Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 90, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 August 1934 — Page 17

It-Jeemr io Me HEVWOW MIN IN Germany, where the professors are persistent, a learned doctor has undertaken to prove that dogs know words. It Is the contention of Professor Emanuel Sarris of the Institute for Environmental Research that with proper training a pet may be conditioned to comprehend a vocabulary of twentyfive nouns and a slightly smaller number of verbs. Dogs are not good at adjectives and to them prepositions are merely things with which to end a sentence. The learned research man will

do well to watch his step and not incur the displeasure of Herr Hitler. This is Just a suggestion that his experiments may tend to show up the German population, which under Der Fuehrer is expected to know only one word and that the short one “Ja.” In defiance of this fact Dr. Sarris has endeavored to demonstrate that dogs have minds of their own. And instead of making the path to knowledge easy the savant littered it with boulders. It is his contention that the canine ear is sensitive and not to be confused by

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Heywood Broun

similar sounds. Thus out of his school pack he chose three, which were christened Paris. Haris and Arts. My own blunt hearing never would be able to distinguish between these words. If I were an airedale named Haris and I heard the voice of authority calling ‘ Arts" I undoubtedly would answer, "Present, teacher,” and get back to gnawing on my mutton bone. man The Trick’s Remarkable THIS was not the case with the brilliant dogs of Hamburg. When Dr. Sarris shouted out, ••Paris” neither Aris nor Haris would so much as twitch a muscle. Both realized that they were not being paged. To one who, with difficulty, only can distinguish between ‘l'm always chasing rainbows” and something by Chopin the trick seems remarkable. But the Phi Beta Kappa hounds of Hamburg have even greater wisdom in reserve. They learned to distinguish other words such as meat, stick, basket, chair and table. They fell down only on such abstractions as truth, beauty, virtue, charm and liberty. And who could blame a German dog if the word “liberty” aroused in his mind some slight confusion. Aris, I imagine, was the genius of the lot. He topped both Paris and Haris by a hair in creative impulse and a capacity to accept leadership. In the report by Science Service I read. “Aris was taken into a room in the institute where he never had been before. ‘On the chair’ commanded his master without moving a muscle. Aris ran all around the room searching and stopped finally at a chair turned over on its side, looking dubiously at it for a few seconds. Then he jumped on top of it.” m a a He's Learning Greek , Too THAT we must all grant was pretty bright of Ans. Still, I would not call it tops. An even tougher test would have been to take Aris into a living room after some modern interior decorator had worked his will upon it. The dog should have been allowed to sniff about, within reason, among the strange architectural contraptions and then told “On the chair, Aris.” If the poor beleaguered beagle, under those circumstances, could have told the chair from the writing table or the double bed he would indeed would be the dog without a peer. Yet even under the schedule adopted the tribulations of Arts were many and confusing. I submit another section of the report: “Aris was sung to in Greek. In the midst of the song one of the words he knows was inserted, but it was sung in the same tone and rhythm as the rest of the poem. Aris recognized it at once and acted accordingly. Later he learned the Greek word for it." Personally, I think it is a mistake for an Airdedale to go in for the dead languages. While it may increase the skill and charm of his style I think it is fair to say that the average dog likely is to find Greek of no particular practical use in later life. I will admit again that the Hamburg hounds arouse my interest and admiration, but they fall far short of par in truly intelligent performance. If Aris and Haris and Paris really were bright they would walk right out of the studio of Dr. Sarris and gallop along until they found Adolf Hitler. Having located Der Fuehrer. I think it would be very sagacious if Aris and Haris and Paris proceeded to bite him severely in the seat of the pants. Then they would be indeed immortal dogs. iCoprright. 1934. br The Tlmesi

