Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 26, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 April 1935 — Page 11

/ (over the Hbrld WM PHILIP SIMMS WASHINGTON, April 10—British Pnme Minister Ramsay MacDonald and his foreign minister. Bir John Simon, will tell Premiers Mussolini of Italy and Flandin of France tomorrow at Stresa that Germany mast be brought into the European concert at almost any cast. This information has reached Washington from more than one source abroad. Britain is pictured p holding that under no circumstances must the conference at Stresa, or the council of the League

of Nations next week at Geneva, slam the door in the Reich's face. The British government is said to be convinced that failure of Stresa and Geneva to pave the way for some sort of understanding with Germany, ev>n if only a truce for a limited number of years, would be virtually tantamount to fixing the date for the next war. An already seething Europe would speed up its preparations for the coming conflict. A sort of terror would grip the inhabitants. Their every-day life would be changed as vast metropolises like London. Paris and Berlin, and the great inc- trial centers, accelerated their preparations to meet attacks from the sky.

Wm. Philip Simms

During the World War this writer witnessed the exodus of French citizens from cities in northern France as night came on, to take up quarters in dugouts at the edge of town where they and their children would be comparatively safe from air raids. Prime Minister MacDonald officially stated yesterday that, the advisability of removing a number of Britain's naval and military stations to less vulnerable zones was under active consideration. It is known, too, that the removal of British arsenals to safer places is being discussed, while plans for shifting certain war industries from congested areas are being drawn. mum Faitui( Ton Airful to Ponder TT* LABORATE blueprints are in existence to eonvert the Paris subway system into gas-and-bomb-proof shelters in the event of air attacks and, in case of necessity, the entire civiPan population could be evacuated—removed to the country—via these channels. Throughout Europe similar projects are under way or ready to be put into execution. Winston Churchill, former British cabinet member, holds that London might have to be evacuated in wartime to prevent wholesale massacre. Tfte British delegates are said' to be determined to do everything in their power tomorrow at Stresa, and Monday at Geneva, to turn the tide. Failure is too terrible to contemplate. Germany, therefore, will almost certainly be invited to a general conference this spring or summer. n n u Hitter Still Seeking an Opening AT least the hope is that Britain, Trance, Italy and Russia ran agree sufficiently on some European security and arms limitation scheme to warrant putting it up to Berlin. Failure to show rearmed Germany at least some degree of unity would admittedly give Chancellor Hitler the very opening he is seeking with which to split the former allies. A united front, however, will be difficult. The British, who are taking the lead to bring Germany back into the fold, are unwilling, for one, to pay the price. Herr Hitler, among other things, demands the return of some of Germany's lost colonies. Britain fell heir to the lion's share of these under the Treaty of Versailles. Premier MacDonald yesterday indicated that Britain hasn't the slightest intention of handing them back. And so it goes.

