Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 20, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 April 1935 — Page 13

/ (wertheWorld WM nillll’ SIMMS 'imrASHINGTON, Apr.l 3 Trade relations be- * ’ tween the United States and most of the principal nations of the world are now entering upon a critical s’aee with the trump cards mostly in the hands of the foreigners. The policy of equal treatment which is the keynote of Seeretaiy Cordell Hull's foreign commercial dealings—all he asks is that the United States grant and be granted such equality—has encountered snags. Asa result, our trade relations with France,

Canada. Holland. Germany, Italy, Denmark. Switzerland. Spam. Portugal and other important countries are now in the balance. In some rases clear discrimination is shown against American products. In others there are indications of treaty violations, with the United Spates getting the short end. So for the ret. the attitude of the United States is to wait and see if existing arrangements give it the fair break it demands. In almost all its commercial treaty negotiations. the United S’a’es is handicapped by its favorable balance of trade. This country exports more goods than it buys

-M V * Awmi"

H m. Philip Simms

abroad France, one of America’ biEtre*? customers, is regarded as one of the principal offenders when it comes to discrimination. The reason is not that France dtdikes the United States or :*s products. If sentiment had anything to do with it. Germany would likely get precious few orders from France. Yet, Germany generally sells more to France than any other one country. mum /. nkex Maneuvering r V '. answer, therefore, lies somewhere else. It is -1 be found in a complexity of things having to do bo with France’s domestic and foreign relations. Fra. *’s imports greatly exceed her exports. She Is alwax m the position, therefore, of trying to increase 1 - sales on the one hand and reduce the volume of her purchases on the other. That is something which requires maneuvering Franco-American trade is particularly one-sided. The ratio is about $200,000,000 imports from America to approximately S6O 000.000 worth of exports to this country. Normally, this apparent disparity is largely made up for bv invisible items, principally expenditures of American tourists in France. Os late, however. -uch tourists have been few. Automobiles would be a large item of French Imports from the United States. But Francp has been desperately trying -and not always successfully—to build up her own automobile industry. Accordingly, •he has put American makes on quota. m n ( atehas-Cateh-Can System OSF. reason given by France for alleged discrimination against American imports is her desire to spread her business around as she bargains for the sale of more of her own exports. For her national defense requires that she conserve her large reserves of gold. The United States hopes to conclude a trade treaty with France, beginning in the next few days. There is no such treaty at present. Fiance, therefore. is not violating any most-favored-nation or other agreement when she slaps quotas on American imports or discriminates against them because of our having gone off gold. Their commercial relations are on a catch-as-catch-can, day-bv-day basis. Unless the two countries soon conclude some sort of reciprocal trade agreement, however, or negotiations to ihat end are begun, Washington is expected to retaliate. French wines and liquors have matrnallv boosted imports from France, since repeal, maxing France much more vulnerable.

