Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 133, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 October 1934 Edition 02 — Page 7

OCT. 13,1934

It Seems to Me mmol) broun "IM n capitalist," said the young man who was JL paving lor the drinks. "And I'm a conservative.” he added as he shoved the waiter a 15 cent tip. “And what is more.” he continued with growing asperity, ‘ I am one of thoo terrible Wall Street brokers that vou are so fond of holding up to scorn in your column But I am not going to say the same old things I've heard you pick on. even though I intend to tell you why I'm not for Franklin D. Roosevelt. “Os course he isn’t a Communist or a Socialist or a Democrat. He fixed the most appropriate label vet devised for him when he called himself a football quarter ba v, .. here’s another season roll-' ing around and let's see just what kind of game the quarter ha k of the White House eleven is giving us.

“I used to be a football player nyself. When Mr. Roosevelt first began taikmg of politics in terms if gridiron strategy he used it is an excuse for not laying down a A-holly specific program in advance, ili-s explanation was that like some Erkersall of old he intended to call he plays according to the down, he location of the ball, and the particular system of defense adoptd by his adversaries. So far, so ,’ood. But here's my holler. I have i grave suspicion that the White House quarter back is beginning to tall plays his team never heard of

i B

Ileywood Broun

before. The signals get jumbled because their maneuvers have not been rehearsed and the various men in the lineup have no idea what their particular assignment may be. Tell Vs the Pious “fM not complaining about intricate plays, trick X plays, and long ground gainers designed to shake a man loose. I merely say. as an old football player, that it’s evtremely difficult to make up a play on the spur of the moment right in the middle of the game. I think it was Pop Warner who used to say that the re was nothing mysterious about the thing called ’the Warner System.' "After all he had been using it for years. His teams had been scouted over and over again but he still stia k to the same combinations. As I remember he once said, ‘A an have my plays in advance. I don’t mind describing them minutely. The only thing that I won’t do, of course, is to tell the other follow in what rotation they are going to be run.’ That brings us back to Franklin D. Roosevelt. A.s a capitalist, a conservative and a Wall Street broker, I think he would be doing the country a great service if he would say In advance, ‘Here are the plays I am going to use for tiie next year,’ or even for the next six months. "And I don’t see why some of you radicals, it you •are a radical, couldn’t get together with us in this same demand. You have some of us boys listed all wrong. We are not complaining particularly that Mr. Roosevelt is going to the left. I don’t mean that we’d all throw our hats in the air and say ’Hooray’ if he started ofl hell bent for election in that direction, but honestly our chief criticism is that the President won t give out in advance any particular hint as to whether he intends to travel north or south, east or west .or stay precisely put. They Wouldn't Know | "'HAT’S w here you radical fellows come in. You X have just as much right to a natural curiosity in this matter as we have. For instance, there was a speech in Green Bay, Wis., and that was all for the Progressives of the west, the La Foliette fringe and the rest ot the low-boiling-point politicians. A little while after that there came a fireside chat for the industrial east, an economic truce and a chance for the business man to go out and make a nickel without being stopped by the cops. “You say business men, particularly Wall Street brokers, have no knowledge of economics anyway, but we are not bereft of memory. We have a little elephant blood. And so all through a fireside chat we still kept hearing the echoes of Green Bay and its olive wreath for all the La Follettes. "So I say again, let the President put on record the system he intends to follow. It can be all straight line bucks or shoe string forward passes, or even a mixture of both. But we don't want to see him suddenly go Carlisle Indian on us and stick the ball up under Tugwell’s shirt where none of us can see it.” "That sounds very pretty,” said the young man across the table who had taken no part in the conversation up to this point. "It sounds very pretty, but only a few months ago a man in California undertook to do precisely what you are asking. Upton Sinclair drew up a plan, a schedule of plays and said. This is what I’m going to do when I am elected Governor.’ You Wall Street boys didn't say, "That’s fine and dandy. Now at least we know the worst.’ "On the contrary you all rushed to the locker room, picked up your clothes, and said, ’We just won’t play ball with that fellow. We’re all going home.’ ” iCoovriaht. 1934. bv The Times)

