Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 March 1935 — Page 7
MARCH 25, 1935
It Seems to Me HEYWOOD BROUN -t CANT under land the point in people getting ex--1 cited about the possibility of war.” said a friend of mine, *berau *■ I understand that Lloyd's will lay 7 to 1 against any European war within a year.” In this I find cold comfort for I have seen seven to one shots romp home in front, and even longer chances. The margin of safety for mankind remains too thin and moreover It seems to me that the price grows shorter. The last war came upon us stealthily. Mo-t of our new papers retarded the shot at Saraevo as a local incident. Certainly
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there was no early comprehension of the fact that the incident concerned us in any manner whatsoever. But now there is no crawling through the wheat conveying circumstantial evidence hrough the agitation of the gram. The men in khaki stand bolt upright and wheel in drill formation at the command of kings and captains. It Is almost as if the peoples of the world sat in some great stad! im and watched the dress rehearsal for the coming conflict. Bravely and boldly it is
lie* wood Broun
advertised to open upon the appointed date—positively 830. What are you and I going to do about it. It is neither courageous nor sensible for us to sit with folded arms, impassive as Roman sena’ors. awaiting the inevitable coming of the Visigoths and vandals. Surely it is no more than a reasonable suggestion that we should get our hands up to fight for peace rather than wait supinely for the fall of the butcher's ax. The things which unorganized public opinion can do in delaying or outlawing war may be less than enough, but this is no time to leave even pebbles in want of turning. Since the rulers and governments of the world have failed to achieve peace it would seem logical to appeal over their heads to the rank and file. If the League of Nations seems to be insufficient why can't we get to work to found a league of peoples? mm* Student Strike Might Help AND in particular it is fitting to call upon those who faltered last time to make good their previous failure. I have in mind the groups whose function it is to influence public opinion. In 1917 the majority of clergymen were no better than recruiting sergeants. The money changers packed the places of worship with their friends the jingoes. After listening to the average sermon the parishoner w*nt away a little doubtful as to whether he had heard some bishop or A. Mitchrll Palmer. Let the church take leadership in 1935, if it can. and preach the gospel of Christ, pacifist. There is no reason w hy pacifism should be merely a defensive weapon. In the proper hands it can sting like a lash. Os course the move for. peace must be forthright and militant. Resolutions of good intention are hardly one hundredth of the battle. Th**re must be evidence of a willingness for action. Let us try. for instance, to ally the undergraduates of America with their kinsmen in all countries. If the students of Germany. France, Great Britain and America were to agree on a tenminute scholastic strike to occur on the same date throughout the world I venture to say that such a demonstration would cause the munitions makers no little consternation. If the colleges are going to be tightly lined up for peace, where on earth will the army go in looking for second lieutenants? m m m What to Do Is Question NATURALLY I would have the newspaper men of the world meet in comn.on convention. I believe there is a conference set by the International Association of Journalists in Helsinfors in June. This should be speeded up so that correspondents from many cou..;ries could swap pledges not to tell lies about each other. Indeed why not have the students and the teachers and the ministers and the newspaper men and the authors and the dramatists all represented in an International conference with the purpose of steering clear of war. I have little interest in those who say that they are all against war but that there's no point in doing anvthing about it since its incidence is inevitable. Who savs so? The Philistines thought Goliath was unconquerable until he got the proper slingshot pebble at just the right distance between the eyes. It may be that wars will always flourish under the present economic system. I believe that is true but it is palDablv impossible to make the world over this week. The question to face here and now is, • What shall we do Till the doctor comes?” tCopvnxh!. 19351
Yojr Health -BY I R. MORRIS FISHBEIN-
