Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 250, Indianapolis, Marion County, 27 February 1935 — Page 11

It Seems to Me HEYWOOD BROUN IHAVE seen nothing more dramatic than the substance and the manner of Charles A. Beard's attack upon William Randolph Hcarst. Undoubtedly the effect w?:> heightened by the fact that this was a teaching group meeting sedately on a Sunday afternoon abaft the boardwalk in the rose room. I am sware that Uncle Charlie, as he is known to educators. Is the dean of American historians, but I gravely suspect that there is actor blood in his

ancestrial line. It was my assignment to play the stooge for Dr. Beard. This was not a plot. My only advance information was that the old gentleman would make a set address on educational problems and that toward the end he would say something "fairly direct” about Mr. Hearst. Accordingly, I did a Maxie Rosenbioom and although I pawed once or twice in the direction of San Simeon I let nothing fly from the shoulder. In spite of the characteristic flaw that grave things were treated lightly, it was a pretty fair speech until Uncle Charlie got

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Hey wood Broun

warmed up and made it seem as pale as the ghost of Hamlet's father. For that matter, the professor, himself, began a little apologetically, he was an old man an* not sufficiently nimble wilted to speak extemporaneously after the manner of his brilliant friend, the young newspaper columnist from New York. And after a little more mendacious matter of the same sort. Uncle Charlie announced that he would be compelled to stick to the paper which he had written on the historical approach to education. mam Rattled Pages Ominously HE rattled a sheaf of prepared pages ominously and proceeded mildly enough to outline the theory that teaching ought to be “a scholarly, balanced presentation of the facts '* But at this point the old historian,, who once met General Grant and didn't like him, looked up from his manuscript. In addition to actor blood I think that maybe Uncle Charlie has in him a strain of American bald eagle. He gave the moment its slight dramatic pause as he seemed to be sighting some moving object on a mountain peak many miles away. And then he said slowly: -Some people, I am told, don't want this kind of teaching, among them Wil' *m Randolph Hearst” It reminded me of Madison Square Garden and the instant when a man from Maine mentioned the Ku-Klux Klan by name for the first time in the Democratic convention. Other people had hinted and suggested, but Uncle Charlie said. "William Randolph Hearst” right out, just like that. And he continued to point. "An enemy of everything that is noblest and best In our American tradition ... no person with intellectual honesty or moral integrity will touch him with a ten-foot pole . . . only cowards can be intimidated by Hearst .** I began to wonder what my friend had meant when he said that the old gentleman would say something "fairly direct'' about Mr. Hearst. But I didn't have much chance to wonder because I was up on my feet cheering with the rest. mm* Ton Hoi to Handle TEACHERS and school superintendents and deans do not differ from other people under exciting stimuli. A professor of mathematics was standing on his chair whistling through two fingers. A chemistry teacher in the center aisle was leaping two feet off the ground every time Dr. Beard stuck the knife into the editor again. All but three people out of a possible 900 seemed intent upon hitting the sawdust trail. And the dean of American historians had not one raised his voice. He dealt with William Randolph Hearst in as dispassionate and detached a manner as he might have used in discussing the failings of some Iroquois chief now dead and gone. And when he was done he said, "I have made copies of my remarks, if the gentlemen of the press are l r - terested. so that there need be no mistake about w nat I have said.” I must insist that under any definition of news which I have overheard it is distinctly news when Uncle Charlie leaves his Connecticut farm to thrust a straight, a steady and an accusing finger in the face of William Randolph Hearst. But with a few honorable exceptions American newspapers either spiked the whole speech as too hot to handle or decided that Dr. Charles A. Beard, dean of American historians. was fit for their columns only after the most radical sort of censorship. And this, too, I suppose is a part of “the freedom of the press.” (CbTrrrtght, 1935)

