Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 208, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 January 1935 — Page 10

PAGE 10

The Indianapolis Times (A lC K* PPH-IHJ WA RD NEWSPAPER* R<Y TV SiOWASD President MICD PUWIU ' Editor £A KL D BAKER BaslOMa Mnirer Phonr Riley 5561 ,

"T A r Hi’ * l.iyht nnt the People Will find Thrir Own Way

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WEDNESDAY JANUARY 9. 1935

TRI ST LAWS WITH TP;ETH proposals of the NR A Consumers’ Advisorj Board to protect the people and the nations resources from business exploitation seem to have more merit than the old antitrust laws. A weakness in the attacks of Senators Borah and Nye and others on the alleged monopolistic tendencies of NRA codes is their seeming reliance upon the myth that monopolies did not exist before the NRA. Yet nearly cvpry one knows that 15 years before NRA, court interpretations pulled the teeth of antimonopoly laws. To go back to reliance upon the toothless gums of the old Sherman and Clayton acts would be to abandon the public interest. The consumers’ board candidly recognizes that certain industries are permanently beyoncf the reach of anti-trust laws,” and that "in those industries, monopolistic control is notoriously present; competition had passed away long before enactment of NIRA.” It proposes new and more vigorous methods of control—through codes that outlaw monopolistic price-fixing and are administered by authorities representing the public interest. It suggests taxing the monopolist’s profits, revoking his patents, removing the tariffs that protect his markets. It proposes that com etition be given a freer play in industries where it may still promote the public interest, that in such industries the codes merely guarantee collective bargaining. satisfactory labor standards to protect workers and satisfactor:* quality standards to protect consumers. It proposes that natural resource industries be placed in a separate category, that they be given a public utility talus and their profits regulated so that neither waste nor production control of resources will build up huge private fortunes. It is a program that has the virtue of realism. A PEACE PROP DETAILS of the Franco-Italian agreement are hazy and Retails count in such matters. If and when the texts of these pacts are published the public will have a better chance of judging their value. It Is not clear, for instance, whether the — two powers have come to a definite understanding on the dispute between Italy and Abyssinia which the latter has appealed to the League of Nations. Again, Foreign Minister Laval denies that he and Mussolini have agreed to legalize the present re-arming by Germany provided Hitler returns to the league and joints the new non-intervention pact. Despite these and other obscurities, however, it is clear that France and Italy have begun to work together. This is very important. For hostility between these two has been one of the major war dangers of Europe—hostility over naval competition, conflicting African colonial ambitions, and power in central Europe. According to the news reports inspired by French and Italian officials, the series of new pacts include the following; 1. Agreement to consult on all questions involving the European interest, including threats to the independence of Austria. 2. A non-intervention treaty, which Austria and the Little Entente nations are also expected to sign—and perhaps Germany. 3. Three African agreements in which France and Italy make certain territorial and commercial concessions to each other, with Italy receiving much the better part of the bargain. In general the play seems to have been for France to buy Italian support in Europe by granting Mussolini a fairly free hand for impel lalist expansion in Africa. Os course the ghost at the feast was none other than II Duce s imitator and former friend, Herr Hitler. The Nazi dictator, by trying to drive through Austria, has revived Italy's old fear of a Germany at her own border. So —for the moment at any rate—Hitler has forced France and Italy to come together against him. Unseemly and dangerous as all of this imperialist trading and balance of power diplomacy may appear to the international purist, who had hoped that the days of alliances and counter-alliances were past, the Franco-Italian agreements are at least a temporary prop for a precarious peace. PUBLIC DISCONTENT \roU can work up a healthy little nightmare lor yourself, if that sort of diversion interests you. by sitting down quietly and imagining what would happen if. by some freak of chance, all the wild and woolly bills pending iii Congress should become law. Supple, for instance, ihat the Townsend old-age pension plan, the 30-hour week bill, the greenback-bonus bill, and a measure providing for w.despread unemployment insurance financed by a stiff pay roll tax should be pissed and should be signed by the President or passed over his veto. s Simply to meditate on the resultant tingle in governmental and industrial finance is enough to make one start looking for the nearest cyclone cellar. Os course, there is no use in getting steamed up about it, because, while one of these measures may get through the hopper, there simply isn't a Chinaman s chance that they all wall. But the important thing is to think of what these various bills represent, and not of what their chances for becomin, law may be. Behind these measures -here is a great body of public sentiment which may be con- - fused, misguided, and somewhat thoughtless, but which nevertheless represents the making

