Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 92, Indianapolis, Marion County, 27 August 1934 — Page 9

AUG. 27, 1931

It-Seem io He HEWO® BROUN "J HAVE read with a great deal of sympathy your wail over the fact that you can not get yourvlf taken seriously as a red terrorist," writes Mr. X. who used to be a columnist once himself. And I might add a better man than either myself or Gunga Dhin. "I’ll tell you what I think is the trouble. A person car. utter the most violent bloody anarchism, and do it with wit. and get the reputation of being merely a Jester. Or he can breathe the mildest of criticisms, and look mean and cantankerous, and become at once a suspicious character, a murdering Bolshevik, and a blood-steeped destroyer of human society. "It is not the logical content of what you say. Neither the radicals nor the

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Ilrywood Broun

signs, slogans, totems, still appeal to the crowd, and determine the character of their reaction. It is idle to hope that they ever will, until they have had a few thousand years more of evolution, be able to look behind and beyond these externals. The combination of earnestness with a witty manner they simply can not grasp; the humor which is used to light and point and expose a human predicament, a social situation which is in itself dreadful, they can not comprehend. a a a Think, or Be Destroyed "TT is a logical question whether a species so fundamentaily stupid is worth saving. Os course, in the end, they must leam to thjnk, or else be destroyed; which is to be is still a matter of doubt. The gods appear to be neutral in the matter, or perhaps they are not really neutral, but only seem to be in order to emphasize the necessity for the crowds learning to think for themselves. •Personally, I incline to be optimistic; I think the present setup of so-called civilization is on the way out. whether bloodily or abruptly, or gradually end peacefully is no great matter after it has passed out. The old phrase, that the voice of the people is the voice of God. is perhaps the greatest libel against Divinity ever published. My advice (which you haven’t asked fori is to keep on being just w’hat you are. Your value lies in sanity and balance and your occasional levities accentuate your essential gravity of intention." Mr. X added a postcript. in which he said, "Here’s part of a column for you. Don’t use my name or it will look like log-rolling.” Mr. X happens to be my favorite American humorist. I edited his communication in a few places in order to dull the edge of its friendliness. I think we understand each other and that we are both wrong. Os course the word "humorist ’ should not suggest to anybody that feeble phrase. ‘‘A Funny Man.'* . , Mr. X has succeeded in being a great deal more amusing and also far more moving than I ever have been He wrote a farce which was hugely successful and a tragedy which failed. The tragedy was closer to his heart. a a a Kail the Flag BUT since Mr. X and I are serious-minded people fundamentally we should not indulge ourselves in the sport of being frivolous. Possibly X should because he docs it so well. But I m afraid there is a particular hell reserved for those who honestly and r~uly talk their hearts out in some company or other and then in sudden fright at the apathy or hostility of those assembled exclaim. "Please don’t take me too seriously.” Quite possibly Peter backed up his famous disavowal by saying, "and that reminds me of the story of the two Samaritans.” I think that X is unjust in feeling that people are dull and stupid if they take a man at his face value It is not unreasonable that philosophers or frigates should be judged by the colors which they fly' The privilege of hoisting the proper and essential ensign at the last minute has been reser\ed in history for buccaneers and pirates. More honest men should be expected to nail their flag to the mast even before hostilities have begun. Humor is camouflage. It is the resort of the publicist who remains in doubt s to which flag he wishes to flv. Quite obviously I am in sympathy with all those who are in the same boat in which I travel. We are members of the crew of the nt* particularly good ship "Almost Persuaded.” We should not be severe with those who can not entirely grasp our intentions Since we ourselves remain in doubt. They have every right to receive our quips with unsmiling faces and to remark with a certain frigidness. "Make up your minds.” (Corvrlght. 1934. bv The Times!

