Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 243, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 February 1935 — Page 13

It Seems to Me HEYWOOD BROUN WASHINGTON is looking for anew slogan and thinks that maybe It has been discovered. Any Admiru (ration which An get three or four months to the slogan Is doing pretty well. The newest one will be built around the assertion which Mr Moffett of FHA made to the President. He assured him that the depression was over", 'ijut the country doesn't know it yet.” I offer without charge, “Pinch yourself and see if you're prosperous.” But I don't want to stand behind any such advice. There are too many dressed in rags and other

fabrics which would come apart uni dor any pinching process. And there | are too many millions who will still I be unemployed no matter how hard ' they trv to convince themselves that the whole thing is a nightmare. Yet there are quarters where the pinching might be very effective in restoring a placid mind. Mark Sullivan. for instance, could easily assure himself that President Roosevelt isn't turning Socialist after all. Ogden Mills, "Spirit of 1776." and Disgruntled Patriot” need only start their circulation going in order to find out that none of the violently radical things which they feared the

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Hey wood Broun

Administration might do are in the picture any more In fact if I were an entrenched capitalist I'd leave a tall for 8 in the morning on the theory that once again the call has come for privilege to prance it as queen of the May. a a a Yon Can’t Stop the Wolves MONEY. I've been told. isn t everything and there may be something in what they say. Certainly the very rich have slight capacity for contentment. They always ask for more. Even when their cup runneth over they continue to complain. And seemingly there is sincerity in their wailing and gnashing of teeth. It is still possible to find industrialists who honestly believe that President Roosevelt is going to slap them around in one way or another. Viewing with alarm gets to be a habit. Big business is not content with the change in presidential practices. It also requires that even those precepts which have been worn transparent should be abandoned. There must be anew slogan. And it will have to be something about recovery. ‘■Readjustment” has been "withdrawn for revision.” which is the polite wav of saying that Cain's big white horses are stamping at the stage door. About the best which can be said is that it was quite a ride we had. The temperature was low and the snow upon th steppes hard-packed and white. Possibly that explains why some of the boys thought the New Deal sleigh was headed straight for Moscow. They forgot the wolves who always furnish way stations for the travelers. Fast went the sleigh, but still the wolves surrounded it and yipped in unison about the Constitution and Thomas Jefferson. Presently the driver threw them a liberal. But he *'as caviar to the pack and their howls redoubled. In the beginning the key men were tossed out one by 'me. It was hoped that Gen. Johnson might be tough enough to stay the hungry animals for a little, but he pioved no more than iunch spread for sandwiches. a a a It Was a Swell Ride ON came the w-olves and on and on. They wanted red meat, their appetite being whetted. For a time the experiment was tried of tossing out not men but New Deal planks and labor boards and codes. Had these been hewm of oak or ebony they might have proved a problem for the lupine molars. Things being as they w r ere the wolves soon shredded them into penny willow whistles. Nobody ever thought of giving the wolves a smart cut with the whip and still less of pumping lead into them. The beasts must be placated. This was to be a partnership. Indeed on several occasions the sleigh came to a halt while the driver called out, “Any old wolf who really wants to reform and will promise to be a good wolf and quit rapaciousness can come in the sle gh and ride with us.” Quite a number accepted the invitation. The driver seldom looked around and it may be that he £ really puzzled about the disappearance of the buffalo robe. Even some of the shivering passengers profess to think he was deceived. But so were they. Maybe it was the fault of the horse. He ran like mad and made a perfect circle. The sleigh drew up before a well-remembered door. ••Why,” said the driver, "we're bacs. where we started. But just the same the ride was bracing. We must try it again some day.” (Copyright. 1935)

