Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 87, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 August 1934 — Page 11

A TO. 21. 1034

It Seems to Me HEWOOP BROUN N’EW YORK Aug. 21 have expressed either contempt or bitter anger concerning the curious plebiscite In Germany. This review of the * Ja” men struck us all as a silly and sinister spectacle. But it so happens that a large American community soon will be faced with a somewhat similar situation. Naturally, you can eues with a good less than twenty questions It is neither animal, vegetable nor mineral, but merely California, the land of the outlandish. Within the week Hiram Johnson will capture the Republican, the Democratic and the Progressive primaries. This will make him the candidate of all the major parties when he runs for re-election to the United States ere will be a So-

ciaiist candidate against him and probably a Communist, but the state is in such a swivel that it is not safe to predict what it may do in keeping all hint of radicalism off the ballot. A*, this point, some bright schoolbov in the back row might well thrust up his hand and "And is Mr. Johnson, then, so great and good and well belovrd of all that there is no one to stand in opposition?" And to that query the teacher ought to reply. "The greatness and the goodness of H:ram Johnson constitute matters of opinion concerning which a neutral educator

lies wood Broun

should not pass a judgment, but as to point three in your interrogation there are thousands of citizens wno hate the very living daylights of the senator." It is difficult to discourage a bright schoolboy and the muddled lad might well continue. "But if that is the case how does it happen that the distinguished resident of the sun-kissed state is about to slide back into office without any dangerous opposition whatsoever?’ 0 0 0 And Hit- Stunts He Can Do! CHALLENGED in this manner the preceptor > would be obliged to reply. Eat your blame bun, Johnnv, and don't a-k silly questions.” or go into the long explanation which would necessitate something like th*.-: Mv child, when you have reached man's estate vou will discover that there is such a thing as politics. Hiram Johnson, the untrammeled servant of the people, has served his constituents so long and so well that he has developed a surprising flexibility. Although he is no longer a young man he can do stunts which would astound an acrobatic dancer and fill anv trick bareback rider with envy. He can do a split which would amaze the most agile of chorus girls and .ride two coal black horses and a white one simultaneously. "Forget vour mathematics, Johnny. In politics things equal to the same things ar£ not equal to each other. For instance. Hiram Johnson has received *he warm and ardent support of the national administration, headed by President Roosevelt, in spue of the lact that the senator is a life-long Republican barring a brief Bull Moose interlude. This sani A Hiram i' the favorite son of William Randolph Hear t. an independent Hearst Democrat. Mr. Hearst spends his days and nights thinking up pieces with winch to swat the brain trust and almost all the pharos of the New Deal.” a a 11 Everything to Any I oter -yOU a.-k me. Johnny.” the teacher might add, JL • how a man can be warmly supported by both H who espouse wholly different economic and political views? I rather wish you had not brought that up. During recess take jour slate and a couple of pencils behind the schoolhouse and if you can arrive at a reasonable answer please let me know. Teacher has a bad headache and would much rather not tackle vulgar fractions this afternoon. It must be that the solution lies in the fact that Hiram John on is such a good and faithful servant that he is capable of serving everybody at the same time. On account of the headache, teacher has become a little mixed up in historical associations. It wasn't Caesar’s w ife, but somebody else, who was all things to all men. Hiram Johnson is everything to any voter That's the best teacher can do. Now run awav and play.” And yet I doubt that Hiram will have much jov in his practically unanimous selection. Even a senator finds a certain discomfort in being wound round with too many strings. My confrere. Carl Randeau, remarked last night that Hitler might very well live to repent his triumph. ‘‘To have everything, said my philosophic friend, "is to have nothing. That is true, when Mr Roosevelt received something . the votes in the straw ballot of the Literary Digest, everybody hailed the result as a triumph When Hitler got 90 per cent of the German voie the general opinion was "the man is slipping.” Hiram will live to regret the fact that he won without an opponent and merely went back to the senate again sliding on his record. Copvrizht. 1934. bv Th* Times*

