confusion up at Albany, N. Y.. that I can't find out whether or not that bill on nudism became a law or fell by the wayside. I hope it has not become a living statute because the terms are very muddled in my mind, I have it all mixed up with pari-mutuels. As 7 understand it the measure has somethinf; to do with odds or, at any rate, the ratio of the sexes. One person at a time, of any sex, can be nude. The law doesn't prevent that which is a comfort. We

can't ail be firemen antj sleep with our trou.ers on. Unless I’m mistaken two people can go around unclaid if it is summer and they happen to be married. That is. of course, two people of different sexes. As long as you stay the same sex hundreds and hundreds can go about naked. It will not be necessary to drain the plunge in every turkish bath. But once a single co-ed is introduced and the entire picture changes. It Is here the law steps in and the males must run to cover or go to jail. Curiously enough A1 Smith seems

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Heywood Broun

to be the most ardent advocate of the measure. I wonder whether he has considered the difficulties of enforcement. Bootleg nudism might flourish prodigiously. Take my own case for instance. I suppose I'm as modest as the next one. In fact I’ll bet 10-to 1 on myself against the next one and that offer holds until I’ve completed my campaign of reduction. On a bathing beach I even keep on my entire suit consisting of trunks, shirt, bathrobe, slippers, cigarets, matches and flask of gin in case of sudden chill. m * m He'd Violate the Law WHEN I enter the water I slip out of the bathrobe suddenly after looking in all directions In search of camera men. I am not by the widest stretch of the imgaination a nudist. I am not even a fellow traveler. But those legislators in Albany could drive me beyond my strength. Just let them pass laws about what I must wear in the presence of the opposite sex and I doubt if many women will be safe on any beach along the Atlantic seaboard. I mean they will all run the risk of being profoundly shocked whenever I venture forth for an outing. If the bill about nudism ever becomes a law I’ll put the bathrobe away in camphor. I may even begin to tug furtively at m.v shirt. And if enforcement becomes tyrannical enough Heaven only knows what may happen. It even appalls xne a little to think about it. In a month’s time I may be making snoots at Lady Godiva and saying, “What’s the matter with you, girlie? Why be an old prude all your life?" It isn’t that I care very much about nudists but that I dislike reformers even more. The business of going around without any clothes out of some curious sense of duty always seemed a little silly to me. If there is to be any large scale movement back to paganism and the early Greeks there should be some weeding out of the candidates. There ought to be tests like those imposed upon budding automobile drivers. A few of my friends might look all right under the new dispensation. At least that's my guess. Others should be turned back for further preparation and not allowed to be graduated with their class. B * There'd Re Some Embarrassment OF course. I've heard the argument that the body is a temple and that we would all be happier, healthier and more beautiful without our great coats and galoshes. But it would require at least three or four generations to turn the trick. The period of transition might be a little embarrassing all around. And even when the great day of complete emancipation comes there should be certain limitations. Even though I resembled Apollo, which is not the case at the moment, I would hate to play contract without any clothes on. I don't exactly know why. It just would seem rather strange to say, “I bid six diamonds.” and then reach down for a match only to find you weren’t wearing any trousers. Imagine the late unpleasantness between Sims and Culbertson carried on under n.'dist rules. Still. I am quite ready to grant that it is wholly a matter of personal choice. If three people or 30 want to dispense with clothes who am I to stop them? Who is A1 Smith? For that matter what is the state of New York? As far as I know nobody has suggested that nudism should be made compulsory. As long as I am permitted to keep my own shirt on what care I as to the choice of Clarice or Clarence? (CoDvriehfc. 18351