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ-,

SUPPOSE that the passage of a cosmic ray through your body was accompanied by a sensation comparable to the prick of a pin. Then, in addition to being conscious of a world tom by threats of war, dictatorships revolutions, religious quarrels, unemployment and Townsend plans, you would be conscious of 25 pi.'-pricks every second of the 24 hours. Cosmic rays bv the billions, each one capable of going through a sheet of lead several feet thick, continuously enter the earth's atmosphere from outer space, perhaps from beyond the Milky Way. Each second 25 of them go through your body. What efleet, if any, do they have upon the human organism? Science is not yet prepared to answer. Scientists do know what happens when a cosmic ray collides with the nucleus of an atom. There Is a sunden explosion, more destructive than any explosion known to science. The nucleus is blown to pieces, sometimes more than 200 electrons and other sub-atomic particles flying out of it. At the same time gamma rays, rays of energy like those produced by radium, are released. Now then, suppose that a cosmic ray scon's such a direct hit upon an atom in the very center of an important cell in the brain. The atom is blown to pieces. Atomic particles and radium-like rays are released. What is their effect upon the brain? Sometimes you say, "A thought Just struck me." Mavbe that expression is closer to the truth than you think. Perhaps it was a cosmic ray. a tiny particle flying in through your skull with a tremendous speed, smashing an atom in a brain cell and starting the electrical tram that you identify as a thought. . _ „ This is onlv a speculation. I suggested it to Dr. Arthur H Compton, world-famous cosmic ray authority of the University of Chicago, once. He shrugged his shoulders and laughed. However, a decade ago. shortly after Dr. R. A. Millikan had Just confirmed the existence of the cosmic rays, I heard the late Dr. Michael I. Pupin express the suggestion that the cosmic rays might turn out to be the of energy which activated the living cell. This does not now seem to be the But the fact remains that cosmic rays may have profound effect upon living things. Historians have noted that the affairs of men go m cycles. One such cvcle culminated in the outbreak of the war m 1914. Todav the world seems trembling again upon ate start of a general war. What brings on this war Can it be that there is a fluctuation in the strength of cosmic rays over periods of years and that these affect mankind in some unknown way. Scientists will treat the suggestion with some impatience. m ts m TO appreciate the cosmic ray bombardment one must stand in a laboratory, as I have done, in which a cosmic ray detector has been connected to a radio loudspeaker. The impact of cosmic rays in the apparatus sounds like the roll of a drum. But cosmic rays are not the only force bombarding the earth. Our earth, once thought of as an isolated object in the universe, is now known to be the target for all sorts of cosmic forces, many of which undoubtedly have a direct effect upon life. The importance of this fact was once pointed out to me by Dr. W. J. Humphreys, famous physicist of the United States Weather Bureau and former chairman of the American Geophysical Union. • Our earth is in the midst of gravity fields, electrical fields and magnetic fields." Dr. Humphreys told me "It is bombarded by electrons and other particles shot out of the sun and perhaps out of the stars as well.’* m m m ASTROLOGY makes no appeal to scientists. They are unwilling to believe that the particular spot in which tb** planets happened to be in the sky when you were tom has anything to do with your life. But the new viewpoint, which I have ventured to call the "new astrology.” while taking over none of the superstitions of astrology, does admit that the sun and stars have many effects upon terrestrial phenomena which were previously unsuspected. One of the foremost workers in this new field is Dr * Harlan T. Stetson of the Harvard School of Geography. He prefers to call this field of cosmic Influences upon the earth by the name of "cosmecology. ’ .*/

Volt T.emod Wire Serrlee of the United Press Association

WHAT SAY YOU NOW, HERR NAZI?

More Jobs, Better Homes Blind Workmen to Reich’s Trade Future

Th* German workman and hit family—how are thev rrttinr along under the Nari rum't Hu their lot been improved? What do thee think of Hitlerim? . To find out. Staff Corre*pondent Marian Young of SEA Service talked with tvpieat member! of the German workinr flaw in a tviiral German town —f-eipri*. And her report i< contained below in the last of* three artie’ev preventing the human side of life in prevent-dav Germany. BY MARIAN YOUNG Sfjt Service Staff Correvpondent (Copyright. 1935. N’EA Service. Inc.) T fcJi'ZIG, Germany, April 3. —The German laborer has put his shoulder to the swastika —and is striving with might and main to keep the Nazi machine going. He may be low paid <an estimated 95 per cent of German workers earn from $3 to $lO a week). His work may be harder • Germany is rushing her rebuilding program!. Government propagandists mav hide from him the fearful decline in Germany's foreign trade <a 284.000,000-mark deficit of exports over imports in 1934-. But with shrewd human understanding. Adolf Hitler has devised other alluring means to win the workman to his banner. And I found the man behind the plow and the man behind the shovel—blissfully unaware of world-wide threats to boycott their products—shouting in unison, “Heil Hitler!” nun {''OR instance, a housing program has provided laborers with homes that are a far cry from poorly ventilated, drab tenement flats where they used to live. The plodding steps of a weary worker quicken as he faces a house in the center of a garden, bright with growing things. His blond, rosj -cheeked wife sings at her dishpan. She knows some day they really will own this house. *'l am so happy here,” the mistress of one of the workman’s homes told me, leading the way from a neat backroom with washtubs and pump into a spacious combination living room, dining room and kitchen. Farther back there is a parlor, used only on special occasions, because coal for heating is expensive. Her home lived up to the German woman’s reputation for neatness. Not a speck of dust on anything. The windows were as Hear and shining as her own blue eyes when she talked about the little green and white house. ’ For the first time in my life I have space to store things,” she continued, pointing to a trap door at the top of the fireproof staircase. “And look at the garden plot and the lawn where my children can play!” MUM npHE young Storm Trooper at my side beamed at her words. "The best thing about the whole project is the infinitessimal amount of money it costs them to live here.” he said, in English, so she couldn't understand. "They can't pay much because they don't make much. "The government builds the house. When a man and his family move in. they are given four chickens, nine fruit trees and some garden seeds. During the