Your Health by DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

'<*rOU need salt not just to season your food and X make it palatable, but to make up for the great loss of this important element from your body when you perspire. This becomes all the more important if you happen to be working at a trade that causes considerable perspiration, such as those in bakeries, in laundries. in kitchens and furnace rooms. It has been found that the lass of large amounts of salt in the sweat is probably the chief reason for heat cramps and heat exhaustion. This type of exhaustion develops more frequently during summer, but you should also be prepared against it even in winter, where heat is a serious factor in a person's occupation. Should any one in such work become suddenly faint, put him flat on his back at once, keep him warm, rub any muscles that may be involved in cramps and give him hot coflee as a stimulant. Os course, you should also send for a doctor at once, so that the exact nature of the fainting attack may be determined. a a a BUT. as I have said, you’ll find that probably the chief reason for the fainting spell is the lack of sufficient salt in the system, by its loss through sweat. To overcome this cause, it is now customary to make up the loss of salt by having available small tablets which contain about one gram, or fifteen grains of table salt. You dissolve this in a glass of water each time you take a drink. Records are now available from a great many Industrial plants and they show that almost every case of heat cramps and heat exhaustion has been eliminated when the workers made use of these tablets. a a a THE worker should, of course, be protected as much as possible against heat exhaustion and heat cramps by proper arrangement of his environment. We have not yet come to the place where furnace rooms are air conditioned, but it is possible, by means of exhaust fans, by suitable facilities of ventilation and recreation, to give workers in industries where thev are subjected to heat, opportunity for short periods away from the heat, during which their bodies will get a chance to recover from the strain and stress of work under such conditions. The human body is quite capable of taking care of itself if given half a chance. A man who works a few hours and has a rest period can then undertake additional hours of work, whereas continuous effort under such conditions might lead to serious physical disturbances.

conservatives have <in the majority of cases* the mental power to think through a thousand words and get '.hat a man’s ideas really are. It is the manner, the scenery, the whiskers, which they look at; the externals get the label, whatever the label is. A villain should be dressed so and so. a hero in such-and-such fashion, a character man or a comic should have this-er-that make-up; all should be familiar. conventional, usual, traditional; then they understand. "Conventional symbols,

$750,000,000 FOR DROUGHT BALM

Food Prices Sure to Jump, but U. S. Will ‘Handle ’ Profiteers

Thi U the third es of four i irtlrloa tolltnr In dt*il of the grrmt rampairn ohirb lb* federal *ovrnment i* vactnr for drought relief. In which *I.V.non.(MM will be ipent. BY RODNEY' DITCHER \EA Service Staff Writer (Copvrigtit. 1934 NEA Service. Inc.) WASHINGTON. Aug. 27—Is the great drought going to bring higher food prices? You bet it is! Are the enemies of the New D*al going to make the last possible ounce of political capital out of that fact? You said it! Will Roosevelt and the AAA resort to every possible device of legitimate counter - propaganda and strain every brain-muscle to keep those prices down? Right! Whereupon, we consumers who struggle along on limited incomes —and especially those who just about manage to keep off the relief rolls—may well ask: "So what?” Well, all your correspondent knows is what people tell him and if there’s any one in the AAA department of agriculture set-up—-where most of the thinking, calculating, and worrying goes on—with whom he hasn't talked, soulfully and confidentially, these last few days, let that person reveal himself at once! a a a YOU may have noticed that official statements, if not downright optimistic —and yet vague—have carefully veered away from definite predictions as to just how badly were going to be soaked. The rather impressive confidential reasons for that are that no one can be very sure about it; that everybody remembers all the Hoover predictions that never came true —and hates to be caught in any similar trap—that there’s no sense in giving the enemy political ammunition sooner than you have to. and—most importantly_that such predictions, either as to specific food prices or the general level, are likely to encourage profit-greedy handlers of food to boost their prices much sooner and much higher than the situation justifies. But the word will soon be getting around that the brains of AAA—and they’re the best brains in town—have agreed on a be-tween-us-boys guess that the average of food prices will gradually rise to 15 per cent above the present level; that the increase shouldn't be more than 5 per cent by December, and that the peak will be reached late next winter or in early spring. But you don’t have to pay that 15 per cent. Everybody agrees

The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen “

WASHINGTON, Aug. 27.—Some of those expecting a lot of dynamite from the munitions investigation are being disappointed. The secret inquiry made by the senate committee’s staff this summer is uncovering no great sensations . . . One trouble is that the committee put to work a lot of college boys who are susceptible to being buffaloed by big munitions executives . . . Another of the President’s family Is planning to take up permanent residence in the capital. His second son. Elliott, soon will open an aviation office in Washington.