Today's Science BY DAVID DIETZ

A WORLD of sounds, inaudibl* to the human ear. exists around us. Its existence has been proved by Prof. George W. Pierce of the Cruft Laboratory of Harvard University. Working with ingenius radio, apparatus. Prof. Pierce and his assistants have picked up the noises of inserts which have so high a frequency that they are inaudible to the human ear. This apparatus, by means of the heterodyne principle, transposes the sounds to a lower wavelength, thus making them audible to the human ear in the loudspeaker. The pitch of a sound is the result of the number of vibrations a second of the sound wave causing it. The higher the pitch, the higher the frequency or number of vibrations a second. The human ear will not respond to vibrations of more than 18.000 a second. If, for example, a vibrating reed is used to produce sounds, when the vibrations pass this number, no sound is heard any more. Observers have often noticed also that when a humming bird is singing, the notes finally get so high m pitch that they are no longer heard. Prof. Pierce’s work has been carried on chiefly with a common field cricket, about one-third the size of the house cricket. It is a small, dark brown creature known scientifically as Nemobius Fasciatus. a a a '*T'HE sound detector attached to Prof. Pierce’s A apparatus is so delicate that it will pick up the sound of a cricket 200 yards away. This field cricket sings in unbroken trills, some of them lasting five minutes without a pause. The frequency is 8000 vibrations a second. This is approximately five octaves above middle C on the piano, and of course is audible to the human ear. The apparatus, however, reveals that there are strong harmonics or overtones in the trill which occur at vibrations of 16.000. 24.000 and 32.000 a second. a a a PROF. PIERCE has also undertaken the study of I certain bird noises. He finds that newly hatched robins sing their loudest at a frequency of 15.000 vibrations a second, very close to the limit of human audibility. Blackpoll warblers also sing at about 15.000 vibrations a second. A most interesting feature of his study is that he has found many unsuspected sources of these extremely high-frequency sounds or "supersonic noises," as they are sometimes called. For example, leaves vibrating in the wind generate such sound waves. A freshly ignited match likewise generates them. The rubbing of clothing also causes them. A surprising discovery is the ability of these supersonic noises to travel through the air. Thus. Prof. Pierce finds that the ticking of a watch includes harmonics with frequencies of 30.000 vibrations a second. His apparatus is able to detect these vibrations at a distance of 30 feet. Q—Who composed the "University of Maine Stein Song"? A—E. A. Feasted. Q—What relation was President John Quincy Adams to president John Adams? A—Eldest sqp*

Full Leaied Wir* Serrlc# of th<* Ucited Press Association

The LOVE LETTERS of NAPOLEON to MARIE LOUISE

CHAPTER THIRTEEN The £zar Refuses Peace YV hile Napoleon, in Moscow, awaited the result of his attempted peace negotiations with the Czar Alexander, his thoughts turned to Paris, to Saint-Leu, to the valley of Montmorency, to the opera, to the Comedie Francaise, the statutes of which he drew up, to all the places embellished by the presence of his dear Louise, mio bene, as “her Nap” calls her in Corsican patios. Ma bonne Louise, I have just received your letter of Sept. 8, in which I read that the weather is very bad in Paris. I have granted what you desire to pay your ladies-in-waiting. My health is very good. The weather is turning rather eold, but a rather springlike (?) eold. Pray keep well, be cheerful, kiss the little King fondly for me. So the little silly did not recognize his nurse? He is a little wretch Adieu, mon amie. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, September 24th <1812). Ma ehere Louise. I have received your letter of the 9th and I am glad to find that you were in very good health, that your son was loveable and was a great source of satisfaction to you. My health is good. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, the 25th (September, 1812). Mon amie, I have received your letter of September 12th, in which you presume I am in Moscow. You are not mistaken. Everybody speaks well of the little King. I am very desirous of seeing him. Kiss him for me and do not doubt but that I share all your feelings and what you yourself have said, mio ben. My health is very: good. Your NAP. Moscow, September 27th (1812). Mon amie. I have received your letter in which you refer to Saint-Leu. I am very pleased to hear you liked the valley of Montmorency, it is a very picturesque spot, but it is in Tune that it is at its best. My health is good. I love you. Kiss my son. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October 2nd (1812). Ma chere amie Louise, I have received your letter of Sept. 16th. which you give me such a glowing account of the little King. I was glad to hear you were in good health and easy in your mind. Do be cheerful if you wish to please me, for I could not bear to think you are melancholy and anxious. We shall meet a month earlier or a month later, I am looking forward to this as eagerly as you are, for you do not doubt but that I love you very dearly and that my happiness is to be with ma bonne Louise. Kiss the

_ The-

DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND —By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen —

T YTASHINGTON, Feb. 27.—Nothing in the Nation's capital is more W pitiful these days than the long and dolorous face of Henry Wallace. He is going around telling all his friends how much he regretted the "purging” of the AAA. what staunch support he had from the liberals he was forced to put on the street.