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

TESTS carried out in hospitals in New York, Philadelphia. Cleveland, and other cities, indicate that anew chemical compound may prove highly successful in the diagnosis of diseases of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and colon. Tne new compound, which is used in connection with X-ray apparatus, is known as rugar and is a compound of barium sulphate. Barium sulphate is now in use in the making of X-ray diagnoses of the gastro-intestinal tract. It is administered to the patient and because it is more opaque to the X-rays than ordinary tissues, renders the outline of the tract visible in the X-ray picture. For certain cases, rugar is said to be superior to ordinary barium sulphate. It is a tasteless product of jam-like consistency. Its advantages lie in the fact that it is extremely adhesive when in contact with the mucous membrane and that it spreads very’ rapidly over the surface of the membrane. Asa result, it makes possible a sharp, detailed visualization by X-ray of the condition of the mucous membrane. It is particularly useful in outlining the so-called rugae, the parallel folds of mucous membrane which occur in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. a a a SINCE large amounts of the compound are not needed to obtain sharp definition, there is no danger of distention of the organs to be visualized. This likewise is a distinct advantage for the diagnostician. For several years, physicians and surgeons have been seeking a means of making the rugae of the gastro-intestinal tract more available to diagnosis. The lack of an effective means of doing it was deplored in discussions which took place at the 1934 meeting of the American College of Surgeons. Rugar has been developed in the pharmaceutical laborstory of McKesson & Robbins. Inc., Bridgeport, Conn. mum MEDICAL men have always been handicapped by the inability to see exactly what the condition of the gastro-intestinal tract is. Take, for example, the situation with respect to one of the moat serious of all diseases—cancer. It is a wellestablished fact that cancer can be cured if caught in time. The American College of Surgeons has records of more than 26.000 cases where the patients were treated or operated upon for cancer five years ago and are still alive and have suffered no recurrence of cancer. As is obvious, medical men have the best luck in finding cancers of the skin early. Such cancers are exposed and easy to diagnose if the patient will go to his family physician whenever he notes any suspicious growth or any sore which fails to heal in a reasonable length of time. It is also fairly easy for the physician to diagnose cancers of the mouth and throat. Often, the dentist can be of great help in noting the first signs of these. Q—ls Winston Churchill, the British statesman, the author of "Richard Carvel" and "The Inside of the Cup?” A—No, the author, Winston Churchill, is an American. Q—When it is 6 a. m. in New York, what time is it in Rome. Italy? A—Twelve noon. Central Europea&Xlma.

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TVA—THE TEST TUBE OF SOCIETY

Whole Amazing Project Like a Puzzle —With Power Vital Spark

1 pprr f.rft—fmort waters rushing through times their present horse power. L. wer Leu—the partially completed Norris Dam. Next year The switchboard at Wilson Dam through V y y the dam will be finished and this is probably w hich flows all the tremendous energy of TVA ' >;■ • jp "er. .1 lakes only eight men to optra.e Ihis ture will regulate the flow of the Tennessee mammoth plant. ‘ River above Wilson Dam and will flood out Lower Center—An enormous steam crane gS , '' ■ many miles of shoals, opening the river for dumping concrete at Wheeler Dam. Middle navigation. I pper ( enter—Wilson Dam with Right-Construction begins at nrkwiek Dam. its sluiceways open. Its primary object is navigation and flood conMiddle Left—The generators at Muscle trol. Lower Right—Work goes on night and Shoals. Thev now can nroduce 45,000 horse- day at TVA. Here is a steam shovel at Norris .. ■ i_, i n.m Ki<inrr Aiii nrrAn♦ rhiinlic of a. mountain

Upper Left—Hood waters rushing through the partially completed Norris Dam. Next year the dam will be finished and this is probably a picture of the last flood. Upper Right— Wheeler Dam under construction. This structure will regulate the flow of the Tennessee River above W’ilson Dam and will flood out many miles of shoals, opening the river for navigation. Upper Center—Wilson Dam with its sluiceways open. Middle Left—The generators at Muscle Shoals. They now can produce 45,000 horsepower. When the other dams are completed, these same generators will produce up to three