Your Health -BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIK—-

POPULAR names for children run in cycles. One year many of the babies will be named Robert, the next year Richard, and then perhaps after a while John will come again into vogue. A recent investigator asserts that Mary is the most common name for girls, representing one in 24 of all women: Elizabeth runs a close second, with one in 27. then come Margarets and Helens, with one in 40. Among older women the percentage of Marys is much larger. Among women in college in 1927, Elizabeths were more frequent than Marys, then came Mary and Helen, tfter that Dorothy and Margaret, and in sixth place Marie. In seventh place was Katherine and after that Louise. Ruth and Eleanor. It is believed that the reason for changing popularity is purely psychological. It is suddenly observed that a family has too many Helens or Dorothys, so anew name is used. a a a PERSONS are guided by many influences in choosing names. After the war Jean was most popular. At the time when Florence Nightingale was much in the limelight, tne name of Florence almost led all the rest. As an example of the way in which names run in cycles. Ruth was the most common name chosen in 1900; it fell to ninth place in 1905. and rose to fifth place in 1910. It would be well if parents would remember, when naming girl babies, to avoid names that go out of style. These are fancy names. At the same time avoid the popular name, oecause one that is too popular takes away such distinction as may attach to a rather unusual name. It is also well to remember that certain names have come to be associated with occupations, such as Bridget for a cook, and Dinah for a colored cook. Flower names, like Pansy, Lily and Violet are rapidly passing out of style and also jewels, like Ruby and Opal. a a a PARENTS will also do well to consider what happens to the names when they are reduced to Initials. The Grays, for instance, should reconsider naming their boy Henry Oliver Gray. The study of boys' names reveals William and John as most common, representing one in 20; then follow James. George. Charles, Harold, Robert, Edward. Joseph and Arthur. Boys' names are less susceptible to changing styles than are those of girls. The first five on the list have been steadily in that position since 1885. • It is interesting to realize that the names Percy, Reginald and Algernon passed out of vogue with the British influence in the early part of the last century, probably because they came to be associated with certain rather undesirable mental characteristics. Questions and Answers Q —What is a sitar? A—An oriental guitar. Q—ls neon gas poisonous to humans? A—No. it is completely inert, and has practically the same physiological effect as hydrogen, which forms 80 per cent of the atmosphere. Q —How many loaves of bread can be made from a barrel of flour? A— Approximately 285. the number varying according to the formula of the hake:.

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It';:; NAPOLEON *£*

CHAPTER SIX The "Gtand Army” IN the afternoon of June 12, 1812, the Emperor arrived at Konigsberg, where the Governor was a man devoted to him, the Dutch Gen. Hogendrop. Here Napoleon remained for several days. In the interval between writing two letters to his wife, on June 14, he reviewed the Polish division under Gen. Grandjean. He makes no mention of his accommodation in his letters. Now at the Hotel de Paris, at which Castellane had put up, there was, according to the local costum, but one sheet in the beds, and as covering a featherbed which served indiscriminately for all travelers; it was ‘‘impossible to undress unless one slept in one's war bag.” Over the old Prussian city, with its famous university, brooded the memory, the ghost of Kant, who had died eight years previously. And as though he had derived his inspiration from the author of the theory

of transcendental idealism, which saw in ‘ Eternal Peace” the goal of the historical development of mankind, the short week put in at Ifcoenigsoerg was for Napoleon a week of kindness. Upon th“ Empress, whs rather archly taxed him With idleness, he lavished counsels of pity and generosity toward everybody, and above all toward tie widows of Austrian military men and crippled soldiers. He vas rejoiced to know she was lovei: Ma bonne et cheie amie, I have just received your letter of June Bth, in wh'ch you |o into particulars about what you do with yourself. That gives me great pleasure. I like to know how you spend the day and what you see. I shall be staying here tomorrow, you are mistaken in charging me with laziness, it seems to me I have sometimes written to you as much as twice a day. I am very grateful to your father for all he does to amuse you, he can do nothing that would please me better. I have none but good reports of the little King, I suppose you have news of him every day. I think of you very often, and though I work very hard, 1 should very often wish to see you. I hope to do so in a few months’ time. Give my kind regards to your friends, you do not mention them, remember me to them all, are you satisfied with them? Tout a toi. dolce mio. NP. Konigsberg, June 13, 7 p. m. (1812). Ma bonne et chere Louise, I have received your letter of the 11th, I am thankful to see your cold has left you, take great care of yourself. Has Jardin arrived at last, so that you may go riding and accompany your father without fatigue. I am sorry to hear the Empress is ill, she does not take sufficient care of herself, the soul wears out the body. I greatly appreciate the good feelings of your uncles and sisters, give my kind regards to Leopoldine. My health is perfect, I am leaving tonight for Vellau (Wehlau) where I shall hold some reviews. Be pleasant and kind to everybody, and especially very open-handed, give to all the ladics-in-waiting and Princesses and to all those who have served you. You may be god-mother to the child of your former lady-in-waiting and give her a handsom® present in money, I am very glad to hear that every one loves you and to see you enjoy their affection. Be careful to give to needy wives and widows of Austrian army mess, as well as to any broken soldiers who may be in want. Adio mio bene. Tout a toi. Pray