Friends are quietly conducting a house hunt and great efforts are being made to keep the matter secret.. Cordell Hull probably has conducted more tight-lipped diplomacy than any secretary of state in years. Asked whether his vacation plans were a secret, he replied: “I never had a secret in my life.” 000 THE government just has put a quiet, but firm, halt to the scheme of an ambitious whisky distiller. He proposed marketing several brands of liquor under the trade names "Notre Dame” and "Knute Rockne.” the great university’s late football coach. Thousands of protests were received, causing Washington authorities to step in. 000 THE dispute between the A. F. of L. and the U. S. Chamber of Commerce over whether there are seven or ten million unemployed in the country has been quietly seized upon by the labor department and FERA to demand a nation-wide unemployment census. A proposal for such a survey was killed by Republican opposition in the senate last session, on the ground that it was a Democratic patronage grab. The plan now is to offer it early at the coming session, force action promptly so as to prevent a last minute filibuster. 000 Herbert hoover is serving as a vice-president to Franklin D. Roosevelt. These strange bedfellows are brought together as national officers of the American Red'Cross, whose president is always the President of the United States. There is a second vice-president Charles Evans Hughes. . . . Shades of the past come together in the name of the agricultural departments economic adviser —Calvin Hoover. Calling at his office one morning, a confused cotton farmer asked to see "Mr. Herbert Coolidge.” 0 0 0 POSTMASTER - GENERAL FARLEY'S boast that his department had closed the fiscal year with a $5,000,000 surplus has started a movement in congressional quarters for a return of the 2-eent stamp. . . . Lloyd Garrison, dynamic 37-vear-old chairman of the new national labor relations board, was a Harvard classmate of Quentin Roosevelt, the late "Teddy's” younger son, shot down over the German lines. 000 THE women's committee of Louisiana, inveterate foe of Kmgfish Long, has hired "Johnny’’ Holland, red-headed former senate committee investigator, to direct its war against the state’s political over-lord. For many years associated with the late crusading senator Tom Walsh, Holland created a sensation last year by publicly—and to Huey s face—calling him a "rat” ... No

that there should be plenty of food, of one kind or another, for all hands. If you insist on maintaining your present ration of meat, you’ll pay through the nose. Meats probably will be up 20 to 40 per cent soon after the first of the year, with choicest cuts prohibitive for most families. But many other foods should keep relatively near their present levels and you can beat the game by reverting to those wartime "meatless days.” Anyway, food costs are only about a third of the average individual's cost of living. tt u n IT may also console you to know that even the worst pessimists among informed economists are certain that the highest possibe average food price increase between now and next summer will not equal the percentage increase since the New Deal began with the inauguration of President Roosevelt. Whether you’ve noticed it or not, retail food prices now average 22 per cent higher than in April, 1933, and most of the difference has gone to the farmers. Chief increases have come in meats, butter, cheese, and cereal products. President Roosevelt and Secretary Henry A. Wallace have served notice that they’ll wage war against any profiteers who stick their heads above the justified price levels. They have the power to influence prices through marketing agreements, NRA codes, and the privilege of going into the market and buying and distributing as they like. There really isn’t much they can’t do—if they want to. But unless the price situation gets too serious—or the political reaction too dangerous—they will rely on publicity to save consumers from gouging. If you want to keep track of fair price increases as distinguished froiq unfair increases, consult Dr. Frederick C. Howe, consumers’ counsel in the AAA, famous leader of innumerable preNew Deal popular battles against profiteering and other forms of special privilege. To Dr. Howe is delegated the job of studying farm prices and food supplies in relation to retail prices, encouraging an intelligent skepticism toward butchers, grocers, and middlemen and spreading information on exorbitant food price boosts and how to recognize them. tt tt u Effectiveness of this sort of thing was demonstrated last year when Dr. Howe and assistant consumers’ counsel Thomas C. Blaisdell—brilliant young Columbia university econ-

matter how hot the weather, lowa-born Secretary Wallace still clings to woolen clothes. . . . He peels his coat and works in shirtsleeves, but light-weight linens are not for him. (Copyright. 1934. by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