BY TALCOTT POWELL Editor of The Times (Copyright. 1935. bv The Indianapolis Times) 'J'O the Tennessee Valley Authority, power is not merely a matter of kilowatt hours, costs and profits. It is an essential and vitalizing factor in the whole program for bringing an economy of abundance to the Valley. For instance, if new industries are to be established and present ones more wisely distributed to take care of excess farm population which is now on the public relief rolls, plenty of cheap electricity must be readily available. Electrification of the rural areas will not only raise the standard of living of the farmers but will be of material aid in solving the whole agricultural problem. Today, a farmer is absolutely dependent upon his market. Most of the things he raises are perishable and he has no way to store them for a good price. If has 10 dozen eggs on hands, he nas to get rid of them, whether eggs are bringing 5 cents a dozen or 20 cents a dozen. He can not even save them for his own use. He may sell a hog to the local butcher for 4 cents a pound and then buy it back over a period of time in the lorm of dressed meat at 12 to 14 cents a pound. When there is a surplus of farm products. he still has to keep increasing that surplus and further flooding of the market. m m a THE only method discovered thus far for preventing this disastrous surplus is the expensive one of paying the farmer with government money to plow under cotton and to slaughter his livestock. TV A has another plan not involving this enormous expense and waste. It is based upon cheap electricity. A group of farmers in a county would get together in a voluntary co-operative. Each one puts a few dollars into a fund. A storage and refrigeration plant is built. When the price of hogs is too low, the farmer simply takes his pigs to the general co-operative warehouse and stores them in an electrically refrigerated atmosphere. There the meat will hang, available for sale or handy for him and his neighbors to use on their own tables. Such a plan would make the farmer self-sustaining and prevent the awful surpluses of the past few years. Private utility interests have kicked up such a cloud of dust around the TV A and its power policies that the issue is no* clear in the minds of many people. • a a IN the first place, the investors in private utilities are not threatened by TV A. which has announced a policy of purchasing private competitor* rather khan

The Indianapolis Times

times their present horse power. Lower Leu— The switchboard at Wilson Dam through which flows all the tremendous energy of TVA power. It takes only eight men to operate this mammoth plant. ' Lower Center—An enormous steam crane dumping concrete at Wheeler Dam. Middle Right—Construction begins at Pickwick Dam. Its primary object is navigation and flood control. Lower Right—Work goes on night and day at TVA. Here is a steam shovel at Norris Dam biting out great chunks of a mountain at midnight.

constructing competing transmission lines. Naturally, TV A is not going to pay inflated 1929 values to these investors for their property. But it is willing to pay them on the basis of prudent investment. The point is really whether the vast potential power contained in the swift-flowing Tennessee River is to be utilized up to 100 per cent. Only the government can do this. First, to prevent the reservoirs back of the dam from silting up, soil erosion on the upland farms must be stopped. There is a privately owned reservoir back in the Appalachians which built 40 years ago and which is now practically useless. Waste soil from erosion has raised the bottom so that, instead of storing water, it is nothing but an artificial cataract. Incidentally, this reservoir was constructed with the proceeds of a 50-year bond issue. No private power company is in a position to go into an extensive agricultural program to insure erosion control. a a a SECONDLY, the river must be developed as a unit; not one dam but several dams must be built. The statement has frequently been made in criticism of TV A that the great power house at Wilson Dam. Muscle Shoals, can not develop enough power to supply the city of Columbus, O. That remark is perfectly correct, but it is as silly to talk about Wilson Dam alone as it would be to speak of the power developed in one cylinder of an eight-cylin-der car. One must think of the engine as a whole and not some separate part of it. Let us begin with Norris Dam, located on the Clinch River, a tributary of the Tennessee. This is primarily a storage dam. When it is completed next year it will be capable of holding back 80 square miles of water. During the rainy season, this water will be impounded to be released during dry periods when the river would ordinarily be low. As the water is let out during these times, it turns two 60.000horse power generators and then flows on down to the Wheeler Dam. which functions partly as a storage dam and partly as a primary generating plant. As the water leaves Wheeler Dam, it will turn a 35.000-kilowatt generator. From there it runs on to Wilson Dam, which is the key of the whole project so far as electric power is concerned. This dam now has a total of 261.000 installed horse power, with space for an ultimate installation 612,000 horse power. a a a WHEELER DAM is so arranged that it can be used to regulate the hourly flow of the river at Wilson. In other words, Norris Dam is like a big tank on top of a private dwelling. Here is stored water for use over a long period. Wheeler Dam is like the spigot in the kitchen which is turned on and off as this water la neaded.