NEUROTICS have been said to live in a dismal twilight of ill health, drifting from doctor to doctor or from one fak“ kind of treatment to another. a*d finding it imposible to recene freedom from th* .* vornes as tk their health and their illness. Hov.t or *nere is beginning to be some order m the chaos ana confusion which have exLled in the past, relative to the nature of vano#s nervous disturbance. Even - neurot'c case ought to be studied carefully for the presence of some actual physical disturbance. Sometimes a hidden infection in the sinuses, or in the lungs, or an undetected early disturbance of the nervous svstem. may be responsible for a disease which ■Jems to he wholly in the mind. j Other phvsual conditions which may seem to be neurotic in the.r earliest stages are inflammations of the brain, tube -culosts. brain tumors, occasionally disturbances ol digestion, and the various forms of anemia. man I'HEN there are cases of neurosis which are the result of wrong conditions in the home during childhood, and of faulty education As the individual grows older conditions of life change and it mav be necessary to break up lifelong habits. Under such circumstances, the person who has seemed to be quite normal may become neuratic. Sdmr lorms of nervous disturbances are associated with improper adjustments between the partners in marriage, with occupations in which there are undue amount* of fatigue, monotony, and strain, and there are also those forms of occupational neurosis in which the individual develps the idea of oppression, exploitation, or persecution by those in positions of power. A recent study of true neurotics lists those who show symptoms of distortion of their ordinary ins' mets and emotions. These distortions are reclassified into several types. m m 9 THERE is the neurotic who is submissive, resigned. and placid because he finds the world too hard a place to live in and who desires security, refuge, and lack of responsibility without loss of respect. These lmalids frequently develop disturbances of digestion and of the bowels which give them a quite comfortable or mild invalidism and thereby a certain amount of freedom from responsibility and struggle with the world. Another type is the invalid who is driving and ostentatious because he has found that through illness he may maintain a son of tyranny and precedence in the nousehold Another submissive type is the one who copies the svmptoms of another person whom he loves or fears. The.'e symptoms are mostly related to swallowing and digestion. Finally there is the invalid whose neurosis arises from conflicts, which he is unable to win. Hr. therefore. solves his difliculties by retreat into a safe, comfortable and respectable illness. In this type of nervousness there is a great deal of restlessness, alternating depression, and elation, and a considerable amount of selfishness and vanity. Q—Where in the Bible is the verse: 'They shall cast their silver in the streets, and their gold shall be removed; their sliver and their gold shall not be able to deliver them in the day of the WTath of the Lorf ? A— Ezekiel 7; 19.
LONG-COUGHLIN-AND JOHNSON
Militant Trio Fights Way to Heights; Fame Spreads Over Nation
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NRA Director Johnson tells the press.
WITH George N. Peek, the agricultural expert, Hugh Johnson went into the agricultural implement business after the war. The two took charge of the Moline Plow Cos. at Moline, 111., and tried for seven years to revive and reorganize an over-expanded ‘‘w T ar baby.” But it folded up at last, and the bankers got it. Johnson moved to New York and went to work for Bernard Baruch, with whom he had been associated on the War Industries Board. He was a sort of research expert and economic adviser. From 1927 to 1931 he was occupied by detailed study of the problems of industry and agriculture, having just finished a practical but unhappy contact with both. Going to the Democratic convention with Baruch in 1932. Johnson became one of the informal conferees who gathered about Roosevelt after his nomination and who were later to hatch the “brain trust,” Moley, Tugwell, Berle, Rkhberg, Swope. Wagner. In pre-inauguration talks about the proposed NRA plan, Johnson, with a wealth of facts and data at his finger-tips, often contradicted the President. Roosevelt liked that, liked Johnson’s blunt manner. And he picked him to administer NRA. As In the case of the draft law, Johnson worked furiously at his plans for NRA before it had been given the congressional O. K. When the law was approved on June 16, 1933, Gen. Johnson had his staff already picked, his plans made. At last he was the No. 1 man in a big job—the job of organizing industry into a partnership with government which should eliminate the rawest of competition in matters of wages, hours, business practices, so that all might be improved together. mum \ MID utmost confusion and much trumpeting, the colossal movement got under way. Johnson w’orked at white fury, fought with cabinet officers, heads of other recovery agencies, code-makers. The Blue Eagle and the blanket code were devised, and “sold” to the country in a wave of enthusiasm. For six months the country swung along together in a wave of action. Then complications the first fine frenzy ebbed. Protests and “dead cats” from consumers, from “the little fellow ” from labor. Claims that the codes were becoming instruments of monopoly, for fixing improperly high prices at the consumers’ expense, that labor was not being given the promised “break.” The general, worn by 16 months of a Herculean effort, and disregarding positive orders of the President to rest, began to be snappish and irritable. Dissension arose within his owm organization. Congressional critics became vocal. Gen. Johnson no longer felt master of the vast machinery he had created. It was time to go. Roosevelt accepted his resignation in a note whose tone left no doubt of his sincere gratitude and appreciation. Johnson packed up his kit and left NRA to new administrators and to Congress.