Th c DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen WASHINGTON, Feb. 19.—The rulers of the New York Stock Exchange are in for another pummeling, this time from Rep. Sam Rayburn, the man who pushed through the Stock Exchange Control Act. Causus belli is the obstructive tactics being used by Richard Whitney, Morgan-affiliated head of the New York Stock Exchange. He and his fellow officers have sought to prevent drastic reform of the election system. By so doing they can thwart most of the reform advocated by the Securities Exchange Commission.

In a recent report to Congress, it strongly recommended sweeping revision of the election system whereby the New Vork Exchange remains in control of the Whitney clique. Whereupon the clique rushed into print with a ballyhoo announcement of a plan for a voluntary reorganization. But when Rayburn and SEC experts examined this muchvaunted program they discovered that it proposed no fundamental changes. Aroused by this maneuver, Rayburn is preparing an attack, which will bare New York Exchange methods before Congress and call for the enactment of compulsory reform legislation if the Exchange doesn’t clean its own house. a a a DURING the weeks that their history-making decision on the gold cases was being awaited, members of the Supreme Court sometimes were subjected to goodnatured teasing regarding the momentous secret locked in their breasts. Visiting at the home of a friend one day, ruggedly-built Justice Harlan F. Stone was enthusiastic about his hostess’ egg-nog. “This is marvelous,” he :old her. “I've never tasted egg-nog so delicious.” The lady was flattered, explained that she prepared it from a "secret” formula of her own. “Can't I persuade you to let me in on the secret?” Stone asked. “I'll tell you what I’ll do,” she replied. I’ll tell you my secret if you tell me yours.” The gold secret and the egg-nog secret were both kept. a a a BEHIND Cordell Hull's crackdown on critics of his Brazilian reciprocity treaty was the fact that opponents of his tariff policy have been growing like weeds on Capitol Hill. HuH had to and immediately, or see his dream of low tariff trade shrivel into a grease spot. All the old log-rolling groups which once raised tariff rates to the monumental peak of the Smoot-Hawley Act are on the make again. uiinnyt Congressmen are howl-

