Indianapolis Times, Volume 47, Number 1, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 March 1935 — Page 9

It Seems to Me HfYffll BROUN IIfKLN Gen Hugh S Johnson stood up recently * * to denounce Father Coughlin and Huey Long he took a few cracks at others in passing. I forget the exact phrase but there was some reference to kibitzing columnists.'* Accordingly it is a pleasure to welcome the general to our ranks. Announcement has made that Gen. Johnson will produce a daily column. It will deal with anything of interest, “that I know anything about.” Moreover, the new slave of the syn-

dicate has announced that never will he pull his punches. It is an interesting but a difficult task to which this cub journalist has been assigned. He will me*t a deadline for the first time and on certain afternoons he may know the agony of looking at blank paper and saying to himself, "What on earth have I got to write about?" If he can still stick to his intention of dealing only with themes concerning which he is informed the general will move at once to the head of the class. And another championship also will be his if he never departs

Hr y wood Broun

from his promise to swing all his punches from the floor. On Saturday the new feature writer asked some of the reporters around to discuss with him the problems of new craft. According to the press lie demon 'rated his ability to type with the two i ,de X finger which is quite in line with the usual columnar custom. If the voting man from Oklahoma cares to listen to the ugge -uons of a veteran columnist I would advise h;m to read all his mail very carefully but no* to take unfriendly comment too much to heart. Os course, the general is something of an authority on dead cats but once he starts in columnmg he will encounter breeds he has never seen before. a a a Joining Guild Is Suggested AFTER Gen. Johnson has been functioning in the new Job for about three days he will begin to receive communications saying. "You used to be fair upon a time but. of late your stuff has reached anew all time low.” In the very same batch of mail Hugh Johnson will find himself assailed as a professional Hitler baiter and an anti-Semite. When he tries to be frivolous clients-will rebuke him for fiddling during a fouralarm fire and if he is strict they will want to know what has become of his \aunted sense of humor. The Men's Club of Larchmont will invite him to deliver a .speech for its members on May 5 and be pretty sore when he says that he can not. One press agent will offer him an r pportunitv to judge a beauty contest and he will be asked to sit in on a session to determine the best way of making mint Juleps. A young woman in lowa will inform the general that she has chosen as the subject of her graduation thesis —"My Favorite Columnist,” and will he please send her one thousand words on the facts of his life. The general will do well to ignore all these things. But there are a f* w suggestions I would like to make on the constructive side. When Gen. Johnson wa in NR A he once advised newspaper men to join the guild. I do not know whether at present Hugh S. Johnson favors that organization or is against it. But is a working newspaper man I think he ought tr join, even if he doesn't like it he could bore from witlun. And at the very least ho could get some firs* rate columnar material from the association. man Faces Injunction in Newark AS a commentator on news of interest the former of the codes ought to visit the fighting front in Ne vark. There are aspects in the Ledger strike which never came up in any of the labor disputes with which the general dealt while he was in office Os course. I should warn the general that if he guild he can studv the news in Newark onl\ at the risk or a possible jail sentence of 90 dav He will find himself hampered by an injunction under which he could be forbidden to loiter or to talk to any “loyal worker.” He could not distribute any printed matter which the trustees of the Ledger or the vice chancellor considered as containing false statements. Most hampering of all to Oen. Johnson would be the fact that if he went on the air he could be cited for contempt of court in the event that he n.ed "annoying language.” Probably he couldn’t get on the air for one station ha* already refused to sell time for a talk on labor injunctions. And yet I strongly urge the new columnist to iom the guild and get into the Newark fight. Even Gen. Johnson could learn more about labor conditions and the use of the injunction in one aftemocn in Newark than he was able to gather in his large Washington office in a year's time. iCopvriKht. 1935*