-Ike-
DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND —By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen —
WASHINGTON, March 25.—One of the most dramatic battles of the year took place the other day between Donald Richberg and the labor leaders who, before the New Deal, he so ardently championed. But it took place behind closed doors. The issue was the extension of NIRA, which desperately needs labor support if it is to get by Congress. Without such support the act seems destined to be sabotaged by Senate Progressives. Only this dire necessity caused the bald-browed “Assistant President” to bare his breast before those who had been branding him “traitor” and “Judas” to the cause of labor throughout the land.
Facing him behind the locked doors of the NRA Labor Advisory Board were: Pudgy Bill Green. President of th** American Federation of Labor; Square-jawed John L. Lewis, head of the United Mine Workers; Sidney Hillman, top man in the Amalgamated Garment Workers. • FOR one hour Richberg told his story, gave his justification for the NRA and its labor policy. Then the pugnacious Lewis started the firweorks: “Labor helped wnte the NRA and put it on the statute books.” he thundered; “but what has it gotten out of it? Nothing! “You. Mr. Richberg.” and he waved his finger under Richbergs nose. “you. as general counsel of the NRA. are responsible for thf undermining of the effectiveness of Section "A.” Richberg flushed a deep red, but kept his temper. Quietly he denied Lewis’ charge. “Oh. yes you did." the burly miner retorted. “You drafted the presidential order placing a malority rule interpretation on Section 7A. Then, three days later, put out another interpretation nullifying majority rule and encouraging the spread of company unions, ineffective shop councils and all the rest of that kind of stuff. “I blame you for the breakdown of Section "A.” 000 RICHBERG again pleaded and argued, finally concluded with an expression of hope that the labor leaders would support the Administration’s “bill.” “What bill?” demanded Lewis quick as a shot. “We have seen no bill. Is this that secret bill you are reported to hare drafted
and are preparing to spring at the last minute?” “No, we have no bill as yet,” Richberg hastily denied. “We haven't drawn any bill as yet.” “We ll support no bill we know nothing about,” Lewis declared. “When you have your bill in shape you submit it to us and after we have studied it carefully we will tell you what we think about it.” Note—Report of a secret Administration bill the NRA is one thing which has aroused anti-NRA Senators. 000 WITH the exception of the White House and Huey Long. Chief Justice Hughes gets about as much fan mail as any one in Washington. And he is most meticulous in answering it. Every morning his messenger makes a special trip to collect and deliver it to the Chief Justices home. Much of it, pven crank letters, Mr. Hughes answers personally. One of his prize letters bore no name or address, simply a sketch of the Chief Justice drawn on the envelope and marked “Washington. D. C.” It was a perfect likeness, down to the last whisker and was delivered immediately to the “addressee.” 000 AN Army officer is preparing a high figure libel suit. He is Maj. Gen. T. Q. Ashburn, and his complaint is against the railroad executives who publish “Railroad Data.” Ashburn claims that a statement published in that organ by Thomas F. Woodcock, a former member of the Interstate Commerce Commission, libeled him. The dispute is significant chiefly because it brings out the terrific hostility long smoldering between the railroads and the governmentowned Inland Waterways Corp.
THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES
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Father Coughlin tells the radio public.