COUNTY ROAD LEVY IS URDEDJIY CLUB Motor Group Backs Move of Commissioners. The Hoosier Motor Club, through its secretary-manager, Todd Stoops, today backed the county commissioners in their efforts to obtain a county tax levy of $75,000 for road work in 1935, in addition to $120,000 which will be received from the state for that purpose. ‘‘Considering the fact that 90 cents out of every dollar spent on the roads goes for labor, it would seem foolish to neglect the roads and give the same amount of money for poor relief,” Mr. Stoops said. "Money spent for road labor will help many poverty-stricken families financially and enable them to maintain their self-respect,” Mr. Stoops asserted. FERGUSON FOE WINS NOMINATION IN TEXAS Young Attorney-General Conceded Democratic Choice. By United Press DALLAS, Tex., Aug. 27.—James V. Allred, arch enemy of Fergusonism, today held the Democratic nomination as successor to Governor Miriam A. Ferguson of Texas. Victory’ over Tom Hunter in Saturday's runoff primary was tantamount to election. The regular election Nov. 6 will be a mere formality and on Jan. 1, the 34-year-old attorney-general will supplant the Governor whose policies he has fought for years. Returns from 246 of the 254 counties, 149 of them complete, today gave Allred 481,520 votes; Hunter, 434,593. 17 REUNIONS ARE HELD 7,000 Attend Outings Sunday at Garfield Park. Seventeen families were represented at family reunions in Garfield park Sunday, where more than 7.000 persons attended reunions and picnics. Annual reunions included the Utterback. Park, Gibbs. Stewart, Bonner, Kennick, Aliss, Pottenger, Warden, Treese, Vailing, Harber, Tressler, Campbell, Shelton, Talleron and Harron families.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

If the nation’s consumers are victims of profiteers’ rocketing prices next winter and spring, it won t be the fault of this trio, working constantly to prevent just that. Left to right, they are Dr. Thomas C. Blaisdell, AAA assistant consumers’ counsel; Dr. Frederick C. Howe, consumers’ counsel, and Miss Mary Taylor, editor of Consumers’ Guide.

omist—publicised bread price changes in relation to ingredient costs and headed off what seemed a threat of general unwarranted price boosts. The “Consumers’ Guide,” a biweekly illustrated magazine published by Dr. Howe’s pffice, will analyze in simplified form the findings of economists and statisticians as to relations between retail and farm prices—using as its chief yardstick the margin between the two —explain the relative importance of foods in the average diet, give rules for economical buying, and even tell you how to prepare the cheaper foods attractively. Anticipating a huge demand for this publication from housewives, the AAA is expanding its facilities to permit a much larger circulation. Just to bring you up to date, it appears that there will be no shortage of at least two-thirds of the foods that go into the average diet and that in some categories there will be more than the normal supply. Canning crops are about 16 per cent above normal and there are normal or above-normal supplies of wheat, rice, citrus fruits and melons, vegetables, sugar, milk, and cream. Pork, is about 70 per cent normal, beans and peas about 95. And in the 90 per cent normal class, according to the bureau of home economics, are other fruits, potatoes, butter, eggs, cheese, lard and poultry.