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

THE postman this morning left a book upon my desk which belongs in the library of every astronomical enthusiast and every high school and college in the country. I was able to start writing this review as quickly as I had unwrapped the book because I have been watching this book take shape since May, 1925. It bears the simple title. ‘'Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets.” In the mountains of the Pacific coast stand some of the world's greatest astronomical observatories. There is Mt. Wilson with its 100-inch telescope, the largest now in existence. There is the Dominion astrophysical observatory with its seventv-two-inch telescope, the second largest in the world. There also is the Lick observatory on Mt. Hamilton, another famous astronomical center. Astronomers of these various institutions and laymen. both on the Pacific coast and elsewhere throughout the nation, are banded together into a unique organization, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. This society came into existence through the co-operation of professional astronomers and laymen in the observation of the eclipse of the sun visible in central California on Jan. 1, 1889. m a b FOR forty-five years that happy association of professional astronomer and amateur enthusiast has continued. To meet the needs of its amateur members, the publication of a series of "Leaflets” was begun in 1925 under the editorship of Bernard Benfield and C. H. Adams. Each leaflet is a small, four-page affair. But it deals with a subject which is of interest at the time and is written by a world-famous astronomer. At first these were issued at irregular intervals, but the response to them was so hearty that it was decided to issue them bi-monthly. The value of each lies not only in the fact that it is simply written for the nontechnical reader, but that it is up-to-the-minute. It makes it possible, therefore, for the reader to keep step with the progress of astronomy. Since May. 1925. the society has published sixtyseven of these leaflets. The first fifty are collected together into the present book. The book is profusely illustrated with excellent photographs and diagrams. a a a WHAT the book is. then, is a collection of fifty short articles or essays, each one dealing with the latest developments In some particular branch of astronomy, and well illustrated with photographs or diagrams. Each one is written by a recognized astronomer. The titles of some of the articles and the names ?f their authors will sene to illustrate the character of the book: •'How Far Away Is That Star and How Do You Know?” by Dr. Robert G. Aitken. associate director of the Lick Observatory. "The Magellanic Clouds.” bv Dr. Isabel M. Lewis of the United States Naval Observatory. The Pleiades," by Dr. Robert J. Trumpler of the Lick Obsenatory. "Exploring the Depths of Space.” by Dr. Edwin P. Hubble of the Mt. Wilson Obsenatory. "Eclipsing Stars.” by Dr. Alfred H Joy of the Mt. Wilson Obsenatory. Tile subject matter of the articles ranges over the entire field of modern astronomy and answers those questions which the amateur is most likely to ask. And, let me repeat, it is clearly and simply written in nontechnical language-

The Indianapolis Times

p rll L*a*ed Wire Service of the United Pre* Association

$750,000,000 FOR DROUGHT BALM

U. S. Ready to Spend Huge Sum in Drought Relief Fight

This U the flrit of seriei of four article*. |ltln( a tomprehensive aummarr of what the federal government la doiac to combat condition* rnultinc from the mot disastrous drought in the nation * hi*tory. BY RODNEY DUTCHER ME A Service Staff Writer ICopyrlKht. 1934. NEA Service. Inc.) WASHINGTON, Aug. 24.—The United States government is up to its ears in the greatest effort ever directed at amelioration of a natural catastrophe. It's as hard to envision this vast, far-flung attack as it is to comprehend the seriousness and spread of the greaf drought itself. The weather used to be Just the farmer’s hard luck—unless Washington happened to get his freight rates reduced or lent him a little more money for seed. The present unparalleled drought, threatening interference with recovery and badly frightening an administration sworn to raise farm prices by a threat of food prices far too high, is being handled on an entirely different basis. At least $750,000,000 will be spent before the federal effort is over and we'll be seeing the most enormous operation of food and feed conservation of all time. Look at the drought map to see the area involved —1,076 “emergency counties” in twenty-two states, including all counties in Kansas, Nevada, the Dakotas, Oklahoma, and Utah, and 341 “secondary” drought counties. Nearly half the counties in the United States! Our great so-called federal bureaucracy is meeting a mighty test of its flexibility, ingenuity, speed, and adaptability to new emergency conditions. Several agencies in the “alphabet soup” are involved. ana THE extensive new powers granted the New Deal by congress are coming in handy, not only for farmers, but for the rest of us whose pocketbooks are affected by many current measures of conservation and prevention. The man in charge of all this is President Roosevelt himself, making the chief decisions and allocating the $525,000,000 voted by congress for drought relief. Here’s the set-up below him: The AAA and department of agriculture under Secretary Henry A. Wallace are buying millions of cattle and sheep to be removed from the commercial market and joining in a huge feed-forage program of conservation and distribution necessitated by the fact that the most desperate problem is primarily one of animal food rather than human food. Livestock left on farms won’t have much more than 50 per cent or normal feed requirements and compulsory rationing is a possibility. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration is enlarging grants to states for water and food relief, expanding its work program in drought states, and

The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen -

TUPELO, Miss., Aug. 24.—The south is lapping up Socialism without knowing it. Socialism is a stark word in these parts. It is associated with Semiticism, Communism, lack of chivalry to women, and other things that send men riding forth in white robes on moonlight nights. But call it Socialism, government ownership, or what you will, the fart remains that a vast area adjacent to the Tennessee valley is clamoring for its advantages.