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ MAGNESIUM is becoming increasingly important in the industrial world while at the same time biochemists are accumulating new data on its extreme importance in the scheme of life. Chlorophyll, the green coloring matter in plants, makes life possible, for it is only when this is present that plants are able, with the energy of sunlight, to turn the carbon dioxide of the air and the water of the soil into the sugars and starches of their tissues. It has been found that chlorophyll is strikingly similar to hemoglobin, the red coloring matter in the biood One of the chief differences is that whereas hemoglobin contains iron, chlorophyll contains magnesium. Magnesium is well known to high school students of chemistry as a soft, white metal, usually found in the laboratory in the form of a thin, flat ribbon. A piece of thus ribbon can be ignited with a match and burns with a very intense white flame. This characteristic of magnesium powder, wire or ribbon, so delightful to the high school experimenter. forms the basis of several of its important commercial uses. It is used in flashlight powder, fireworks, and illumination bombs. The crumpled sheet of thin metal in the new photoflash bulbs now in general use by newspaper photographers and others is magnesium. a a a 'T'HERE are three other main uses few magnesium. A its second important use is in organic synthesis, m the manufacture of organic chemical compounds. Many substances which are otherwise difficult or impossible to produce, can be synthesized with the aid of magnesium. The third important use is as a deoxidant in metallurgy, that is. as a means of removing oxygen from molten metals. The fourth use of magnesium is as a structural metal This is almost always in the form of an alloy. The most important alloy is known as Dowmetal. The weight of these alloys makes them the lightest known structural metals available for engineering purposes Aluminum is 16 times as heavy as an equal \olume of Dowmetal, while steel is 4 4 times as heavy. All the important developments in magnesium have come since the World War. Researches upon magnesium were begun by the research department of the Dow Chemical Cos. in 1914. Among the pioneer investigators engaged in this research was Dr. W. R Veazev. professor of chemical engineering at Case School of Applied Science, Cleveland. O. mam AS a result of the researches of the Dow company, the cost of magnesium has been reduced from $5 a pound in 1915 to 57 cents a pound in 1929 Increase in consumpt.on climbed from 50.000 pounds in 1921 to a present annual consumption estimated at 900.000 pounds. The Michigan salt brines, coming from wells 1200 to 1400 feet deep, contain about 3 per cent magnesium chloride Since It is soluble in water, the first step in the manufacture of magnesium is a complex fractional crystallization to separate the magnesium chloride from the other salts dissolved in the water. ,

Poll Leaoed Wlr* Service of ♦h United Pre* Association

The LOVE LETTERS of NAPOLEON to MARIE LOUISE |

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR Collapse of the Grand Army “VdADAME ET CHERE iYI AMIEbegan a letter from the Emperor, dated Sept. 27, “you will preside over the Senate, and you will deliver the following speech.” And a paper drafted in code fell from the letter. It instructed her to have the orators of the Council of State submit and the conservative Senate pass a senatus-con-suitum prescribing a levy of 280,000 conscripts, 160,000 of them as an advance of the 1810 contingent. In the imperial missives, the words "my affairs are going fairly well” occur again and again, which shows that they were going Ladlv, all the more so in view of the fact that the illness of the major general of the army, Berthier, Prince de Neufchatel, was not calculated to comfort the Emperor. Between Oct. 5 and 26 there is a gap in the Emperor's correspondence. Silence prevails. What a number of events—of painful events —succeeded one another in the meantime! On the Bth. the Bavarian Corps went over to the enemy: General de wrede had come to terms with the Austrians. In order to hem in Napoleon finally, three armies had converged towards Leipzig, coming up from Silesia, from Bohemia and from the North, under Blucher, Schwarzenberg and Bernadotte, respectively; they were 325.000 strong, while Napoleon had but 214.000 men. Action was joined from all sides on Oct. 11. In the North, Marmont had Blucher to contend with; in the West, Bertrand beat Gyulav. But it was more particularly in the South, at Wachau, that the storm raged. Napoleon was holding his own against the Prussians and the Russians, against Kleist, Wittgenstein and Prince Eugene of Wurttemberg. A headlong charge by Murat, Kellerman and Latour-Maubourg was about to break through the enemy's center, when the Czar sent the Russian Guard, the Prussian Guard and the Cossacks into action. Napoleon held his own at every point. An informal armistice observed on the following day favored the Allies, who recieved reinforcements. man NAPOLEON mover nearer to Leipzig. On Oct. 8 the Probstheida plateau was the key position. Here Laursiton and Victor successfully resisted the furious assaults of Schwarzenberg. Kleist and Wittgenstein, who vainly charged again and again. Macdonald, however, was pushed back by Benningsen. Bernadotte crossed the Pariha with his Swedes, and suddenlyf in the midst of the battle, the Saxon and Wurttemberg Corps. 35,000 strong, who served as a link between Napoleon and Ney, went over to the enemy, joined Bernadotte and turned their guns against their erstwhile brothers-in-arms. Napoleon moved up with the Household Cavalry to Ney’s assistance. But retreat was imperative. Napoleon had lost the Battle of the Nations. How poignant is the short note dated Oct. 25, in which the Emperor announces his impending return to Mayence and refers the Empress to the bulletins for knowledge of "the state of his affairs!”