of r great decision by the American people. This decision is, simply, that the difficult times of the last four years are altogether too difficult to be endured again. That is to say that the people generally do not intend to put up with a repetition of that era of declining pay rolls, declining living standards, declining bank accounts, and general, all-round hardship. They may have only the foggiest of notions how to prevent it, but they are determined to prevent It somehow; and the result is a demand for legislation which may be completely illogical, but which can not be defeated by mere argument. Unless Congress and the Administration can agree on some program which gives a fair promise of protecting the average man from the cruelties of hard times, the sentiment which supports these measures will continue to gather strength. That is the important thing to remember. There is very little real chance that our Government will adopt a law, for instance, paying S2OO a month to every American over 60 years of age. But unless the Government understands why such a law is demanded, and does something about it, we may find ourselves passing a much worse law than that a few years hence. THE TUG WELL MYTH "17'ERY little has been heard recently of * mild-mannered Dr. Rexford Guy Tugwell, who was subjected last winter to a farcical trial on charges of political heresy before the Senate confirmed his appointment as Undersecretary of Agriculture. The decline of the Tugwell myth was, of course, inevitable, for those who portrayed him as a “menace” and a “communist” did not know of what nor of whom they were talking. bis the people soon found out by reading a few of the former college professor’s speeches and magazine articles. These speeches and articles, with some new material, appear in book stores this week under the title, “The Battle for Democracy” (Columbia University Press). Here we find Dr. Tugwell indulging in such little quips of flee speech as: “The world was not made for bankers—a lesson they have had to be taught by legislation.” It is a mild, philosophical volume, much of it written ? id spoken during the months when the New' Deal was in ferment and he was its most publicized prorhet. Read together, these treatises on questions of the hour reveal a man who believes firmly in democracy and is bold enough to suggest that it be given a trial. What Dr. Tugwell thought of his notoriety as the big, bad wolf of the Roosevelt revolution is told in his report of a conversation with a friend following an especially bitter newspaper attack. Here are excerpts: “The die-hards always have to have a goat. Unfortunately, through no fault of my own, I’m it. The game is, of course, to pick us off one by one, and gradually work toward the center. I'm vulnerable because Americans don’t love pedagogues and I seem to be one. “I can’t make this Park Avenue, countryclub life seem right, along with slums and bread lines. This fellow you complain of (writer of the newspaper attack) represents slums, bread lines, ballyh<_o, speculation—all the elements in the last few decades that I can’t make fit into my picture of American institutions. I’m if centralization, for simplicity of life, with a recognition of the complexity of industrial and scientific civilization. It seems 10 me that electricity, vacuum tubes, Diesel engines and all these other things ought to make it possible for all of us to approximate that no-riches, no-poverty kind of life in W’hich I grew up.” In addition to “The Battle for Democracy,” the same publisher has brought out another book edited by Dr. Tugwell and Leon H. Keyserling, titled “Redirecting Education.” This is a scries of stimulating essays by teachers in Columbia College, who have been trying to co-ordinate social subjects into a comprehensive and related course on contemporary civilization. The idea is that education must be more than decorative, that it must be a preparation for and part of Twentieth Century life. Dr. Tugwell, in the opening chapter on Social Objectives in Education, admits that “social science is not very far advanced as yet.” TRUTH IN FICTION OSCAR WILDE, or somebody, once remarked that nature mimics art; by which, of course, he meant that whereas a writer of fiction may invent a happening which sounds utterly improbable and fantastic, if we wait long enough we shall see the happening duplicated in real life. In that sprightly comic strip, “Freckles,” there has recently been an episode in which someone cartridges into the coal tender of a railway train. The fireman subsequently shoveled some of these into the fire box along with the coal; they exploded, and a man was sHot. Did it sound somewhat improbable? Perhaps. But just the other day Baltimore police reported that a woman met her death in almost precisely the same way. In some manner, a loaded cartridge fell a wastebasket and was tossed into the furnace. When the woman went down to put coal on the fire, the cartridge went off and she was fatally shot. Once more, life duplicated the seemingly far-fetched invention of the artist. EXAMPLE FOR AMERICA THE French, they are a funny race, according to a ditty the A. E. F. used to warble .n its lighter moments. But in some fields these Frenchmen seem to have pretty sound ideas. For example: The French Ministry of Posts, Telegraphs and Telephones announced at the start of the year that hereafter no advertising will be includrd in any French radio broadcasts. This ruling was made after the ministry had received numerous protests from radio fans. The luckless American, resignedly Weary of soupy voices invading his living room to spout improbabilities about so-and-so's soap or whoozis’ face cream, may be pardoned for feeling that the French aren't so doggone funny as the A. E. F. sometimes supposed. The new 33-year-old president of the University of Rochester had better make himself known to the sophomores before they haae him as a freshman.