And this is what makes the TVA experiment so important. It is the proving ground for the gradually growing fight, bound to get more intense, between government operation and private operation. between Socialism and capitalism. It is a laborary by which Bonneville and Grand Coulee and all the rest of Roosevelt's powerplanning projects may be tested. Originally. TVA did not plan to expand so rapidly. It planned a "yardstick” by which private electric power could be measured against government rates. It contemplated working out the experiment in Knoxville and a few towns near Norris dam; together with Tupelo. Corinth and Athens, near Wilson dam. But the 'yardstick'’ is getting out of hand. And the strange part of it is that the expansion is forced not by the three brain trust directors of TVA, but by the solid folk of the solid south. a a a TVA reckoned without the host —without the host of towns which clamor for cheap power rates. Some are within transmission range of TVA. Some are not. But their clamor is just as loud. In point ol age. TVA is a mere baby. But the word regarding it has gone round with the fervor of a gospel message. Every one has heard about Tupelo, first town to get the benefits of TVA current. And the city clerk here has got out his yellow account sheets many times to tell the story of what TVA has done for the city treasury. ‘ The people are burning 82 per cent more electricity and paying half as much for it,” he says. "The rate has dropped from 10 cents per kilowatt hour to 3 cents. And for this power the city, which owns the distributing system, pays TVA only 54 mills. It pockets the profits between this and the 3 cents. Asa result its income has skyrocketed.” a a a BYHALIA. Miss., is 170 miles from Muscle Shoals. But the comer dry goods store bears a notice tacked on a shutter, announcing that the borough ald’rmen "have determined upon a reconsideration of rates for electric current.” Jackson, Miss., 1 beyond TVA

Counties for wliich emergency and secondary relief has been designated by the federal government are shown in the map above.

launching a great campaign which will employ tens of thousands of distressed rural folks fit rooting in the fields for stubble and weeds badly needed for forage. an n ITS Federal Surplus Relief Corporation kills and cans 50,000 head of cattle a day to build up a reserve for needy unemployed against w-inter, when meat prices will scoot up, and to protect the rest of us from even higher prices which, that reserve will prevent. The Farm Credit Association, working with $100,000,000 from the congressional grant—w'hich is not enough—lends for seed, feed, summer fallowing, etc., while trying to see that the government pays enough for cattle to protect its existing loans. The Citizens’ Conservation Corps has turned its tools to drought work in a program for ■which it already has received $20,000.000. The Commodity Credit Corporation is advancing $10,000,000 of RFC money to finance purchase and orderly holding and marketing of hides, easing the present market glut, averting a subsequent certain shortage, and turning some over to FSRC for processing into relief shoes. But to get a more detailed picture of the activities directed from Washington, come down to the big buildings housing the department of agriculture and the AAA, where the executive staff and at least a dozen bureaus and committees are working hard on the drought. ana THE AAA commodity purchase section directs the cattle buying—at a rate of 70.0Q0 a day for Federal Surplus Relief Corporation canning and shipments to pasture—and has purchased 2,000,000 bushels of wheat, durum, oats and barley for seed, with more to come, including some from Canada. The department’s extension service, with its county agents everywhere and alliances with agricultural colleges, plays a general role in all operations, aiding livestock purchases, exchanging information between Washington and farmers, and reporting on

transmission range, therefore is unable to secure its power. But its citizens recently discovered that they were sitting on top of a natural gas field, and now some propose that TVA set up anew generating plant at Jackson, powered by gas instead of falling water. Stumping politicians throughout Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi get a big hand at every town or crossroads when they proclaim: “I'm for TVA.” This popularity, of course, has aroused intense bitterness. It comes from a small minority, and perhaps is more virulent for that reason. Said an official of the Mississippi Power and Light Company: ‘‘TVA has hurt us plenty. It is making the people rate-con-scious.” a st a BITTERNESS is especially intense on the part of power interests in Knoxville where the Tennessee Public Service Company was forced to sell its distributing system to TVA. Power interests claim this was a “brazen exhibition of ruthlessness,” that the government is squeezing private business to the wall. Unquestionably part of this is true. Private power—in this area at least—is being squeezed to the wall. But in the case of the Tennessee Public Service, TVA actually proved a rescuer. For Knoxville proposed to set up a competing distributing system, had Public Works funds with which to do it. when TVA offered to buy out the Public Service Company. Henry L. Stimson, former secretary of state, negotiated the deal. He dickered with TVA Director David E. Lilien'hal. Stimson put up a plea for the investors who had bought Tennessee Public Service stocks and bonds. His argument was convincing. He asked a total of $6 000.000 from the government. Mr. Lilienthal kept a poker face, said he would consider it. Inwardly he smiled. He had come to the conference prepared to offer a top of 56.500.000 if it had become necessary. Mr. Lilienthal. young, dimpled, is a hard-fisted crusader. He lo”es a battle. The other two directors, both named Morgan, each old