Ma bonne amie. I shall be in Mayence in a few days’ time. The bulletins will tell you all about my affairs. My health is very good. Please give a kiss to the little King and never doubt your faithful husband. NAP. Gotha. Oct. 25th. (18131. With Bertrand in the lead and Oudinot bringing up the rear, the French army fell back, vigorously pursued by Blucher. while Gyulay on the left and Yorck on the right clung to its flanks like a pack of wolves. The Bavarian General de Wrede. formerly so proud of the approval of the foremost of the world's soldiers, was in position at Hanau. near Frankfort. on Oct. 5, when Napoleon appeared. Macdonald's sharps hooters, pending the arrival of his guns, came into action. Then, as soon as Drouot's batteries were lined up. the Old Guard moved to the attack. Sabred by the Cuirassiers and the Dragoons. Schwarzenberg's Uhlans and the Austrian regiment and the Austrian regiment under Jordis were wiped out. De Wrede was wounded. The rout of the Austro-Bavanans was complete. m m m IT is a dangerous thing to attack a wounded lion. Ma bonne Louise. I have arrived at Frankfort, on my way to Mayence. I gave the Bavarians and Austrians a good thrashing yesterday, the 30th. at Hanau. They were 60.000 strong. I took 6000 prisoners, some colors and some guns. They were foolish enough to think they would cut me off. My health is very rood and has never be*n better .uio, mio bene. Nap. Frankfort, fV .per ?ist (1813i. By * r „v. 2. Napoleon was in Mayence: the year 1813 alone had witnessed the retreat of the French army from banks of the Niemen to the banks of the Rhine As the result of successive desertions and treasons, the “Grand Army of the Nations” was now reduced to the French army alone, to the reorganization of which Napoleon, no sooner back in Mayence. applied himself. He knew their worth: “My troops have a

The Indianapolis Times

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At Leipzig, Oct. 18, 1813, began “The Battle of the Nations,” one of the most crucial engagements in Napoleon’s career. Against him were arrayed the combined forces of Austria, Sweden, Russia and Prussia. As they and the French joined in combat, Bonaparte’s chances of victory received an unexpected and vital blow; his Saxon and Wurtem-

decided superiority over the enemy.” Mon amie. I have received your letter of November 3rd. If Louis comes as a French Prince to take his stand next the Throne. I will receive him and forget all the libels he has published about me. If be comes as King of Holland, it is not very nice of him to oblige me to take stern measuies just when I have so much to do, but the man is a fool. Pity me for having an ill-mannered family, I who have loaded them up with benefits. My health is very good. I am reorganizing my army. Everything is taking shape. Give a kiss to my son. Tout a toi. Nap. Mayence, November 6th (1813). man IRRESISTIBILY, the tidal-wave of invasion was breaking on the frontiers of France. The armies launched in hot pursuit of Napoleon were forging ceaselessly ahead. A composite host of Austrians, Wurttembergers. Russians and Bavarians, the main army under Schwarzenberg and Bubna. in conjunction with the Bohemian army, with its emperors and kings, was pouring into Alsace and Franche-Comte by w r ay of Switzerland: Blucher's Saxons. Prussians and Russians —the Silesian army—were sweeping into Lorraine, while an army of Russians. Swedes and Prussians under Bernadotte, Wintzingarode and Blow was invading France through Belgium. Without having to lay siege to places on their way. all these forces made a concerted drive on Paris. Yet another army was coming up from the South; it was composed of English, Portuguese, Spanish-and German troops, with Wellington in command, and Marshal Soult was endeavoring to stem its onset, making the most of such natural defenses as the rivers in the south of France. In Italy the allies were held by the line of the Adigio, defended by Eugene de Beauharnais. Napoleon had left garrisons behind in Germany at many of the fortified towns. Dresden, Madgeburg, Dan fig, Torgau and Erfurt—islets of vain resistance soon to be submerged; but Napoleon hoped to make good these losses, and that

SIDE GLANCES

i gTiws v wea senviCE. iwc r. m. we. u. %. nr. A

“Oh, that’s the one, Dexter. It will go so well with that incense burner Aunt Bess sent you Christmas.’'