Liberal Viewpoint BY DR. HARRY ELMER BARNES

'T'HE vote on Jan. 13 to settle the future political affiliation of the Saar promises to be the main international event of the immediate future. Hence it may be very useful briefly to summarize the outstanding political and economic facts which lie back of the impending plebiscite. In the first place, where and what is the Saar? The territory and its importance have been very clearly described by Prof. Langsam: “This Rhenish territory, lying directly east of Lorraine and belonging partly to Prussia and partly to Bavaria, is one of the world’s greatest coal-producing sections. With an area of 723 square miles and a population of 713,000 (1922), it is an exceedingly valuable stretch of territory. In 1913 its coal output was over 17,000,000 tons—equal to 40 per cent of the entire French production. In that same year it also produced more than 2.000.000 tons of steel, as w’ell as large quantities of glass and pottery. The estimated coal reserves of the Saar Basin are 17,000.000.000 tons—more than those in all France and equal to more than a fifth of Germany’s pre-Vvar reserves.” The demand of France for the Saar Basin was based upon the allegation that the Germans had deliberately wrecked many of the coal mines in northern France during the World War. Clemenceau demanded that much of the Saar be ceded outright to France, but this was denied. Instead, a special committee of British, French and American experts was appointed! and it arranged the settlement which was later adopted by the Peace Conference. n u tt COMPLETE ownership of the invaluable coal mines was given to France. Moreover, France was conceded the right to establish schools for the children of the coal miners and to have the instruction given in French The government of the Saar was handed over to a Commission of the League of Nations This was to control all aspects of the government or the Saar until its ultimate disposition was decided upon. At the end of fifteen years the inhabitants of the Saar were to have the privilege of deciding whether they preferred to remain under the .control of the League, to go back to Germany or to go under French control. After the plebiscite the League of Nations must decide what the final sovereignty over the Saar region shall be, but the League is clearly to follow the wishes of the majority as expressed in the plebiscite. In case the decision is made to return the Saar to Germany, the latter must buy back the coal mines from France. Like most other League products following 1919 the Saar Commission was decidedly proFr .nch in its make-up and conduct. The chairman was M. Rault, a zealous French patriot. Two other members of the commission were strongly pro-French, one a Belgian and the other a Dane who had spent much of his life as a resident of Paris. The representative of the Saar on the commission, Herr Von Boch, resigned in disgufet in September, 1920, as a protest against the pro-French makeup and policies of the commission. His resignation had, however, little effect at the time. n tt tt THE period from 1920 to 1928 was marked by much discontent on the part of the inhabitants of the Saar. The wishes of the representatives of the Saar were usually ignored by members of the commission. Various subtle attempts were made to induce the German children to attend the newly established French schools. The treaty stipulated that a local police force should be created to maintain order, but instead of this a French army of between 5000 and 8000 men was sent to the Saar and kept there. Finally, in 1923, severely repressive measures were introduced by the commission against striking German miners. The condition became so tense that England was constrained to request an investigation by the Council of the League of Nations. While the investigation was obviously an attempt to whitewash the commission, very damaging evidence /gainst the latter was brought forth. Its membership was, accordingly, revised in 1923 and 1924. and in 1925 Rault resigned. In 1927 the French troops were withdraw!* and a small so-called “Railway Defense Force” was substituted to maintain order. All of these things served to produce better feelings in the Saar area, and in 1929 France expressed a willingness to discuss with Germany the future disposition of the Saar without waiting for the plebiscite. Negotiations were begun but they dropped through. Such are the essential facts lying back of the extremely important action of the present month. Those who wish to look into the matter more closely will find extremely satisfactory Dr. M. T. Florinsky’s recent book, “The Saar Struggle.” (Macmillan, $2.)