AS the country galloped toward the bank crisis of 1933, the voice of Father Coughlin had been growing in volume. Successive attacks on the Versailles Treaty, banking practices, prohibition, had shown the radio priest the way to his audience. A talk on “Hoover Prosperity” brought more than 1,000,000 mail replies, a record. The bank crisis was perhaps Father Coughlin’s greatest opportunity. The bank collapse, nationally, started with a particularly bad bank failure in Detroit, and Father Coughlin went after it hammer and tongs, naming names. Few people knew what the Detroit situation was about, or cared about the details of Father Coughlin’s feud with a Detroit publisher. But the public gathered that in Detroit was a men who was putting bankers on a very hot pan, and that was enough. Money to support the broadcasts and build the new Shrine came flooding in. Revelation followed that money donated to the Shrine of the Little Flower had been invested in silver futures at a time when Father Coughlin was urging the government to boost silver prices. His answer, substantially, was, "Well, why not?” And most of his radio listeners echoed him, “Well, why not?” The Crucifixion Tower and its adjoining new stone church building rose beside the little shingled parish church in Royal Oak, dominating the Michigan landscape for miles around. It was to cost $750,000. The tower was completed, but the interior of the new church remains unfinished and unfurnished. A contract for time with the Columbia broadcasting chain was not renewed, and Father Coughlin organized his own chain of 26 stations, costing some $14,000 a week for time. It was estimated that 30,000,000 people listened in weekly. tt n THREE times Cardinal O'Connell of Boston criticised the radio priest for his radio activities. Father Coughlin never hesitated. His reply was simply that the cardinal, though a high church dignitary, was not his “superior officer” in church organization, and that his own Bishop Gallagher of Detroit approved. The broadcasts v r ent on. A1 Smith was flayed. Banking reform and money reform were demanded. The soldier bonus was supported and Communism denounced. A swing away from the Roosevelt Administration became apparent. The days when there were whirlwind trips to Washington to confer with Prof. Moley and appear before congressional committees seemed fading away. Shortly after the election in the fall of 1934 came the culminating step. Father Coughlin organized. He called for 5.000.000 of his hearers to become members of his National Union for Social Justice, planned regional organizations by congressional districts, even projected a national convention of the membership. Announced as “a national lobby,” this movement for a time took on almost the aspect of a political party. , What it will turn out to be is not yet certain, except that it is a far cry from the simple “Golden Hour” talks of nine years ago.
INDEPENDENCE DAY IS OBSERVED BY GREEKS Pageant and Dance Feature Program of City Association. Grecian Independence day was observed here yesterday by the Greek-American Progressive Association No. 134 and its auxiliary with a meeting, pageant aid dance at Castle Hall Building. The revotl of the Greeks against the Turks from 1821 to 1831 was portrayed in the drama, “Sklava,” directed by Mrs. E. Misha us, auxiliary president. William P. Evans, former Marion County prosecutor, was the speaker.
SIDE GLANCES By George Clark
ft 1M BY XgA StßViCt. t. M. RtG. U. >■ PAT. Off. **
*Tve figured out how we can take that cruise and\stijl pay tome of our bills."
HUEY LONG entered on his job as Governor of Louisiana as a sort of progressive-reformer. He fought through a measure for free text books for school children. “No accomplishment of my career has given me such satisfaction,” Huey wrote. But he wrote it in 1933. He built roads, in fulfillment of his promise to “get the state out of the mud.” The parishes that had supported Long best got the most roads. He bulldozed the legislature, “steamrollered” legislation. There was an effort to impeach him on a long list of grave charges, but it failed. Huey went ahead with his program. He spent money freely to build up the state university, giving it one of the most spectacular physical plants in the country—some call It “the Cajin Country Club.” He tore down the historic old Governor’s mansion and replaced it with anew building; built a monumental $5,000,000 skyscraper capital” at Baton Rouge. Airports, bridges and river improvements were built. The state debt rose from $11,000,000 to more than $100,000,000. All this time Long was fighting (and beating) the old political machine in New Orleans, and building a better one himself.. In 1932 he put through his legislature a plan for cotton crop reduction which would have put the later AAA plans in the shade. It would simply have made it a crime to grow any cotton at all that year. No other ‘ states followed, and the plan collapsed. tt tt tt BEFORE Huey had served half of his term as Governor, in 1930, he ran for the United States Senate. Elected by a huge majority, he was afraid to leave Louisiana for fear another would step into his place as Governor and tear down his machine in his absence. So he stayed on for 14 months. Then, leaving the National Guard in charge of the state capitol, he went to Washington. Coldly received in the Senate, he did little in his first session. He commuted continually to Louisiana to assure the winning of the governorship for his machine. He couldn’t hold the job himself, so under the guns of the National Guard, he had O. K. Allen, a lifelong friend, elected in his place. Then he personally campaigned for Senator Hattie Caraway's election in Arkansas and campaigned against his former associate, Edwin Broussard, in Louisiana. He elected Mrs. Caraway, defeated Mr. Broussard. The Louisiana legislature collapsed entirely. It became a mere rubber-stamp legislative mill to grind out whatever laws Huey dictated. Renewing his feud with the oil companies, he had heavy taxes levied on them, but was forced to compromise when they started to move out of the state. The legislative mill ground out scores of laws at his nod, and still grinds. Huey Long is today dictator-in-fact of a sovereign state, a United States Senator to whom two other Senators owe their jobs, and is now making his bid for a national following.