The Indianapolis Times

do not forget to remember me to your father and to the Empress. N. Konigsberg, the 16th, 3 p. m. (June, 1812). aaa 'T'HE Grand Army was a Babel of races and languages, Jerome' Bonaparte, King of Westphalia, commanded an army made of Poles, Westphalians and Saxons; Schwarzenberg had Austrians under him; Oudinot, Due de Reggio, French, Swiss and Croat troops; a regiment of Corsican Tirailleurs, and Roman, Piedmontese and Florentine conscripts we r e brigaded with a Dutch regiment; Marshal Ney’s corps was made up ox two French and one Wurttemberg divisions. And Castellane,, who rubbed shoulders with all these troops thanks to the facilities afforded to an officer in the Emperor’s personal service, must doubtless have omitted some of them, for there was also a Portuguese contigent. At Wahlau, the Emperor reviewed the Cuirassier division. At Insterburg, on June 15, it was the turn of Oudinot’s corps, of two brigades of light cavalry, and Kleat’s Prussian brigade. The following day, at Gumbinnen, the Emperor held a review of the First Army Corps. And in the midst of these military cares, he writes to Marie Louise: Ma bonne Louise: A few lines only. Meneval has lain sick at Danzig for the last 6 days and is feverish. I am in very good health. I am all day long with the troops, reviewing and commanding them. lam leaving this afternoon for Gunbinen where I shall be in three hours’ time. Adieu, mon amie. I think of you, I have not heard from you today, or yesterday, but I hope to do so tomorrow. Tout a toi. Adio mio. Many kind regards to your family. Istenburg (Insterburg), the 18th, noon (June, 1812). Ma bonne amie, I receive your letter of the 13th. I am very sorry to hear your health is weak and that vou are grieving. I am very grateful indeed to your father for trying to amuse you, you do not refer to the rest of your uncles, do they not intend to come and see you? My health is very good. I am often in the saddle, it does me good. I am given favorable news of the King, he is growing, he has learned to walk and he is in good health. I am sorry to hear that what I hoped has not materialized; well, it must be put off till next autumn. 1 hope to hear from

ing about Hull's proposed treaty with Switzerland which might reduce the tariff on watches. Pennsylvania Congressmen are nervous about Hull’s treaty with Belgium which might lower tariffs on cement and glass. California Congressmen are worried about treaties with Italy and Spain which would lower rates on wines. Regarding wines, the Federal Alcohol Control Administration already has recommended that tariff rates are exorbitant, that the best thing that could happen to California growers is to reduce tariffs so that the American public could cultivate a taste for good wine. Regarding glass, the Tariff Commission, despite its tradiditional squeamishness against lowering rates, two years ago recommended a 50 per cent decrease on glass, said there was no threat from Belgium. Regarding cement, Secretary Ickes and Tennessee Valley officials rept itedly have charged the industry with operating a cabal to maintain exorbitant rates. Nevertheless, Secretary Hull’s fight is going to be both bitter and significant. It will be a battle of sectionalism. a a a CAPITOL tea tables are still chuckling over a sly dig by Eddie Cantor during the President’s birthday ball. The radio comedian was mas-ter-of-ceremonies at the Washington ball, and sat at a table near Mrs. Roosevelt. In the course of the evening Eddie explained to the large gathering how he came to be present."It's a great privilege to come to Washington," he said. “But I am terribly busy and when I was first asked to participate in this party I was reluctant about accepting. Then Mrs. Roosevelt joined in the request, and of course, I could not refuse her. "First, because I admire her so much, and secondly, because I couldn’t turn down a fellow artist. Wc radio stars must stick together.” (Copyright, 1935. by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.;

INDIANAPOLIS, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1935

‘‘Deliver pleasant assurances to the empress,” wrote Bonaparte to Marie Louise, on June 20, 1812. This conciliatory message was for Marie Louise’s stepmother, the young empress of Austria, Marie Louise Beatrice d’Este, formerly of one of the ruling families of Italy whom Napoleon had dethroned. Napoleon’s solicitude of the Austrian empress’ favor was frequent—and always futile, for she held grievances against him he could never dissipate. The fall of the d’Este family was one. Her stepdaughter’s great fortune was another. At Dresden, Napoleon went so far as to escort on foot the empress in her sedan chair. The aquarelle reproduced above, by F. De Myrbach, depicts the incident.