Today's Science BY DAVID DIETZ

MORE medical care for mothers, both before and after the birth of the child, would greatly reduce the maternal mortality rate in the United States, according to Dr. Malcolm T. MacEachern, associate director of the American College of Surgeons. While Dr. MacEachern thinks that comparison of these rates here and abroad may be unfair to the United States because of differences in the methods of compiling the statistics, he says that “there is no denying the fact that the maternal mortality rate in the United States is too high.” "Last year.” he continues, “an aggregate of 12,886 mothers died from causes associated with pregnancy and childbirth. In four years more lives have been sacrificed as a result of childbirth in this country than were lost during the entire participation of the United States in the World War. “Sixty-five per cent of maternal deaths are known to be caused by factors which are controllable. Eight thousand women who died because of childbirth last year could be living today had they received proper medical attention before, at the time, and after their children were born. “Maternal mortality would be greatly reduced if women would assure themselves of proper prenatal care, competent medical attention during labor, adequate follow-up for six to nine weeks after childbirth.” m m m BY prenatal care. Dr. MacEachern explains, is meant "the supervision, care, and instruction for the prospective mother during pregnancy.” “Prospective mothers must realize the necessity of seeing a physician as soon as conception becomes known or is suspected.” he says. “Monthly visits to a competent physician are necessary for the first seven months, oftener if indicated by conditions, ar.d every two weeks during the last two months. m m m rpo assure herself of competent medical atten1. tion during childbirth, the prospective mother must choose her physician with utmost care, Dr. MacEachern says. “She should select a physician who is a reputable graduate of medicine, one who has an M. D. degree, and is recognized as in good standing. And just as the mother must choose her physician carefully, so must she select a hospital that is prepared to give the best possible care during the most vital episode of her life. Three national organizations have done much to make hospital care safe and reduce maternal mortality. These are the American Medical Association, the American Hospital Association, and the American College of Surgeons. “The American College of Surgeons conducts an annual survey of all hospitals in the United States and Canada having 25 beds or more and those which desire approval must meet the requirements formulated.” Questions and Answers Q—Whose portrait is on the Heligoland postage stamps? A —Queen Victoria. Q —Give the population of Washington. D. C., In 1933. A—The estimated population was 495.000. Q—Which 6tates have Negro National Guard units? A—New York. District of Columbia, Ohio, Massachusetts, Maryland and Illinois. Q—ls there any difference in the weight of 1932 and 1934 quarter dollars? A—No. Q —What is psychophysics? A—That branch of psychology which deals with responses of the mind to physical stimuli, and especially the idea of physical magnitudes. The term la sometimes used of the relation of the mind to the physical body. *

Foil La*d Wlr* Serrlc# of tha I'nltad Press Association

THE ‘MIRACLE’ IN ENGINEERING

Genius Touches Peak in Machines That Help Rear Mighty Project

Thu fttorY i th* third m a of nix, telling of the world's greatest tingle man-made marvel, Boulder Dam, the motivea. methods, machines, men, and materials which made the engineering miracle possible. BY OREN ARNOLD NEA Service Specia? Correspondent TQOULDER CITY, Nev., April 10.—Man power of course is the one great miracle back of Boulder Dam, but some of it has been manifest through a medium worthily termed “frozen genius.” P’rozen genius, in the isolated canyon of the Colorado River, refers to machines.

Machines wheels and cables and engines and gears and pulleys and belts and chains and rails. At Boulder Dam, as never before anyw'here else in the world, construction machinery has reached impressive efficiency and size. Many of the machines there not only were especially built for this size job, but were especially conceived to meet the unique problems there. They are great cold masses of cement and metal, inhuman and inanimate, yet constantly performing miracles at the touch of a human finger or hand. Human genius frozen in steel. From the tourists’ Lookout Point, you can see a ‘‘little" hook on a "wire" reach deep into a canyon, pick up a railway locomotive and set it on another track 800 feet above. nun WAIT around a bit and you may see machines pick up a suspension bridge, and move it nonchalantly to a more convenient river crossing, say 200 yards away. Or down the road beside you may come on one man “carrying" a section of water pipe. But the material in this one is not quar-ter-inch lead. It is 2’*-inch steel, shaped In the dam’s especially built steel plant, and it is big enough in diameter to encompass your entire cottage home, with the garage thrown in! The man will be driving an especially built conveyance. “Yep,” he'll say to your question, “she's 30 feet across, and she goes In one of the tunnels down yonder a thousand feet.” They have machines to lower and connect it almast as easily as your plumber repairs a leaky sink. Back at the steel plant on the hill, they w-eld the pipe sections with electricity. Then a “doctor” carefully photographs every weld w'.th an Xray machine, hunting for flaws. He will have used about 29 miles of film when he is done.

