Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 248, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 February 1935 — Page 9

FEB. 25, 1935.

It Seem s to Me HEYWOOD BROUN COL WILLIAM A MITCHELL, a professor at the Uni’i'd State* Military Arademy. suggested at a dinner rerent!y the creation of a civilian West Point which should tearh "unquestlining patriotism “This college will graduate men who have been taught patriotism over and above all things else, the educator added. Thp fS# r>f famine further explained that the in ration he has in mind would be a college, “known throughout the United States as one of and

tor patriots and norivng but patriots.’’ "All students of this college who have anv ideas to the contrary, the Voltairean pioneer further insisted, "would not oe graduated, they would be Jischargeri - the teacher- vou id instruct the students how to debate and how to fight tor patriotism." This last obligation imposed npnn faculty ana ursdergradudoes arm, under the condi•on ;i onerous. How can there be any debate when all those with ideas to the contrary have fc<en excluded or dte-

'r\ (bra ACmfJ • *

lit % wood Broun

charged? It would b** a bold soul indeed who would undertake to -upporl the negative at dear old Light Brn tde Umversrv. H could but snap to attention and murmur to the waiting ax-man. "We who are about to debate v a*uie you mum /It's dot thr Answer* institution will be known as Light Brigade 1 University because of the college motto—" Ours Not to Reason Why. Ours But to Do and Die. - ’ But I mti t admit that the final oral examination for the degree of B. O -batchelor of obedience. you fooli might provide quite a bit of excitement down at old L. B ... “Private David Dumm can you prove to tne that the square on the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the ot.ier two sides?” ■No Colonel, we never took that up in any of our patrioti. m courses, but I can prove to you that ::ck 10 limeys, a dosen frogeaters and an equal number of wops any day in the week. - ’ "Very good. Private Dumm. you get 100 per cent on that. Now will vou please toll me the number of inhabitant <t the United States according to the last census?” • Well. I should say maybe there were 30 or 40 million people in the United States ‘Thirty or 40 million! Are you sure you’re correct. Private Dumm?” "You surprise me. colonel. I don’t have to be correct It’s niv country right or wrong.” "Fine, that’s 200 per cent. Now will you please take this book. It s Latin, T think, and translate for me. Omnia Gallia in tres partes divisa cst.’ 111 write it nut for you on this bit of paper. Come on. You can t do it? Well, I’m sorry. Hand it back to me.” a a a This Is Get line/ Morse “XTO. colonel, von taught me better than you IN know. You said to us. ‘Don’t give up the slip.’ ” But Private Dumm we can t stand here for hours white you try and stumble through a single Latin sentence.” "On the contrary, colonel. I purpose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer —Gen. U. S. Grant in a dispatch from Spottsylvania Courthouse, May 11. 1864” "But you have already given every indication Private Dumm that you ha:e iorgotten the meaning of all the words.” “Ah. vcs. but I ‘remember the Maine.’” "Good boy. I almost < bought I had you then. Well just one more question Private Dumm. Suppw you were holding a bunch of 100 grapes and I took away half and added four and subtracted three and divided by the cube root of nine what would you have remaining in your hands? “Fifty-four, forty or tight, colonel.” •‘Dumm. I’m proud of you. I have lived to see the perfect graouate of Light Brigade University. You haven’t a Single ’oval ktel m \our head. Or any other for that matter. I salute you and welcome you into the society of uneducated men.” iCopvricht. 19351

Your Health -BY I*ll. AIORRIS FISHBFIN-

you've over wondered why westerners are so 1 breezy and active and optimistic, science has the answer. It's the weather, the atmosphere in which they live. Recent research has shown that growth and bodily developments are greatly influenced by the atmosphere in which animals—and persons, too—live. For instance, continuous moist heat leads to development of lean, stringy types of animals, with low heat production. Such animals stand chilling poorly, they also are easily infected. The investigators found, however, that a few hours of cooling each day would overcome this condition and bring about definite changes in body functioning. Prolonged periods of heat and the constant stimulation of repeated storm changes keep persons in the northwest, for example, living on a high energy level and full of vitality and pep. On the other hai.d. such stimulating regions seem to produce a little earlier mental and physical breakdown than are met with in places where the climatic drive is less intense. * * * INVESTIGATIONS of relationship between weather and health have brought out some exceedingly interesting facts. Diabetes is less frequent and less troublesome in the south than in the north. This disease is especially associated with excessive drive. That form of breakdown of the adrenal glands called Addison's disease also is seen far more frequently in northern areas, where the drive is intense, than m the south. Os especial interest to many persons are the figures relative to distribution of rheumatic disease. I; is generally well known that persons with this type of disease find their greatest relief during the hot summer weather and suffer most during the late winter and early sprmg months, when weather changes are most sudden. mum A STUDY of the human body shows that Uie pains in the joints also are associated with a lessening of the blood supply and that sudden changes in temperature intensify this change in the circulation. In general, chronic rheumatic conditions attack persons in the latter half of life, which is particularly the time when all physical activities of the body tend to become more sluggish and inactive. Under such circumstances, persons need more protection against the rigors of our northern storm seasons, since their ability to adapt themselves to changes in the weather is greatly lessened. However, when persons make a change of climate anu begin to feci better, they must not take it that the condition is cured. A return to the climatic conditions under which they formerly lived is likely to bring about a return of the symptoms.