you tomorrow. Adieu, mon bien, be cheerful (and) satisfied for the sake of your health. Tout a toi. NP. Gumbinen, June 19th (1812). a a a NAPOLEON’S secretary, Baron Meneval, was one of the earliest friends of the Bonaparte family. He was destined to play the part of confidant in the matrimonial drama that marked the end of Napoleon’s career. ISabey, co whom the Emperor presently refers, was likewise an old-time friend* and the author of the portrait of Bonaparte at Malmaison, of the charming portraits of Marie Louise with a garland of roses and of the King of Rome in his cradle; he was also the painter of official ceremonies. The Empress had even taken him to give her lessons in drawing on condition the master did not touch up the drawings of the pupil. Isabey had just returned from Vienna, where he had painted the portraits of the Austrian imperial family. Ma bonne Louise, I have received your letter of June 14th, I am glad to hear you are well and that Jardin has arrived; riding will do you good. I am informed by people in Paris that Isabel has left for Prague. It will be all right for you to write a few lines to Meneval once, have your thanks conveyed to King Louis—you must never call him the King of Holland—for any messages he sends you, and tell him at the same time that he should return to France that in spite of all his faults I tan net forget that I brought him up like a son. My health is very good. Deliver pleasant assurances to the Empress from me and many compliments to your father whom I love for the care he bestows on you and the love he bears you. The weather irf rather hot today. I am lea' ing tomorrow to review an army corps, the day after tomor-

SIDE GLANCES

| ‘ ***** ® 10M rt KtA fcgftvtct, INC. TANARUS, M. WEC. U. k 9AT. Cf?.

“Look what we earned, daddy, by scooping off the neigh* * hors’ walks.”

row—the Austrian corps which arrived at Lublin on the 22nd. Adieu, ma t here Louise, I am very desirfcus of seeing you and I kiss your beautififl lips. Tout a toi. NAP. Gumbinen, the 20th, 5 p. m. (June, 1812). tt a a AN expression of filial love for the Emperor, kind regards to the Empress of Austria; observe the nuance “Papa Francois,” easy-going to the point of doing his own marketing, had been won over by his son-m-law and had signed the Treaty of Alliance of March 12. Marie Louise Beatrice d’Este, Marie Louise’s young step-mother, nursed all manner of grievances against Napoieon: the misfortunes of her family, dethroned in Italy; humiliation on the score of Austria’s defeats; humiliation caused by the munificence of Marie Louise, who could afford to give presents to her mother-in-law. Napoleon failed to win her over at Dresden by his genteel bearing, though this was carried so far as to escort the sedan-chair in which she was carried about. And with Metternichs connivance, the betrayal was secretly framed: the Czar was given the assurance that Austria’s auxiliary troops would no£ exceed the figure of 26,000 men. Napoleon’s letter thus lays down for his young wife a whole line of conduct She is not to exasperate the dethroned King of Holland. While Louis Bonaparte in a moment of anger had published a libel against his brother, Napoleon had treated him, in his youth, like a son. Meneval, who had known Louis in Paris, under the Directome, said of the future king that this friend of belleslettres was good and upright at heart, to the point of adopting for his motto: “Do your duty, come what may.”