‘First Settler’ Title Is Topic of Heated Debate Question Argued Here Since 1822 Still Far From Settlement; Two Families Active in Race.
WHO was the first settler in Indianapolis? That question, argued here since 1822, seems today still to be a subject for argument. Here's the available data; George Pogue, a blacksmith, moved here with his family March 2, 1819, from the White Water settlements. He built a double log cabin near what is now E. Michigan-st, a short distance east of what is known
Huey Long tells a Senate Committee.
as Pogue’s Run. John and James McCormick moved here with their families Feb. 27. 1820. So. it seems that the. Pogue family was the solitary occupant of Indianapolis for almost a year. Two years late/, Dr. Samuel G. Mitchell, the town's first physician, denied Pogue’s claim through the columns of the Indianapolis Gazette. The Gazette was first published in 1822 by George Smith and Nathaniel Bolton, and gave Dr. Mitchell an opportunity to uphold the McCormicks as first settlers. Dr. Mitchell claimed that Pogue did not move here until a month after the McCormicks, but does not say when his favorites arrived. MRS. POGUE in a statement at an old settlers meeting in 1854 still upheld the family honor. She claimed that she and her family arrived March 2. 1820, and the McCormicks, March 7, 1820, which throws the original date forward by one vear. In the 1880’s, William H. White of Hancock County came forward and claimed he was bom on Oct. 4, 1819, in a cabin which stood near what is now the intersection of Washington and Pennsylvaniasts. Old settlers could remember no such birth, when first births really meant something, and White’s try for glory passed with scant notice. A John McCormick ran the bar at Little’s Tavern in 1849, but there is nothing in history that definitely connects this man with the John McCormick of the “First Settler” wrangle. Edward Kepner to Speak Edward F. Kepner will speak on the subject “Playing the Game” at a meeting of the Men’s Brotherhood of the Beech Grove Methodist Episcopal Church at 7:30 tonight. The Greyhound Quartet of Indiana Central College will give a musical program.
/ Cover the World WM PHIUP SIMMS
WASHINGTON, March 25.—Sir John Simon, the writer learns, has with him on his epoch-mak-ing visit to Berlin today a bid for an arms truce. In the event he makes sufficient headway to warrant it. he would bring the matter up at the proposed conference between the ex-allies a few days later in northern Italy. Present would be representatives of Great Britain, France, Italy and perhaps the Soviet Union and the Little Entente —Yugoslavia, Rumania and
Czechoslovakia. If there is agreement among these powers, steps would then be taken to reach a general understanding with Germany, either in Italy, Switzerland or some other place agreed upon. In case Sir John walks out of Herr Hitler's presence rebuffed, the northern Italian conference is expected to mark the formation of an European coalition to encircle Germany by a ring of steel. If Sir John's mission succeeds, the forthcoming meeting of the League of Nations, now scheduled to take place the first week in April, after the allied conference
in Italy, will take a mild attitude toward Germany's scrapping of the Treaty of Versailles. If it fails. Germany will be pilloried for its violation, and the way left open for such sanctions as the signatories may see fit to take now or later. The British foreign secretary is expected to sound out Hitler along armament lines hitherto explored with a certain amount of success. That is to say, two years ago Germany would have been satisfied with a degree of rearmament which today her neighbors doubtless would be highly pleased to accord her in return for, say, a 10-year armament truce. tt n tt Germany's Demands W ere Few LESS than a year ago Baron Konstantin von Neurath. Reich minister for foreign affairs, who will sit in with Sir John and Reichsfuehrer Hitler, told the writer that while Germany intended to provide herself with that degree of armaments which her national defense requires, she was willing to confine it within certain limits. Germany, he said, did not seek offensive weapons. She wanted no heavy artillery. The biggest gun she asked, he specified, was 15 centimeters—about six inches. Other powers have them up to 18 inches. The Reich wanted no heavy tanks. Tanks up to six tons would be large enough. Other countries have 20-ton tanks. She would also have to have airplanes. It was suggested she would be satisfied with short-range military planes, in number about 30 per cent of the combined strength of her