Questions and Answers

q Name the justices of the United States Supreme Court. A Chief Justice. Charles Evans Hughcr; Associate Justices. Willis Van Devanter. James Clark Mcßeynolds. Louis D Brandeis. George Sutherland. Pierce Butler. Harlan F Stone, Owen J. Roberts and Benjamin N. Cardozo. q—How many persons have committed suicide in tiie United States during the last five years? A — No statistics are yet available for 1934. but during the five previous years the numbers were: 1933, 19.993; 1932, 20.880; 1931, 20.030; 1030. 18.496; 19291 16,260.

The LOVE LETTERS of NAPOLEON to MARIE LOUISE

CHAPTER ELEVEN rv\ Sept. 5, the Emperor dictated the following bulletin of the Grand Army: “Deserters, prisoners, inhabitants, are all agreed in stating that the greatest disorder is rife in Moscow and in the Russian army which is divided in opinion and has suffered enormous i losses. Some of the generals have been superseded. General Barclay de Tolly is charged with having allowed his divisions to be l>eaten piecemeal.” This was a fact. A change was made in the high command. Napoleon was about to meet a foe worthy of his steel. Mon amie. I have just rereWed your letter of the 17th of August in which I see that the heat has started in Paris; it should last until the 15th of September. I am pleased with the news which you give me that the little King is quite recovered. Kiss him twice for me. Adieu mon amie, I think of you and it would give me much pleasure to see you again and to give you a loving kiss. Tout a toi. Nap. Ghtal (Ghjat?), the 2nd of September (1812 Ma bonne amie, I have just received your letter of the 18th of August. I am pleased to see that you are well and that you are satisfied with the little King. I am very glad that Denon’s plan of my campaigns amuses you. You find that I have run into much danger. I have now wi ged war for 19 years (Note 1) and I have given many battles and laid many sieges in Europe, (Note 2) in Asia, in Africa. I shall hasten to end this one in order to see you and to prove to you the sentiments with which you inspire me. Adieu, mon amie. Touta toi. Nap. Ghjat. the 2nd of September. Evening. (1812) Note 1—"16” corrected to “19.” Note 2—He had first written "F” for “France,” which he altered into "Europe.” Mnn amirs. I have just received your letter of the 19th. I am leaving tonight to advance in the direction of Moscow. We are in autumn here, we are having the same weather as when we moved to Montainebleau. The granaries are full, the earth is covered with vegetables; . consequently ..the troops are well, which is a great point. My affairs are going well. My health is good. I learn that yours is perfect, kiss the little king on both cheeks. Adieu, mio ben. Nap. Gut, the 3rd of September (1812) a a a ON Sept. 6 there came to headquarters a carriage with a big packing-case on the box. Baron de Bausset had his name taken in to the Emperor: “Sire, I bring you the portrait of the King of Rome.*’ “Have the case opened immediately,” ordered Napoleon. There then stood revealed a big canvas on which Gerard had recorded the features of “L’Aiglon.” Napoleon became lost in contemplation of the child, who was featured as playing cup-and-ball in his cradle, with the terrestrial globe as the ball and an imperial sceptre as the stick. He eventually had the portrait exposed and officers and men file past it. It was. indeed, the eve of a bloody battle. With an emotion he strove to master, the Emperor said: ’Take him away, it is full early for him to see a battlefield.” And he writes: Ala bonne amie, I am very tired.

