Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 46, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 July 1934 — Page 9

Todays Science By David Dietz N NINETY-TWO chemical elements are known to the world todav, unless we wish to include the apparently synthetic ninety-third element manufactured by Professor Fermi of Italy. In the history of man discovery of these elements lies the record of the physical universe. The distinction between chemical elements and compounds was unknown to the ancients. It was first proposed in 1661 by Robert Boyle and its full significance was not appreciated until the work of Avogadro in 1811. He introduced the distinction between the atoms of elements and the molecules of compounds. Professor Harrison Hale of the University of Arkansas, in an interesting report prepared for the American Chemical Society, points out that only nine of the ninety-two elements were known to the ancients. This is another way of saying that all of the substances which the ancients knew and used were compounds with the exception of nine. Seven of the nine elements known to them were metals. They were copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury silver, and tin. Two of them were nonmetals, namely carbon and sulphur. Twelve centuries passed before definite knowledge of other elements was added to this list. In 1250 arsenic was discovered. Antimony was found in 1450. So that when Columbus sailed across the ocean and discovered America, the world had knowledge of eleven chemical elements. m * • MORE than two centuries elapsed before a twelfth element was added to the list. Then came the discovery of phosphorus in 1669 The other eighty elements all represent discoveries of the last 200 years. While ninety-two chemical elements are known today, .seventeen have not yet been reported as found in the free slate. These seventeen are actinium, alabamine, dyprosium. erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium. illinium lutecium, masurium, polonium, protoaetinium. scandium, terbium, thulium, virginlum and ytterbium. maa DEVELOPMENT of new instruments and new techniques had much to do with the discovery of the other chemical elements. Professor Hale says. Electrolysis was responsible for the discovery of six of the fourteen chemical elements which were found in the first decade of the nineteenth centry. These six were potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, strontium and magnesium. Indirectly, the electric current was also responsible for the isolation of boron. In more recent years, electrolysis has been used to prepare rubidium, cesium, cerium, gallium and aluminum, although of this group only gallium was discovered by electrolysis. All but one of the eleven elements found between 1860 and 1879 were located with the aid of the spectroscope These included cesium and rubidium, discovered by Kirchoff and Bunsen, the perfecters of the spectroscope, thallium by Crookes, indium bv Reich and Richter, helium by Lockyer. samarium by Df Boisbaudran ytterbium by Marignac. holmium and thullium fcv Clcve.

Questions and Answers

Q —How many incorporated towns or cities are there in the United States with a population of 1,000 or more? A—There are 3.086 incorporated places that have a population of 1.000 to 2.500; 1.332 having 2.500 tc 5.000 ; 851 having 5 000 to 10.000 ; 606 having 10.000 to 25.000; and 376 with more than 25.000 population. Q —How is chow mein pronounced? A—Chow main. Q—Does alcohol contain any fattening element? A—No. Q —What Is the hardest substance next to the diamond? A—Corundum. Q—Why are liquid centers used in golf balls? A—Liquid or semi-liquid centers are used to make the balls more resilient than a solid rubber center. Q—Please quote in full and name the source of the verse which begins: “But pleasures are like poppies spread.” A—“But pleasures are like poppies spread; You seize the flower, its bloom is shed. Or like the snow falls in the river. A moment white, then melts forever.” Robert Burns in “Tam O'Shanter.” Q —How many major kidnaping cases have there been in the United States in the last five years, and how were they solved? A—There have been thirteen major cases in which nine persons were returned after payment of heavy ransom; two were slain, and two were returned without ransom. Q —What is the diference between direct and and indirect taxes? A—Direct taxes are paid at first hand by the owner of thing taxed. Real estate and income taxes are examples of direct taxes. Indirect taxes are those where it is recognized from the beginning that the individual who pays in the first instance usually passes on the charge to someone else who may again pass it on until it finally reaches the subject who bears the burden. The tax on cigarets is an example of an indirect tax. Q —What does the name Ladislaus mean? A—Ruling with fame. Q—What is the composition of white gold? A—lt us an alloy, the chief component of which Is gold. Various alloys are used. Q —What is the annual salary of the Governor of Maryland? A— B4 500. Q —What does ‘a-la-carte’ mean? A—lt is a French phrase translated, "by the rard." and is used to describe meals in a restaurant where each dish u pnced separately. Q —What should the temperature inside a refrigerator be to insure the protection of the food? A—From 42 to 48 degrees F. Q —Give the room capacity of the largest hotel in New York City. A—The Hotel New Yorker has 2.500 rooms. Q —What is the greatest depth man has attained m a diving apparatus'* A—William Beebe holds the record of 2.200 feet, made Sept 22. 1932. in a bathysphere, an air-tight metal ball. Q —What is Ed Wynns real name, and when and where was he born? A—Hus real name is Israel Leopold. He was bom in Philadelphia. Pa.. Nov. 9. 1886 Q— Name the ranks in the United States army from the lowest to the highest. A—Private corporal, sergeant, staff sergeant, first sergeant master sergeant, second lieutenant, first lieutenant, captain major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, brigadier-general, major-general, lieutenant-general, general. Q—Which is the largest island in the world, not including Australia? A—Greenland. Q—ls the territory of Alaska larger than Texas? A—Yes. Q —Where and when was George Arliss. the actor, bora? A—London. England. April 10. 1868. Q—What organization is sponsoring the stratosphere flights of Captain Stephens and Major Kepner, scheduled for this summer? A—The National Geographic Society, Washington. D C, and the United States army air corps. Q —How large is Rock Creek park in Washington D C? A—1,775 Acres. Q —What music was played in the motion picture •’Glamour'' when Constance C.minings is shown taking her baby out of a baskets A—“ Lullaby" by Brahms, k)