INDIANAPOLIS, TUESDAY, MARCH 12, 1935

the “call of honor would prove a call to arms,” summoning every Frenchman to defend the sacred soil of France. The senate, however, and the legislature were all for peacepeace. they averred, was “ardently desired by France, essential to humanity.” “Is this a moment to remonstrate with me—when 200,000 Cossacks are breaking through our frontiers? What is the 'throne ? A piece of wood, draped with a strip of velvet; surely, to speak the language of a king, I am the throne.” And he was determined to defend the throne. Special recruiting officers were dispatched posthaste to raise new troops, to constitute a national guard which would act as a reserve. No time could be lost; Epinal had surrendered to fifty Cossacks, Macon to fifty Hussars, Rheims to a halfcompanv Nancy to Bluchcr’s scouts. jangres and Dijon had capitulated. The mere cry “The Cossacks are coming” sufficed to send a wave of terror through the countryside; Paris was panicstricken, a a a “ r | V) the courage of the National A Guard I entrust the Empress and the King of Rome, my wife and child,” the Emperor said, addressing the officers of the National Guard of Paris. Leaving Marie Louise as regent, and his brother, King Joseph, as her adviser, Napoleon quitted the capital at 3 a. m. Jan. 25, 1814, to resume command of the army—a sadly depleted army of 50,000 men, dispersed in and about Chalons and Vitry-le-Francois, under Marshal Ney, Victor, Marmont and Mortier. The Emperor’s plan was to prevent the concentration of the various enemy forces operating between the Marne and the sources of the Seine. Starting from SaintDizier, he marched on Brienne. On Jan. 29, at Brienne. he launched a successful attack on Blucher’s Prussians and Alsufief’s Russians. On Feb. 1 the allies joined battle; they outnumbered the French by three to one. The center of the French army, with the Young Guard, was at La Rothiere. Losses on both sides were equal, but Napoleon ordered a retreat

By George Clark

berg troops, in the midst of battle, deserted to the enemy. The Grand Army was forced to retreat, falling back as far as Hanau. When the pursuing allies arrived there, their Uhlans and Austrian infantry were cut to pieces by Bonaparte’s cuirassiers and dragoons. H. Chartier, in the painting reproduced above, pictures the charge of the French.

on Troyes. This explains the advice given to Marie Louise. Mon amie, You ask me whether you should go to the opera to hear l’Oriflamme. You have gauged my opinion correctly, you must not do so. So long as'the territory of the Empire is overrun by enemies, you should go to no performance, the only one that would be worthy of you would be to go to St. Genevieve’s to pray. You ask me whether you should see the King of Naples and the Prince a second time: no, because I have not seen them again. I shall be at Troyes tomorrow. Adieu, mon amie. Tout a toi. NAP Piney, February 2nd. (1814) ana _ HOW justifiable was the refusal to receive the King of Naples! And what effrontery was Murat’s when he ventured to approach the Empress after his compact with the enemy On Jan 6, and again on the 11th, did he not sign a pact of alliance with the counts of London and Vienna—in order to safeguard his throne? He promised to furnish the allies with 30,000 men, and this force was destined to contribute, in the following month, to the setback of Prince Eugene de Beauharnais in Italy. The French army was dying of hunger. “The Empress is dying of consumption,” Napoleon wrote to King Joseph, and advised him “to keep her spirits up.”

_The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GCXROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Alien

WASHINGTON, March 12.—Not yet known to Townsendites throughout the country, or even to Congress generally, is the fact that the famous old-age pension scheme has quietly undergone drastic revision. The S2OO a month feature is out. Instead has been substituted a provision assessing a 2 per cent sales tax plus additional income and inheritance taxes with the size of the monthly stipend dependent on the amount of money such taxes would

produce. In other words, if the proposed special taxes would raise only enough to finance a SIOO a month pension, that is all that would be paid. Reason for the significant change is failure of the original plan to make any real progress on Capitol Hill. Despite the hundreds of bags of mail that have rained down on Washington, the tremendous personal pressure brought on members of Congress from the folks back home, Dr. Townsend and his corps of zealots simply have not been getting anywhere. His bill was ridiculed and battered in committee, and he personally was humiliated. In the hope that by making concessions enough support can be rallied to get the essentials of his plan accepted by Congress, Dr. Townsend has resorted to the strategy of offering compromises. If that fails he has still another card up his sleeve —a march of 100.000 indigent aged on Washington early in May. matt SAID Senator Pat McCarran, author of the prevailing wage amendment, during the course of an exchange with Floor Leader Joe Robinson on the issue: “I only sought to aid the Senator from Arkansas.” Mr. Robinson: “The Senator is very kind. The Lord knows I need assistance.” Mr. McCarran: “I know it, and the Senator is going to need more from now on.” Mr. Robinson: “Yes, probably so, and I should be very much surprised if I had the assistance of the Senator from Nevada.” Mr. McCarran:. “The Senator will have the assistance of the Senator from Nevada every time we can do something to build up the country and not tear it down.” a a a MUCH more than appeared on the surface is behind Navy Secretary Claude Swanson’s defiant announcement that hereafter lie will ignore rulings by,