—: The _

DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND

By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON. April 3.—Frances Perkins is on the way out. She is to be replaced by Frank Murphy, bachelor Governor General of the Philippine Islands. Authority for this information is Murphy. The former Detroit mayor told friends prior to sailing for the Far East that he would be back in the United States in 90 days to take over

the labor portfolio. He said the President had decided he needed a ’■masculine’’ head of the Labor Department and had offered him the place. Reports have been rife in inner council circles for several weeks that a shakeup impended in the Cabinet. According to these intimations Miss Perkins and Atty. Gen. Homer Cummings were slated for replacement. The latter has long been under fire in liberal quarters. While personally popular, Cummings' lack of aggressiveness in anti-trust and labor prosecutions has caused the Department of Justice to be rated as the weakest link in the Administration. Cummings may now replace Murphy in the Philippines, which was his original appointment. a a a MISS PERKINS has been out of the picture as an important labor adviser for months. Recently she became embroiled in bitter feuds with the House Ways and Means and the Senate Labor committees over the social security program and the Wagner labor disputes bill. Sht demanded that both measures be revised so as to expand the bureaucratic jurisdiction of her department. Her warring with the House committee became so heated that the members refused to allow her to participate in a conference they held with the President on the legislation. At that meeting, the President told them to go ahead and write the bill as they wanted it and disregard his Cabinet member. n a m DESPLTE the truculence of their public pronouncements textile and auto labor leaders privately are just as eager to avoid strike upheavals as the Administration. Reason is that while the grievances of the workers are real, the unions are in no state of prepa-

The Indianapolis Times

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Labor and the military are joined in the Nazi’s forward march. It has been announced that one compulsory year of labor service followed by one compulsory year in the regular army will be required of Germany’s young men, as before the World War.

first year, they pay only 7 marks ($2.80) a month for rent, light and water. In return, they must plant a garden. "At the beginning of the second year, when the cellar-is filled with potatoes, canned fruit, carrots, turnips and cabbage, the rent is raised to 16 marks 35 pfennigs. But it never is raised again. Instead, with the birth of each child, it decreases 1 mark 75 pfennigs. "You might call the fee they pay installments rather tjian rent,” the officer went on. “In from 40 to 50 years, each rentpayer becomes the sole owner of

ration for major warfare. The United Textile Workers have not recovered yet from the financial exhaustion resulting from last year's general strike. Also the exact strength of the organized auto workers is much in doubt. While personally opposed to a strike, leaders of the textile and auto unions are doubtful whether they can keep their rank and file in line. It is this threatening ferment among the workers that is causing the President so much behind-the-scenes concern. nan Among fera officials. Gov. Alf Landon of Kansas is known as a man who knows what he wants and how to get it. Visiting in Washington he called at the office of Administrator Harry Hopkins. "Mr. Hopkins is out of the city,” an aid explained. "Is there anything we can do for you?” "Yes, there is.” briskly replied Landon. "I want an additional $250,000 over the sum I discussed with Mr. Hopkins. Now, if you will just give me the proper papers I'll sign them and you can fill them out yourself, later.” The assistant produced the papers. Landon signed and with a cherry “Thank you” departed. Total time consumed., three minutes. NOTE —Gov. Landon is prominently mentioned as Republican presidential timber for 1936. ana THOSE who fear war in Europe are aghast at Cordell Hull's latest appointment in the State Department. He has promoted Jimmy Dunn to be chief of his Western European Division. Jimmy is one of the most popular and charming of diplomats, knows exactly where every one should sit at dinner, but his knowledge of delicate European politics is next to nil. (Copyright. 1935. by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.j