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

''"■"'HE one hundredth anniversary of the burning 1 of the British houses of parliament will be observed by mathematicians on Oct. 16. Why mathematicians should be interested in this event is one of the most interesting stones in the history of science. For here was the burning of a public building brought about not by war. revolution, or riot, but by the progress of science. For many centuries, in England and elsewhere, the common practice of keeping numerical records had been by means of notches on tally sticks. This continued to be the method at the British treasury long after most places had given it up. Finally it was dropped and in 1834 parliament voted to destroy the tally sticks. Accordingly, on Oct. 16. 1834, the task of burning these sticks was begun in a stove in the basement of the house of lords. The stove became overheated and by evening the famous building was “a white hot furnace.” Soldiers and firemen fought the flames without success. Only ancient Westminster Hall survived. Rebuilding the houses of parliament cost Great Britain 2.500.000 pounds. ,50 perhaps that is a bill winch ought to be chargeft against the development of arithmetic and methods of bookkeeping. 0 0s THE burning of the British parliament serves to remind us of the fact that modern arithmetic has not always been with us. Os course, tally sticks were hopelessly out of date in 1834, and it is a sad commentary on the way things are done in politics that these slicks were still in use in 1826. Remember that Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried von Leibnitz had invented the calculus in the years prior to 1690. Charles Dickens, the famous author, satanzed parliament in his address on "Administrative Reform.” "Official routine,” he said, "mclmed to those notched sticks if they were pillars of the Constitution.” A few centuries earlier, however, arithmetic still was m a bad way. Professor Tobius Dantzig tells the story of the German merchant of the fifteenth century who asked a professor where to send his son for an education m mathematics. The professor replied that if the son wished to learn only adding and substractmg. a German university would do. but if he wished him to learn multiplying and dividing, he had better go to Italy where more advanced instruction was available. Multiplication was carried on in those days by a lengthy and involved process. A problem which can be solved in five minutes today took three hours then. 000 IT is interesting to note, however, that in the 100 years from 1834 to 1934 the trend has been from counting devices to mental arithmetic and back again to countmg devices. The adding machine, the slide rule, the various calculating machmes. and the automatic bookkeeping machines of one sort and another, have supplanted much of the arithmetical work that had to be done formerly in the world of business, industry and science. Even calculus has succumbed to the Machine 1 Age a there is a machine which will solve problems in calculus which are too difficult and involved to be attacked by mental methods.

GODFATHER OF THE NEW DEAL

Star Pupils of Brandeis and Frankfurter Aid Roosevelt

ThU i* the MniDd of two *torie that tell of the powerful influence of Supreme Court Juttlre lyioii D. Brandeia on the New Real, throurh the impart of bit philoaophr and the presenre of manr of hia ‘‘diariplea” in hith piarei in the rerovery a*encie, and the part played by Profeor Felix Frankfurter, chief apoitle of Justice Brandeia. in the coternment program. BY RODNEY BUTCHER \F A W ashington Correspondent (Copyright, 2934. >EA Service, Inc.) WASHINGTON. Oct. 13.—The influence of Justice Louis D. Branded in the New Deal, aside from the indirect effect of his precepts during a lifetime of vigorous liberalism, is felt here in two ways: 1. The impact of the Brandeis philosophy upon his various friends and acquaintances who occupy high administrative posts and are privileged to discuss national affairs with him. 2. The presence of scores of young Harvard law „chool graduates in the New Deal agencies. Many of these are proteges or former pupils of Professor Felix Frankfurter, chief exponent and close personal friend of the justice. The rest breathed the spirit of Justices Brandeis and Holmes from other instructors of the school. Annually, for many years, Professor Frankfurter has been sending two of his favorite graduates to serve as secretaries to Justice Brandeis and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, now retired. Nearly a dozen of these young men are among the Frankfurter products who have helped draft New Deal laws and regulations, interpreted them, a/*d fought for them in subsequent legal battles.