But the news of the La Rothiere engagement, as published in the Moniteur at Paris, had caused widespread anxiety. The director of museums applied for sanction to remove the pictures from the Louvre. The bullion at the treasury was loaded on to wagons which were kept in readiness to start in the Tuileries courtyard. This atmosphere of panic impressed Napoleon. “I had meant to launch an attack on Bar-sur-Aube, against Emperor Alexander.” he wrote to Kin? Joseph on February 6th. “but I am sacrificing everything else to the necessity for covering Paris.” He realized that, in the capital, people had “lost their heads.” There is a faint gleam of hope in a letter written by the Emperor to Marie Louise Feb. 8. And the following letter, too, strikes an optimistic note. Mon amie, I wrote to you three times yesterday for I am sorry to know you are anxious; I will tell you, as between ourselves, that peace will probably be signed within 4 days; besides the enemy is" pushed back from Paris in every direction. They are far too frightened in Paris. Tout a toi. Nap. The Bth, 3 a. m. (February, 1814). Next—The Lion Awakes. (Copyright. 1935, in France by Bibliotheque Nationale: in all other countries bv United Feature Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction either in whole or in part prohibited. All rights reserved.)

Controller General J. P. McCarl. The Navy head spoke not only for himself. When he sounded off, he did so for and with the consent of the White House. Furthermore, other department chiefs can be expected to thumb their nose at the Republican appointee should he give them the occasion to do so. The Administration has declared war on Mr. McCarl. The inner circle has been smarting for months under Mr. McCarl's continual thwarting of New Deal projects by ruling their expenditures unlawful. In an effort to see what could be done about fighting back, legal sharpshooters were set to checking over his powers and prerogatives. The secret report they submitted to the President advised: “That while the law creating the office of Controller General states specifically that the incumbent can not be removed during his 15-year term, the Supreme Court in a subsequent decision (the Myers case) held the President has the power to dismiss any appointive official. “That while Mr. McCarl has the power to rule against a government expenditure he is without the means of enforcing his holdings as he can only take legal action through the Justice Department. Hence, if the Attor-ney-General disagrees with him and refuses to act, there is nothing Mr. McCarl can do about the matter.” a a a THIS is exactly what happened in the Swanson - McCarl squabble. Mr. McCarl held against an item of expenditure, whereupon Mr. Swanson obtained a contrary opinion from Attorney-General Homer S. Cummings and refused to abide by Mr. McCarl’s decision. And there is nothing the latter can do about it as the only way the money can be recovered is for Mr. Cummings to prosecute —a course he obviously will not pursue.

Second. Section

Entered as Scond-Class Matter at Postoffice. Indianapolis. Ind.

Fair Enough WESTBROOK PEGLER WASHINGTON. D. C., March 12 —Of course, the President of the United States needs his shuteye and his loyal subjects, as a whole, will understand his feelings when. In the dead of night, after a hard day at the office, a flying street car goes booming past his bedroom window. However, there are exceptions, namely those passengers on the transport planes to whom the project of coming down to earth in one piece and without being broiled in a gasoline fire is a matter of prior

importance. Os Rite, In Washington, the passenger ships aiming at the needle’s-eye airport which lies on the far side of the river, surrounded by permanent hazards and frequently fogged up with swampmist or fumes from a smoldering dump, have been ordered to steer clear of a large zone of maneuver known as the metropolitan area. Previously, the pilots, whose job can hardly be described as care-free, had made use of all the available air in Washington in the delicate task of threading the needle. The Washington airport, the most dan-