Capital Capers BY GEORGE ABELL

CONFUSION and hubbub reigned about Room 341, Senate Office Building. “Where is Senator Thomas?” demanded a messenger. “He’s moved to Room 326.” “But I was told Senator Thomas had just moved in here.” “He has.” In a word. Senator Thomas had moved out and Senator Thomas had moved in. Senator Elmer Thomas of Oklahoma, w'ho had been living in 341. moved to 326, and Senator Elbert D. Thomas of Utah moved into 341. What added to the confusion is the fact that both Senators have the same first initial. And Elmer is little different from Elbert, in spelling. Outwardly, no ore could mistake Senator Thomas for Senator Thomas. Or vice versa. tt u tt TJRESIDENT ROOSEVELT jubilantly greeted i correspondents who attended his opening 1933 press conference. “You all seem to have survived,” he remarked, beaming at the front row of reporters surrounding his desk. “Yes, Air. President,” said a spokesman for the group, “but yesterday morning we were afraid we Wouldn’t live.” tt tt tt MRS. ROOSEVELT has broken another precedent. She’s changed the date of the annual dinner lor the Vice President in order to assist the musical career of the wife of the White House Military Aid. Originally the dinner for Vice President and Mrs. Garner was to take place tomorrow. Then Mrs. Roosevelt learned chat on tomorrow evening Frances Nash (professional name of Mrs. Watson, wife of Col. Edwin M. Wrtson, Chief Military Aid at the White House) was expeqting to appear as soloist with the National Symphony Orchestra. Since the wife of the Military Aid automatically would be forced to attend an official dinner as important as the function, Mrs. Watson was in a dilemma. So. Mrs. Roosevelt changed the date for the Vice President's dinner to next Tuesday. Mrs. Watson is praised by connoisseurs as a person of considerable musical ability. She is widely known for her musical talent. She has reddish-blond hair, red fingernails, affects black Russian hats and yellow dresses. She has played all over the United States and in Europe, where, incidentally, she became a close friend of Dowager Queen Elizabeth, of Belgium w'hen her husband was stationed as Military Attache at the American Embassy in Brussels. a tt tt BLIND SENATOR GORE of Oklahoma is back at his desk for the congressional season in cheerful if conservative mood. “It takes courage today to be a conservative.” remarked Gore. “There's nothing brave now in being a liberal.” Senator Gore still reads (or to be literal, is read to) voluminously. In his office one may find many books about Thomas Jefferson. Gore thinks Jefferson’s policy was eminently right —that the government which governs least governs best.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