INDIANAPOLIS, FRIDAY, APRIL 19, 1935

These three dams working as separate parts of the same engine will supply ample power for the development of the Tennessee Valley. If the demand for power increases, additional dams can be built—in fact, one large one has been surveyed near Paducah, Ky.. and if this structure is built, it will probably bring TVA power as far north as Indianapolis. At the same time that this dam system is creating power, it is regulating the river’s flow for navigational purposes and preventing expensive and disastrous floods all along the Tennessee Valley. It is doubtful whether any private concern could possibly develop a whole river system in this manner. Even if private capital could do so, the people of the nation would hesitate a long time before putting so much authority into the hands of a few capitalists. The question is really not who is going to harness the energies of the Tennessee River but whether they are to be harnessed at all. a a a THE strategy of the private utilities, which are fighting TVA power, has been to allow the government to go ahead without hindrance and build their dams and power houses, but to bedevil the distribution of this power to the ultimate consumer with one lawsuit after another. Many experts believe that the utility barons have a well defined plan to choke off distribution, thus render the system useless and then they will be able to buy up the completed dams at 10 cents on the dollar or purchase the power at the power house switchboards for next to nothing. An important feature of the whole TVA program is that it shall be made to pay. This can be done by the sale of power. The private utilities realize this and figure that they can discredit the whole project if they succeed in preventing such sales. f There is no doubt that the man in the street wants TVA power and will use it. During 1934, Athens, Ala, and Tupelo, Miss, both began to get TVA electricity. From May, 1934, to December of the same year, the increase in consumption in Athens was 119 per cent and in Tupelo, between January ard December of the same year, the increase was 111 per cent. Subscribers in Tupelo, which has a population of 6361, saved a little more than SIOO,OOO a year in rates. In Athens, where live 4236 people, savings to electrical customers were $30,000 a a year. a a a BUT the TVA power program has another angle besides merely furnishing electricity. It is a vast Investigating body to find out what are the costs of the electrical industry. This is what is meant by the ‘’measuring stick.” Rates of private utilities are based upon their costs. These utilities have built up a vast tissue of accounting and legalistic practice until it is difficult to find Ajjt exactly what their expenses

The government by going into the power business itself is attempting to discover the truth about costs. It is charging itself for taxes, depreciation and profits just as though it were privately owned. The utility people are not happy about this. They have in recent weeks been keeping up a continuous clamor about the fact that the government is not charging itself sufficient amounts in the shape of fixed charges. The average resident of the Tennessee Valley is amused at this attitude. He does not care about the technicalities of the problem but wants his power delivered to his home, office or factory at the lowest possible rate, and if TVA can do it, he is going to take it. a a a IF an economy of abundance is to be built- up in the Valley, electrical appliances must be made readily available to the householder. Most washing machines, hot water heaters, refrigerators and other such equipment are bought on the installment plan. The private finance companies are geared to take care of such financing for families with incomes above SI2OO a year. There has for years been a constant debate going on among the manufacturers of such equipment. the utility companies and the finance companies as to just who is responsible for failure of the public to buy these appliances in greater quantities. The equipment companies tell the utilities that if they would knock their rates down, more appliances would be sold. The utilities retort that if the equipment companies would reduce the price of appliances, more people would buy them, more current would be consumed and rates would normally come down. Both then blame high finance charges for lack of development of this market. TVA set up the Electric Home and Farm Authority to make these appliances available to persons with low income. First they went to the equipment companies and got them to manufacture cheap but reliable refrigerators, ranges and hot water heaters. Then they put the government credit back of installment buying of these articles. a a a NOW, if Mrs. Jones who lives in the Tennessee Valley wants to get an electric range, she goes to her dealer and buys it on a time payment proposition. The dealer takes her contract to her local utility and, if her credit is good, the utility then buys the contractdrom the electrical dealer. The utility in turn then takes the paper to the Electric Home and Farm Authority, which buys it. It is up to the utility concern to collect the time payments on the monthly bills of the subscriber and turn them over to the Electric Home and Farm Authority. Time payments can cover as much as two years and the true interest charge is 10 per cent,