"Frankfurter’s Hog Dogs” was what Congressman Fred A. Britten of Illinois called the group as he attacked the stock market bill —drafted by three BrandeisHolmes ex-secretaries —in the last congress. Along with the professors, these fellows—mostly in their late twenties or early tHirties and liberals all—comprise the bulk of the so-called “Brain Trust.” o o 0 Frankfurter got to now Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Wilson administration, when he was chairman of the war labor policies board, and Mr. Roosevelt was assistant secretary of the navy. The two men have counseled often since. Professor Frankfurter worships exceptional brains and President Rposevelt admires the brains of Professor Frankfurter, a vigorous man of about the President's age and an outstanding friend of labor and social justice. Naturally, Professor Frankfurter lias helped work out some of the New Deal measures and policies. Naturally, he recruited many of his proteges—most of whom were in private practice—for important posts in the new administration. Naturally, those proteges recruited dozens of ex-classmates from Harvard law’ school to help them man the legal ramparts. 000 COLUMBIA and Yale and other universities also contributed. Their graduates here often play in harmony with the Frankfurter group and some of the Columbia follows studied under Harlan F. Stone, now on the supreme court and always an intimate friend of Professor Frankfurter.

-The-

DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND —By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13.—President Roosevelt has under serious consideration a nation-w’ide program for railroad grade-crossings as a 1934 substitute for last winter’s CWA. Cost of the vast project is tentatively estimated at $1,000,000,000. Seventy-five per cent of the money, it is figured, would go direct to the pocket of labor. Besides the controlling factor of appreciably reducing unemployment rolls, the grade-crossing program appeals to the President for several other reasons:

First, he f£els that the widespread installation of such safeguards have long been urgently needed in American railroad transportation. Second, such a plan would eliminate the criticism raised against the CWA that no constructive work was accomplished. Under the plan, as being considered by the President, the railroads would bear half the cost, with the government lending the money. In other words, the government would put up the estimated 51.000.000.000 necessary to finance the great project. But the railroads, over a term of years, would repay $500,000,000. 000 TEXAS’ gentle, hard-working Senator Morris Sheppard, author of the late Eighteenth amendment, really believes that some day the United States will return to national prohibition. In fact Sheppard always has a little anecdote on the tip of his tongue to drive home his conviction. This is his latest: A teacher called on one of her pupils for a sentence containing the word "diadem.” "People who drink moonshine.” the lad promptly rattled off, “die a damn sight quicker than those who don’t.” 000 Administration leaders have been privately advised that the American Legion will do the following at its Miami convention. 1. Elect as national commander, Frank N. Belgrano Jr., Sail Francisco banker and Republican. 2. Side-step a declaration in favor of immediate payment of the bonus. While the inside word is one of assurance to the administration regarding the final outcome on the bonus Issue, it is admitted that there will be sharp fighting over the question on the convention floor. The bonuseers will go into the battle frith a pledged strength of 38-2 per cent of the convention vote. Fifteen state delegations have been directed to cast their ballot for some form of bonuspayment action. These "departments” are Arkansas. Illinois, Indiana. Minnesota. Michigan. Mississippi, Missouri. Ohio, Oklahoma. Louisiana, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas. Washington and trict of Columbia. Despite this imposing bloc of bonus votes, however, the masterminds of the vet organization—who behind the scenes really run its affairs—are convinced they can stop a formal indorsement. They believe the majority of the rank and file can be persuaded that it is against their interest to take such a stand at this time, that it would antagonize public sentiment, endanger the benefits for disabled veterans regained during the last session of congress. • (Copyright, 1934. oy United Feature eradicate. tac,j