r P’L. /Zk IN /fncco I" 7 wholb J disapprove of what you say and will X XVX. defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns. Make your letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to 250 words or less.) tt tt tt BURDENS MUST BE THROWN OFF SOON By a Times Reader. I am a constant reader of The Times and like the Message Center. I am glad to see so many favoring old age pension. I thirk it is an ideal way to relieve the depression and believe the majority of people 0 'er 60 will spend the funds wisely. Mr. Cook says he is no hog. Neither is a pig, but it doesn’t take long for a pig to grow into a hog. He says the man who wanes S2OO a month is a hog all except the bristles. If he wants to fina them with bristles, he should go to some of the families of our country whose annual income is $1,000,000 and he would probably find them a little heavier among the . families who have’an annual income of $2,000,000 10 $5,000,000. I hope the yoke of bondage will be lifted from the masses in our country before they are forced to throw it off by force like they have in other countries. If not, who will be to blame? a tt., tt POLITICAL MACHINES TO SEEK PRIMARY REPEAL, CHARGE By R. I . Morean. After convening of the Legislature we shall expect to hear much noise about the Statehouse and hotel lobbies demanding repeal of the primary election law. This organized political chatter and palaver will swoop down on the Legislature under the guise and pious cloak of some sort of an economical or a non-partisan business men’s league. They will insist that they are there to prevail upon the members of that body to repeal the primary law in the interest of economy, party welfare and public safety. With an air and demeanor of dignified public spirited citizens and big taxpayers, crusading for a righteous cause, they will cite in support of their position the platform pledges of the two old parties and insist that public confidence must not be betrayed. Their choc-olate-coated arguments favoring repeal, although not new, will sound logical, and no doubt will be persuasive, but let no one be deceived by the move or the motive behind it. Instead of being an economical or a non-partisan movement, working in the interest of economy, or party or public welfare, as they would have you believe, it will be a coldblooded, selfish, bi-partisan politica. drive by the reactionary forces of the two old parties to persuade our law makers to disfranchise the voters of the state by denying them the sacred right to go to the polls in a primary and directly and preferentially express themselves on party candidates seeking nomination on their respective party tickets. The advocates of repeal will not be the progressives in either of the parties, nor will they be related in thought or action to the progressives, William J. Bryan, Theodore Roosevelt, Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Jackson or Thomas Jefferson. They will be the direct lineal political descendants of Alexander Hamilton It will be the same standpat crowd who have at all times since the death of their god-father, sit upon the dead limb of the tree of knowledge, politics end progress and hooted the same h<' ts at the onward march of civilisation which he Hamilton, hooted at Jefferson and the common people more than a hundred years age. For more than a quarter of a cea-

PICCOLO PETE!

Recommends Governmental Revision

By Charles R. Fitzpatrick. The modernization of our local government, in so far as this is possible without the necessity of amending our State Constitution, would result in greatly increased efficiency and enormous tax reductions To institute such a program we should abolish all, or practically all, township government, the county council, and the elective office of county assessor, Increase the term of the county commissioners to four years, abolish their salary, and elect them from the county at large, on a non-partisan ballot. The commissioners, who shall be the policy-determining body of the county, shall appoint, on the basis of merit only, without regard to previous residence, and for an indefinite term, a county manager and supervisor of offices. It may be advisable that the manager be selected from a list of names submitted by a qualification board, made up of the circuit judge of the judicial circuit in which the county is located, the county superintendent of schools, and two additional members, one to be appointed by these two and one to be selected by the county commissioners from without their number. The manager shall have administrative control over all elective county offices; shall inspect and supervise the work and examine the books and papers of every officer and department and advise the board monthly of their condition; shall have charge of all assessments, and the centralized purchase, storage and distribution of all supplies; shall prepare and administer an annual executive budget, and shall have power,

| tury that great leader, statesman : and progressive, Senator Beveridge. I stood guard in the state over this j law. Like a Stonewall Jackson, he | defied its enemies and their cunning ! attempts to repeal. More than once he was forced to buckle on his fighting saber and go forth with his burning eloquence to battle in its defense, but he always emerged from the affray with its provisions left inl tact. Now', that our great gladiator j is gone the people alone, without a leader, must marshal and fight to save this sacred law\ It is no argument in support of ; repeal to quote the party platform I in view of the fact that the rank I and file of neither party had any- ! thing to do with the drafting of ! them. Let those who are insisting on repeal and the disfranchisement of the voters of this state stop, look and listen before attempting to di- ! vest our discontented citizens of their right of suffrage. The public ! mind is no mood or temper to be insulted by politicians or politicai machines. a a a SHOVER APPOINTMENT IS LAUDED Bv Wilmot M. Smith. The newly-elected Mayor, John W. Kern, should be complimented in his appointment of C. E. Shover as street commissioner. Mr. Shover will, without fraction of doubt, benei fit the city of Indianapolis in his new position. 808 BALANCE 'NEEDED ON PURCHASING, PRODUCTION Bv A Reader. Regardless oi our sympathies regarding old-age pensions and unemployment insurance we must agree with A Times Reader. These two popular subjects are panaceas i and not cures for the depression. How are revenues to be raised for

