Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 174, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 November 1934 — Page 3

NOV. 30, 1934.

EUROPE’S ‘VALLEY OF FEAR' APPROACHING CLIMAX WHICH MAY BRING WAR ONCE AGAIN People of Saar Region Go to Polls on Jan. 13 in Plebiscite Likely to Throw Continent Into New Embroglio. BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scrippt-Howard Foreign Editor One of the gravest dangers ever to threaten the peace of Europe is galr*r*ing toward a climax in the Saar. On the second Sunday of the new year—Jan. 13, 1935 the people of that tiny but teeming mining region, can ed out of Prussia and Bavaria, will go to the polls to decide whether they shall return to German rule, be annexed to France or remain under the League of Nations.

It sounds simple. For the inhabitants are 95 per cent German. But it is not simple. Plots and counter-plots complicate the situation, inside and outside the Saar, until the chancelleries of the world frankly fear bloodshed. The air is thick with rumors. There is talk of a Nazi putsch to seize the territory by force. The French are reported to have moved up some of their crack regiments, ready to enter the disputed area the moment trouble begins. Terror is said to stalk through the land as above-board and underground organizations of Scarlanders threaten tne population with dire consequences if they fail to “vote right” in the plebiscite. Takes Name From River The Saar is a river. It is about 150 miles long. It rises in the Vosges mountains of eastern France, zig-zags northward through historic Lorraine and the Prussian Rhine province, and empties into the Moselle—the Moselle of song and story and of heavenly vintages—a few miles above Treves. Some fifty-four miles from its confluence is the city of Saarbrucken. Saarbrucken is on the left bank. The town on the right bank is Sankt Johann. But the two are really one city, which every one calls Saarbrucken, capital of the region. It has about 135,000 population. Down the valley, all within a stretch of fifteen miles or so, are the smaller towns of Volkingen, Saarlouis, Merzig and Mettlach. Eastward are Neunkirchen and other centers. Above most of them tower chimneys and cupolas belching fire and smoke, and other structures from which pour rattles and bangs that proclaim them miniature old world Pittsburghs. This region, cluttered with settlements, criss-crossed by barge-laden rivers and canals, and gridironed by a network of railways and highways, is what is known as "The Saar Basin,” commonly called the Saar.

Vast Coal Deposits The Saar is roughly thirty miles long by twenty-five miles wide. It has an area of on’y 730 square miles. But there is a population of 832,000. making it the most thickly settled region of Europe. One reason for this is that it also is the third richest coal-producing area of the continent, after the Ruhr and Upper Silesia. It is estimated that its aeposits exceed sixteen billion tons. And the presence of so much fuel naturally brings allied industries metallurgical, glass and pottery works. France and Germany have fought over this and surrounding territory for centuries. Across the Saai border is French Lorraine, with great seams of iron. Economically the entire Rhineland, including the Ruhr, and northern and eastern France should be one. For within this area are coal and iron sufficient to dominate the steel industry of Europe, if not the world. Charm Amid Ugliness From the foregoing it would be easy to get the impression that the Saar is a very drab corner of Europe. That would be an error. It is most attractive —in spots even beautiful. A stone's throw from the clanging mills and slagheaps are green fields and wooded hills. Even along the Sulz river, the most industrialized. most congested % rt of tr district, lazy landscapes <. great charm crowd in and dull tht °dge of its ugliness. Well-kept fur* e and- - *creen the eommonp'ace and instead of the drr.b. smoke-r.nu-dust begrimed row-houses typical of American mine-and-mill towns, the Saarlanders live mostly in individual cottages scattered about in carefully worked gardens. Most of the people were born where they are, and their fathers before them. More than 50 per cent of the miners own their homes and the beloved patches from which they derive a good part of their food. Mostly Prussians, wit. - a sprinkling of Bavarians, the Saarlanders are an intensely home-loving lot. Germanic to the bottom of their souls. In the early post-war years they stubbcmly fought the Communist revolution which shook Berlin. Munich and the rest of the kaiser's domain. They wanted to remain German and they wanted to remain themselves.