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 3, 1935

his home. If he dies at the end of this period, the property goes to his heirs.” tt tt a ANOTHER house I saw Vas occupied by an unemployed man, his wife and their tw'o small boys. He pays no rent at all now and receives an unemployment allowance for food and clothing. The rent, however, does not accumulate. As soon as he finds a job, he will begin to pay the regular first year rate. In the meantime, he must help to build more houses, mix cement for the wide streets that run past them and be on the lookout for a job. There is little danger that he will slump into the sociological malady that comes from long unemployment and give up hunting for a position. The duty of the officer who paces up and down before the row's of houses is to see that each unemployed tenant conscientiously seeks W'ork. Those who have jobs are given advantages far beyond tne ones usually found in crowded factories. Once a week a symphonic orchestra plays in one plant during lunch hour. The music is broadcast to other factories. To

SIDE GLANCES

* '' '' '' i ___ <?) 193S BV NEA SERVICE, INC. T. M. REO. U. S. PAT. Os?

i *TJI bet he’s going to be a writer or something—he’s always studying types.""

the working man of many countries, this wouldn’t be much of a treat. To a German, however, with the love of music in his veins, it is. a tt n “T AST summer, for the first JL/ time in my life, I went to Berlin,” one tall, dark, Prussiantype carpenter told me. "My com-

BRUNO'S DEFENSE FUND IS ATTACKED BY WRITER Criticism of Conviction Ridiculed by Sidney Whipple. By United Press NEW YORK, April 3 Attacks on the conviction of Bruno Richard Hauptmann verge on the farcical, Sidney B. Whipple, United Press writer and author of "The Lindbergh Crime,” told members of the National Arts Club last night. Mr. Whipple indicated his belief a sober reflection of the evidence presented by both the prosecution and the defense led inevitably to a firm conviction of guilt. ‘‘The defense,” Mr. Whipple said, “has every right to raise funds for appeal, but the secrecy with u'hich the fund is being raised and administered would seem to indicate Mrs. Hauptmann is being made somebody’s pawn.”

By George Clark

pany gave me a week's vacation and paid all my expenses. I never had been there before.” Never had been to Berlin—a two-hour hide from Leipzig. Others who have lived all of their lives in the interior are sent to coast towns for a vacation at the expense of their employers. Men on the docks are given a chance to see the central sections with their broad expanse of im-maculately-groomed forests of pine and balsam. "A real vacation and a change of scenery will win a skeptical workman over to our way of thinking more permanently and certainly much more easily than any number of lectures or printed handouts.” a frank soldier in a blue uniform said. "If we win him by kindness, he gets behind the new regime wholeheartedly. And he stays behind it, too.” In addition. Hitler’s efforts to make personal contacts with his laborers are in some degree responsible for their feeling of friendliness. It is good to shake the hand of the highest power in the land. Particularly good when the hand is extended to you on the floor of your own factory. Even the middle class families react favorably to this new-in-Germany idea of personal contact. Those to whom the name Hohenzollem was but a headline across the top of a newspaper, thrill at the sight of a man from the inner sanctum in Berlin. I HEARD the shout that went up when Gocbbels, the Minister of Propaganda, strode into the Grasse Museum, one of the most spectacular of the Fair buildings. Then a hush fell over the crowd. Natives of the quaint old city literally fell over each other trying to get a better view of him. They had their reward. The dapper little man with the smiling face that slightly resembles a tired Eddie Cantor's (imagine it!) marched a few steps up a staircase, turned about and, still beaming, saluted. In the evening that same day, I saw him. accompanied by his extremely beautiful wife and a retinue of friends and generals, at a concert in Gewandhaus. They were shown to their box just before the leader of the famous symphony lifted his baton. The audience rose and faced the box. It cheered. It applauded. Publicity Director Gocbbels was gracious. When the concert was over, he stayed in his seat until 20 minutes after the audience had descended the broad, red-carpeted staircases to the lobby below. There, grouped about the stairway, the people waited for him to come down. Finally, preceded by an array of brown, blue and red uniforms, he appeared. He stopped and saluted. Right hands were raised slightly above shoulder level. A cry of "Heil!” filled the air. He marched out between rows of citizens. The show was over. The quiet, peaceful air that had hung over the music-loving Germans for two hours was electric. Outside on the street a hand organ played martial music.