Infusion of these young lawyers into the government is hardly less significant than the arrival of shoals of here. The flow of young legal brains, which once headed into New York, has at least temporarily been diverted to Washington. Among them the government has picked up some of the highest grade brains it ever had and the “kids” are proving as good as the best and better than most of the high-priced, experienced lawyers who came here to try to chisel easy deals for the big corporations. , 000 PERHAPS the most important tenet of the Brandeis-Frank-furter religion goes something like this: “You can’t find brains or character enough to handle huge centralized projects on a national scale. Big business and finance should be broken into smaller, more efficient units, by taxation. “Racketeering by bankers and speculators with other people’s money must end. Competition must be free and fair.” Some Brandeis admirers disagree and wish Justice Brandeis would get away from the ideas he held twenty years ago. But by no means all. That Brandeis-Frankfurter philosophy was uppermost in the minds of the three young proteges who drafted the securities and stock market acts and then fought behind the scenes like tigers for their passage. The three were: James M. Landis, 35, seclirities exchange commissioner, former Brandeis secretary and Harvard law’ professor, a thin, blond, hawk-nosed man who

FT. WAYNE MAN IS ELECTED BY LODGE Grand Patriarch Named by Odd Fellows. Ota G. Fields, Ft. Wayne, was elected grand patriarch of the grand encampment, Independent Order of Odd Fellow’s, yesterday at the final session of the Odd Fellow Indiana Grand lodge in Indianapolis. Other officers elected are R. E. Haggerty, Greenfield, grand senior warden: H. Ray Condrey, 729 Cottage avenue, grand junior warden; George P. Bomwasser, New Albany, grand scribe; A. H. Chamberlain, Indianapolis, grand high priest; Dr. John R. Andrews, Bedford, grand trustee, and F. E. Smith, Rochester, grand representative. EPISCOPALIANS OPPOSE INCREASE IN BUDGET Estimate Is SBOO,OOO in Excess of Anticipated Income, By United Press ATLANTIC CITY, N. J„ Oct. 13. The fifty-first triennial general convention of the Protestant Episcopal church became embroiled in informal debate today over the prospective budget for next year. The Rev. Dr. Lewis B. Franklin, treasurer of the national council, presented the proposed general budget of $2,700,000. some SBOO,OOO in excess of anticipated contributions and income, to a joint session of the house of bishops and the house of deputies. Several officials of church regarded the proposed figures as ‘very high” and it was considered possible that one of two alternative budgets based on anticipated income might be reported out. SEVEN GIRLS ENTERED IN POPULARITY CONTEST Thirteenth Ward Democrats to Hold Dance at Turners Seven young women are entered in the popularity contest to be held tonight as an added attraction to the dance sponsored by the Thirteenth Ward Democratic Club at South Side Turners hall. Senator Frederick Van Nuys, Sherman Minton, United States senate nominee, and Superior Judge John W. Kern, mayor nominee, have been asked to speak to the club Oct. 20. A torchlight parade will be held. I. U- Freshmen Elect By United Press BLOOMINGTON, Ind., Oct. 13. Indiana university freshmen yesterday elected David Wilson, Cambridge City, president of their class lor the 1934-35 school year.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Spl 1' i # ■■ £:■ ' >■ j a 111

collaborated w’ith Professor Frankfurter in writing “The Business of the Supreme Court.” Tom Corcoran, 34, former Holmes secretary, Wall Street law’yer and assistant to Dean Acheson, ex-undersecretary of the treasury, who is now sometimes called “brains of the RFC.” Ben Cohen, 40, framer of social legislation, right-hand man to Justice Brandeis in Palestine reconstruction, widely experienced and now assistant general counsel of PWA.

42 NAMED TO CHOIR Selections Are Announced by Max Krone, Director of Conservatory. Max Krone, Arthur Jordan Conservatory choir director, has announced the names of forty-two students who will comprise the organization this year. The group will make numerous public appearances in this state and mid-western cities during the winter. . Those selected include Kenneth Herron, Bonnie Jean Beale, Robert Lawrence, Maxine Murtz, Mary Hirschman, Francis Fitzgerald, Walter Weeks, Martha Herrforth, Fred Winter, Gilbert Kellberg, Carl Hogue, Dorothy Woods, Virginia Wood, Sylvia Watson, Maurine Warner, Mary Trout, Mildred Stevens, Earl Riley, Mildred Reimer and Mildred Phillips. Others * elected to the choir are William Moon, Ben Niles, Harvey Michels, Alma Meyer, Justine Meyer, Wilhelmina McElroy, Sally Maurer, Florence Lewis, Leanora Kohn, Charles Kennett, Betty Humphries, Ruth Hitzelberger, Charles Henzie, James Hartley. Mary Lee Grabbert, Edna Eichoff, Elizabeth Cook, Virginia Carneflx, Ruth Brown, Mallory Bransford and Gerald Bettcher. Theater Safe Looted Prying open a back window’, burglars early today entered the Emerson theater, 4630 East Tenth street, and obtained S3OO from a small steel cabinet safe.