Undoubtedly this is true. And this brings out a certain fundamental but interesting difference between Mr. Wallace and Big Jim Farley, his direct opposite in the Cabinet. It makes no difference how unfit for office a man may be. Jim will fighttor him to the last ditch, provided he has contributed to the cause of Democracy. He never wavers. You can always be absolutely certain where he stands. Mr. Wallace, on the other hand, has a fine and idealistic conception of fitness for public office, has picked an above-average group of men to run his Agriculture Department. But under pressure he will surrender. One explanation of Henry Wallace these days may be the secret which some of his best friends are whispering regarding him—that he cherishes presidential ambitions. Mr. Wallace is young, could wait until Roosevelt filled another term, then be just about ripe for the White House. And the Federal Council of Churches, realizing this, has sent him a letter urging that he groom himself for the "succession.” a a a HERE are the highlights of a bona fide application from a wholesale grocer in Danville. Ky., for a loan from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation: "History of mv cash wholesale grocery business. Established June 7. 1932. We done a business of $600,000 a year. The market crashed in 1929 and I never recovered financially. ‘•I married into a prominent family of Kentucky people. I work hard every day. I have no bad habits, strictly all business all the time. I never bet on horse races. Never attended one in my entire life. I live with my mother-in-law in DanviUe. "Danville is the greatest little city in Kentucky, has $2,000,000 worth of paved streets. Thousands of railroad people live here. Cattle. sheep and hogs today are living off blue grass fields, that blue grass is a foot high. My father sold a lot here for $250 per foot. “No banker here was ever sent to prison. . . . My wife is heir to

The Indianapolis Times

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Although the burning of Moscow meant catastrophe to Napoleon’s attempt to subdue Russia, he mentioned the event in his letter to Marie Louise as no more than presenting a scene suitable to make a fine panoramic painting. But he knew himself defeated. He sent emis-

little King 3 times, love me and do not doubt. NAP. Moscow, October 4th, 2 a. m. (1812). Ma bien bonne Louise. It gave me great pleasure to read your letter of September 17th. You tell me the new Opera house is very fine. Why have you not been there? It would have amused you. When you do go, have a gratuity given to the author of the libretto, the score and the ballet, provided you are satisfied with these. My health is good. We are having St. Martini’s weather here—cold and sunny. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October 4th, 11 p. m. (1812). tt it TkTAPOLEON looks back with -L N ever greater longing to, the beautiful scenery of the He de France, the fine days at Fontainebleau, the warm days of a Paris autumn. And the burning of Moscow only appears to him as a fine panorama to be painted, as interesting as the opera of BaouxLormien’s “Jerusalem delivree;” set to music by Parsuis, the performance of which Marie Louise had attended on the previous 15th of September. Mon amie. I have just received your letter of September 18th. I am very sorry to hear you have been slightly indisposed, but I hope it will not have lasted and that I shall hear tomorrow that you are in good health. The weather here is very fine, as warm

$50,000. I have a son who is a government radio wizard. “We are firm believers in the NR A. Greatest thing since God was here on earth." a a a WHEN the President gave Alabama's veteran Rep. John McDuffie a life-job appointment on the Federal bench recently the fact received scant public notice. But there w ? as an interesting story behind the reward. In the historic special session of 1933. one of the major measures sponsored by the President was the economy bill that slashed hundreds of millions from government pay rolls and veterans’ allowances. Speaker Joe Byms, then majority floor leader, was asked to take charge of the measure in the House. But he demurred. The bill was political dynamite. And although, as Administration spokesman, it was Mr. Byrns’ job to handle it. he shied away. In this dilemma Mr. McDuffie came to the President's rescue. Taking his political life in his hands he accepted formal responsibility for the bill, did a masterful job in ramming it through the House. The President was deeply grateful and when a Federal judgeship became vacant in Mr. McDuffie's district he offered him the choice plum in appreciative remembrance of his loyal service "under fire.” a a a YOU will soon be hearing more about “Uncle Dan” Roper. He has taken steps to see that you do. Long distressed over the inconspicuous role he filled in the public eye, the ambitious little Secretary of Commerce finally decided to remedy the situation. So he employed Harry R. Daniel, one-time newspaper man and more recently high-pressure publicity wangler. to make the public Roper-conscious. Mr. Daniel has the title of “publicity co-ordina-tor.” But his real job is to publicize Mr. Roper. According to inside Commerce Department reports, it is to be a far-flung campaign, with the press, radio, movies and lecture platform rallied to the cause.