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

\ CROSS the sky there stretches a luminous, cloudy band. A great archway of light, it rises at one horizon, sweeps grandly across the sky. and descends to the other horizon. Tins is the Milky Way. Citv dw llers do not always appreciate the grandeur of the Milky Way. The lights of the city, which ct.m the fainter stars, obscure the Milky Way almost entirely. Bat tugust is perhaps the best month of the vcar in xhich to study the Milky Way and so city dwellers v il do well to get out in the country on a m , nl< ss ni where they can enjoy the full spendor of this sight. The real nature of the Milky Way. though suspected bv the Greek philosopher. Democritus, went undiscovered until Galileo in 1609 made his first little telescope Then it was disclosed that the M.'.k Wa> consisted of millions upon millions of stars A tronomers. more than a century ago. were impressed with the crowding of stars into the Milky Way. If counts of stars are made cn either side of the" Milky Wav it is found that the number of stars per unit of area rapidly decreases as the distance from the plane of the Milky Way increases. * This led astronomers to the conclusion that our galaxy is a great aggregation of star clouds in the general shape oi a grmristone or watch. When you you see so great a concentration of stui> because you are looking into the depths of the calaxy You are looking along the hands of the watch, as it were. When you look at right angles to the Milky Way, you see so few stars because you are looking out through the face of the watch. a a a \S TRONOMERS estimate that the long diameter of our galaxy—along the hands of the watch—is between 100.000 and 150-000 light years. A light year is six trillion miles. The short diameter—that is firm the back to the front of the watch—is about 15.003 light years. Within this watch-shaped galaxv. astronomers rs iir.ate that there are one hundred billion stars and enough nebulous matter—gaseous stuff and dust —to make another seventy billion stars. Giant telescopes have revealed a most interesting fact about the Milky Way. that is the existence of the so-called galactic nebulae among the stars. No - werfui enough to show a star as anything but a porn: of light. But the nebulae are revealed to possess a variety of shapes and aspects from the beautiful and graceful to the weird and onvnous. Some are delicate curtains of luminous lacework draped among the stars. Others are dark threatening curtains, blotting the stars from view. The dark nebulae when first discovered were not recognis'd as clouds of obscuring matter at all but were thought to be great tunnels or openings in the Milky Way. Because of their blackness, they were named —coal sacks.” The late E. E. Barnard was the first observer to recognize their true character. It la now known that the bright galactic nebulae shine only because they are illuminated by neighboring stars.

AUSTRIA-KEY TO EUROPE’S PUZZLE

Nation Meets Inevitable Doom of Tyrant; Empire Is Wrecked

Tbit i thr la at of four article* telling in brief the biatore of Aa*tria. protldinj a barktround which make* event* in the present crisis more easily under•‘ood - nun BY WILLIS THORNTON SIA Service Staff Writer \X7HEN the distant thunder of a general European war began to W rumble in the early years of this century, Austria no longer was a first-rate power in the military sense. But she was first-rate in importance, for the same reason she had been important in the days of the Roman legions. Again she was "in the middle.” Pruss.a had expanded into a united Germany after beating France in 1870. And now she was expanding in industry and trade as she had in war. x Her announced outlet for such expansion was in the drive to the eastward.” as exemplified in her plans for a Berlin-to-Bagdad railway. And this eastern drive led directly through Austria. ’ But southeast. 0 f Austria lay the Balkans, still Slav rather than German. And Russia, recovering from her Japanese beating, was championing the cause of Slav expansion. The pressure was eastward, against the olden barrier of Austria.

A long series of little wars followed m the Balkans, little states trying to follow the example set them by the "Great Powers,” in trying to expand their territories, build up military machines, and go out for glory and prestige. Each little Balkan state came to have a "sponsor” among the Great Powers, who began to line up more and more in two opposing camps. spa IN 1908 Austria made her last gesture—seizing of the territories of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Turkish lands, occupied mostly by Yugoslavs, between Austria and Serbia. The Serbs protested bitterly, and. with the Turks, almost went to war over the annexation. But for the time being Austria made it stick. Now Europe went galloping down the last incline leading to disaster. Austria and Germany drew closer and closer together as it became clear that France, Russia, and England were doing the same. Each of these groups made the most shameless diplomatic efforts to recruit to its side any and all Balkan support that it could get, at any price. Austria was having a harder and harder time to keep together the discordant elements within the empire, which was never in any sense a nation, but simply a state, artificially put together from parts of many nations. 000 EVEN Franz Joseph, when addressing his subjects, always said "my peoples . . .” never "my people.” It was his frank refcognition of the patchwork nature of the empire. Meanwhile. Magyars, Ruthenes. Bohemian Czechs, Italians, and southern Slavs within the patchwork empire were getting more restless every year, and were close to open revolt when in 1914 a Serbian citizen of the empire fired the pistol shots that toppled the whole crazv structure.