French Influence Limited For a thousand years, with the exception of two breaks, the basin of the Saar has been German. In only one spot—Saarlouis—is the French influence pronounced, and that is more noticeable in the architecture than in the people. Louis XIV extended his influence in this direction after the Tluriy Years War in 1648. It is so recognized in the treaty of Westphalia. It was he who razed a village then on the site in 1680. and ordered his great fortress builde' Fauban, to lay out Saarlouis, the y that still bears his name. Later Napoleon Boi uparte added the rest of the Saar to France's holdings. But when the first treaty of Paris was drawn, after Napoleon was exiled to Elba in 1814. the tricolor was hauled down everywhere save over Saarlouis and Saarbrucken and a little strip of ground on the right bank. E\en this, however, was lost • year later. For Napoleon cam# back from Elba, marched to his defeat at Waterloo and the second treaty of Paris. As the Little Corporal sailed away to exile and death at St. Helena, the French

flag finally disappeared from the Saar. Today the fortifications of Vauban still frown down on Saarlouis. The little town of 15,000 still closely resembles Verdun and the French fortresses laid out by the great engineer. The houses still look very much the same. But the inhabitants are mostly German. Important Strategically During the Franco-Prussian conflict of 1870, Napoleon 111 made another thrust at the Saar. A division of his troops clashed at Saarbrucken with those of the kaiser’s grandfather. It was the first engagement of the war, and Napoelon 111 won. But on the heights of Spichem, overlooking this victory to the south, the Prussians four days later got back their own, nor did they stop until their king was crowned emperor of Germany at Versailles. Militarily, as well as otherwise, the Saarland is of immense strategic importance. High above Saarlouis is what is called “the Gau”—heights which command not only the Saar basin but the Bavarian plain beyond. "Give the French a window,” goes a saying in the Palatinate, “and they will take the room.” By which they mean that, given the plateaus of the Saar, the Rhineland soon would follow. Considering the past of these people, there is little wonder that Europe feels she is sitting on a volcano as Jan. 13 approaches. Their temper been tried only recently. Dreamed of Independence For the first four or five years after the World war, while the armies of occupation still were keeping the watch on the Rhine, an influential group of Frenchmen still dreamed of an independent Rhineland republic to serve as a buffer state between France and the Germanic forces which lately Fad twice invaded their country. President Poincare and Marshal Foch were of this number. So, too, was General Mangin, commander of the troops of occupation. Georges (Tigers) Clemenceau openly accused him of being too close to the German plotters and threatened to resign because Mangin was reporting to Poincare instead of the minister of war. The Germany separationists at last went so far as to issue a declaration of independence, winding up with "Long Live the Rhineland Republic!” Then something happened. It long has been known that the rank and file of the population not only had nothing to do with the plot to separate the Rhineland from the rest of Germany, but opposed it bitterly as they dared under the bayonets of the occupation. Now they prove it. The Pirmasens Massacre One freezing February morning in 1924, in the little town of Pirmasens just a gunshot distance from the Saar border, a group of citizens called on the separationists at their headquarters and ordered them to vacate. They refused, and the group went away. Late that afternoon a much bigger crowd returned. They were well armed with German military equipment. They quietly surrounded the building. When their demand to surrender was refused, tney saturated the house with oil and applied the torch. As. one by one. the thirty or forty separationists ran out, they were shot down or hacked to pieces, despite their pleas for mercy. Hardly one escaped. The massacre lasted two or three Ir urs. Yet not one German policeman came to interfere. "Let that be a lesson to all traitors to the Fatherland!” the mob growled as it dispersed. "The French.” they added, “will be next!” Small wonder, then, that nervous, war-wea-v. shell-shocked Europe today is aflutter ovei what might happen soon in the Saar. TOMORROW*— Why the Saar ' changed dnnds.

NIGHT CLUB EMPLOYE FIRES AT PROWLERS Two Men Trying to Break Into Building Frightened Away. Revolver shots fired by Ralph Lockhart. 1543 Mozart avenue, an employe in the Cars night club. Emerson avenue and Road 29. early today frightened away three prowlers who were attempting to enter the club through a side window just after it had been closed. Police, who went to the scene at the request of Sheriff Charles L. (Buck) Sumner's office, could find no one in the vicinity. HOBO INJURED IN FALL FROM RODS OF TRAIN Pushed Off Without Provocation by Fellow Rider, He Says. William Harvey. 19, Negro, Richmond, Va., was in city hospital seriously injured today. He told police that he was pushed from the rods of a Pennsylvania passenger train by a fellow rod-rider at about 2818 Newton avenue. Harvey said he had had no argur ent ~~ any kind with the man dv the ride from Richmond and was unable to explain the assault. His right arm is badly injured and there may be internal injuries, physicians believe.