against about 20 per cent which TVA expert say is charged by the average private finance company. The EFHA is not in competition with the private finance companies because it is reaching down into a low income class which has little interest for these privately controlled concerns. The*results ol this effort have bee i amazing. a a a 'T''HE states included in the Tennessee Valley now lead the w’hole nation in sales of appliances. In Tennessee, sales of refrigerators have increased in the last year by 173 per cent and in Georgia by 148 per cent, according to the figures of the Edison Institute. This has been of tremendous benefit to the private electric companies. This presents a curious contradiction. The TVA power plan is being bitterly fought by the very group of companies which are benefiting most from a dollars and cents standpoint by that same program. The broad TVA plan for a rehabilitation of our modern economic society is somewhat like a jig-saw puzzle. Unless each part is fitted together, the picture as a whole does not fit. TVA is not primarily a public power project but power is a mighty important element. Without this, the whole plan for social and economic rehabilitation falls. Tomorrow—TVA and its human results.

MISSIONARIES FLEE IN CHINESE REVOLT Foreigners Leave by Plane; Army Deserts Chief. By United Preti SHANGHAI, April 19.—Martial law prevails in Szechwan Province, from which foreign missionaries are being evacuated rapidly by airplane, it was reported today. Reports from the remote province, hotbed of a revolt against the authority of the Chinese central government, said that the Twentyninth Route Army of the National Republic had joined the revolutionaries. Gen. Chiang Kai-shek, military leader of the republic, was in the area, prepared to take stem measures to wipe out the revolt. He has a large force of bombing planes which proved effective last month in crushing disaffection in the adjoining province of Kweichow. Famed Paris Jurist Dead By United Pre PARIS. April 19.—Robert Godefroy, 68. Supreme Court judge, died last nigjit. As prosecuting attorney, in 1922, he obtained the conviction of the mass murderer, "Bluebeard" Landru.

Second Section

Entered nn Semnd-Claea Matter at Postofftce, Indianapolis. Ind.

Fair Enough IMtoll PHER TT seems to an old newsboy that some of the ad- -*■ vocates of the child-labor amendment have been squeezing the sponge a little too hard in their sympathy for the ragged urchin, of the city streets as one who ought to be protected from the physical and moral wear and tear of this occupation. The children of the mills and mines are much more deserving as they work much harder and. generally, of much more pressing necessity. However, theirs is a drab life, whereas the character of the newsboy has been dramatized and

glamorized for a long time. The newsboy is, tvs you might say. in public life, with opportunities to meet people and go into his act. The Horatio Alger type of newsboy was an orphan waif with hollows in his cheeks and a heart of gold who suffered much to recover his stolen inheritance in the last chapter. This type was established as the standard a long time ago and has been maintained without revision although the newsboy, himself, has changed much. The fact is that for many years past many newsboys have carried

