Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 181, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 December 1934 — Page 6

PAGE 6

The Indianapolis Times (A ftCRIPP*.HOWARD NEWSPAPER) HOT W. HOWARD PrMtdtnt TALOOTT POWELL Editor EARL D. BAKER Boilne** Manager i’bon* Riley 51

Gir# Hyht nn<t lti P'npU Will Finn Tfirtr Own Way

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SATURDAY. DECEMBER . 1934. THE EUROPEAN CRISIS npHERE would be war in Europe today but * for the League of Nations, the Czechoslovakian foreign minister sold the league yesterday. Dr. Benes may or may not exaggerate the power of the league in the HungarianYugoalav dispute. But most observers think that Europe is still too close to war for comfort. Much will depend upon the skill and courage of Great Britain and France today at Geneva when they try to quiet the disputants. If only Hungary and Yugoslavia were involved, the task would be easier. But rallying to Yugoslavia’s support, in addition to her Little Entente allies, Czechoslovakia and Rumania, is the Balkan bloc of Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. While Italy supports Hungary’ and France supports Yugoslavia, Germany waits in the background. And there is the rub. France might take a firmer peace tone with Yugoslavia if Hitler were not trying to grab off a Yugoslavia alliance. The issues, as usual, are intricate with right and wrong on both sides. Both Hungary and Yugoslavia are ruled by dictatorships, which have dealt ruthlessly with minorities. The Croats, who obtained freedom from Hungary in .the war, have since been mistreated by their brother Serbs, who failed to grant them the promised equality in the new Yugoslavia kingdom. Whether or not they assassinated King Alexander, Croatian teronsts have lived freely and plotted in Hungary. Yugoslavia, while bringing charges against Hungary before the league, is driving thousands of innocent Hungarians from their homes in the Hungarian territory which Yugo- , slavia gained from the World War. More important than the surface issues is the deeper struggle for balance of power in Europe between the haves and the have-nots. Because of this every serious dispute between two small nations becomes a real threat of general European war. Tragic though this situation is, there is nothing the United States can do about it. If we meddle we shall get our fingers burned ana maybe worse. GUILTY a FEDERAL COURT jury in Pennsylvania yesterday found Fred C. Parkins guilty of 10 violations of wage provisions of the NR A code for the storage battery’ industry. Mr. Perkins admitted that he paid the employes in his small plant only 20 to 25 cents an hour. The code minimum is 40 cents. Mr. Perkins said he could not pay higher wages and remain in business. The Supreme Court eventually will decide whether Mr. Perkins' right to stay in the battery business is superior to the code rights of his business competitors and of labor. In a larger sense, it is a test of the Government’s power to enforce a protective mimimum wage in the national interest. This question is fundamental. In all parts of the country are manufacturers, large and small, who operate on a subsistence wage basis. Many can not survive if they pay higher wages. Others can pay higher wages, but will not. All sub6istence-wage plants are alike in one respect: they take business away from the living-wage plants, a form of competition which undermines wages and jobs and profits in all units of their respective industries. Because cut-throat competition threatened to wreck the industrial system, industries under NR A drew up new rules, one of which put a bottom on wages. When the Supreme Court comes to decide, we do not doubt that it will find this Constitutional.

SHRINKING COTTON Tj EMOVAL of all Bankhead Act restrictions on cotton growers producing two bales or less, promised by President Roosevelt, will simplify administration of the cotton program. It probably will not affect materially the troublesome surplus. By vigorous acreage curtailment and high loans, the Administration has arrested temporarily the paralyzing effect of the cotton curplus. But our cotton industry, which normally markets more than half of its crop abroad, must soon either recapture vanishing foreign markets or shrink to half its normal size. Foreign markets can not be recaptured so long as our cotton prices are kept artificially above the world level. Some form of export bounty to help American cotton compete in foreign markets has been suggested. But a bounty, alone, probably would not suffice, since other cotton-producing countries could play the same game. Normally our best coton customers are such countries as Great Britain. Germany. France. Italy and Japan, which are now turning to other sources or to substitutes. They could buy more of our cotton if they could sell us their goods. But this exchange is hampered by our tariffs. This brings us back to the need of speeding up trade treaty negotiations. It is not a aimple nor an easy solution, but it is the only alternative to finding other crops or other means of livelihood for millions of cotton farmers. JUST FORECLOSURES LITTLE sympathy will be wasted on those who lose their homes through foreclosure by the Home Owners Loan Corp. Leniency toward borrowers in actual distress la an announced policy of the corporation. wtnch was created to save Home owners from the despair of being turned into the street. But borrowers who are able to make