INDIANAPOLIS, FRIDAY, AUGUST 24,1934

need and availability of pasture in dozens of states. The Bureau of Animal Industry’s agents decide which animals are fit to ship, cull herds and save bulls which will preserve the best strains. They have visited more than 200,000 farms, checked mure than 10,000,000 head of cattle, and approved more than 3,000,000 for purchase, certified 54,000 carloads—about two-thirds of the purchased animals —for shipping and condemning or moving the rest. The bureau also inspects the FSRC’s canned meat, a a a THE national livestock feed committee appointed by Secretary Wallace is making a national survey of the location of available feed and forage supplies, including corn stalks, and wheat straw. Hay and other feed will be bought, some to be given to FERA for penniless farmers and some to be held for sale, while commercial agencies are encouraged to conserve supplies for later emergency. The bureau of plant industry isolates grain seed in areas where it might otherwise all be sold on the market and holds it for next year, to see that seed best adapted for given areas will then be available for those areas. It has $25,000,000 for that. The forest service is planning its great $100,000,000 shelter belt of trees, to run 1,000 miles through the plains states for future protection. A field office has been opened in Lincoln, Neb., and work will begin as soon as organization is complete, to afford further emergency relief through employment. a a a THE bureau of chemistry and soils is helping the forest service, as well as checking soil condition through the drough area. The weather bureau, still another department of agriculture agency, prepares special daily reports for Secretary Wallace on rainfall and temperatures over the country. The bureau of agricultural economics provides vitally important information on the status of all

enough to be the father of their fighting colleague, are more serene. But all—including most of the personnel on TVA —are imbued with .the crusading instinct. They are working for a great cause. They compare it with the Panama Canal, but point out that its social reverberations will be far greater. And they are right. (Copyright. 1934, by United Feature Syndicate. Inc.) CHOIR ON PROGRAM FOR MASONIC PICNIC Outing to Be Held at McCoy’s Lake, Greensburg. The Indianapolis chapter choir will present a program at a Masonic picnic Sunday at McCoy’s lake, Greensburg. Arnold Spencer is director and Miss Dorothy Sunderland is accompanist. Soloists who will appear also are Kiefer Elliott, Kenneth Vance, Earl Davis, A. Richard Young, Hallie Mitchell, William Condrey, Kenneth Hartley, William Franklin, Burt Moon and Raymond Moon.

SIDE GLANCES

® 9HNUStaV)aiC —

"He likes the brainy type. JHow do you, think I should wear __ myJiairZ”

% ■••’V If v . v..

Generals in the far-flung war which the government is waging against the worst drought in United States history are shown here in conference—Agriculture Secretary Henry A. Wallace, seated, and Chester Davis, AAA administrator, standing.

crops, drought conditions, farm prices, food and feed supplies, the foreign drought situation, and so on. Daily information pours In by telephone and telegraph. The bureau of agricultural engineering tackles the serious drought condition in irrigated areas. The bureau of home economics figures out the most economical ways of shifting from high-priced food to other foods, with the relative energy and protein contents. And the consumers’ counsel of AAA, through the widely circulated Consumers’ Guide and public statements, posts consumers on price changes, enables them to distinguish between fair and unfair increases, checks their complaints and reports them to other agencies for action and tells housewives what they can do locally to protect themselves against gouging. a a a THERE are other drought agencies under Secretary Wallace —such as the emergency drought relief service, which tells farmers how to make poor fodder more palatable for cattle and things like that. Nobody can keep track of them all. Though the emergency drought set-up has been remarkably effec-

THE NATIONAL ROUNDUP a tt n a a a By Ruth Finney

WASHINGTON, Aug. 24.—Political prophets who try to forecast November returns from Maine’s September election seem to be in for a bad time this year. The state, according to present indications, may elect a Democratic Governor and a Republican United States senator, with neither choice susceptible of interpretation as approval or repudiation of Roosevelt policies.