Thousands Cheer Santa Claus in Colorful Parade

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I. 11. GO-ED KILLED IN AUTO ACCIDENT Two Others Are Added to State Traffic Toll. Three Thanksgiving day traffic fatalities were reported in Indiana. Tragedy marked what had been planned as a gay holiday week-end for three Indiana university co-eds when the automobile in which they were en route to Goshen overturned in fresh gravel near Rochester, Killing one of them. The victim was Miss Lousie Nockles, 19, Carroll, la. She was riding in an automobile driven by Mrs. Dean L. Barnhart, Goshen. Mrs. Barnhart, her daughter, Mary Louise and Joan Keller, New Carlisle, were uninjured. Thomas Carrico, 52, Daviess county farmer, was injured fatally at his home when run over by a truck which had been cranked while in reverse gear. Bowie C. Smith. South Bend, was killed instantly when struck by an automobile while walking along United States Road 20. near South Bend.

SSOO IN JEWELRY IS tak:.n by burglars Radios Also Stolen in Series of Raids Here. Jewelry valued at SSOO was taken in a series of burglaries last night. M. G Johnson, 1 West Twentyeighth street, reported a thief took a sapphire ring and gold band nng valued at SCS. Mrs. J. M. Bowen, in the same building, reported the theft of a pearl necklace, rhinestone earrings and a bracelet valued at S4O. H. W. Nordyke, 216 East Thirtysecond street, reported the theft of a garnet antique ring valued at SSO, and Mrs. Lucille Bailey, 1248 Burdsal parkway, the theft of diamond rings valued at $325 by a Negro who threatened her wit . a revolver in her home. Two radios also were reported stolen, one from the home of Harry Vorhis. 179 Bright street, valued at $39 and one from the home of T. E. Dugan, 1206 1 3 Lansing street, valued at $35.

BODY FOUND ON RIVER BANK HERE IDENTIFIED Debility Blamed for Death of John A. Cain, 72. It was John A. Cain, 72, who disappeared from his home at 921 West Twenty-ninth street Sunday, whose body was found yesterday on the banks of the White river, police had established today. Member's of his family, who said they thought it probable that his body had been there since Sunday. made the identification. They -aid he had been ill for some time. Debility is believed to have been the cause of death. He is survived by his widow. Mrs. Stella Cain, and three sons, James, Andrew and L. G. Cain Services will be at 8 tonight and ourial will be in Madison. Wis., where Mr. Cain was born. He had lived in Indianapolis for man. va and was a carpenter by tra-

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

When Santa Claus came to Indianapolis today he was greeted by crowds and accompanied by marchers as pictured in these photos. The upper left was taken from the Board of Trade build-

CHEERING NOTE FROM PRESIDENT AIDS BOY IN PARALYSIS BATTLE

By United Press CHICAGO, Nov. 30. Little Richard Broadwell, paralysis victim, fondled a piece of paper and smiled. The piece of paper—stationery, to be exact—is, according to doctors, one of the major factors in Richard's recovery trom almost a state of complete paralysis to the point where he now can use one lung and has regained the use of muscles on one side of his body. The stationery carries a letter from President Roosevelt: “My Dear Richard: “I have just learned that you were stricken with infantile paralysis recently and I want to send you a personal word of cheer, and to express the hope that you are making a splendid recovery. Be sure to do exactly what the doctors tell you to do. With very best wishes. Very sincerely yours, FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.”

U. S.-JAPANESE PHONE SERVICE TO BE OPENED Inaugural Conversations to Be Held Friday. Commercial telephone service between the United States and Japan will open next Friday following inagural conversations between Washington and Tokyi, it was announced today. Direct voice connections between any telephone in the United States and any in principal cities on the island of Hondo, which includes Tokyi, Kokohama, Kyoto and Kobe, will be possible at a rate of S3O for three minutes. Japan is the sixtieth foreign country to be included in the worldwide tt.ephone network in which the United States hold the pivotal position. The United States transmitting point will be Dixon. Cal., while the receiving station will be Komura, Japan.