-Hu DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

'll 7ASHINGTON, Feb. 25—The President seems to have worked out W anew strategy in sending legislation to Capitol Hill—at least, if the Treasury’s Federal Reserve banking reform bill sets a precedent. Hitherto, when important legislation was sent to Congress it was definitely tagged a New Deal bill and all the weight of the President's

prestige and approval was thrown behind it. But the new central bank bill is different. It was merely sent to the chairmen of the Senate and House banking committees with word from Roosevelt that it was the work of Treasury and Federal Reserve Board authorities. He referred all questions regarding the bill to them. Congressional cloakrooms therefore are buzzing with speculation as to whether this side-stepping of Administration responsibility means the White House is lukewarm; or whether Congress is now coming back into its own as an actual legislative body. A lot of members whose pride of authorship has been slighted in the past, feel that the latter should be the case. * a a RFC Chairman Jesse Jones is fond of festooning cartoons of himself on the walls of his office. One of them depicts FERA's Harry Hopkins, hat in hand, receiving a large denomination check from Jesse, who is saying: " Harry, you know how I feel about this.” A caller remarked to Jesse that he had told Hopkins about the cartoon, and the latter had exclaimed : "Why, the son of a gun.” Jesse laughed, observed: "I'm glad that's all he said.” Then, as an after-thought he added; "Say.-are you sure that's what he said?”

■ ci.SMw • 7 , J/P l in #

While on the march from Gut toward Moscow, on Sept. 6, 1812, Napoleon received from Marie Louise a portrait of their young son, the king of Rome—“L’Aiglon.” He propped up the painting on a chair and

Baussois has delivered the King’s portrait to me. It is a chef d’oeuvre. I much appreciate your kind thought. It is as beautiful as you. I shall write to you more fully tomorrow. Kiss my son. Adieu, mio ben. NAP. Borodino, the 6th of September (1812). At 2 a. m. on Sept. 7, standing on the heights of Borodino. Napoleon heartened his army with an inspiring order of the day. “Men, the battle you have desired so keenly is about to begin. Victory depends on you; it will insure us ample supplies, good quarters and a speedy homecoming. Acquit yourselves like the men you were at Austerlitz and Friedland. at Witesbsk and Smolensk, so your children’s children may say of each of you: ’He fought in the great battle under the walls of Moscow-.’ ” And it was, indeed, one of the bloodiest engagements of the Napoleonic saga. The Emperor had to face an expert tactician, Koutousof, the conqueror of the Turkes, on whom the Czar had imposed the task of saving the Russian empire. • The stately ceremonials of the orthodox church had invested the coming conflict with something of the glamour of a Holy War. Describing the various phases of this epoch-making battle, Jomini, an eminent strategist of the peri od, expressed the opinion that Napoleon failed to display the vigor of conception and execution that had served him at Austerlitz, Friedland and Jena, and he saw as the cause of this a disease from which the Emperor had suffered on several previous occasions. Jomini’s surmise is confirmed in the letter above. “I am very tired.” Napoleon wrote on the eve of the Battle of Moskowa. On the morrow’ of the battle, there left for France a bulletin recording victory, but in which the Emperor made no secret of the fact that his losses had been heavy—eight generals killed, nine wounded; but as against this, on Colonel Boutourlin’s own admission, more than 50,000 Russians were disabled. Ma bonne amie, I am writing to you on the battlefield of Borodino. 1 defeated the Russians yesterday, their whole army 120.000

SENATOR DANIEL O. HASTINGS had a few uncomfortable moments the other day during a hearing on the omnibus social security bill. The pudgy little Delawarean was sharply interrogating Senator Bob Wagner, author of the meas-. ure. Finally, the New Yorker turned on him. inquired: "Let's just get this straight for the record. Are you for old-age pensions?” Hastings was silent for a moment. "Would it make any difference in your answers if I said I wasn't?” he asked in reply. "No, it would not,” Wagner snapped back, "but we would be able to understand your question a great deal better.” a a a HARRY MOORE is homesick. New Jersey's former Governor. now her new Democratic Senator, finds that the classic halls of Congress are not what they are cracked up to be. "From a boy I have thought of the United States Senate in terms of the great Daniel Webster, august and eloquent, stirring the passions and the minds of men. But now I am a member of that distinguished body, and everything is different. When one member takes the floor, the others get up j and walk out. And I don't blame them!” But despite occasional disgust with the tanglefoot methods of j Congress. Moore has received two important committee assignments, and has won a lot of respect from Senate leaders. (Copyright, 1935. bv United Feature j Syndicate, Inc.j *

_ THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES .

men strong was there. The battle was warmly contested; by 2 o’clock in the afternoon the victory was ours, I made several thousand prisoners and captured 60 guns. Their loss may be estimated at 30,000 men. I had many killed and wounded. Caulincourt the governor of the pages, has been killed. I had given him the command of a division; I personally was not at all exposed. My health is good, the weather is somewhat cold. Nansouty has been slightly wounded. Adieu mio bene. Tout a toi. NAP, Borodino, the Bth of September (1812). an a THE road to Moscow lay open. Was Koutousof to provide the old capital with a rampart made of Russian breasts? Having called a council of war, he submitted to his generals the following points: “Should we aw’ait the enemy’s onslaught on the position held by the army, or should we evacuate the city without fighting?” Opinions were divided. “Is the preservation of the army more important for the salvation of the country than that of the capital?” The answer was unanimously in the affirmative. And Koutousof, falling back on Moscow by the three roads of Mojaisk, Svenigorod and Kalonga, merely passed through the city without stopping there, for fear of being shut up in it as in a tomb. The grand army was at his heels. Napoleon was advancing along the road to Mojaisk. It was from this small town, and from Tarchi, six leagues from Moscow, that he dated the bulletins sent to the empress to reassure her about his health. Mosaisk, the 9th of September (1912) Mon amie, 1 have received your letter of the 24th. The little king, from what you tell me, is very naughty, i received his portrait on the eve of the battle of the Moseova. 1 had it shown to the army; the whole army thought it admirable, it is a chef d’oeuvre. 1 feel very chilly through having got caught in the rain at 2 o’clock in the morning while visiting our out-posts, but I hope to be rid of this by tomorrow. Besides my health is very good; you can if you wish receive the Prince de Benevent and Kemuzat; there is no objection to it. You can also receive the Bishop of Nantes if he is in Paris. Adieu, mon amie. Tout a toi. NAP. Ala bonne amie, I have just received your letter of the 28th. I am grieved to see you sad, I hope that you will let me know tomorrow’ that you are feeling better. Your father has not received some

SIDE GLANCES

_____— <9 vm by m* select, me. t. h ng-. ru> wt or. **

“I'm reaHy reducing. I've lost three pounds on one scale and eigfht on another.”

let officers and men file past to admire it, and in order that “they who were about to die might salute it.” The imminence of battle, however, suddenly prompted the emperor to cry out: “Take him away; it is full early for him to see a battlefield!”

of your letters. Write to him by my cqurier, it seems that the posts are working badly in Germany. La Yalette to whom you should address your letter will send it on to him. Aly health is good, however. I have a slight cold, but it will soon be over. It is very cold here. NAP. Mosaisk. the 10th of Sept. (1812). Ala bonne amie, I have just received your letter of the 26th. You found the Trianon at its best, for it is the beautiful season of the year, it reminded me of the lovely time you and I spent there together last year; here the heat has ceased, it is cold. My health is good, but I have a slight cold which is coming to an end. My affairs are going well, kiss the little King twice for me. Write to your father by courier, I am told that he is worried at not receiving news from you. Adieu, mio ben. Tout a toi. NAP. The 11th (4th?) September (1812) Mon amie, I have received your letter of the 29th of August. The weather must now be good in Paris; here after a spell of cold weather, it has become milder. Aly cold is drawing to an end. I

I COVER THE WORLD a a a a a a By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Feb. 25.—Grave anxiety is felt here lest civil war engulf both Cuba and Mexico, and embroil the United States in the affairs of its neighbors. In Havana, more than 150.900 students and teachers in public schools, university, technical and commercial institutions are on strike, and committees are attempting to spread discord to the rest of the

island. The movement Is distinctly political. The strikers’ demands are practically the same as those of the other opponents of the government oi President Mendieta. They want sweeping goiternmental reforms. In Mexico, the clash between church and state is growing more bitter daily as religionists resist with increasing determination the government's efforts to curtail their independence of worship and education. Rebels are reported active in several parts of the country. Their leaders, protected by the populace as they move about the republic, predict that Mexico City will be in their hands by mid-summer. tt tt tt Meanwhile the charge is made in Washington that the United States is already involved in the domestic affairs of both Mexico and Cuba. American policy since the downfall of Dictator Diaz a quarter of a century ago, according to representatives