with the approval of the county commissioners, to bring suit for the dismissal of any elective officer guilty of violating law or of misfeasance or malfeasance in office. For the purpose of administration the various county offices and functions shall be integrated into four or five departments, such as the departments of finance, public welfare, public works, records, and law enforcement. All employes in the various offices and departments, except the seven constitutional elective officers, shall be appointed by the manager or upon his authorization, and on the basis of merit only. The manager may also lay off, suspend or remove any employe. Neither the board nor any of its members shall direct or request the appointment or removal of any employe. Any violation of this restriction shall be a misdemeanor. Any member convicted of such interference shall forfeit his office. The commissioners shall be the only county officials nominated in the direct primary. The seven constitutional officers shall be nominated in convention, but their names shall appear on the ballot in the fall election without party or other designation. Under such a system the county schools shall be under the supervision and control of a superintendent of schools and a nonsalaried board of school control of five members, with overlapping terms of four years each, to be elected from the county at large, on a non-partisan ballot, at a special school election to be held at the schoolhouses in the spring of the year.

these panaceas? The most common Droposal for the old-age pension is the adoption of a 2 per cent sales tax. This tax would decrease the wage earners’ purchasing power by 2 per cent and place that amount in the hands of a pension recipient. This would not increase purchasing power. That is why the Townsend plan would fail to increase production as its sponsors promise. Under capitalism production can not be increased until purchasing power is increased. To increase purchasing power taxes must be levied upon unspent income and not upon that which is lying spent. Deny this if you can. For the unemployment insurance fund our so-called wise men are debating whether it should be paid for by the employe, the employer, or by both. The following statement can not be refuted. In the final analysis it will be paid for by the employe regardless of how it is collected. If it is collected from the employer by a pay roll tax, it will be figured into the cost of production, thereby raising prices. The employe would thus be the loser as his wages would remain the same. If it is collected from the employe it will still mean a decrease in purchasing power, and the capitalist profit system will still be out of balance. I challenge any one to

Daily Thought

To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honoifr and immortality, eternal life.—Romans ii, 7. FOR my part, I had rather be the first man among these fellows, than the second man in I\pme.— Julius Caesar.

.JAN. 9, 1935

prove how profits can be figured into the cost of any product and at the same time maintain a balance between purchasing power and production. a a tt CITY ASKED TO CLEAN Ur ALLEY By A Times Reader. I wonder if you would give me your aid in helping to clean up ar. alley in rear of S. Rural-st dwellings numbered 1320 and 1822? I have done my best in giving children baskets to put trash and cans in but it does no good. They empty all ashes and cans right in a heap in the alley and ash trucks pass here every Saturday morning. You can’t expect them to pick them up. I surely hope you can help me in this mess. You always help others to a great extent. Thank you.

So They Say

A civilization, to be permanent must be based primarily on agriculture or on some other culture in which the family is the economic unit.—Dr. O. E. Baker of the United States Department of Agriculture. No prospective integration of state and industry is expected to deliver us in the future from grave social disturbances.—Prof. William F. Ogburn of the University of Chicago. One intercepted pass is worth five passes knocked down.—Coach Bernie Bierman of Minnesota. With the scholarly attitude one is always seeking the truth, and any man in public life who is always seeking the truth is an asset. —Dr. W. G. Leutner, president of Western Reserve University. Don’t bother about the “mister,” just call me “Joe." There are no frills about me.—Speaker of the House Joseph W. Byrns. The development of industrial self-government has been lopsided. —Lewis L. Lorwin, economist. Even the crudest of the Russian tsars are entitled to rehabilitation in comparison with the Red tsars now ruling Russia in the name of Marx, Lenin and Stalin—Premier Benito Mussolini. You can’t have two bosses in time of war.—Coi. Charles T. Harris, director of War Planning Division, U. S. War Department.

MY FATHER

BY MORRIS KING I saw the earth thrown up around His damp and new-made grave out there, And knew I’d ne'er hear again the sound Os his voice, nor see his graying hair. His life-tired heart did always abound tn higher hopes for me than I dare f Dream of, though een my soul I bare. Few friends were there, that autumn day, Whp really knew his woes, or cared To sing with me a mourner's lay; An aching heart they all were spared, Who'd come tn watch the richest clay Be mourned and flow red and put to rest, Among those other dead and blest. •