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1935

as in Paris. We have just had fine days like those at Fontainebleau, which has made me look back with regret to that journey on account of the pleasure of being wih you. Kiss my son, love me as I love you, il mio dolce amor. Tout a toi. NAP, Moscow, October 6th, 2 a. m. (1812). Ma bonne amie Louise, I have received your letter of the 19th. I am very glad you were pleased with the panorama of Antwerp. That of the burning of Moscow would be a very fine one to make. Why have you not attended the performance of Jerusalem at the Opera House? I am told that opera is very fine and will amuse you. I like to hear you go about. The weather here is very fine, as it is in Paris, it is like a fine day at Fontainebleau. Adieu, mon amie, kiss the little king three times for me and believe in the pleasure it would give me to see you again; .you know well that I have no happiness but with you. write to your father frequently, send him special couriers, advise him to reinforce Schwarzenberg’s Corps, so that it may be a credit to him. Adio, mio bene, tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October 6th (1812). Mo bonne Louise, I have just received your letter of the 20th. I am glad to hear your indisposition had no lasting effects, and that you are in good health. The weather here continues to be splendid, as it is in Paris, Beautiful sunshine and not cold, which does a great deal of good. Kiss the little king three times for me, be cheerful and contented. You are quite right to take many walks, it does you good. Adio, mio bene. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October Bth (1812). Ma bonne Louise, I have received your letter of Sept. 22. You had just heard of the battle of the Moscova, you will have heard since then of our arrival at Moscow. I deeply sympathize with all your feelings. You know well that I love you as dearly as it is possible to love, consequently all the praises lavished upon you by every one give me great pleasure. I hope the opera Jerusalem will have given you a moment’s enjoyment. You will tell me whether it is as good as they say it is. I am already grateful to your son for the good he does you and the comfort he is to you. I long as fervently

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark

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u l see j’ou &re about to be deceived by one who pretend* V? mtter&lAnH ypu.*

saries to the Czar to sue for peace. These overtures were answered only by an attack by the Russian forces which turned the French flank, and forced abandonment of Moscow. The evacuation, pictured in the illustration above, began.

as you do yourself for the time when I shall see you again and be able to tell you all that you know already, how much I love you. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, Oct. 9 (1812). Ma bien bonne Louise, I have just received your letter of Sept. 23, and am glad to hear you are well and have entirely recovered your health. All you tell me about my son makes me long to see him. Give him two kisses for me. I observe you people are rather hard to please in Paris, you would like to have the army order at once, a few days’ interval upsets you. I hope you will have received it the very next day and that you will tell me so in your next letter. I am glad to hear you are pleased, I shall be still more so at seeing you again. It would be very unfair of you, were you to doubt all my love, suppose my thoughts do not often turn to mio bene. Adieu, mon amie. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October 11th (1812). tt n n HERE, for once, a shade of uneasiness is discernible. The Czar’s reply did not come to hand, and Marie Louise was instructed to ask her father for Austrian reinforcements. So intense was his desire to see his wife that the idea began to take shape in Napoleon's mind of summoning her to Poland. Ma bonne Louise, My greatest pleasure is to read your letters, it is the first thing I do when the courier arrives. They are charming, as you are yourself, they picture your beautiful soul, and all your noble qualities are to he seen in them. My health is very good. We are having the first-snow, yet the weather is not cold, I do not think you can come from Vienna to Paris yet and the distance is very great for me to have you come to Poland. Kiss my son 3 times for me. Adio mio bene. Tout a toi. NAP. Moscow, October 14th. (1812) Napoleon says nothing of the Council of War which, after a night of anger and anxiety, he convoked on Oct. 3, it has however, been described by General de Segur. “Listen to the new plan I have just thought out,” he said. “You, Prince Piugene, read. We must burn what remains of Moscow and march by way of Twer on Petersburg, where Macdonald will join us. Murat and Davout will act as our rear-guard.”