By George Clark

beg you to kiss the little King on my behalf. I am six leagues from Moscow. Adieu mio ben. Tout a toi. NAP. Tarchi (Larchi?) the 13th of September (1812). Alon amie. I have received your letter of the 31st, in which I read that you had received the letters from Smolensk. I have already written to you from Aloscow, which I reached on September 14th. The city is as large as Paris, there are 1609 steeples and more than a thousand fine palaces, the city is provided with everything. The nobility have left, the tradesmen have been compelled to leave as well, the common people have remained. Aly health is good, my cold has left me. The enemy is retreating towards Ivasan, as far as can be judged from Aloscow, this fine conquest is the result of the battle of the Moskowa. Tout a toi. NAP. September 16th (1812). Next —The Burning of Aloscow. (Copyright, 035. in France by Bibliotheque Nationale;’ in all other countries by United Feature Syndicate. Inc. Reproduction either : n whole or in part prohibited. All rights reserved.!

of the church here, has steadily led up to Mexico's present drive against religion. The United States, therefore, is said to be at least partly responsible, and hence to have a duty not only to investigate, but to protest against Mexico’s treatment of religionists. Following similar action in the House, Senator Millard Tydings (D„ Md.) has presented a resolution for the recall of Josephus Daniels, ambassador to Mexico. Part of the church-state controversy concerns education. Mexico has taken religious teaching from the schools and, it is alleged, substituted socialistic and even communistic teachings. The American ambassador last July expressed confidence in state education and his remarks were held to encourage Mexico in its stand against the church. The ambassador was stoutly defended in Congress as one of the gentlest of men, who could not possibly have meant to injure the cause of religion. a tt a THOUGH religion is not involved in the Cuban imbroglio, the situation, so far as the United States is concerned, is somewhat similar. American policy, many contend, is largely responsible. Washington, it is alleged, had a hand in the overthrow of Dictator Machado. Too hastily, it is said, it recognized De Cespedes, his successor, only to cause the downfall of President Grau San Martin, who followed De Cespedes, by not recognizing him at all. President Carlos Mendieta, now' in power, is widely hailed as one of the most honest chief executives Cuba ever had. Not being a Machado. nor even a politician, he finds his regime is in peril. Col. Fulgencio Batista, former sergeant, but now in command of the Cuban army by a coup d’etat, is, according to opponents of the government, the real boss of the island. And he, they add. is bossed by the American envoy. The eyes of Cuba and Mexico are on Washington. The eyes of Washington are on Mexico and Cuba. And the eyes of all Latin America are on all three while everybody wonders whether President Roosevelt can hold to his pledge of non-intervention in the affairs of Uncle Sam's neighbors. LOCAL STUDENT IS ON WESLEYAN HONOR ROLL H. S. Fauvre Among First Ten of University Freshmen. H. S. Fauvre. Indianapolis, is among the first 10 honor roll freshman students at Wesleyan University, according to an announcement today by Dean William G. Chanter. The 10 freshmen are in group 1, the highest in the scholastic scale.

Fair En ough wnmißt AT"OUR correspondent has been wondering what•l ever became of the smells, the official charters, the membership cards, passkeys and club titles which made up the speakeasies of the prohibition era. Tlie first one to which your correspondent belonged was housed in a little goat's nest of a room above a dairy lunch in a dirty building down behind the New York World when Park Row was still news-

paper row. It was called the Key Club because, in the beginning, every customer was supposed to carry his own key. There was no lolling exactly who was the proprietor because the Key Club seemed to have some connection with the political organization of the neighborhood and to be a political concession. Tlie man behind the bar was called Sport and he had a job as prohibition agent which enabled him to ride the trucks into the city from the landing point on Long Island, providing safe conduct past the police \ho, in those early and