gerous and difficult passenger port in the United States, is defended by many barriers. There should be a better airport, of course, but there isn’t, and the worst one in the country has been made more dangerous to Ms. Roosevelt's subjects. It will be pointed out that the White House does not occupy the entire area which has recently been placed out of bounds, but that fact only makes it worse. The rest of the territory was included merely so that the order would not seem to discriminate in favor of the President and thus have the sound of a royal decree. From the standpoint of the pilots, however, and of the passengers locked in the big, tin tubes with them, it would have been kinder if the order had frankly forbidden flying over the palace and just let it go at that. nan Strange Lack of Sympathy BARRED from flying over a much larger zone which merely includes the White House, the pilots are dangerously cramped in approaching a field which is too tight for safety even though a ship be given all the air there is, and good weather, too. It is a strange lack of sympathy. Mr. Roosevelt cheered the aircraft industry and probably encouraged many citizens to try flying, and also to vote for him, when he elected to fly from Albany to the Chicago convention to accept his nomination. Mrs. Roosevelt also flew extensively early in their joint Administration and it seemed that they must have a warm fellow feeling for the passenger who is still by way of being a pioneer or guinea-pig of the aviation business. A passenger in a fog-bound or ice-coated ship staggering around the outskirts of the capital might be pardoned for voting to wake the boss up just this once and take advantage of all the meager breaks which the sky presents. This is not to deny, of course, that a sound as of a brewery truck running across the roof at night is likely to be a disturbance. But the same objection was raised against the railroad, the street car and the elevated lines in big cities many years ago and overruled on the ground that progress had to progress even at the expense of personal inconvenience to a few. tt a a Pilot Accused of Sightseeing I AST Friday afternoon during the funeral of the t late Chief Justice Holmes at Arlington Cemetery, a Ford ship iced up in the air and then got lost for almost an hour, flying hither and yon trying to find The dime-size Washington airport. There was a great concern on the ground and, possibly, even more acute worry in the plane. At last, however, the Ford found the field and came down just as a Douglas, carrying 14 passengers and also coated with ice, made ready to land. The windshield of the Douglas was opaque and the pilot, a Mr. Potts, was taking squints out of the window. Mr. Potts was eager to be seated, but deferred to the Ford and went off on a short cruise to let the Ford get out of the way. Avoiding the forbidden area, the Douglas just used the available air and presently, through no desire of anybody on board to engage in sightseeing at that uncertain moment, passed over Arlington. Very soon after that, a presidential aid with the rank of captain called up the Department of Commerce to demand that steps be taken. He said the Douglas was zooming over Arlington, as though a transport pilot thinking of fourteen lives in addition to his own and that of his co-pilot would zoom a ship the size of a three-room flat merely to watch a lot of indistinguishable figures standing around a grave with their plug hats on their elbows. Your correspondent has reliable information that no steps will be taken against Pilot Potts. (Copyright. 1935. by United Feature Syndicate Inc.)

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN FOR years it has been noted that cancer seems to run in families, but modern studies have shown that, for the more usual types of tumors which are widely distributed, it is of little significance. In a recent review of the subject, a specialist points out that certain unusual types of cancer seem to be quite definitely inherited. There is the case of one family in which 10 of 16 children had a certain unusual form of tumor of the retina, the tissue at the back of the eye. The parents in this family did not have these tumors, but an uncle on the father’s side did die from the same malady as affected these children. The evidence that becomes available from the study of twins is of special interest. There are 38 cases in which twins have been involved in the study of tumor. In 12 cases, only one member of the pair had a tumor but, of course, the remaining member was still living and it was not possible to say that he would not eventually develop a tumor. In the remaining instances, both members of the twin groups had tumors. * a a WHILE this kind of evidence may seem to establish definitely the importance of heredity in relationship to cancer, there is also plenty of good evidence as to the influence of environment. Certain types of cancer are often associated with unusual habits. In one part of Kashmir, the natives develop cancers of the walls of the abdomen. These are associated with repeated burns from a sort of earthenware stove filled with charcoal which the people in the northern parts of the country wear around their waists to provide warmth. It is also recognized that special types of cancer from coal tar occur among chimney-sweeps. Moreover, it has been possible to produce cancers in rats by rubbing coal tar on their ears for a long time. n m n THUS the factors responsible in cancer would seem to be of two types—the hereditary factor and the irritant factor. Some types of cancer may be the result of only one of these forces; others the result of both. There is a form of skin disease in which there 6eems to be a hypersensitivity of the skin, so that under the influence of light there is inflammation leading to malignant changes. Undoubtedly all human beings vary in their amount of resistance to cancer, and in the amount of susceptibility or likelihood that exists in them to the development of new growths. While these studies do not definitely fix the cause of cancer, they add a great deal to our knowledge / the way in which it develops and thereby lucre {fee the eventual likelihood of control. *

Westbrook Prgler