payments and do not do so should be dealt with strictly on a business basis. The 650.000 home owners fortunate enough to have HOLC loans are the debtors of a beneficent government, which refinanced their obligations on a long-term basis and at very low rate of Interest—terms gladly accepted by the mortgagors. Chairman Fahey properly has served foreclosure notice on deliberate defaulters. He could not do otherwise, in fairness to the 70 per cent of borrowers who are keeping faith and to the taxpayers who have guaranteed both the principal and interest of HOLC bonds.

NO WHEAT FACT FAILURE to reach an agreement at the Budapest conference does not mean that co-operation among the wheat-producing countries is no longer possible. A solution may come out of next year's conferences. It is not our fault that the 1933-34 export and acreage agreement went on the rocks. But it should be said that a drought and a short crop made our compliance easy, while a bumper crop practically compelled Argentina to increase her exports. Thanks to a flexible and intelligently administered farm program, the United States will be able next year to agree to any reasonable compact. And if no international agreement is reached, we can speedily adjust our production plans to cc pete for our share in the world markets. With the American wi.eat price pegged above the world price, it may be necessary to prepare for the possible wheat w’ar by arranging for an export bounty in some form. While we hope this will not be necessary, it is an alternative to be considered by Congress this winter. PENSIONS AND INSURANCE 'T'HE question has been raised whether the next Congress should provide old age security through Federal aid to old age pension states, or through a national contributory insurance system. The answer is simple. It should do both. Pensions for indigent aged have come to be the accepted American substitute for poorhouse relief. Pension laws have been enacted in 29 states. These states, however, need Federal help. Due to fiscal difficulties the pension systems are fully operative in only 18 of these 29 states. In the 11 others the aged poor are cared for under general poor relief. Pensions are pitifully inadequate in many states. Last year they averaged only $19.80 a month, and in some states were $7 monthly. Today some 700,000 Americans past 65 are on Federal relief. Only about 150,000 men and women past 65 are getting pensions. The Government should contribute to state pension funds, at least as generously as was proposed in the Dill-Connery bill. This aid would tend to bring non-pension states into a national system. Moreover, it would fix minimum rates and standards at a better level. But such aid to state pension systems based on the means or pauper test is inadequate. A national system of contributory old age insurance also should be started now. Unless an insurance system is provided, the cost of old age relief threatens to swamp taxpayers in a few years. Os the 6,500,000 Americans past 65 at least 2,000,000 are needy. Unless younger workers soon start contributing to a nationally administered insurance fund, the number will increase to a staggering burden. Such a security fund, based on earnings and not on a means test, could create a backlog against old age dependency, conserve the workers’ self-respect, and save billions of dollars in relief. Fortunately, America’s very neglect of her workers’ security now gives her an opportunity to profit by other nations’ experiences. All of the important industrial countries have old age insurance systems. Only a few of the nonindustrial ones have the single pension system. We shall find it necessary, as have both England and France, to retain the pension system and to aid the insurance system. The two systems are not conflicting. They are supplemental.