SIDE GLANCES

“Stupid! Dumb, stupid play! I didn’t know I had such a blockhead in my Greek class.”

Professor Felix Frankfurter

WHEN first attempts here to write a securities act became balled up, Professor Frankfurter sent for Landis and Cohen to come and join forces with Corcoran. Tne three worked -out a measure .in w’hich even the smartest Wall Street lawyers couldn’t find loopholes. Acting on the Brandeis premise that a business setup mustn’t be so big that even its officers can't understand it—as' in the case of Insull and Krueger—they sought a law which would compel corporations to know all about themselves.

THE NATIONAL ROUNDUP 000 000 By Ruth Finney

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13—The long nervous chill from which business and finance have been suffering since the President's Green Bay speech seemed today to have been partly dispelled. Within the last week some of the President’s sharpest critics have professed themselves reassured as to his policies. Financial journals have taken the same tone in commenting on Washington developments. This week the stock market had its most active day since the middle of August. The reason lor the change is not entirely apparent. It is almost two weeks since the President’s address to the nation which, for the

most part, left the industrial and financial world disappointed. Today, however, portions of that address are being quoted as the basis for optimistic statements. Mark Sullivan, Republican writer, confidant of Herbert Hoover, and one of Mr. Roosevelt’s most consistent critics for the last two years, now says that “the real spirit of the President’s most recent radio speech—was not fully grasped by those w’ho listened to it over the radio.” 000 'ltyl'R. SULLIVAN sees the President retreating on a broad front and “recognizing for the first time that under the conditions of the depression recovery is more necessary than reform.” “Mr. Roosevelt seems to go so far as to throw overboard the fundamental principle—or fallacy —announced by General Johnson that the way to recovery is first to build up purchasing power by first raising wage rates of workers and by requiring employers to take on additional workers,” Mr.

By George Clark

Other Frankfurter men who have taken a "post-graduate” under Justice Brandeis as his secretan’ include Mr. Acheson. let out by President Roosevelt in a dispute over policy; Harry F. Shulman, 31, counsel for the new railroad pension board; William Sutherland, until recently counsel for TV A, and Paul Freund of RFC. 000 TO Justice Holmes, Professor Frankfurter gave such men as Mr. Cochrane, Alger Hiss, a founder of the International Juridical Bulletin and temporarily detached from his post as assistant to General Counsel Jerome Frank of AAA to serve with the senate munitions committee: Donald Hiss of PWA—the Hiss boys are around 30 years old and come from a blue-blooded Baltimore family; Lloyd Landau, housing counsel for PWA. Most of these fellows have practiced corporate law and most of them have made a lot of money at it. Mr. Frank of AAA. though not a Harvard man, was recommended. by Professor Frankfurter. Solicitor Nathan Margold of the interior department; Director David E. Lilienthal of TVA; Solicitor Charles E. Wyzanski Jr. of the department of labor; Adolph A. Berle. one of the original “brain trust;” Economic Adviser Herbert Feis of the state department; Lee Pressman, assistant to Mr. Frank; General Counsel John J. Burns of the securities exchange commission, and Counsel Calvert Magruder of the national labor relations board all are Harvard law graduates and mostly expupils of Professor Frankfurter. 000 THE “Hots Dogs” hang together, rather loosely, and when a Frankfurter man is hardpressed on an emergency job you’re likely to find others from other agencies over helping him in the evening. Some of them live together in groups, as in the more or less famous “little red house in Georgetown,” W’here Mr. Corcoran and Mr. Cohen keep bachelor quarters with a half-dozen younger Harvard law school men now serving RFC, PWA or TVA. Some of them occasionally vfsit Justice Brandeis. They discuss with him problems of every description, but never that matter often foremost in their minds—the point as to what the supreme court may do when it passes on questions of constitutionality arising from the New r Deal. The End.