HOUSING ACT PRESS COMMITTEE NAMED Paul Richey Heads City C. of C. Group. Essential features of the national housing act will be brought forcibly to the attention of the public through a publicity committee headed by Paul Q. Richey, president and secretary of the Russel M. Seeds Company, the Chamber of Commerce advisory committee has announced. The nation-wide effort to stimulate home modernization will be launched early in September. Member banks of the Indianapolis Clearing House Association have pledged full co-operation under the new law and all are expected to accept its provisions which guarantee a proportion of loans made under the act. Business places will be urged by the advisory committee to improve their establishments with federal aid. CITY WOMAN IS SUICIDE Leaves Burial in., * .ions Before Taking Poison. Mrs. Ethel Miller, 42, of 1203 North Meridian street, died in city hospital late yesterday of poison taken earlier in the day. She left a note giving burial instructions. The husband, Arthur L. Miller, administered first aid treatment and rushed Mrs. Miller to the hospital. The coroner's office listed the death as a suicide.

SIDE GLANCES

Hjsbssas&.ssr-' i-; Q j&. j f. -l i ’-£• n {i l-:X .. ■ I ■ '■ • '*' /w *S6 v 5 car off"" ~ * f “Oh, your father has invited some of HIS friends to our a anniversary party.’*

THERE’S plenty of beef and lamb now, but these meats will become relatively scarce and costly this winter as farm animals become fewer and skinnier. (Pork prices already have shot up, and will go higher, but you might remember that not long ago they were at 38 per cent of pre-war.) Next year’s feed and pasturage will fatten the cattle, but there will be some shortage for the next couple of years—even though there never was an AAA cattle reduction program—and prices will be high through 1935 and 1936. The quality of meat will be so lowered that ‘“best cuts” are likely to become rarities. Prepare for a lot of tough steaks—if you can still afford them! The feed shortage and reduction of cows will boost milk and other dairy products. Milk should not rise more than 2 cents a quart. Butter prices will be stopped by imports if they go over 30 cents wholesale, but don't be surprised to find yourself paying around 40 cents a pound. Poultry and eggs also will be up considerably in the next twelve months. Canned goods, fresh fruits and vegetables and other goods not dependent on the animal-feed supply shouldn’t rise very much. Bread is likely to be up a cent a loaf, partly due to other factors than drought. Grain speculators will be watched carefully.

THE NATIONAL ROUNDUP an a a a By Ruth Finney

WASHINGTON, Aug. 27.—Industries in which any considerable amount of home work exists may be the first to lose tariff protection when the administration starts making reciprocal trade agreements. This was indicated today as other departments of the government rallied around NRA, under attack for its efforts to end home work and the 2 and 3 cents an hour wage rates which accompany it.

When the reciprocal trade program was before congress, administration officials said that if any industries had to be sacrificed in the effort to increase foreign trade, uneconomic ones would be chosen. Soon after that FERA began investigating to find which industries habitually pay less than a living wage, necessitating public relief for their workers. The women’s bureau followed with a study of home work, and now reports that women questioned by them had average earnings of $4.75 a week. "Home work is a parastitic industry,” the bureau concluded. “Obviously women who earn such low wages can not be self-sup-porting. They must be subsidized either by the earnings of other members of the family or, if there is no other breadwinner, by public or private charity. "Many women who do home work are, as a matter of fact, on the rolls of family welfare agencies receiving money relief because their earnings are inade-

By George Clark

REMEMBER that the extremes of the emergency won't be felt until next winter and spring, which seems a bless:.ng to an administration which has a congressional election to face in November, and that some of taese predictions may well prove cockeyed, because there never was a situation in which so many foods were affected. On the latter point, however, you can brace yourself with the knowledge that the relatively abundant cereal grains contribute about a third of the energy and protein content of a normal diet, while meat contributes less than a fourth of the protein and about 15 per cent of the energy. There will be regional and local scarcities, resulting in complicated distribution problems, as well as consumption shifts designed to ease the cast burden. The percentage of canned and cured meat to fresh meat will rise and lots of us will be eating more vegetables and fruits. Economists are mighty curious as to ( the ultimate effects of these shifts'. They recall that “wheatless days” in the war resulted in a lasting per capita consumption cut of five to four and one-half bushels, along with more or less similar reductions in other cereals in favor of more sugar, dairy products and fresh vegetables. They wonder whether wheat will regain some of its last popularity, at the expense of meat. NEXT The effect of this drought on the AAA p’rogram and the future of agriculture.