routes to eam pocket money either because they were not in receipt of an allowance from their parents or because they were a little more selfreliant than others and preferred the satisfaction of : arning their own. BUB They Ran to Work 'T' HE morning route carriers once were all young A athletes in training, most of them for the 26mile marathon which was then the favorite event, sometimes calling out hundreds of entrants of whom only a few would last beyond the fifteenth mile. The carrier had to run to get to the end of his route by the time the customers left for work so tha* they would have their papers to read on the car going down. It is your correspondent’s impression that nowadays most of the corner newsboys in the big cities are not boys any more but thoroughly mature men with definite ideas as to the winner of the sixth at Belmont or Pimlico and, often, with red hot specials for sale in sealed envelopes. In smaller cities, the route boys seem to be merely the neighbors’ children, earning a dollar or two for themselves at an occupation which is traditionally reserved for bovs. The tradition may be wrong, but the occupation, itself, is light. The late Adolph Ochs, the proprietor of the New York Times, was a newsboy in Knoxville. Tenn.. who came through the associations of his youth without serious damage to his character, and another newspaper magnate comes to mind who sometimes recalls early experiences in the newsboys’ alley of a city in the Middle West. A syndicate manager, who is certainly feeling no pain economically todav, regrets that the poverty of his family compelled him to hustle papers on a corner in good weather and bad when he was small, but he may be a little too sorry for the youth he used to be. He used to get his feet wet and he learned bad language, too. But if he had been a country boy he might have got his feet wetter doing man-sized chores around the place and learned even worse language hanging around a small-town pool-hall and barbecue stand, than which there is no more sophisticated source of sly and impolite learning in the land. B B B He Wnsn't Accountable ARDEN LAWES of Sing Sing discovers through his statistics that a large proportion of his guests have been newsboys of one kind or another, and this would seem to support the contention that this department of journalism is a school of sin for the immature. On the other hand, a judge in Oklahoma recently said of a young murder defendant, the spoiled and humored son of another judge, that the unfortunate youth was a victim of his raising. Accustomed to luxury, the erring schoolboy had never been exposed to the reality of the world and therefore was not accountable in the same degree as, say, a newsboy. It is also offered in explanation of the extravagant, frivolous conduct of the young scions of the great fortunes of the East that they had become bar-flies and a rap against the institution of wealth because they were raised in ignorance of the world they live in, and thus must be numbered among the under-privileged. They do not know what it is all about, but if they had had the golden opportunity to study life in the school of hard knocks, they would have been better scions and scionesses. A Park-av gang of news-urchins, of both sexes, might solve this phase of the problem. (Copyright. 1935, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

Your Health -BT DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

WHILE you are dosing your children witn the annual spring tonic of sulphur and molasses, be sure to look them over carefully for any sign of measles. This, you should know, is one of the oldest springtime diseases affecting children. The usual treatment of measles involves merely putting the child to bed, protecting it against cold, taking care of its diet and of its sight, and guarding it against the complications which are more dangerous than the disease itself. The number of deattis from measies is exceedingly low. However, when the complications do occur, or when measles is severe, its results are exceedingly serious. The room should always be kept fairly warm to lessen the danger of pneumonia. Persons with colds should always be kept away, because the danger of complication in the lungs is greater than any other. K * AFTER the child has recovered, it needs a good diet to permit it to build its blood and its body as a whole back to the proper condition. In addition to the usual treatment, medical science has developed a method which is of great value in making the attack of measles lighter and in lessening the total number of complications. A rather large epidemic of measles occurred in Glasgow, Scotland, in the spring of 1934, giving the physicians in that community opportunity to test the value of this new method. The treatment involves the injection into the child, immediately after the diagnosis is made, of the blood serum from a grown-up person who had an attack of measles in childhood. The serum is used not only to treat the disease when it occurs, but also to inject children who may be exposed to measles, with the idea of preventing severe attacks of the malady in these children. m m m THE Scotch investigators found that the attack of measles may be expected to be very light in 80 per cent of those who develop the disease, if they are given the blood serum within four days of the time when they are exposed to the infection. If the serum is given from the fifth to the seventh day after exposure to the infection. 60 per cent of the cases are found to be very mild. Without the serum, only 14 per cent of cases of measles are found to be mild. It is understood, of course, that the blood serum must be taken from persons whc had measles m childhood or who had measles fairly recently. However, the blood serum from persons 50 years old was found to oe just Is suitable as that from young men and women. On the other hand, the blood serum token from persons who have not had measles will not have thj* powdr to weaken the attack on the diseua. *

m M

Westbrook Pegler