Sullivan says. He even finds in the President’s doubts as to price fixing and production control, abandonment of “planned economy.” In a second article Mr. Sullivan states that the administration has under way "an intelligent, earnest, and good-faith attempt to cause business men to see that the conditions making for better business are in existence and to give business men confidence to go on.” He cites both the President’s speech and Donald Richberg’s more recent one in Chicago as assuring business that whatever is necessary for its well-being will be done. Arthur Krock of the Democratic New’ York Times also believes that the period in which President Roosevelt sought '‘to achieve certain reforms along with recovery” has ended. 000 npHE current issue of Business Week reports: “Indications are that industry will be the pet of NRA for the next few months. It is to be nursed into creating new jobs and even profits to make the jobs possible. Both President Roosevelt and Mr. Richberg are edgy over insinuations that they do not love business men—perhaps the most cheering sign yet seen in the New Deal heavens.” The same magazine suggests that the President’s plan for a labor-industry truce may be “an offer to open a door out of the situation that is developing as a result of the majority rule decision." The Wall Street Journal joins the chorus with a remark that “there are rapidly recurring evidences of a more (Conciliatory attitude toward business men and their problems and fears. Unusal efforts are being made to ‘lay’ the ghosts which have been haunting private capital. . , . The Richberg speech went beyond the President's not only in the replies it gave to queries persistently put forwrd by business associations, but in the vigor and definiteness of its reassurances.” DIONNE SISTERS STILL GAINING IN WEIGHT Yvonne Weighs Almost 10 Pounds; Marie Is Smallest By United Press CALLANDER, Ont., Oct. 13. Weights of the Dionne babies today were: Yvonne, 9 pounds, 11 ounces. Annette, 9 pounds, 4 4 ounces. Cecile, 8 pounds, 9 ounces. Emilie, 7 pounds, ounces. Marie, 6 pounds, 12’ i ounces. Famed Wig Maker Dies By United Press LONDON, Oct. 13.—Willie Clarkson, internationally famous wig maker, who could make a wig to grace any head, died today. He was 73.

Fair Enough MOOKMBt CHICAGO. Oct. 13.—The twelve good men and true, and two spares, who are hearing the evidence .against old man Insull in the federal court have been signed on for a task which would strain the intelligence of most people, but they are on the jury now and they will have to make a stab at it. The two spares in the jury box are bench-warmers, who may not get into the game at all. They were selected as reserves in case any of the varsity jurors should get sick or be called home in some emergency.

Meanwhile, they are supposed to keep awake and follow the evidence to the best of their ability which is about the best that any man can do in such a case. Nobody but a professional economist could guarantee to know what it was all about at the end of this trial. It is even doubtful that Mr. Insull, himself, knows what it is all about. There were forty-two Insull companies involved in the billion-dollar crash and it would take some concentration to memorize the names and get them straight, le* alone sorting out the