By George Clark

THE next few letters of the Emperor’s are brimful of love and show a constant ■ desire to please his wife’s family. Nor was this anxiety devoid of an underlying political motive. The assistance of Austria against Russia was of vital interest to him. I am leaving ih an hour’s time, ma bonne Louise, (for Wilcoviki (Wilkowycski) to view some troops. (I have received) your letter of tbe 15th, in which you speak to n.e of the . . . (Tell) him that I have appointed his brother officer (in the) Legion of Honor. My health is very (good), you make no mention of your Uncle Rudolpf (?). Keep on writing to Prague. 1 ha\ - e no objection to conferring a decoration upon your uncle’s chamberlain. Let me have his name and country and tell me whether he intends to serve abroad. The king is in very good health, so I am informed. You know how I love you, I should so like to have you with me; it is a sweet habit I have acquired. I hope to revert to that habit in a few months’ time. Adieu, mon amie, be satisfied (and) good, and love one who loves you so well. NAP. Gumb’nen, June 21st (1812). (Note—Words omitted or suppled in brackets are missing from the original which is torn.) Ma bonne Louise, I am here, I am leaving in an hour’s time, the heat is excessive, we are in the dog days; my health is good. I shall receive a letter from you this afternoon. I do beg you to take care of yourself and to keep well, you know the interest I take in you, I hope to find you in good health three months since. The little king is in the very best of health, I am told. Let me know when you propose to leave, be sure you travel by night, for the dust (and) heat are very fatiguing and might affect your health, but if you travel at night, by easy stages, you wall bear the journey well. Adieu, ma bonne amie, sincere feelings of love. NAP. Wicowiski (Wilkowyczhi), June 22nd (18121. Tomorrow The Invasion of Russia. (Copyright, 1935. in France by Bibliotheque Nationale; in all other countries by United Feature Syndicate. Reproduction either in whole or in part prohibited. All rights reserved.) ‘UNIVERSITY IN EXILE’ LAUDED BY DIRECTOR New School Recorded as One of Most Remarkable Ventures. By United Press NEW YORK, Feb. 19.—The “University in Exile,” formed by eminent German professors expelled by Nazis, was recorded today as one of the most remarkable educational adventures of a generation. A report of the director of the new School for Social Research, which includes the German faculty, said there was no question of the educational success of the institution. Financial arrangements to insure its permanence have been started. The “university” has an enrollment of 140, including foreign students. Its faculty of 18 was chosen for “scholarly eminence, practical experience in administration and editorial experience.” Three professors have been members of the Reichstag; 10 have been editors of scientific journals, and others had wide administration experience. MEN’S CHURCH CLASS TO GIVE MINSTREL SHOW Fourth Annual Event to Be Staged at School 75. The Speedwav-Blvd M. E. Church Men’s Class will present its fourth annual minstrel at 8 Wednesday night at School 75. Albert Schwartz will be interlocutor and Chester Plank, Guy Loftus, Denver Craig and Virgil Hart will be the end men. T

Second Section

Entered a* Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, lod.

Fair Enough HMFIlft JAMES W. ALLRED, the new Governor of Texas, has struck a blow at American ambition in revoking the commissions of some 1600 special members of the Texas Rangers who were appointed by previous Governors. This reduces still further the number of honorary titles to which Americans may aspire. The titles of honorary police commissioner of New York and honorary chief of detectives of Chicago lapsed some years ago with the passing of the local dynasties which established them.

This is a fraility of titles. Even certain royal honors which were bestowed by mighty monarchs of the old world in times past are now considered to be null and void. As a consequence, several ladies who once were able to subscribe themselves as members of the Order of Chastity, second class, by appointment of a Near Eastern ruler, nowadays technically have no right to the modest ostentation of this title. There remain, of course, quite a few honors to be sought. Among them are the title of Kentucky colonel, chevalier of the Legion of Honor of France, honorary deputy