The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By* Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen— WASHINGTON, April 10.—The secret is out why A. F. of L. chieftains are so confident that Donald Richberg will not be made permanent head of the NRA if Congress continues the Blue Eagle. They have the personal word of the President to that effect. His promise was given at the White House conference when Mr. Roosevelt and the laborites patched up their differences-

The President assured A. F. of L. leaders that Mr. Richberg—who continues to be anathema to them —would be removed from NRA command after new legislation was passed by Congress. If the life of the Blue Eagle is extended, Mr. Roosevelt indicated, he plans a complete reorganization of its executive personnel. On this understanding, the laborites agreed to the President's request that they drop their war on Mr. Richberg. mum SEN ATGR ALBEN W. BARKLEY is the envy of*fiiis colleagues. While they were wearing out shoe leather trying to find jobs for clamorous supporters, the bulky Kentuckian quietly garnered the prize patronage plum of the year for a member of his family. Senator Barkley made Max O. Truitt, his 32-year-old son-in-law, solicitor of the RFC—the greatest lending institution in the world. The job pays SIO,OOO. Mr. Truitt's only other public experience for his new post was attorney for the Missouri State Fish and Game Commission. Note—Senator Barkley and Jesse Jones, chairman of the RFC, aie close friends. mum THE four giant bombing planes which slipped out of the United States for Bolivia last week catised a terrific explosion in the State Department and are likely to bring reverberations on Capitol Hill. Departure of the planes was in violation of the arms embargo against both Bolivia and Paraguay and caused critical press comment in South America. Investigation within the State Department has placed blame for the fiasco upon Joseph C. Green, who did not seem to think it strange that giant bombing planes should go on a non-stop flight to "chart” an air route which had been charted several thousand times before. When Sumner Welles, chief helmsman of Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy, heard of this, he sent cables to Peru grounding the planes and fining the pilots. NOTE—Mr. Green, a former Belgian food-reliefer and close friend of Herbert Hoover, recently was barred from the Senate Foreign Relations Committee when he asked to present State Department views on the Sale of Munitions Treaty. m m m A DELEGATION of farmers from the drought-stricken Midwest painted a doleful picture to Henry Wallace the other day. Dust storms, they said, have covered crops, ruined vegetation, reduced certain areas to starvation. Cause of the storms, they claim, was the policy of the AAA. wh£h required farmers to plow up their

The Indianapolis Times

THERE are busses at Boulder Dam to haul workmen from th 'ir homes in Boulder City, that carry 150 men each. A 40-pas-senger bus was a huge one heretofore. Across the great canyon in which the dam is built are cables that easily carry things weighing 400,000 pounds—cables strung between steel towers or anchors on opposite canyon rims, a skyride that makes the one at Chicago’s Century of Progress resemble a toy. Buckets of cement as big as your bedroom move rapidly from the mixing plant out on to this sky ride cable, then drop 200, 400 or 800 feet as necessary, to be quickly poured. A short time ago a special machine lowered a gate at Boulder Dam that weighed 3,000,000 pounds. It took only a few minutes, but it began forming the biggest artificial lake in the world. n n n ONE youthful engineer at the dam designed a machine which put 48 compressed air drills into operation at once, instead of one. With it, operators can “eat” into a rock wall almost as if it were cheese. There are dozens of such unprecedented machines, tremendous in size, but delicate and sensitive in operation. The workmen call all the big machines “jumbos.” The whole project has literally been an engineer’s paradise, with unlimited money and materials to tinker with, with bosses and a public urging him on. This is why mechanical miracles have been performed. The construction work at Boulder Dam has many mere conveniences which would themselves be major engineering triumphs anywhere else in the world. Next—The materials that went Into the dam. Building a city to house the men who built the dam. Three hundred carloads of supplies every day, to maintain the schedule of construction.