.deals in which they were involved and establishing the exact degree of guilt to Je assigned to each of seventeen men in eavh transaction. There are sixteen other defendants in the lineup, but, in the public imagination, and. for newspaper purposes, the case is called the Insull trial. He is captam of the team. 000 Strictly Business THE twelve good men and true, and the two subvarsity jurors, sit by the day and listen to the reading of old business letters and contracts. The prosecutor, Leslie E. Salter, will put a witness on the stand and then read a document as long as a year in bed and just as dull. He then calls on the witness to say w hether or not a certain person signed that. “He did,” says the witness, and Mr. Salter sticks it in the ree*rd and pulls out another one. The quantity of the letters and records which he has to draw upon for these exhibits is appalling. There is a row of selves about eight feet high and twenty feet long on one side of the courtroom, all loaded with account books, letters and reports. - It would be less stuffy if there were a few' pink notes among the correspondence addressed to "Sweet Old Daddy” and signed “Toots,” or "Baby.” But there is a time and place for everythin ? and the boys who ran the Insull empire '•".opt only business papers in their business files. It is an interesting commentary on the shrew’dness of these shrewd, business men, however, that they lacked the intelligence to get rid of some of their papers before the government stepped in and grabbed the files. They had t similar case in Washington a lew weeks ago wh >n Senator Nye was investigating the munitions industry. One correspondent in the South American field repeatedly -iad cautioned the home office to comb out the letter files and throw away anything which might have an unconventional sound if read aloud at a public inquiry. But your business man hates to throw away old letters. He hangs on to them as a mother saves baby shoes and old report cards. Then the first thing he knows someone like Mr. Salter is reading a letter out loud in w ; hich the boys agree to create $10,000,000 by writing down some numbers in a $2 ledger. 000 THE Insull jury is said to be extra-good. The members are citizens of good reputation among their neighbors and have the look of men who w’ould be safe at home nights if they w-eren’t on the jury. But they are neither professors nor market experts and they will be better men than most if they are able to keep things in exact order in their minds and decide just how guilty each defendant is, if any. Some of the twelve and two close their eyes occasionally and see mto be catching upon their fall sleeping. You couldn’t blame them. Judges often do the same thing in trials which offer no love interest but only documents beginning. “Your favor of the tenth ult. Received and contents noted.” It w r as shocking to hear from an old-time federal court man that the Chicago federal court juries of years ago were quite low grade. The big trials took place in the late fall and winter when there wasn’t much that a farmer could do to make a dollar except sit on the jury. But the prasecutors wanted verdicts and if a man wouldn’t convict he was stricken off the list. The old-time federal court man said the list in those days was pretty well purged of kindhearted men. It must have been a good joke to file away an innocent Leavenworth merely because certain fellow-citizens wished to make a little winter money. Your correspondent will bet that some of them were pretty well burned up about it. (Copyright. 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.i

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISIIBEI

WE like to think that men are much stronger than women, yet investigations indicate that serious diseases, involving organs that occur in both the male and female, afflict men oftener than they do women. The cause of this inherent weakness in the male Is difficult to explain. In the considerations that have been given to the subject, one authority said that, since boys are larger than girls at birth, nutrition and the birth process are more difficult and that this might account for the greater weakness of the male. It might also be thought that nature makes less provision for the safety of the male than for the female, realizing that the male is less Important in the natural scheme of reproduction. The chemical activities of life go on more rapidly in the male than in the female. 000 TAKEN altogether, the evidence is good that the male resists disease less well than does the female. Some of the factors which have been thought of importance are those related to indulgence in alcohol, likelihood of exposure, and overwork. These, however, are of small importance in comparison to the fact that the constitution of the male is somehow inferior. v More specifically, men are afflicted with trouble in their stomachs and intestines much more than are women. The tendency of an ulcer is the small Intestine to perforate is twice as great in the male as in the female. Men suffer far more frequently from cancers of the lip the larynx, the tongue and tonsil than do women Men suffer more frequently from tuberculosis of the lungs, from pneumonia, and from all sorts of disturbances of the blood vessels. 000 WOMEN, on the other hand, seem to suffer more than men do with valvular diseases of the heart and with chronic arthritis. Women also suffer a great deal more than men with backache and this is definitely related to the strain that is put on the feminine structure by the nature of the build of the body and by the problems of childbirth. Os special interest is the fact that women suffer far more than men do from exophthalmic goiter and from functional diseases of the nervous system. From the point of view of suicide, the statistics show that four times as many men commit suicide as do women, but women make many morq suicidal at • tempts that fail. The studies of the distribution of disease are not only interesting, but of great practical value in determining the nature of diseases cf various kinds.

Questions and Answers

Q —What is a female peafowl called? A—Peahen. Q —What is the Koran? A—The scripture of the Mohammedan religion. Q—What ‘s the weight of the Empire State building? A—Approxmiately 600,000,000 pounds. Q —How large are the stone blocks in the Great Pyramid of Cheops, and how many are there? A—There are about 2,300,000, each about three feet high, and averaging 2 b tens.

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Westbrook Pegler