FOR PENAL PROGRESS r T''HE prison labor report of a special NRA committee opens the way for solution of a difficult and controversial problem. The committee—Judge Joseph N. Ulman of Baltimore, W. Jett Lauck and Frank Tannenbaum—urges a plan that would conserve the benefits of prison labor without menacing or destroying industries that employ free workers. The plan is for the Relief Administration to buy up prison-made garments at a declining volume over two years, for distribution to the destitute. This would remove from market competition a flood of cotton garments, especially some 22 million work shirts now poured annually into free markets from prison mills. Then, for a permanent reorganization of the factories in state prisons, it is urged that the Public Works Administration set aside $50,000.000 to transform these institutions into manufactories of diversified products that the state governments can consume without putting any of them on the open market. An added advantage would be adequate vocational training for prisoners. Here is the best answer we have seen to both the emergency and continuing problems of prison labor. America can not afford to support 100.000 prisoners in idleness. Neither can it permit prison labor to compete with that of free men. MISSING YOUTH S JOYS IF we can believe all we are told, we seem to -*■ have anew infant prodigy in our midst—that 7-vear-old New York lad who has been found by psychologists to be a boy in a million because of his exceptional brain development. This child has an intelligence quotient of 196—a bare nine points below the mark set by the great Einstein himself. He can discuss astronomy intelligently, his father hesitates to talk politics with him because the youngster usually gets so far ahead of him, and he uses four-bit words in the most casual conversation. Nature apparently has performed another of her freakish stunts here: and while it is fascinating to speculate on the things that such a precocious child might accomplish, if he could be shown how to make the best use of his powers, ones chief emotion on reading the story is a feeling of pity for the youngster. For no matter what the possession of such, an abnormally developed brain may augur for the future, the on* immediate probability is

that this prodigy, like most others of his kind, will have a fairly thin kind of childhood. One of the nicest things about being a child is the fact that you don't know very much and can't understand very much. You move in an incomprehensive world, in which the strangest things happen for no reason that you can discover; but it is a world of wonder, even if it occasionally Is a bit terrifying, and since you have no particular mental responsibility you can devote yourself to the joy of simply being alive in a way that is never afterward quite possible. Children, in other words, is an enchanted sort of time. There are a great many things to learn and a great many things to understand; and the contemplation of them brings the dreaming of dreams and the seeing of visions, so that the world takes on a light that it will never hold again. Now a youngster who has almost an Einsteinian intellect at the age of 7 is going, to miss all of that. Ahead of his time, he is going to be plumped up against the perplexities and riddles of adult life, which range all the way from worry over the political situation to a solemn contemplation of those profound mysteries which can never be solved this side of the grave. When life does that to a child, it cheats him. This lad may go on to do great things when he is grown; meanwhile, he is apt to be robbed of his normal childhood. OVER-RATED ‘MENACE’ FULLY 1,500,000 Communists and active sympathizers with Communism are working now to overthrow the American government and the American social and economic system, according to a warning issued by E. R. West, president of the United States Junior Chamber of Commerce. Since it took only about 150,000 such revolutionists to accomplish the overthrow of the Kerensky government in 1918, Mr. West feels that this represents a pretty alarming menace to American institutions. It is a little hard to share his fear, for two reasons. First, it is pretty clear that this estimate of Communist strength is greatly exaggerated. Second, the 150,000 Reds w T ho upset Kerensky had a different medium in which to operate than American revolutionists have. They lived in a society which had proved its own bankruptcy beyond dispute, and the overwhelming majority of Russians were so desperate that they preferred to try the wildest experiment rather than remain as they were. That isn’t even remotely true in America today; until it is, the Communist “menace” cap’t be very alarming, 1 9 POORHOUSES MAY GO can get a notion of what a Federal old-age pension law might accomplish by looking at the program drawn up by Ohio authorities, v- l 'o are administering anew state old-age pension law. Just now they are classifying all occupants of poorhouses, to see how many of them are eligible for such pensions. Before long, thousands of these pitiful old paupers will be out of the poorhouses, living self-respecting lives in their own communities. Eventually, the authorities believe, the poorhouses can be largely abolished. Such a program has two great advantages. It is infinitely kinder to the aged themselves—and it is cheaper for the community as a whole. To embody the old-age pension plan in Federal law w’ould be to take a vast step forward.