The generals present ventured no comment, but their faces betrayed their vast surprise. Then Davout and Daru spoke of the shortage of supplies, the state of the weather, the desolate road they would have to follow. To the Due de Vicence and Caulaincourt.the Emperor suggested a journey to the Czar, for the purpose of opening negotiations. Caulaineourt insisted on the futility of any such attempt. “Alexander will never hear of negotiations until we have completely evacuated Russian territory.” “Very well, I will send Lauriston.” So Lauriston set out on Oct. sth with a letter from Napoleon to Alexander. “I want peace; I must have peace! I absolutely insist on it. Let it be honorable —that is all!” Such were his last instructions to his plenipotentiary. But Napoleon had reckoned without his host, without his enemy and without the Russian people. Far from making them eager for peace, the burning of Moscow, which they laid to the account of the French, had inspired the Russians with a passionate craving for revenge; thus, in the past, Nero had saddled the Christians with the odium of the Roman conflagration. The czar refused to pay the slightest heed to Napeoleon’s proposals; he even censured Prince Larionowitz for having an interview with the aid-de-camp, Gen. Lauriston. Moreover, Koutousof, while hoodwinking Lauriston with pacific suggestions, entreated the czar, in the name of the Russian Army, to have no truck with peace proposals. a a a THEN he began to maneuver for position; by flanking movements he circumvented Mu- ’ rat’s outposts and turned our positions. Having established himself in the rear of the Grande Armee, he was enabled to get supplies from the southern provinces, whence new recruits were constantly pouring in. Worse, he began to threaten our lines of communication. This it was that one of the Emperor’s letters, written at Moscow on Oct. 16, failed to reach its destination. This letter is one of the very few not found in the present collection. It was intercepted by the Cossacks, but fortunately told them nothing of the Emperor’s intentions: “My dear, I have received your letter of the 29th. All the agreeable things that people everywhere are saying about you give me much pleasure. I can see you have the gift of pleasing everybody, and that you are greatly loved at Paris. (Otherwise, indeed, they would have to be hard to please!) I hope the little King makes you very happy. If I am not able to come back to Paris this winter, I wil arrange for you to come and join me in Poland. Believe me, I am as eager to see you as you can be, and to tell you all the feelings you arouse in me. Goodbv, my dear one. Yours and only yours....” Next—The Retreat From Moscow. (Copyright, 1935, in France by Bibliotheque Nationals in all other countries by United Feature Syndicate. Inc. Reproduction either in whole or in part prohibited. All rights reserved.) PATIENT IS IMPROVING AFTER HEART SURGERY Underwent Revolutionary Operation , for Angina Pectoris. By United Press CLEVELAND, Feb. 27.—The unnamed patient at Lakeside Hospital, upon whom anew and revolutionary operation for angina pectoris was performed by Dr. Claude S. Beck, continued to improve today. The operation, first ever performed for the heart ailment, occurred two weeks ago. Since that time the patient has had no further attacks or heart pains of any kind, RUSSIAN REVOLT TOPIC Socialist Labor Party Leader to Give Address Here. Significance of the Russian revolution on the American working people will be the subject of an address which will be delivered at 7:45 tomorrow night at the Knights of Pythias Hall, 230 E. Ohio-st, by Verne L. Reynolds, New York, Socialist Labor party candidate for President in 1932.

Second Section

Entered ft* Second-Clas* Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.

Fair Enough IESItM PBilflt T>IT by bit, Mr J. P. Morgan is selling off his old possessions but the plight of the unfortunate, millionaires continues to arouse no sympathy in the stony hearts of their masters, the predatory poor, and there is no society for the improvement of the condition of the rich. First it was paintings that Mr. Morgan took down off the walls and sold away, perhaps with a parting tear in his eye and a pang in his heart. Now it is announced that some of the acreage of the old Long Island homestead is to go. The

house, itself, will be retained, at least for the time being and the happy thought occurs to your correspondent, if the worst should come, the place might by converted into a thriving roadhouse with, perhaps, a floor show or a nickel piano. Mr. John D. Rockefeller Jr. has been doing very well with a floor show in his combination case and dance hall in Rockefeller City, but then, of course, Mr. Rockefeller’s place is in the center of the night life and in a position to catch the free spenders. Furthermore, the police protection is ex-