confused days, sometimes thought it their'duty to assist the enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment. a ts tt They Passed Out Regularly SPORT had a badge and certain paper credentials which were very reassuring to the club members, indicating that the Key Club enjoyed an advantage over the other speakeasies which were sprouting shyly in the dark, like mushrooms, in other dirty little buildings in the neighborhood. The Key Club's merchandise was supposed to be right off the beats. The atmosphere was indescribably close. All the windows were sealed, the heat was supplied by a gas radiator, the free lunch consisted of euarred sausage simmering and spitting on a gas stive, and there might be as many as 30 customers in the room at one time, all smoking and breathing the air. Tlie story of the Key Club would parallel in some respects “Ten Nights in a Bar Room.” for there were some young reporters, inexperienced in liquor, among its early customers who became hopeless rum-pots in the Key Club and never came on to fulfill the bright promise of their youth. Rather strangely, there were frequent pass-outs among the customers of the Key Club. Men would draw blanks for no apparent reason and be stretched out across several chairs to come to at their leisure. This could not have been due to inexperience alone, for there were old-timers with little blue veins on their cheek bones among the victims. The atmosphere might have had something to do with it. But more likely the direct cause was the merchandise, for Sport soon lost his job in the prohibition foices, but refrained from mentioning the fact to the members lest they lose confidence. a a a Chicago Has Too Tough T ONG after Sport had disappeared and two other boys, brothers, had taken his place behind the bar a confidential employe explained one afternoon that, owing to storms at sea. raids on the trucks and distributing depots and other hazards, the Key Club’s merchandise was largely fabricated. There might be a supply of good goods for a few days but then a shortage would set in. So the distributors had hit upon a series of recipes. They made sherry, which was a trade leader of the Key Club, out of cooked alcohol, syrup and pepper. The Scotch was cooked alcohol and creosote. The creosote imparted the true smoky flavor. A man started a better speakeasy across the stieet and down the line a few doors with a really ornate circular bar. For some reason this became the special favorite of the printers and other mechanics of newspaper row, but it did not last long, which was a pity because it was roomier and generally more sanitary and pleasant than the Key Club. The proprietor had political trouble, however. and his place was kicked in, at ley used to say. Chicago nt’er had speakeasies comparable to those of New Yc-k because, for one reason at least, the leaders ot the industry could never agree on territorial rights. The constant trade war accompanied by shooting and bombing kept the customers in a nervous turmoil. It was an oversight of those people who collect odds and ends of things, such as postage stamps and locks of Congressmen’s hair, they did not bottle up and put away for posterity to marvel at a few whiffs of the smells which, more than anything else, distinguished the primitive prohibition speakeasy. There was an historic American smell which no artist can paint or writer write, and now it is gone forever. (Copyright. 1935. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.l

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

IMAGINE, if you can, a surgeon performing an operation dressed in a Prince Albert coat and the usual formal accessories, stopping in the midst of his task to sharpen his scalpel upon the sole of his shoe. The reader, familiar with the present day insistence upon antiseptic conditions in the operating room, will find the trick difficult. And yet, such unbelievable incidents took place within the memory of men now living. They are described by Dr. Robert T. Morris, famous American surgeon, in his autobiography, “Fifty Years a Surgeon,” just published by E P. Dutton & Cos. at $3.50. Dr. Morris received his college training at Cornell, subsequently entering the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York in 1880. It is not easy for us to grasp the picture of medicine in those days. They were times when. Dr. Morris tells us, a surgeon w'as more likely to wash his hands after an operation than before it, when you could “find 17 doctors who did not believe in microbes to one w r ho would have paid $6 for Otto Rahn’s book on ‘Physiology of Bacteria.’ ” a a tt WELL, medicine has come a long ways in 50 years and Dr. Morris was one of those who helped to blaze the trail. He tells the story in his fine autobiography with vigor and vividness. He writes clearly and colorfully. The book is bound to be of especial interest to the medical profession but every reader ought to find it fascinating. Dr. Morris has a gift for forceful and picturesque expression and he speaks his mind plainly on many subjects. Graduated from medical school. Dr. Morris became an interne at Bellevue Hospital, remaining two years. Then he decided to go to Europe to watch Lister, the discoverer of the methods of antiseptic surgery, at work. That was in 1884. “What was my surprise to find that he was still being assailed with asperity,” Dr. Morris writes. “His methods were by no means generally accepted by his British confreres.” tt tt tt SURGERY, Dr. Morris tells us, may be divided into four eras, the Heroic Era, the Anatomic Era, the Pathologic Era and the Physiologic Era. The third era, Dr. Morris says, began with the introduction of antiseptic methods and the use of anesthetics. It surpassed the first era in which surgeons operated with no guide except their own enthusiasm and the second, in which they at least had a working knowledge of anatomy. But it likewise had its difficulties. Made bold by the protection of antiseptics and the simplicity of operating under anesthetics, surgeons made two mistakes. Dr. Morris says. One was to try more daring operations than were justified. The other was to prolong the time of operations too much. Q —What are the beasts of Gevaudan? A—They were wolves that terrorized the inhabitants of Gevaudan, France, from 1764 to 1766. Many hunters tried to kill them, including Antoine, lieutenant of the hunters, but with little avail Finally they were killed with poisoned meats in the woods near the Abbey of Chazes in Auvergne. About 60 persons lost their fives from attacks and bites of these animals.

PAGE 9

Westbrook Pooler