Furthermore, in at least one of the three congressional districts election of the Republican candidate might be considered more of a boost for New Deal policies than election of his Democratic opponent. This is the situation. Louis J. Brann, the state’s third Democratic Governor since the Civil war, is popular and is reminding Maine voters that he has obtained millions of dollars of public works and relief money from Washington. He is a wet and repeal of the state Constitu-

By George Clark

tive, more . co-ordination was needed, so a general committee in charge of drought relief has been named. Meanwhile, the AAA, while devoting most of ijs attention to the drought, is planning for the future what it hopes will be a balanced, planned American agriculture. Benefit payments this year will be about $500,000,000, mostly in drought states, and it confidently predicts a big increase in national farm income for 1934 despite the drought, the impoverishment of nobody knows how many farmers, and the uncertainty about next year. Private industry has supplemented the huge federal drought program. Instances include the reduction of railroad rates on hay, feed, and cattle movements, loan by oil men of a huge pipe-line to carry 500,000 or more gallons of water a day into parts of the drought area, donation by California peach growers to FSRC of peaches which were to have been left to rot on trees, and an offer by the National Food and Grocery Distributors’ Code Authority to help stop profiteering. NEXT What the Federal Emergency Relief Administration and Federal Surplus Relief Corporation are doing toward drought relief.

tion’s dry amendment is being voted on this fall and seems likely to carry. On the other hand the Democratic candidate for the senate, F. Harold Dubord, has an uphill fight. He is opposing Frederick Hale, old-time conservative, who has represented Maine in the senate for seventeen years and whose father was there before him. Duboard was named in the federal trade commission’s utility investigation as one of those on the pay roll of the Insull companies during their fight over exporting power. a a a "O EPUBLICAN newspapers in the state agree, saying little against Governor Brann and are concentrating on re-election of Mr. Hale. Charges are being made that the Republicans have entered into a deal to bring about Brann s election and Hale’s. Supporters of Alfred K. Ames, Republican candidate for Governor, have filed a protest with Mrs. Guy P. Gannett, Republican national committeewoman, charging that her husband’s papers are failing to support the Ames candidacy vigorously. In the Third congressional district Representative John G. Utterback, Democrat, and former Governor Ralph O. Brewster, Republican, are fighting it out again as they did in 1932. In that year Mr. Utterback beat Mr. Brewster. 34,520 to 34.226, and took his seat only after an election contest had been decided in his favor by the Democratic house of representative* Congressman Edward C. Morgan is a young, aggressive New Deal Democrat, and his defeat in the Second district would have more significance than that of Utterback. Carroll L. Beedy, Republican who retained his house seat in spite of the Democratic landslide, seems certain of re-election this year. Political records show that Maine has served as an indicator of national trends only in years when Republicans have triumphed generally. This year the Literary Digest poll shows Maine voting, 8,501 to 7,708 for Roosevelt. The election takes place Sept. 10.

Second Section

Entered a* Seennd-CHaes Matter at FostofHee. Indianapnli*. Ind.

Fdir Enough n&iw MEMPHIS. Term., Aug. 24. To any one with illusions about the clear-eyed honesty, decency and Independence of youth in public affairs an experience in the Louisiana legislature down in the university city of Baton Rouge would be very depressing. Youth in the Louisiana legislature is precocious in all the tricks of the elder statesmen who have organized themselves under Huey Long to rob the people in every conceivable phase of their activity and blackmail every industry in the state.

There are not many youths in the legislature, but of their number only one belongs to the opposition and that one hardly could be called an active force. He is a boy of 22 named John Williamson, known inevitably in the newspaper phrase as the baby of the house. His father was killed in action in France and it was a pretty gesture of his constituents to send him to the legislature, as soon as he was old enough. The boy has a solemn face, a deep voice and a mind much superior to the average of his colleagues, which is faint praise at that. But he made just one speech