unused land as a guaranty it W'ould not be used for pasturage. It was from these plowed fields that the wind whipped the dust. This, of course, is only a partial cause of the dust storms. Other chief cause is erosion. Regarding all these causes the Roosevelt Administration is just as worried as Northwest farmers. It sees dust storms and desert conditions spreading to other areas of the Midwest unless checked soon. Experts in the Agriculture Department claim that land between the 100th meridian and the Rock-ies—w-estern Kansas, Nebraska and the Dakotas—never should have been homesteaded. It is too dry to raise anything but cattle. The President himself has this problem very much at heart. He has proposed that after the Columbia River and Coulee Dam projects are completed, the farmers of the arid Dakotas be transplanted to the fertile valleys of Oregon and Washington. $158,697.39 EXPENDED ON ASSEMBLY SESSION Few Small Bills Remain Unpaid Auditor's Reports Show. The 1935 session of the Indiana General Assembly cost the state $158,697.39 with only a few small bills yet unpaid, according to records in the office of Lawrence F. Sullivan. state auditor. Cost of the Senate was $56,553.40 and of the House, $102,143.99. PLAY AIDS ARE NAMED Manual Seniors to Give “Quality Street” April 25-26. Committees to assist in the presentation of the Manual Training High School senior class play, “Quality Street,” April 25 and 26, were announced today by Miss Lola I. Perkins, director. The committees include Phairy Queener, Theresa Winzenread, Melvelvn Basham, Mary Colligan, Geneva Rednour and Cynthia Kitchell, costumes, and James Miller, James Snyder, James Piepenbrock, William Presecan, Oliver Castleman, Arthur Lindgren, Robert Hall and Roscoe Miller, stage crew. SHAW CASE IS HEARD Judgment Withheld When Alleged Victim Refuses to Testify. When Miss Virginia Dunn refused to testify as a complaining witness, and Attorney Lawrence Shaw refused to offer any defense testimony, Howard Bates, municipal judge pro tern., withheld judgment yesterday on charges that Attorney Shaw assaulted and beat Miss Dunn

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 10, 1935

§ •* .siv . ' : ~ .';jp£ : .

A “sky ride” that makes all previous devices of the kind look like toys is this one, that spans the great canyon in which Boulder Dam is built. Controlled from the structure in the foreground, its cables easily carry loads of 400,000 pounds across the mighty gap, on either side of which its steel towers are reared.

WIDER OWNERSHIP OF PROPERTY URGED Economist Outlines Steps to Recovery. Wider ownership of real property with shop owners, farm owners and artisans independently earning their living by selling only the surplus, was urged as the keystone toward economic recovery by Herbert Agar, noted economist and journalist, at the Rotary Club luncheon yesterday. Mr. Agar, the author of the 1933 Pulitzer prize winning book, “The People's Choice,” returned six months ago from England where he was literary editor of the English Review. He praised President Roosevelt and his New Deal advisers, but warned that the gigantic government spending must end. He urged that permanent, lc time programs for agricu l .al and industrial developmer je substituted for temporary New Deal agencies. 86,000 Eggs Smashed in Crash Btf Vnitcd Press BRESCIA, April 10.—Eighty-six thousand eggs were smashed when a motor truck overturned because jof a burst tire near Desenzano. The truck driver was unhurt.

SIDE GLANCES

jj ,v , • V * ams BY wtA MRvtce. me. t. m.Wea u. i e*Y. orr. I

son-in-law amuses me. He's president of a big corpory ation and he doesn't know beans about anything.”

Constitutional Reform Demanded by Educator Supplanting of States With Geographically Formed Com , monwealths Urged by Harvard Man. BY JOHN THOMPSON Times Staff Writer W. Y. Elliott, Harvard University government professor, has w r ritten anew book on “The Need for Constitutional Reform,” in which he advocates tearing the United States into little pieces and putting it together in a different way.