BABY HURT AS MOTHER FALLS DOWN STAIRS 3-Month-Old Child Suffers Possible Skull Fracture. Barbara Bruce, 3 months, was taken to city hospital today suffering from a possible skull fracture received when she and her mother. Mrs. Sarah Bruce. 22. of 705 South Meridian street, fell down ten steps of a flight of stairs at their home. Mrs. Bruce said that she was carrying Barbara down the steps when she caught her heel on the lip of the tenth step and fell to the bottom. dropping the baby as she did so. Library to Be Dedicated Bp United Prats NEW YORK. Nov. 30.—South Hall, a $4,000,000 library presented to Columbia university by Edward S. Harkness, will be formally opened today.

ing, down Meridian street, with the children-lined fence of the Federal building at the extreme right. Other pictures here are closeups on Meridian street, at different points during the line of

STREET MR STRIKES WAGON; ONE KILLED Negro Driver Is Crushed by Wheels. Leon Gilleard, 2s. Negro, 615 West St. Clair street, city sanitary department wagon driver, was killed today when his wagon was struck by an Indianapolis Railways trolley car in front of 1919 North Illinois street. Witnesses told police that Mr. Gilleard drove in front of the trolley while attempting to pass another wagon. The impact of the rapidly moving trolley pushed the wagon up over the curb. Mr. Gilleard was thrown from his seat and under the wheels of his wagon. The wheels crushed his chest. He died shortly after being admitted to city hospital. Albert Weinke, 68, of 3471 North Illinois street, a passenger on the trolley, was taken to city hospital for treatment of injuries to his left leg sustained in the crash. Miss Nellie Sheepy, Negro, 832 Chadwick street, another passenger, complained of . shock. Luther Nuckles, 42, of 129 McClain was operator of the car. SURVEY TO IMPROVE NATIONAL ROAD BEGINS Route 40 to Be Made Into ThreeLane Highway. A preliminary survey of steps to be taken in the widening of the National highway (United States Road 40) across the state has been started by the state highway commission. A three-lane road is contemplated. The commission already has widened parts of the highway, resurfacing and widening the GreenfieldCumberland stretch last summer.

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march. The lower yight picture is of the Indiana soldiers and Sailors’ Home band of Knightstown, Ind., which led the parade, and the upper right is of Santa himself with his reindeer. Others are some of the floats.

GLORIA ‘HIGH HATS’ THE CLASSES, WILL ENTERTAIN MASSES

By United Press OLD WESTBURY, N. Y., Nov. 30.—Little Gloria Vanderbilt, 10 and heir to a $4,000,000 fortune, had lots of fun today planning details of her first party at which she will learn something about life among the masses. Her guests will be eight or nine children selected from the poorest families in Nassau county by the social service department of the Nassau hospital. Little Gloria, accompanied by her chauffeur, bodyguard, and companion, motored to the hospital with her idea. She said she would like the little girls to spend the entire day with her at the palatial estate of her aunt, Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney, who controls a fortune estimated worth $150,000,000.

PAOLI DEATH TRIAL JURY IS DISMISSED Fail to Reach Verdict in Slaying Case Against Warden Bp United Press PAOLI, Ind., Nov. 30.—Unable to agree on a verdict in nearly twen-ty-four hours of deliberation, the jury which heard the trial of Theodore Elliott. Jasper game warden, on a charge of slaying Kenneth Martin, 19, Grantsburg, was dismissed yesterday. The youth was shot while hunting near Grantsburg. The defense claimed Elliott shot the youth when he resisted arrest on a charge of hunting without a license. The trial w r as brought here on a change of venue from Crawford county.