quate even for the bare neccssitis of living.” ' 000 THE report paid special attention to the lace industry, one of those suggested for study by Agriculture Secretary Henry Wallace in his discussion of reciprocal trade agreements. It quotes the Connecticut department of labor, which found that lace makers were paid from $3.38 to $4.20 a ■week during a test period and that this represented the earnings not of one person, but of a whole family. Twenty-five per cent of the families were receiving aid from organized charity, and others were getting private help. The national child labor committee made its own study of home work this spring and found that children between 8 and 15 years old were being pressed into service bending wires, cutting pussy-willows, folding strings, separating tags, and cutting, pasting and stringing petals. States began legislating against home work years ago on the ground that diseased workers might endanger the health of those buying their products. NRA, approaching the problem from the standpoint of fair wages, succeeded in having prohibitions against home work included in eighty-five codes. Twenty-eight others in which home work is utilized have codes which are silent on the subject.

COUNTY DEMOCRATS TO OPEN CAMPAIGN FRIDAY Rally to Be Held at Tomlinson Hall by Club. The Marion county Democratic campaign will be opened officially Friday night with a rally at Tomlinson hall sponsored by the Cosmopolitan Democratic Club. Preceding the rally at 7:15 will be musical entertainment. Dr. Will Smith Jr., is general chairman. SECOND TERM IS HELD Indianapolis Students Attending Indiana U. Course. William Breen, Velma Hacker, John Haramy, Bruce Kendall, Martha Melick, Kenneth Mitchell and Christine Wente, all of Indianapolis, are among the 176 students attending the annual threeweeks course at Indiana university which follows the regular summer session.

Indianapolis Tomorrow

Rotary Club, luncheon, Claypool. University Club, luncheon, Columbia Club. Gyro Club, luncheon, SpinkArms. Mercator Club, luncheon, Columbia Club. Architectural Club, luncheon, Architects and Builders building.

Fdir Enough nEiift CHICAGO. Aug. 27 —The private office of John J. Coughlin is across the street from the Chicago city hall and one flight up. Mr. Coughlin, known as “Bathhouse John,” or simply. "The Bath." is one of Chicago’s elder statesmen. He has been, over the years, an important cultural influence on the city. He has written much poetry which good critics describe as “remarkable.” A unique quality of his poetry is that it reads as well backward or both ends toward the middle, as forward. He is rather proud of his

poem on the end of prohibition, which goes: After all these years of grief With patience to endure Marking time for beer to cure The drys thinking it was time to laugh Never losing the American spirit of good cheer While fighting for our glass of beer Never flinching in the battle Now we hear the dry bones rattie “That one is pretty good.” he said, rummaging in his papers, "but I wish I could find the one about the spring styles