_Thc DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND Ry Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen ~

BYHALIA, Miss.. Aug. 21.—They have let loose another Huey Long down here in the lower Mississippi valley. The likeness is remarkable. There is the same swagger, the shouting, the showmanship, the cigars, the brass voice, the physical endurance, the thunderous warning against the "invisible empire of wealth." Shut your eyes and you would almost swear that the sweating, gyrating, fulminating figure on the platform before you was the Kingflsh of Louisiana himself.

Yet it is none other than Theo G. Bilbo, ex-Govemor of Mississippi, ex-newspaper-clipper for the AAA in Washington, and now the chief reason why the Mississippi senatorial primary is the most picturesque in the country. In Mississippi, the Democratic nomination means election. What is now happening, therefore, is not an ordinary primary, but in effect, the final campaign. There is probably nothing that would please the man in the White House less than having a teammate for Huey Long ensconced in the August upper chamber ready to berate, obstruct and filibuster. And. yet. through the bungling of someone around the White House, it looks as if that was what might happen. a a a BUT before going into the backstage maneuverings, get a picture of the second Huey Long at work. They turn out to hear Bilbo much as they turn out to see a fire-eater at the county fair. Dressed in a gray sack suit torn at the sleeve, he smokes a cigar, waiting to be introduced. His red tie is adorned with a horseshoe sparkler. Completely at ease, he turns and spits out the window. Behind the microphone he takes on an air of blatant assurance. “There are two invisible governments in Washington, a seen and unseen.” he roars, resorting to the dramatic device of the audible intake of breath through the nostrils. “Yea, an invisible empire, which working insidiously on the inside, has run this country for 125 years. "You see in the papers the other day a picture of the fifteen million dollar home in Florida of a man who sells you plows and harrows. and gets rich from you and from me And how do these people and their worthless children spend their time? Lying around in their bathing suits on the beaches of Florida, or bathing in the cool waters of the southern seas—all at your expense” a a a THE vigor both of voice and gesture which accompanies this analysis of the country s troubles is so great that the light gray suit turns dark with perspiration. First the arms, then the back, then the belt line. “Send me to the senate.” Bilbo yells,” and I'll see to it that you soldier boys are paid the bonus. Where will I get the money? I'll take it from these grafters who are making their vile millions through the wo king of the invisible empire. “You send me to Washington and I'll raise more hell than Huey Long!" Running against Bilbo are: 1. Representative Ross Collins. who likes his juleps long, has a

Assassination of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand took place in Sarajevo, a town in Bosnia, the same territory which had been annexed by force in 1908. It undoubtedly was inspired by Serbian agitation w'hich had never ceased since that time. AustriaHungary determined on a forcible showdown on this situation, and this was the immediate cause of the World war. One of the soldiers who answered the call to the colors in Austria was an obscure corporal named Adolf Hitler. It is not surprising that AustriaHungary had no better success in a military way in the World war —almost all such successes as she had came with German help. Many of her troops felt they were fighting a’gainst their national interests. 000 AS the war dragged on, greater and greater listlessness could be seen in the Austro-Hungarian war effort. Then on Nov. 21, 1916, the old kaiser died. And with him died, for all practical purposes. the empire. Only regard for this venerable man had held the empire together at all. For “his peoples” knew that as they had suffered, so he had suffered. Had they lost sons and loved ones? So had he. Had they lived in privation? His life had been simple with a nomastic rigidity. Had they known disappointment, and trouble, and sorrow? So had he. But now he was dead. When the end of the w r ar came, with its usual carving-up process, the old Austro-Hungarian empire had been swept from the map. Somewhere between the demands of the victorious allies for loot and the demands of natural lines of peoples for their own territories, the lines were drawn. 000 THE old empire had had a population of 51.000.000 and included 261,000 square miles. Today, Austria has only 6,500,000 people, and is less than oneeighth its former size. All its re-