cellent in the city. The objection to a ixiadhouse project in a lonely neighborhood is that an honest man generally has a hard time to keep out of the hands of the racket* which send men arouno to put slot machines and threaten the owner with bodily harm if he protests. Moreover, experience elsewhere has shown that more often than not the sheriff and the policemen, themselves, have a piece of the racket and help to plant the pineapples on premises whose owners refuse to listen to reason. It is a phase that calls for study, although Long Island officers, unlike those around Chicago, are highly respectable officers. a tt a Haggle Over Prices IF Mr. Morgan's place were not so remote from the main road it might have possibilities as a tourists’ rest, but as a general thing the man by the side of the highway has all the advantage in this field. The tourists, dashing by in a great rush to get their vacations over with, are disinclined to turn into leafy byways even though the route be plainly marked in attractive signs. They seem to feel that a house set back in the trees, invisible from the road, might have some reasons for hiding that way and a man can not be too careful where he puts up for the night with the wife and children. So even the sign, “J. P. Morgan, tourists accommodated, hooked rugs, clams, antiques and chow puppies,” might have less pulling power with the tourists than a rival house of much more modest character set within 20 feet of the concrete. This is a cruel, practical world and a man has got to give the public what it wants if he hopes to get by in the tourists accommodated business or anything else. It is a hard grind, anyway, accommodating tourists. They haggle over prices, they criticize the radio, they are always comparing the beds with those they sleep in at home, and if there are little children with them, they have to have their oatmeal a certain way. And before they go, they write their names on the bedroom walls, boasting that they have covered Montreal, Boston, Providence, New Haven and West Point in three days. Still, what is a millionaire to do these days, with the poor demanding a share of the wealth and the rich reduced to sharing their poverty instead? In New York, last week, Mr. Sherman Billingsley, the propriety of the Stork Club, introduced a complete new set of talent for his floor show with the announcement that every lady and gentleman in the cast was a bona fide social registerite. The booking agent assured him that they were social registerites and showed him their names in the social register to prove it. “They wouldn’t be working in a night club if they didn’t need the money,” the booking agent said. “Well they won’t be working in my night club if they don’t earn the money,” said Mr. Billingsley. “Tell them that.” a a m Shooting Grouse Expensive “-rjUT,” said the booking agent, “do you realize 15 that these people are taking a great chance in appearing in your night club? If the social register finds out about it, they will be tossed out of the social register.” “And that ain’t all,” Mr. Billingsley said. I am hiring these hands because they are social registerites. If they get tossed out of the social register they get tossed out of the Stork Club, too. Tell them that.” Moreover, common citizens gathered in the Stock Club to spend money of an evening were politely requested by Mr. Billingsley not to toss any throwmoney at his social register cast of singers and dancers. He didn’t want to spoil them, Mr. Billingsley said. It will be interesting to note next fall, whether Mr. Morgan, as usual, sails for Scotland to shoot the grouse, an old custom of his and very expensive, considering that he generally used his own boat to go where the grouse are. It seems a most extravagant method of paying off a grudge for probably, in a pinch, the same results could be achieved for a $lO bill by hiring somebody in Scotland to poison the grouse. Nobody has ever been able to learn why Mr. Morgan is so sore at the grouse. All anybody knows about it is that he would just as soon shoot them as look at them. (Copyright, 1935. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Your Health -BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

THE peculiar greenish yellow appearance you may notice on the skins of some persons is caused in most cases by jaundice, or a discoloration of the tissues of the body by bile. The scientific term for this condition Is icterus. It is derived from a Greek word referring to a certain kind of weasel whose eyes a :e yellow. The bile gets into the blood lrom the gallbladder or liver and is then deposited by the blood in the tissues. Ordinarily the bile passes from the gallbladder into the intestines and is passed out of the body. There are many different causes of jaundice. Anything which stops the bile passages will cause the bile to reabsorb into the blood. If too much blood is destroyed in the tissues of the body, too much bile pigment is let loose in the blood stream. a a a IF the liver cells are greatly damaged by inflammation or infection, the function of the liver is interfered with and bile gets into the blood. Some forms of jaundice, caused by changes in the functions of the body, interfere w’ith the usual working of the mechanism for taking care of blood that is destroyed and for developing bile. Then, too, there may be many different causes associated with blocking of the bile passages. It may be .caused by a gallstone, by an inflammation resulting from any one of a number of different infections, by tumors which press on the bile passages and by parasites of various kinds. a a a * THERE are also certain diseases of the body affecting the blood-forming organs, such as pernicious anemia and such infections as malaria and black water fever, which destroy blood so rapidly that jaundice results. Jaundice sometimes is seen after blood transfusion when the bloods are not properly mated. It is well known that certain poisons like chloroform, arsenic and phosphorus are particularly damaging to the liver. In cases of poisoning with such substances, jaundice not infrequently occurs.

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Westbrook Pegler