Capital Capers - BY GEORGE ABELL URBANE, courteous Dr. Sao-Ke Alfred Sze, the Chinese Minister, entertained at luncheon in honor of Sir Frederick Maze, inspector general of Maritime Customs for Great Britain in China. Ox-tail soup replaced the traditional birds’ nest soup habitually served by Chinese envoys—possibly as a concession by Sze to Occidental appetites. In fact, the entire meal proved unexotic. Silver forks did service for chop sticks. There were no eggs foo young, no chop suey (which, incidentally, is rarely served in China). Breast of chicken Maryland appeared in lieu of chicken chow mein. Sir Frederick (what an excellent appetite most Britishers have) did full justice to each course. His mouth was full of economics—and roast chicken. Minister Michael Mac White of the Irish Free State discoursed on commerce with Secretary Roper, between persistent nibbles of celery. A Woodrow Wilson touch was lent to the luncheon by Dr. Francis Sayre, son-in-law of the late President, who looks so much like Wilson that he might be mistaken for his double. Twinkling eye-glasses of Dr. Sze. Twinkling smiles of Messrs. Young Kwai and Wei-Shiu Lao of the Chinese staff. Twinkling repartee from Envoy Michael. Twinkling eyes of Sir Ronald Lindsay, the British Ambassador, peeping over a crystal glass. Twinkling grins from economists and Eastern expert of the State Department. Altogether, a meal replete with twinklings and sparklings was the Chinese-Ocidental luncheon of Minister Sao-Ke Alfred Sze. a a tt DEMOCRATIC senators mumbled and grumbled on Capitol Hill about the publicity accorded young Senator-Elect Rush Holt of West Virginia. The 29-year-old oratof aroused Democratic wrath when he made an address before the National Women’s Democratic Club and was featured by newspapers. His picture and that of Miss Jane Holt, his sister (who is to be his hostess), appeared on many pages. "Wind-machine!” snorted one Senator. A second predicted speedy lack of interest in Holt. Legislators appeared worried that in all their years of service they had never achieved such headlines. THE muse of poetry appeared at dinner in the Shoreham. Not in the flesh, but spiritually, when Don Pedro Rivero, Venezuelan poet and diplomat recited his own verses during the fish course. Poet Pedro entertained at dinner for Joao de Deus Ramos secretary of the Portuguese Legation himself the descendant of a great poet, Joao De Deus. Waiters hearkened attentively as the liquid verses of Poet Pedro fell upon their ears. Pedro is well known to the Shoreham staff. "That guy,” remarked one servitor, gazing at the fish plates, “could write poetry about a shark.” The shark would relish Poet Pedor. a a a REPORTS are about town that Don Roberto Despradel, Minister of the Dominican Republic. is being recalled by President-Dictator Trujillo to become Minister of Finance. Roberto is an expert on finance. But his knowledge of American currency was somewhat limited when he arrived here. At a party which he gave at a country club outside the capital, astute Finance Expert Despradel was reputed to have paid a truck driver sls to transport the bass drum. He was enormously tickled at the good bargain he had made.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TDIES

—‘BUT WHICH WAY IS HE COMING?’

8- ■ & —?isSlE' :: P ~ ~ ■ -

The Message Center

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these oolumns. Make your letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to £SO words or less.) nan STREET CAR EXTENSION ASKED ON EAST SIDE By H. S. Osgood. Your valuable paper formerly maintained an important feature that might have been and probably w r as overworked at times. It was known as Mr. Fixit. Nevertheless Mr. Fixit should be invoked when public convenience and municipal welfare are involved. The extension of certain lines of Indianapolis Railways service is not meeting the demand of the city’s growth, although the bus system at an advanced passenger rate is supposed to offset the trolley, notwithstanding the known advantage of the rail system. It would be very desirable for citizens in that portion of Irvington north of Pleasant Run between E. Washington and E. Tenth-sts if the street car company would change its terminal on its E. Michigan-st line from the present end of the line of E. Michigan-st and N. Emer-son-av to Pleasant Run-blvd and N. Arlington-av, 12 or 14 squares farther east. Such an extension would stimulate the building of homes on all the intervening streets and would attract hundreds of families desiring suburban homes in the newer portions of this city, especially in an area so attractive as to invite permanent residence fofl thousands of people desirous of locations entirely separate from any possible contact with manufacturing interests, smoke nuisance of inferior residential conditions. Your valuable paper should encourage this improvement at an early date as a real move in the right direction to encourage better times. nan COMPETITION IN BUSINESS CAN NOT BE FAIR By a Socialist. I notice in The Times Dec. 3, O. L. Davison asks for “fair competition” in the trucking business. What I j want to know is how can competii tion ever be fair? Os course there is such a thing as “fair competition”—on the football field, where the ground is measured, the opponents equally watched, the umpire impartial and the rules specified. nun ORGANIZED POLICE FORCES SOLUTION TO CRIME WAVE Bv L. N. The plan for a centralized police force that is being advocated in Indiana was urged for Massachusetts a year or so ago. As I recall, the opposition of the local forces was so great that the plan failed. The only reason for its failure was that the local police were afraid to be shorn of their power, and of other advantages that are held by the police in that state. Sometimes it is very profitable to be a policeman. If the people are to be protected fully from the forces of organized crime, there should be no expense too large. With a centralized police force, a criminal immediately would be caught in a state-wide net instead of being pursued by inefficient and badly co-ordinated local men. With the greatly needed teletype machines and increase of radio cars, the State Police could act as one unit, and give to the towns more protection than any local force could give. The greatest deterrent to criminals is not the number of policemen on hand in a town, but the probabilty of their being traced and punished. If the American Colonies had a national army at the start of the Revolution instead of small bands of unorganized men, historians agree