progressive record in congress, established an unprecedented reputation as a trust-buster. 2. Frank H. Harper, a state legislator, who. unable to afford the elaborate transportation and loudspeaking equipment of his opponents, has earned the soubriquet: “Hitch-Hike” Harper. 3. Senator Hubert D. Stephens, who has served ten years in the house and twelve years in the senate—with few people outside the state of Mississippi realizing he was there. a a a OF the four, the man whose record comes closest to that of the New Deal is Collins. The man whose record is farthest away away is Stephens. Despite this, however, Marvin Mclntyre, White House secretary, sent a telegram to Stephens, interpreted in Mississippi as giving Roosevelt support to Stephens. The President, in the far west at the time, probably knew' nothing about it, sent Collins an assuring telegram after his return. However, that first telegram to Stephens may mean another Huey long in the senate. For Collins and Stephens are drawing from the same upper strata of voters. And while these two are fighting it out. it looks as if Bilbo might slip by with, enough votes to win. CoDvrieht 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.) FACTORY MANAGEMENT COURSE TO BE TAUGHT Indiana University Extension Will Offer Industrial Study. A course in factory management will be taught by William Baum, industrial engineer of the Real Silk Hosiery mills, in the Indiana university extension, beginning Sept. 20. The course will include study of organization principles, factory buildings. equipment, operation, simplification and standardization, job study, wage plans, industrial relations, budgetary 7 control, inventories, storeroom operation, purchasing. production control, routing and dispatching and cost control. TWO YOUTHS INJURED Boys Hurt While Riding Tandem on Motorcycle Near Canal. Eugene Smith. 20. of 6515 Bollefon tain-3 avenue, and Fletcher Cotten. 18. of 6208 Broadway, were injured yesterday when a motorcycle on which they were riding tandem was forced against the canal guard rail in the 700 block. Riviera drive. The accident occurred when the stand, on which the cycle sets when it is parked, came loose and fell.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

J I I J

The gardens of the palace of Schoenbrunn today .... a public park thronged with holiday visitors where Maria Theresa once looked down from the “Belvidere” or pavilion on the hilltop in the background.

maining territory is mountainous, and a third of its people live in Vienna. It has no seacoast. To the new Poland and Czechoslovakia went all its northern territory. To Rumania and an independent Hungary went the east. To Yugoslavia and Italy went the south. And only the center-point, Austria as it is today, remains. Yet it is still vital. The old conflict between north and south goes on. Mussolini does not w r ant to see a strong Austria on his north, especially one united with a resurgent Germany. He is particularly opposed because in the territory Italy took after the war live a quarter million Austrians, now raising the same cry against Italian rule as the Italians raised when Austria had encroached on Italian lands. 000 MUSSOLINI has also resurrected for Italy the old German dream of a "march toward the east,” and he doesn’t want German interference in Austria to prevent it. Czechoslovakia stands with France against union of Germany with Austria and Yugoslavia opposes too much Italian interference in Austria, apparently fearful of posible Italian designs toward the eastward. The attempt to internationalize the Danube has not been a complete success, for jealousies remain along its banks all the way from Vienna to the Black sea.

PERSIAN GAT CLUB TO SPONSOR SHOW Fanciers Prepare to Exhibit Pets at Fairground. The Indiana Persian Cat Club of the American Cat Association and the Indianapolis unit of the Cat Fanciers Association will hold a double show Sept. 6 and 7 at the Indiana state fair. The Persian Cat Club will exhibit Sept. 6 and the cat fanciers group will exhibit Sept. 7. Miss Anna Pardee, Cleveland, 0., will judge the former, and Mrs. F. O. Clahane, Columbus, 0., the latter. Classes will include both long and short haired cats. All breeds are expected to be represented. It is not necessary that a cat be registered in order to be shown. PICNIC PLANNED FOR OIL COMPANY EMPLOYES Broad Ripple Park Will Be Scene of Standard Oil -Outing. More than 3,000 employes of the Standard Oil Company are expected to attend the annual outing and picnic at Broad Ripple park Thursday. The entire facilities of the park will be turned over to the company for that day. Special trains and busses will bring delegations from all parts of the state. Johnny Ward’s orchestra will provide dance music in the evening.

SIDE GLANCES

■., - • - II

“You fellows should be careful how you go around slapping a man on the back.’*

m. b \ If ® TT.'s s J j 2 \l k /■'P' a* \ WJ SfN! hTHH L/*~-'J Y I iL. LITHUANIA C JJ ) / /■ •: K S. \ to j \ Xcjppt; -/ • T 'JufcPJP 0 LAND./ __ k —\ : : > * S -•X-'-Tr ; y j V CHE cq- ; \ SLO V I A p *a nc . '' " i • " £ * r •• f V V" .- ' : ' ,p U.M..A.N / bul6aR ’x J Europe today . . the black area is Austria, and the dotted area shows the former extent of the Austro-Hungarian empire. . , , Note how Yogoslavia, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Italy all shared in the territory cut from Austria as she fell. . . . The slanted shading shows the former German empjre, whose present limits are defined by the heavy boundary line. . . . Note how France on the west and Poland on the east have taken their share of this partition.