He calls for a “constitutional convention of 1937,” to force his ideas into effect because “it is too much to expect Congress to alter its present powers to make itself more responsible to truly national opinion.” Declaring that “the states have ceased to represent areas of economic reality,” Prof. Elliott recommends that “they should be supplanted ... by geographically appropriate regions.” These regions he calls “commonwealths,” and indicates that he would favor the use of the Federal Reserve districts with perhaps the addition of one more district. Such “commonwealths” would “revive our dropping federalism and stay the present march of centralization in Washington,” according to the Harvard pedagog. Claiming that “the real issue today is not whether the Constitution will be touched, but how it will be

By George Clark

touched,” Mr. Elliott would inaugurate a “thorough overhauling and rebuilding” of constitutional machinery. “Only by a bold change from this | unworkable and inefficient system j can we hope to make democracy in the United States capable of the task that lids ahead of it,” asserts the author. Another suggestion which seems a bit dull after his first radical explosions, is Mr. Elliott's belief that the President should be given “more i powers over Congress than he now possesses.” “Here, it seems to me,” says Mr. Elliott, “that the right to dissolve the House of Representatives and test public opinion by one general election at the President’s discretion . . . would be a more efficient means of party control.” “Last motion” is the Harvard j professor's most general criticism of the present “antiquated machinery.” “It makes,” he says, "for desperate ! measures, conceived in the hysteriI cal temper of crises, to push aside ' unnecessary obstructions. The New | Deal suffers, and must continue to ! suffer, from being forced to do 1 sleight-of-hand tricks with the old deck.” The book will be published today by Whittlesey House, McGraw-Hill Book Company.

NATIONAL LABOR BOARD HEAD TO SPEAK HERE Francis Biddle to Discuss Collective Bargaining, NRA. Francis Biddle, National Labor Relations Board chairman, will be guest of honor at a luncheon at the I Claypool Saturday under auspices of the regional labor board. Mr. Biddle will discuss collective bargaining and interpretation of Section 7 of NIRA and will makean analysis of the Wagner labor bill. Reservations for the luncheon may be made at the Chamber of Commerce or the Claypool. TECH LEADERS NAMED Lewis Bose Selected Commander of Campus Legion. Lewis Bose has been named commander of the Technical High School Legvvn by virtue of having the highest number o t merit citations, it was announced today. Lorita Hastings is lieutenant commander. The captains are Alice Heine, i Jeannette Robbins. Harold Calbert. j Mary Jane Wade. Mary Mae Endsley and Sterling Meier. The legion was, formed by Principal DeWitt S. Morgan in order to recognize pupils who are outstanding in citizenship and personal worth.

Second Section

Entered s* Semnd-Clniu Matter at Poatofflce. Indlanapolia. led

Fair Enough WESTBROOK PEGLER NEW YORK, April 10—It seems too bad that the government, with all the experts which it commands, can not conduct a scientific study of the mind and soul of Andrew Mellon. The government has experts who can record the emotional experiences of a potato bug and weigh the soul of a gnat. But the fascinating mystery of the gaunt old man who studied income tax evasion from the inside and hired a government expert to help him retain some money which he might other-

wise have had to contribute to the upkeep of the country which made him so rich can never be solved. Mr. Mellon is the only one on earth who knows, and he will never tell. What do you suppose goes on Inside a man of 80 years, with two hundred millions already, who wants to add to his pile? How’ much money does he consider to be enough? Does he hope that some day he, or his heirs, will achieve the ultimate and acquire all the money in the world? Does it ever occur to such an old man that the time will soon come when he will have to put all his checks back in