Believes Insull Fairly Tried

By a Reader. Although I was as disappointed as any one at the acquittal of Samuel Insull, I think that his trial was as fair as it could be. Naturally, a wealthy man can pay a publicity agent to build up a legend about him and a lawyer to ease him out of jail. He has advantages in court that are denied to poor. But he is tried in accordance with laws that are laid down for every one, and if it can not be proved that he broke those laws, he goes free. Although it set a precedent to acquit Insull, it is better that he go free on the slightest shred of innocence than go to jail on the slightest one of guilt. We can not blama the judge or the jury. What we can blame in all such trials is a legal system that permits unequal power to the rich and to the poor defendants. * If Insull had a lawyer selected by the court the way so many poor men have, if the jury had not

that the war would have been over in less than a year. The Federal Government has done mon to track down criminals in the last year than ever was done before. Organization is the only means by which we can end the war against crime. It is time to cease bickering about the rights of the municipalities and even of the states, and to act together for a common cause. No one would object to surrendering a few of his rights in order to protect his home against theft. No one should protest against giving the state the right to protect him more ably than his village can. “EQUAL RIGHTS FOR ALL,” IS PLEA By A Times Reader. In my opinion, the unemployment insurance or other relief programs won’t prevent starvation until the right program is adopted. We were made to share the fruits of earth. The laborer and farmer are our benefactors with God, by co-operating with God and making possible the fruits. But the world treats them poorly. The wealth of any nation should be distributed to all in the right way. This can’t be done unless we all realize the situation and fight for the Chambers of Commerce to change their philosophy. And for rights of representation in Congress, with human rights above property rights. The capitalists and the manufacturers have caused the suffering and put the poor on the level of beasts. It is high time for the laborer to be given what he has been denied. We must make possible a more abundant life for all. We demand that humans fight for humans’ rights, a a a HOLDS RELIEF COST CURTAILS AID By W. G. T. Please accept this letter to voice a little sentiment or perhaps a grudge, whatever the term %nay be. I read a recent letter by Leo Smith, on which I wish to comment. I presume he holds down some position with the township trustee. May I also recall a recent statement of the Governor about “ramming it down our throats,” which undoubtedly has been done, and we. the unfortunate, "made to like it,” in respect to our relief situation, which greatly needs reform, as the overhead is more than the actual relief. According to information, why should any one seeking relief be downtrodden by investigators demanding and requesting automobile licenses and also insurance policies so as to receive the meager relief offered by our technically known Governor’s Unemployment Relief Commission. Why should any one be snbjecied

[l wholly disapprove of what you say and will l defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire. J

been influenced by the legend that was built up around him. we might have seen him sentenced. Shortly after he was acquitted, a young man in Indianapolis was sentenced to 10 to 25 years for the theft of $25. If there is ever a time when all men should stand equal, it is before a court. And the only way to give them all the same opportunity is for them to have lawyers as nearly equal as can be found. The best lawyers should not be reserved for the wealthy men, and the worst ones for the poor. I think that lawyers should be paid by the state, and appointed to a case without any choice of the defendant. In such a manner, all trials would have the same impartiality. And there is something vastly absurd in a man having to pay money to prove that he is innocent of an accusation. Let the guilty pay the expense of trials, but let the innocent go free of expense.