neighbors. It was also understood she would be satisfied with a short-term military force of 300.000 equipped with anti-aircraft, anti-tank and other modern pharaphemalia. m tt tt Now Asks Unlimited Air Force A LL this, of course, was conditioned upon GerJ\ many’s neighbors, within 10 years, reducing their armaments down to hers. Now Hitler has ossed all limits to the winds. Jittery world capitals are demanding whether he is bluffing or if he scents the calling of another world conference and hence is asking more than he knows Germany would get when the bargaining begins. Sir John has been commissioned by the ex-Allies to find out. He goes to Berlin in deadly earnest. Two Hitlerian threats have caused British blood to run cold. One is an unlimited air force. The other is submarines. TM one could destroy London in a night after less than an hour's flight from the continent. The ocher came with an ace of defeating England in the World War. Unless Sir John leaves Herr Hitler, therefore, with some modicum of assurance that limitation of armaments is still feasible, or that Britain can be made safe, the encirclement of Germany will be completed, probably within the week.
Today's Science BY DAVID DIETZ
THE recent award of the Bruce gold medal by the Astrc.nomical Society of the Pacific to Dr. V. M. Slipher Slipher constituted a fitting recognition of one of the most important figures in American and world astronomy. Beginning his astronomical career at the start of the century—he was graduated from Indiana University in 1901—he has been one of the leaders of twentieth century astronomy. He has distinguishing himself both as a practicing astronomer and as an executive. Since 1926 he has been the director of the famous Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Ariz. It was at this observatory, established by the late Prof. Percival Lowell on a site where high altitude and clear skies combined to promote the study of the planets, that the search for Prof. Lowell’s Planet X was carried on under Dr. Slipher’s direction, culminating in the discovery of the planet Pluto. One reason for giving the planet that name, it will be recalled, was that its symbol might be “PI,” the initials of Prof. Lowell's name. Dr. Stipher has always been interested in the planets. One of his earliest pieces of research was an attempt to establish the rotational period of the planet Venus. a a a THE problem of the rotation of Venus has not been carried much farther than Dr. Slipher s work of 1903. The best that can be said is that its period of rotation is two weeks or more. In 1912, Prof. Lowell and Dr. Slipher jointly tackled the problem of the rotation of the planet Uranus. This planet is far too distant to yield surface markings in the telescope. The fact, however, that it is flattened at the poles, indicates that it must have a high period of rotation. Attacking the problem again through the analysis of spectrum lines, they showed that Uranus rotated on its axis once in 10.8 hours. 000 MORE recently, Dr. Slipher has pioneered in the study of the atmospheres of the planets. Ths work carried on by a number of astronomers, including Slipher. Adams and Dunham at Mt. Wilson, and others, has established that the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn contain large amounts of ammonia and methane. Dr. Slipher has also worked in other fields of astronomy than that of the planets. In 1912, he suggested that the large irregular or diffuse nebulae, the great patches of luminous rloudy stuff revealed by the big telescopes, shone by reflected starlight. Researches, notably those of Hubble at Mt. Wilson, eetablished this point of view. He also pioneered in the series of observations which definitely established that the spiral nebulae were not within our own galaxy or Milk Way but were situated at vast distances from it. This discovery concerning the spiral nebulae is in many ways the distinguishing mark of twentieth century astronomy.
Questions and Answers
Q —Why was Andrew Johnson tried on an impeachment charge, and what was the vote in the Senate on his impeachment? A—H3 was accused of usurpation of the law, corrupt use of veto power, interference at elections and other high crimes and misdemeanors. He was tried by the United States Senate March 30. to May 26. ?.868, and was acquitted. The vote was 35 guilty and 19 not guilty. Two-thirds vote of the Senate is necessary to convict. Q—Did the United States government have any debts to foreign governments at the beginning of the World War? A—No.
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Wm. Philip Simms