the rack and that in that hour he will stand as naked and as poor as some bum found dead under a viaduct? Doesn't he ever get afraid and think of giving some away as old Mr. Rockefeller and Mr. Carnegie did when they had built their fortunes up to a certain height and began to hear the rustle of these wings at night? Most millionaires show a reaction at some stage of their fortunes. Some get silly and pull away from their old wives to take up with sharp little kids who pick them up in night clubs or on trains and call them daddy. Some go in for heavy spending on luxuries. Others endow hospitals and schools and libraries. nun A’o Shucks at Spending THE only other one as cold as Mr. Mellon, and as consistent about it to the end of his life xhat your correspondent can think of. was Frank Munsey, the publisher, and he was a poor man by comparison. There was nothing soft about Mr. Munsey. He had thrown thousands of newspaper hands abruptly out of work in his time and thrown terror into many humble homes, and a softer man might have left a phrase or two in his will to ease the old hurts and perhaps take the curse off. But he left a fortune to art and went to his grave without weakening. Mr. Mellon said it was his desire to see to it, while he still lived, that his two children, Ailsa and Paul, were well provided for, but even he can hardly have thought that it would take $40,000,000 each to see them the rest of their way. The annual interest cn that much money, even in these days, and in the lack of his own genius, would amount to at least $3,000,000 each, which would be $250,000 a month, or $62,000 a week. It is doubtful that the daughter and son of Andrew Mellon could spend that much, even if they devoted all their time to the spending of money. They would have to buy whole countries and races of people and kick up wars for themselves in order to keep even with their income. And, anyway, the Mellons never were very great hands at the spending of money. The Mellons have been more proficient in the other branch of the game. Their specialty has been getting it. and the (laughter and son have no worthwhile training in the art of shooting the works. nun Does He Want It All? BUT whi’e Mr. Mellon was in office, living up to Alexander Hamilton, it is charged by attorneys for the government that he had his Commissioner of Internal Revenue draw up a memorandum outlining nine methods by whiih a millionaire could avoid paying his income taxes and still remain inside the law-. This might have been done in order that the best secretary since Hamilton could plug the holes and prevent such evasions by other millionaires. But when Mr. Mellon came to court in the government’s attempt to collect back taxes, he was forced to confess that he himself had taken advantage of the loosely drawn income tax law to avoid paying some of his taxes, a cheery bit of testimony to people who were harassed and threatened and forced to shower down $1.85 more, under threat of terrible punishment. When he was Secretary of the Treasury. However, that part of it is all known now and one more dark doubt is cast upon the pious statement of Mr. J. P. Morgan before the Pecora committee that integrity and trust are the foundation stones of big business. Trust in Andrew Mellon, for instance? But anger and disgust explain nothing. What is in the mind of an Andy Mellon, anyway? Does he want it all? (Copyright. 1935, by United Feature Syndicate Ine.)

Your Health I BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN IF you have never known the feeling of being nervous or mentally ill, and you always feel adequate to every situation in which you find yourself, you may discover it is difficult to understand the significance of the condition called “nervous breakdown.” In fact, you may even argue with the person who suffers with this condition and may try to make him feel that it is all his own fault. You may saj if he will only “buck up” or just think right, he will feel right. Actually, however, the combination of physical and mental circumstances is such that the person with the nervous breakdown simply can not get his powers together for the purpose of “bucking up” and thinking right, m m m 'T'ODAY we know that development of such situaX tion demands a complete study of the physical condition of the person concerned, of his personality, of the environment in which he lives, and of the persors who surround him. A nervous breakdown represents a variety of conditions. It may be just a case in which the person is unable to sleep, get: tired easily, and is unable to concenirate. Next it may be a form of hysteria, with inability to perform various functions, simply because the person concerned is convinced in his own mind that he can not do so. Third, it may be a nervous condition in which anxiety is the chief symptom, with fear, palpitations of the heart, restlessness, and a lack of power to make decisions. mum BEYOND these forms of nervous conditions, there are various forms of insanity and, finally, actual changes in the nervous system, with paralysis, inflammation of the brain, and such disorders. The average man who talks about nervous breakdowns usually means the condition first described, in which the loss of sleep, easy fatigue, inability to concentrate, and lack of power to make decisions are the most Significant factors. Nervous breakdowns are not limited altogether to high-powered business men, to clubwomen under severe strains with activities, to social leaders, or to statesmen. A child in school may have a nervous breakdown, as may also a retired millionaire with nothing to do. The lazy, delicate and refined person who enjoys poor health or the eccentric musical genius, as well as the tramp, the drunkard, or the drug addict, may be victims of nervous breakdow-n. Ordinarily all these cases represent what one leading authority in diseases of the mind has called “human nature working under difficulties.'* Q—How many popular votes did President Roosevelt receive in 1932. ▲.*22.821.857. *

Westbrook Pegler