And until these are all cleared away, and all those north-south, east-west ambitions are reconciled in Europe, little Austria will con-

THE NATIONAL ROUNDUP 000 000 By Ruth Finney

WASHINGTON, Aug. 21.—Next week may bring a showdown between government and industry as well as between labor and industry on the question of collective bargaining. Labor’s test centers about the proposed textile strike. The government will fight it out with employers in the courts. Notice by three of the new special labor boards that they will neither retreat hor compromise on enforcement of the recovery act’s section 7a has brought the matter to a head.

Asa result the West Virginia Rail Company says it will resist to the full extent of the law the national steel labor relations board’s decision to hold an election among workers in the steel plant. The petroleum labor policy board has asked the department of justice to prosecute the gulf refining company “for violation of the law in endeavoring to break a strike occasioned by failure of the company to enter into negotiations with their employes in the exercise of their right to collective bargaining.” a a a THE national labor relations board’s power to secure enforcement of its orders through NRA is at stake in the Chicago motor coach case. The beard asked NRA to take the blue eagle away from the coach company for refusal to re-employ fifteen workers dismissed because of union activities. NRA has delayed, raising the question as to whether it may review decisions of the other

By George Clark

tinue to hold the keys to Europe, as she has held them for 2,000 years. (THE END)

tribunal or whether it must accept its verdict on labor matters. Labor Secretary Perkins says NRA must accept the labor relations board’s findings, but may take time to acquaint itself with a case before acting. So NRA has sent A. R. Glancy, assistant, who restored the blue eagle to the Harnman Hosiery Company ■over labor's protest, to Chicago to investigate. The labor relations board says the company deserves no further lenience. But the administration seems anxious to avoid a test in such hostile territory as Chicago, where neither the buying power of the government nor of other code members could be used as a weapon. The coach company would suffer from removal of its blue eagle only if bus riders refused to patronize it. The steel board is getting ready to supervise elections in a number of steel mills. It brought down the wrath of the West Virginia company by ruling that employers may not examine membership rolls of the Amalgamated Association of Iron. Steel and Tin Workers. The Weirton case, also an attempt on the part of a steel company to prevent a government supervised election, is still pending in the federal courts. The Gulf Refining case may be pushed by the government in an effort to get court rulings to aid it in its enforcement efforts. The Petroleum labor policy board charges that the company not only refused to bargain with its workers and replaced them with others when they struck, but in addition worked its new employes longer hours than the oil code permits.

STAMP COLLECTORS NOW MAY GET NEW 9-CENT PARK SERIES

Collectors desiring first day covers of the 9-cent denomination of the National park stamp series to be placed on sale at Glacier park, Montana, and Washington, Aug. 27, may send for a number not to exceed ten. These requests should be sent to the postmaster at either office, together with cash or money order covering the cost of the stamps. This same ruling applies to the 16-cent airmail special delivery stamp to be placed on sale in Chicago Aug. 30 and in Washington Aug. 31. There will be no cover service for the sheet of six 3-cent Mt. Rainer stamp design, which is being issued as a souvenir of the American Philatelic Society convention Aug. 28.

Fair Enough IiSIHIW NEW ORLEANS. Aug. 21—Huey Long's dictatorship. if carried off successfully, will reduce to the political status of the Negro all the white people of Louisiana who oppose der Kingflsh. Semmes Walmsley, the mayor of New Orleans, has arrived at this interesting conclusion as he considers the full effect of the dictatorship laws adopted by Hueys legislature in last week's special session. The Negro long ago learned that he has no right to vote here and he has long been subject to lynch-

ing and other personal inconvenience in various parts of the south, without effective recourse. Under the dictatorship. Huey can edit off the voting lists the names of all white men and women who wish to vote against him. And he can buy sufficient votes at $5 each to outvote the opposition at the polls if he prefers to disfranchise his enemies by that subtle means. By the use of the pardoning power Huey can give his secret police and other storm troops full authority to murder or assault anybody who votes or campaigns against him. His