and fashions. That one was better. That was a damn swell poem.” You will hear sinister whispers in literary circles In Chicago that Bathhouse does not write his poetry in person, but, that newspaper reporters do it and put his name to it. Shakespeare has been similarly slandered and Mr. Coughlin pays no mind to the whispering campaign. tt n tt Organ Lessons—Path to Success MR. COUGHLIN’S office is rather untidy and has about it the gloomy air and jumbled aspect of those lawyers’ offices which Charles Dickens wrote about. There is an ancient teller's wicket in the partition and, in an ante-room, visible through the door, are sacks of potatoes and bread which the statesman doles out to his pepole. Mr. Coughlin, himself, at 68, has white hair ol a rather yellowish or ivory tinge cut in the old-fash-ioned bartender's shoe-brush fashion. His white eye brows would be bushy except that he keeps them clipped down to bristles. His tie is carelessly knotted and, like his gray suit, is spotted here and there for Mr. Coughlin is rough-and-ready rather than fastidious. He discussed his career and the state of the nation. “I got started running a bath house myself.” said he. "It was the first all-night Turkish bath. in America. So they called me ‘Bath House John.’ I don’t mind it. It’s all right. I had the best people in Chicago. I had George M. Pullman and General Phil Sheridan and all the sports and gamblers in town. “I took organ lessons when I was a kid. I learned to recite, too, and I had a good clear voice so it gave me confidence to get up and make a speech and that is how I got started. a a a Truck Business — l,ooo Per cent “TT was loyalty that held the ward for us,” said Mr. A Coughlin. “Loyalty is what counts. One election day they transferred the cops out of our ward and brought in a lot of new cops from another ward. As our cops were going out they met the other ones coming in and they all said, ‘Don’t forget to take care of good old John.’ Loyalty, see? “All we have got to do is give President Roosevelt a chance. We have been so deep in the hole that we never saw times as bad as these except in 1931 and 1932. Certain sections are a thousand per cent financially, now. The bottle and stamp and label business are a thousand per cent. You see new beer trucks going all day so the truck business is a thousand per cent.” Mr. Coughlin is for clean elections, prosperity and President Roosevelt, a thousand per cent. “I wish,” h? said, hopelessly, "I could find that poem about the spring styles and fashions. I think that was the best one. It ought to be around here but I can’t find it and I can’t even remember how it goes.” (Copyright, 1934, by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

THAT many bacteria are the enemies of mankind is well-known and many men have won medals and decorations for their courage in combatting and spying upon these hostile microbes. But there are other microbes which are the friends of man and this week the announcement has been made of the award of a medal to a scientist who has devoted his time to the study of these friendly germs. Columbia university has just announced the award of the Chandler medal, one of the highest honors in the world of chemistry, to Dr. Jacob Goodale Lipman, dean of agriculture at Rutgers university and director of the New Jersey agricultural experiment station. Dr. Lipman, one of the world’s best known agricultural chemists, was given the medal chiefly because of his work to determine the chemical action of the bacteria contained in soils. A native of Latvia. Dr. Lipman began his study of the science of soils on a New Jersey farm. The medal will be formally presented to him at a conclave of leading scientists at Columbia university in November. Farmers appreciate the importance of the nature of soils. City dwellers, unless they are garden enthusiasts, usually do not have so keen an appreciation of the situation. 000 DR. LIPMAN has studied the complex relationships between growing plants, the constituents of the soils in which they grow, and the role of the bacteria in the soil. "His work on the determination of the nature of the chemical action produced by bacteria in making both organic and inorganic components of soils j available for plant food had been of great importance to agriculture all over the world,” according to the announcement of the medal committee of which Professor A. W. Hixson is chairman. "He introduced certain conceptions in the field of soil bacteriological chemistry that have been shown to be fundamental in the practical handling of soils. “His researches on the utilization of nitrogen by plants, especially upon the soil reactions that influence the availability of nitrogen to plants are outstanding contributions. “He did noteworthy work on the problem of sweetening salt marshes. His chemical studies of the peat and muck deposits of New Jersey have enabled that state to develop a large commercial humus industry.” 000 DR LIPMAN'S parents were both natives of the Baltic region, coming from a province which is now part of the republic of Latvia. He was educated in Russia. The family moved to the United States in 1888. His father purchased a farm in Cape May county, New Jersey, and young Lipman had three years of experience as a farmer before entering Rutgers college in 1894. In 1901, he organized the department of soil chemistry and bacteriology for the state of New Jersey, in 1911, he was made director of the New Jersey experiment station and in 1915, he was appointed dean of the college of agriculture at Rutgers university. Dr. Lipman has represented the United State* at international congresses dealing with agriculture and related subjects. He was elected the first president of the International Society of Soil Science and was president of the first international Congress of Social Science, held in Washington in 1927.

Questions and Answers

Q —Who was Cilnius Maecenas? A—A wealthy Roman in the time of Virgil, patron of arts and letters. Q —To what church does Admiral Byrd belong? A—Protestant Episcopal

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