DEMOCRAT GROUP TO HOLD VICTORY DANCE 1 Sixteenth Ward Club Will Give Party. Sixteenth ward Democrats will celebrate their success in the recent elections with a victory dance Monday night in Liederkranz hall, 1417 East Washington street. George Miller, Democratic ward chairman, is dance sponsor; Mrs. Elizabeth Wheatley, ward vice-chairman, is his assistant. On the entertainment committee are Charles Hook, Katherine Fisher and Joe Forrester* music, Dennis Lyons, Hugo Summers and Ernest Metcalf; publicity, Ray Moats, Nora Hogan and James McGovern; refreshments, Walter Davis, Pat Noone and Theo Walker; tickets, Richard Conger. Alfred Ramsey and Peter Thompson; reception, George Miller, Elizabeth Wheatley, Joseph Fischer; Desdemona Harryrr.in, James McCarty. Anna Forrestal, Katherine McGovern, John Murphy, Marie Scollard, Ethel Murphy, Gert r ude Smith, Mary Modglen, Elizabeth Ward, Marguerite Weaver, Delia Connor, Hazel Breinlick, Anna Campbell, Nellie Burk and John Kessler and Marguerite Harrington. Howard Bates is general chairman. Christmas Party Scheduled A luncheon and Christmas party will be given by the Edna E. Pauley Junior Club No. 6. Woman's Relief Corps auxiliary, at 1 tomorrow at Ft. Friendly. Election and initiation of officers will be held.

STOUT’S FACTORY bv the Smart * fm Young Set * SO9B fll, .... shoes SIZES 24 TO 9 for WIDTHS AAAA to C less: TER PAIR gtouisghofigtores I| 318-332 Mass. Ave. 352-354 W. Wash. St. (Second Block) STOUT’S STORES OPEN 8 A. M. CLOSE WEEK DAYS 6 P. M. SATURDAYS, 9 P. M. SHOE STORES

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$25,000,000 IS SPENT ON POOR AID INJNOIANA $3,000,000 Alone October Cost, State Relief Figures Show. (Continued From Page One) an increase in. the relief roils has caused this huge monthly increase in family relief throughout the last seventeen months. It. will tell of charges of maladministration and political favoritism in doling out administrative jobs, relief and food contract aawrds and will show the merit or demerit of those charges. It will be shown that the Gover-. nor's unemployment relief commission has been termed a 'Republican commission under a Democratic Governor,” “a social worker's holiday,” “a Democratic machine." 10.000 Families Aided The Times will picture for you relief before the federal government poured millions of dollars of food, wages, medical aid, and fuel into Indiana, and, in a word photo in the same album, will show relief in the state under President Roosevelt and Governor McNutt. Ten thousand families in Marion county will be shown to be under wage budgets for perhaps the first time in their lives. It will be shown that in one relief administrative department onefourth of the employes are excess pay roll baggage. The Times will tell also how the constantly growing relief lines can not be supervised adequately and investigated without additional social service workers. On Relief Diet for Years Hundreds of thousands of Hoosiers will be shown to be living fer five years on a relief diet that is inadequate and one-half the amount of an adequate diet as set by the United States bureau of home economics. The direct relief grocery orders in the state will be shown as only a real subsistence for four to six months and not sufficient to keep malnutrition from sapping physiques over a period of four to five years. It will be shown that, even if the boom days of 1928 and 1929 returned. private industry might be compelled to walk away at the plea for a job from heads of relief families. Charges by industry that state social workers are making relief attractive and turning persons on relief into mental and physical loafers will be outlined. In turn, the sociologists’ viewpoint that indutsry has not assumed a moral responsibility in the rehabilitating of those on relief rolls will be shown. Their Own Stories The Times will take you into homes where falling plaster is an alarm clock, where apathy and cheer, hope and hopelessness, reign. The tenants of those homes will tell you their own stories of relief, how much they’re getting, what they need, and why they would rather have jobs than pork jowls purchased by state relief money. It will be shown that a group of Marion county residents are aiding in the decrease of the birth rate in relief families, through educational agencies. The taxpayer, industrialist, politician, grocer, civic leaders, will give their viewpoints on the mounting cost of relief as they point the varied roads into which the relief wagon and the expenditures lead Indiana and Marion county. Next—Relief Load and the Cost. College President Chosen BETHANY, W. Va., Nov. 30—Announcement of the election of Wilbur Havejfield Carmblet as president of Bethany college was made today. He will take over his duties Wedesday, Dec. 5.

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