Governor already has given a convincing demonstration of this power. A man who smashed the skull of an anti-Long citizen with the butt of a pistol was tried and convicted. But as sentence was pronounced the defendant pulled from his pocket a pardon signed by the Governor in anticipation of the verdict and walked out of court a free man. 0 0 0 Just the Man for It MR. WALMSLEY suspects that the citizens of Louisiana who oppose the dictatorship will be much upset to discover themselves on*political parity with their colored neighbors. He thinks the dictatorship will be beaten in court. Otherwise there will be fighting in the streets with guns because the mayor is convinced that the citizens on his side will take firm steps to defend their citizenship and their right to punish people who kill or mutilate them. Mr. Walmsley claims that Huey is trying to start a revolution against the United States government. He said that Huey told him a long while back that this country needed a revolution and added that he was just the man to lead a force on Washington. It gets more interesting down here. Your correspondent did not attend the deliberations of the dictator's legislature in the closing hours. He w’as warned that his dispatches to the outside world had given the dictator great displeasure and that Mr. Leche, the secretary of Huey's governor, O. K. Allen, had been appointed as the finger man to point him out. Mr. Leche, compliant with these instructions, casually dropped into a chair where your correspondent was discussing various matters with some members of the opposition. He put the finger on your correspondent and Earl Long, the dictator's brother, who committed mayhem on a member of the legislature a year ago, was delegated to institute reprisals. The lobbies of the legislature were swarming with members of the dictator’s storm troops so your correspondent did not forget to duck. The storm troops carried pistols and blackjacks and performed important service later on in excluding the reporters from the house chamber so that they could not observe and record the votes on various measures. Earl Long was identified as the member of the dictator’s secret police who later that evening slugged a newspaper photographer from behind and hit him three times while he was on the floor. In the 1929 session of the legislature Brother Earl sprang at a member of the opposition, sank his teeth into the man's face and could not be pried loose until three men worked at his jaws. He was not arrested. 000 You Can't Win IT is not prudent to hang around Huey’s legislature when the finger is on one. In a previous session, Joe Boudreaux, an anti-Long worker, was slugged on the head with a pistol butt on the capitol steps and taken to a police station where he was detained for some time. It then was discovered that his skull was fractured and he was moved to a hospital. When he recovered, Mr. Jones, an official of Huey’s police force, was arrested, indicted, tried, convicted and sentenced to prison for this assault-' As the judge pronounced the sentence Mr. Jones of the highway police reached into his pocket and pulled out a pardon signed and executed in advance by the dictator's governor. He therefore walked out of the courtroom a free man. So you can’t win if you are anti-Lcng in Louisiana. In the last hours of the session a mysterious thing happened. A measure bobbed up which \would have prevented municipalities in Louisiana from building public utilities under municipal ownership to compete with public utilities already in existence and owned by private corporations. The name on this document was that of Senator Coleman Lindsey, a floor leader for the dictator. But this one was so raw that Mr. Lindsey disavowed it and said he never had heard of it before. It was then withdrawn and nobody even discovered how such a measure favorable to the public service corporations could have slipped into the agenda under the name of the fuehrer’s floor leader. (Copyright. 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Your Health —BY UR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

THE mosquito is a post, but it does not represent the menace to health in this country that it represents in the tropics. Mosquitoes in the norther portions of the United States carry little disease. Nevertheless, they are sufficiently a nuisance to make it desirable to get rid of them. Unless the conditions under which they breed are suitably controlled, it is conceivable that they might become a serious menace to health. Malaria is the disease chiefly transmitted by mosquitoes in the United States. It has been stamped out in most communities by suitable public health measures. It may be said of the mosquito that the female of the species is more deadly than the male. The female mosquito is the only one that bites human beings; the male is a vegetarian. a a a FEW people realize that there are more than fivehundred varieties of mosquitos throughout the world, although only seven or eight are commonly seen in the cities of the United States. To breed and develop properly, the mosquito must have water. It hatches from an egg deposited in water. Its favorite breeding grounds are rain water barrels, cisterns, tanks, garden pools, slow-flowing streams, ponds, and sagging gutters on houses and sewer catch basins. The time required for hatching from the egg t a mosquito that is able to fly is from seven to ten days. Hence it is clear that the way to get rid of mosquitoes in any vicinity is to get rid of ail stagnant water. o a a MOSQUITOES may of course be kept out of houses or prevented from biting human beings by using sixteen mesh wire screening, attached tightly to windows and doors. When mosquitoes are in the house, it has been suggested that they be removed by a very simple technic. First darken the rooms during the latter part of the afternoon, then wait about a half hour for the mosquitoes to emerge from their hiding places, then spray any commercial mosquito destroying fluid into the room. After about another half hour, the room may be ventilated.

Questions and Answers

Q —How long was Britain under Roman rule? A— From the time of the Caesar campaigns in 55-54 B. C.. until abandoned by the Romans in 410 A. D. Q— Name the United States senators from Illinois. A—James Hamilton Lewis and William H. Dieterich.

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Westbrook Peg'er