to such discrimination? Were not our trustees elected by the people, not by the Governor? * tt tt ANOTHER SHUFFLE IN NEW DEAL DESIRED By a Times Reader. I beg the privilege of a little space in your excellent paper to speak a little of my mind. Why is it that some persons on relief work get all the breaks? I know some who get four and five days’ work a week and also get supplies, food, blankets, mattresses and clothing, with only four, five and six in families, while there are quite a number of six, seven and eight who don’t get any of those extras. Why is it? .It seems this New Deal is a raw deal for some. Come on, you fellows at the head of this relief administration, shuffle the cards again and give a chance to cut them and turn this raw deal into a square deal, regardless of race, creed, color or politics. a tt n PRESENTS PICTURE OF EC’ONMIC STATE By a Times Reader. The national medicine show has sold the country such packages as tariffs, gold revaluation, beer barrel employment, subsidy faxes on farm products, Government loans to bolster bad investments and petrified debt, public work financing based on hand labor instead of machine, rebuilding of forests devastated by private initiative, price fixing above the consumers’ buying power, reduction of production far below the needs of a normal consumption level, public borrowing to pay interest on public debt, abolition of restraint on price-fixing agreements, rising cost of disribution of goods, and feeding empty stomachs on confidence ballyhoo. All this was done to detract from the work of the confidence men who built up a constantly rising overhead on distribution, which has contracted producer-consumers’ buying power to disastrously low levels. Markup in distribution has risen from 36 per cent in 1850, to 84 per cent in 1930 and NRA has added to this, so we have now a constantly rising relief line. We are buying with a 16-cent dollar as consumers, while distribution takes 84 cents of the dollar of production. These costs of distribution are based on credit consumption: uncollectable export balances, excess capital goods, mountain ranges of skyscrapers, staggering mortgage debt, bonds both public and private, inflated capitalization and obsolete equipment on which earnings are deimnd-’d. ""he a‘t-rr-‘ .-Nr*.-*? bock values is kF 2 off c *>n

_DEC. 8, 1934

and will continue to do so until the capital debt structure will fall of its own weight from the force of diminishing returns. Recovery lies in the direction of increasing consumers’ demand through giving more for the money, and cutting down of distribution costs. Capitalism’s salvation lies in a realization that consumers rule the market value of all goods and capital. The pretty bubbles represented by stock certificates, bonds, mortgages and bank credits, are made of sos; soap floating in the air. They will sink to meet the consumers’ appraisal of them, through steady decline of consumption, the sooner the better. The consumer will revalue capital and debt structures. We are on our way out of dreamland.

So They Say

Manchukuo must build an ocean fleet when her finances are better. —Vice Admiral Nobumasa Suetsugu, commander of Japanese Combined Fleet. General Johnson said his job at NRA was like mounting the guilotine and betting the ax wouldn’t drop. I'm betting it will drop, but my official head will go with a smile. Donald Richberg. The trouble in America is that everything that comes out of Washington is considered authentic, without regard to who did the writing.— Eugene R. Black, former chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. Women will throw themselves at a sports hero. But they are in love with the man, not his athletic prowess.—Profesor Clarence A. Neymann, of Northwestern University. There is not enough money in the world to persuade me to stand up before a horde of curious people who are interested in my personality rather than my work.—Gertude Stein, famous novelist. He would be a good fiddler, if he would only practice.—Mrs. Fritz Kreisler, referring to her famous husband. Daily Thought And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom cf the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.— St. Luke, 1:17. HE is to be educated, not because he is to make shoes, nails and pins, but because he is a man.—William Ellery Channing.

LOOKING FORWARD

BY M. C. W. I am cold with sttfrk fear and lonely dread Os becoming one of the living dead. I view the lonely one across the way— And try prepare for that sad, weary day, I seek for more knowledge to keep in store — Beauty cherished, friends I may never bore, But help and adore, always seek mor? love—- ' avs, c -r faith and hope from Hlth r’.-rifs.