sheriff of Fairfield County. Connecticut, and honorary chief of the Biackfeet tribe of Indians. Still, none of these seems quite as satisfactory as the title of Special Texas Ranger. This distinction permitted the person so honored to shoot a friend now and again. In revoking the commission. Gcv. Allred, a practical statesman, reckoned that unaer the Texas code of chivalry and honor, the special authority to shoot a friend was superfluous. nun Kentucky Colonels Still Increasing THE ground is sufficiently covered by the existing provision that a man may shoot a friend if the man believes the friend was fixing to say “good morning” or “nice weather we are having” to his wife and thus violate the sanctity of his home. A Texan does not need a special commission in the Rangers to shoot a friend, turned snake in the grass, who is fixing to pass a polue time of the day to his wife. Asa Ranger, however, a defender of the purity of American womanhood enjoyed certain petty exemptions. His status obviated the vexatious routine of a court appearance to explain the circumstances. This is an exaction of the law which, in the case of a really active defender, seriously cut into a man's time. There has been no recent census of the Kentucky colonels, but your correspondent has an impression that up to the time of the incumbent Governor, Ruby Laffoon. the count was approximately 20,00n. Mr. Laffoon has added greatly to the strength of the corps. His appointees include Miss Mae West, Miss Shirley Temple and Paul Clapp Jr., age 8 months at the time of his appointment. Col. Clapp is the son cf a utilities magnate. One vear recently when the attendance at the Kentucky Derby was not promising, it was proposed to issue a Colonel's commission to every purchaser of a grandstand seat, a general's commission with each club house admission and a commission as Kentucky buck private to every one who crashed the gate. The output of little red ribbons of the Legion of Honor has diminished considerably since it was mutually decided by France that it would not be necessary to pay the American war debt, the United States alone dissenting. As long as the doubt existed, the French government was very liberal with the little red ribbon. non Blackfeet Membership Drops BEING by no means dumb, the French government was particularly lavish in the distribution of the little red ribbon among American journalists of various grades, who then sailed for New York full of hospitality and distinction to explain to their fellow citizens how very uncouth they were making themselves appear in the eyes of their sister Republic. Then came I’affaire Stavisky, in which a pawnshop failed to take down its shutters one day. This was a major financial disaster according to the French w-ay of thinking. The French government therefore abandoned the nonsense of the little red ribbon and. reached a mutual agreement, singlehanded, that there was no debt. The Blackfeet Indians lately have bestowed fewer of their chicken feathers to honorary chiefs but that is due to no stinginess of their part. The fact is that statesmen have been wary of chicken feather hats since President Calvin Coolidge had his picture taken wearing one of them and John (800-Boo) O’Brien, as mayor of New York, was induced into a rare Indian tribe by a Jewish Indian chief of the vaudeville stage. It was deemed incongruous that a man named O’Brien should be listed as an honorary chief of an Indian tribe of Israel. Your correspondent takes only the most modest pride in his status as an honorary depflty sheriff of Fairfield County, Conn. A state trooper stopped your correspondent on the road one day and when shown the honorary badge replied, “that entitles you to be fined the limit of the law.” (Copyright. 1935. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

American people use twice as much petroleum A as drinking water, according to Dr. M. R. Fenske, director of the petroleum refining laboratory of Pennsylvania State College. The daily production of crude oil in the United States, he adds, is sufficient in amount to cover all of Manhattan Island to a depth of one and a half feet. “The cracking unit of the Pan-American Oil Cos., Texas City, handled £25,000 barrels of crude oil during last December," he said, ‘ producing from it 515,000 barrels of gasoline and h;0,000 barrels of kerosene for the lamps of China. Prodigious as these figures appear, they represent enough gasoline to operate the automobiles in use in the United States for only 22 minutes.” Under these circumstances, the reader may be unprepared for Dr. Fenske's next statement. It is that nobody knows what petroleum is. Everybody, he says, has been so busy using petroleum, finding new uses for it, and improving its qualities for specific uses, that nobody has had time or inclination to tackle the fundamental question: What is petroleum? Dr. Fenske believes that the answer to that question will open up vast fields of new and unpredictable uses for petroleum. tt tt tt NOBODY foresaw, 100 years ago, that drugs, dyes. explosives and other valuable substances were to be manufactured from coal tar. When the world has a more fundamental knowledge of petroleum, Dr. Fenske believes, it will yield similar unforeseen products. The last five years, he says, have seen a change from the day when gasoline was “anything which would work in an automobile,” to the demand for “tailor-made” gasolines for high-speed compression motors. “Aviation needs very special qualities in its gasoline to give maximum power, reliability and safey,” he says. "The automotive industry wants still other features in its gasoline. The consumer wants cheapness. tt * a AN important program of petroleum research is being carried on at Pennsylvania State College, having been made possible by co-operation of the college and the Pennsylvania Grade Crude Oil Association. Dean Frank C. Whitmore explains. These researches will continue during 1935. Dr. Fenske is in charge of the combined rssearches. Dr. F. L. Carnahan is in direct charge of research financed by the associations appropriations. Dr. D. S. Cryder, professor of chemical engineering, serves as consultant for the petroleum researches. *

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Westbrook Pcgler