and that one in a manner to suggest he merely was showing off when you might have expected a youth so fortunately placed to rip and tear and raise particular hell throughout the session. Still, he didn’t go along with the conspiracy and he did have too much pride and conscience to look to Der Kingfish for instructions when the time came to push the electric button on his desk and cast his votes. a a a Almost a No-Hit Game BUT that was the total score for youth on the side of decency. It just prevented a complete shutout. An idealist might have been shocked to see a young statesman named James Horton on the dictator’s side as the house of representatives voted to bribe voters at $5 each, abolish many of the civil rights of the people and authorize a secret police force to kill and maim Huey Long's political opponents subject to Huey Long's approval. Mr. Horton played football at Centenary college. He is thick-necked, weighs more than 200 pounds and is inclined to swagger. His contribution to the deliberations of the statesmen was a bellicose roar that he “wasn’t no henchman.” followed by a threat to punch a smaller man on the nose. Some youths come out of college no better than they enter. There was one member of the youngish type, always on his feet, babbling indistinct thoughts in a weak, indistinct voice. He was on Huey’s side and his gaze constantly followed the dictator around the hall, to catch signals. The Louisiana journalists said this one was a cured drunkard. Huey treated him with the same respect that he might show a clumsy but pathetic servant. a a a Just One of the Bogs ALLEN ELLENDER, the Speaker of the house is one of the younger statesmen though not exactly a youth. He is about 35. Still, if he had been on the opposition side the youth movement could have been encouraged for his appearance is boyish and his talent is about the best in the legislature. However, Mr. Ellender merely was representing Huey Long. The dictator had a football player among his strong arm squad and the nominal Governor of the state, O. K. Allen, was attended by another former college athlete, ostensibly his secretary. Here was youth, the bright, athletic college type, serving as coat holder to a politician more degraded than the most paltry Tammany district workers. When Huey wants to sit in the Governor’s private office he shoos Mr. Allen out. Mr. Allen Isn’t even allowed to speak if Huey says “shut up.” You momentarily expect Huey to yell, “Oscar, shine my shoes,” and to see the Governor go to his knees and get busy with his rags ar.d brushes. But youth fetches and carries for Mr. Allen. They have some peculiar local ideas in Louisiana. They do not permit a house of prostitution to operate within a prescribed distance of the state university, but exempt the state capitol from the meaning of the act. (Copyright. 1934, by Unite and Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Your Health —BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

THE average healthy normal child begins to walk by the end of the twelfth or fourteenth month. If your child fails to walk satisfactorily, it may be a serious handicap throughout its life. There are certain conditions in which children are likely to begin walking much later than the average. For example, when there is a congenital dislocation of either one or both hips, a form of disability which occurs more frequently in girls than in boys, walking may be delayed seriously. When such a child does begin to walk, you will notice that the gait is not normal. a a a SINCE best results in treatment of such conditions are obtained before 3 years of age, it is highly important that corrective measures be undertaken as soon as possible. Two conditions which delay walking in children and which bring about peculiar conformation of the limbs are bowlegs and knockknees. These are caused, in most instances, by deficiencies in the diet of the mother before the birth of the child and in the diet of the child after it is born. These conditions result from rickets. I have already mentioned, time and again, that rickets is due to a deficiency of vitamin D in the diet. Moreover, in the presence of rickets, walking at too early an age is exceedingly bad for the child, because it helps to develop bowlegs and knockknees, as well as flat feet. a a a DEVELOPMENT of a child is a well ordered process of nature and it does no good to hurry it. Its feet should be held parallel in walking, the toes pointing straight ahead and the feet directly under the legs. If the child’s muscles are too weak, or if proper attention is not directed early toward this normal method of locomotion, the foot spreads and the weight of the body is not carried by the muscles, but by the ligaments and bones. This helps to bring about flat feet. The child will turn the toes out and will seem to be pushing his feet along sidewise. It is a mistake to try to get children to “toe out.” If children become fatigued easily while walking or running, they should, first of all, have a complete physical examination to make certain that the heart and the lungs are not at fault. They should also have a special study of the feet and shoes.

Questions and Answers

Q —Who captured Jesse James, the outlaw? A—As the result of a reward of SIO,OOO offered by Governor Crittenden of Missouri for the capture of Jesse James, dead or alive, two members of his own band, Robert and Charles Ford, turned traitors and shot and instantly killed him in his home at St. Joseph, Mo., April 3. 1882. Q —Have there been any old-age pension applications passed on in Marion county? A—Yes. The first checks were issued July 2, 1934. Q—ls there any premium on an 1876 half dollar? A—No. Q —Where was Walter Damrosch, the musical conductor, bom, and of what race is he? A—He was bora in Breslau, Prussia, and came to the United States with his father at the age of 9. He is a Jew

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Westbrook Peg'er