REVIVES MONGREL IN NEW EXPERIMENT TO SOLVE DEATH SECRET

By United Press BERKELEY, Cal., April 3. Phoenix, 36-pound mongrel dog, now sleeping peacefully in a laboratory here, held Dr. Robert Cornish’s latest hope today of unlocking the secret of restoring life. Not until the part-airedale, part-bulldog awakens from a drug-induced slumber will Dr. Cornish be able to judge whether his latest resuscitation attempt is successful. Dr. Cornish put Phoenix to death yesterday by using ether. Four minutes later he injected a “life after death” serum. The dog’s stiff body began to relax, he emitted a short gasp, and his eyes opened. Dr. Cornish quickly put Phoenix to sleep to avert irritation of the incision, and to slow the heart action. The effect of the serum on the brain is the crux of Dr. Cornish’s experimentation. Unless he can restore his subjects to normal mental behavior, his formula will not be of value to human beings. ACTION RESCINDED BY SAFETY BOARD Ruling Revoked on Junior C. of C. Advertising Campaign. Minutes of the Safety Board meeting March 28 read yesterday reveal that the board rescinded its action in allowing the Junior Chamber of Commerce to place advertis;ng matter on warning placards to be placed on automatic signals. The board took under consideration a request to ask the aid of Mayor John W. Kern in having the funds derived from traffic fines used to buy police motorcycles. The funds now' go to the general fund. The cost of two motorcycles, 5862, was collected in fines last month. COUNTY RECORD BROKEN BY DIVORCE PETITIONS 28 Applications Filed in One Day; Cupid Takes Count. Two marriage licenses against 28 divorce petitions filed was the score yesterday in the office of County Clerk Glenn B. Ralston as the wed-lock-slicing mill reached anew record high. The previous high record for divorce complaints filed was 24. The day gave a booby prize to marriage licenses in that the two marriage licenses issued were reported as the smallest numbtr recorded in the county for many years.

Second Section

Entered as Second Class Matter nt I'ostnfTiop. Indianapolis, Ind

Fair Enough fISIMM PEGIK NASSAU. Bahamas, April 3.—The young Duke of Kent and his bride, the former Princess Marina cf Greece, ire honeymooning in the Bahamas. They are visiting more or less on the cuff, which is a way of saying that they are guests of the governorgeneral. Sir Bede Clifford, and the community. The young duke might be willing to lift his tabs, but it is considered bad form for a guest to clap his 1 lands for the butler and insist on paying his check at the end of his meal or figure out his share of the gas

and oil at the conclusion of an automobile ride. Anyway, the duke and duchess are paying their way and more in services rendered, for they have many bookfuls of publicity in the American and English newspapers during their visit to Isles of June, as the Bahamas are called, drawing much tourist, business to the group. The tourists buy perfume, liquor, bolts of English doeskin cloth and English cigarets for about half the price which they would have to pay for them at home and carry them back duty-free under the allowance of SIOO a head. They also

buy low-comedy grass hats with which to clutter up their homes for a while as souvenirs of the time they visited the Bahamas, and all this spending amounts to something appreciable in the commerce of a community which lost an important source of income when the United States repealed prohibition. So the publicity which the young duke and duchess have created for the Bahamas this winter is worth much more than their board, keep and entertainment, The clippings, next and news-pictures, both, are carefully culled out of hundreds of papery collected in bundles with rubber bands around them and eventually pasted up in books. a a a Jack Dempsey Started It JACK DEMPSEY once received $25,000 in advance for spending a month in a resort in North Carolina and going through the motions of training for a fight which never took place and Walter Hagen, when he was up, received $25,000 a year for several seasons hand running for spending a few days a week during the winter months at a golf club near St. Petersburg. And the major league ball clubs always used to command bonuses from little plaster-and-lath dreamtowns on the palmetto flats of Florida. The Bahamas are a sort of British knee poised and gently pressing against the abdomen of the United States, and if they belonged to Japan at this time instead of Great Britain, all hell might be to pay off the eastern coast of Florida. However, all is sweetness and hands across the sea between the United States and Britain just now so the pressure of the knee amounts to no more than the merest contact. The governor-general is popular in the Palm Beach set where Mr. Joe 'High Collar)' Widener, the boss-dude of the community, trotted him around by a halter last year, but he is all right, nevertheless. In fact. Sir Bede Clifford is much more democratic than the aristocrats of Palm Beach because he isn't ashamed to own that there was, say, a butcher among his ancestors. For one thing, the butcher in his line occurred a long time back and, for another, he wasn't a vulgar meat-butcher. a a a An Old British Custom SIR BEDE tells of his ancestor with a note of pride in the foreword to a book on the Bahamas, saying: “These men (the privateers) represent the virility of our race, so, if we refrain from analyzing their motives too closely we should find no difficulty, even in these days of unctous rectitude, in praising exploits which were not less gallant because they were barbarously executed. One of my ancestors, George Clifford, third earl of Cumberland, sacked San Juan in circumstances which differed widely from the accepted practices of modern warfare.” It is hard to tell whether the people of the islands, who are mostly Negro descendents of enslaved Africans and tar-brush hybrids with gray eyes and ginger hair, actually feel the deep, personal affection tor the duke and duchess which is bespoken for the community by the little local newspapers. The papers lay it on pretty thick. However, that is the British way, and their ways are sometimes less dumb than the ways of the United States. For one example, the United States choked on a principle and refused to buy out her slaves, preferring, instead, to fight a war which hasn’t been paid for yet. On the other hand, the British emancipated the Bahaman slaves in 1834, paying their owners an average of S6O a head and closed the book. The cost of this reform was only $640,000, and when it was done it was done. (Copyright, 1935, by United Feature Syndicate Inc.)

NOW that so many states are considering laws relative *o sterilization of the unfit, particularly the mentally defective, you might like to see some of the figures concerning the distribution of mentally defective persons in various populations. It is ordinarily believed that so-called mental deficiency represents merely a lessened amount of intelligence. You should realize, however, that there are many types of mental defects associated with various forms of physical disturbances. There are, for example, cases in which the brain har been injured during birth, cases of accumulation of fluid in the brain, those in which the brain is smaller than normal; others ir which disease has damaged the brain, some o', inherited disturbances, such as Mongolian idiocy and various forms of familial idiocy, and cases in which glands fail to function properly, resulting in degeneration of the nervous system. a a a THE most significant factor at present involves inheritance of such defects. Recently a specialist analyzed groups of mental defectives with a view to determining the ex' -nt to which heredity is involved. His conclusion was that there was little support for the idea that heredity plays an important role in causing mental deficiency. He feels that injury at birth is much more important as a causative factor. Because some persons have felt that the age of the parents is of considerable importance in relationship to the genius of the child, a special study was made on this point. Figures in a survey made In Great Britain indicated that the ages of the fathers of Mongolian idiots and mentally defective children were on the average greater than those of the fathers of normal children; furthermore, that there are usually greater differences between the ages of the father and mother in the case of the mentally deficient child than in the case of the mentally sound child. a a a THE idea that parents of advanced years produce more brilliant children than younger parents goes back to the ancient Greek Aristotle, who said, “Premature conjunctions produce imperfect offspring, feeble in mind and short in stature.” The majority of scientific observers today are convinced that the influence of the age of the parents, in the absence of any rare hereditary factors, is very slight. The one way in which the age of the parents may enter directly in the causation of a mental defect is the difficulty in childbirth involved with very old or very young mothers. Q —What are the largest lakes in Indiana and what are their sizes? A—The largest 'akes in Indians are Wawasee, 3826 acres; Maxinkuckee, 1854 acres Bass and James, 1318 acres each; Clear Lake, 1200 acres, and Lake Tippecinoe, 1126 acre*.

Your Health -BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

Westbrook Pbgler