The Indianapolis Times

Full Laasvd Wire Service ot the United - Press Association

WHAT THE PRESIDENT WILL SEE

Visit in Pacific Paradise Will Climax Roosevelt s Long Journey

Thi< la tha lat # of flve atoriea on what rrfiidmt Rnoifvdt will %e* aa ha visit* American ialand poasassiona and Haiti, aa ha paaaag through tha canal tan*. and in Hawaii, goal of hia long vo*a*a. BY RODNEY DITCHER Timaa-N'fcA Service Writer (Copyright. 1934 NEA Service, Inc.i WASHINGTON, July 4—ln his voyage through America's outlying domain. President Roosevelt will see the loveliest sights and have the most fun when he reaches the Hawaiian islands. No President ever* has been there before and the “paradise of the Pacific,’’ 2,000 miles off the California coast, is no end excited about it. It takes a volcanic eruption, a Massie case, or a presidential visit to make us remember Hawaii. But Roosevelt will view the islands as our strongest outpost of national defense, the only outlying possession or territory we have which is on a paying basis, and a strange mixture of races where east meets west and vastly outnumbers it. Publicity blurbs from the islands sound fantastic in their hyperbole. But you get the same story from thousands of returning visitors. The statistics showing average vear-around temperatures of 72 to 78 are indisputable. And there just isn't any market there for either furnaces or electric fans. an a IT'S a land of equalized weather, tourists, volcanoes, beaches and surf-bathing, Japanese, beautiful mountains, forests of sugar cane, tropical foliage and flowers, big fish. Chinese and Filipinos, motor roads without billboards, pineapples and palms, native dancing, coral reefs, cliffs, canyons, coves, craters. Portuguese, soft breezes, light summer clothing, soldiers, sailors and forts, American millionaires and vast estates, contract labor, oriental native feasts, Koreans and Puerto Ricans, legends of strange gods, banyans, poincianas, shower trees and— It's all part of the United States. Every one born in the Islands automatically becomes an American citizen. There are nine inhabited islands, each rising up from the coast to mountain ranges and peaks, in a 400-mile chain connected by airplane and steamship lines. The two principal islands are Oahu and Hawaii. In Oahu is Honolulu, capital and biggest city—a modern, enterprising metropolis of 120,000 people, big hotels and department stores, newspapers, miles of suburban concrete roads, university buildings, country clubs, a factory that can put up a million cans of pineapple a day, and good old Waikiki beach. B B tt PASSENGER steamers arrive about once a day, bringing the five to ten-million-dollar annual tourist business. When a visitor is greeted, a lei is placed around his neck. He w'ears it all that day. He gets another lei as he departs and tosses it away out-

The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Dreiv Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON, July 4.—On his present cruise, Franklin Roosevelt actually is the commander-in-chief of the American navy at the helm of his flagshap. For the President has studied the charts for this cruise until he knows the course as well as any helmsman. He knows, for instance, how to get a vessel into the tortuous channel of Christiansted in the Virgin islands, through which no strange pilot is allowed to take a vessel. He knows the depth of water and the form of the harbor in every port he will touch. Studying navigation charts is one of the President's hobbies, and of late he has had a good time doing it. Never before in history has a President of the United States served in person as commander-in-chief of the navy. tt B tt B It B OHIO'S Senator Robert Johns Bulgley was a classmate of Franklin Delano Roosevelt at Harvard. Bulkley was editor of The Crimson. Roosevelt was a reporter. “Yes.” confided Bulkley the other day. "the President used to work for me at Harvard. He was a promising young man, too. I knew’ he would amount to something.” b a tt a B B IT is not supposed to be known outside the state and navy departments. but already blueprints for a giant new battleship are in the works.

This is the first gun in what looks like another eut-throat naval race to begin after the 1933 naval conference which seems headed for failure. American naval designers have been working on these blueprints for more than three months, and the product of their work will make the new sea monsters as far ahead of our present battleships as the present day automobile is ahead of the 1914 model. a a a /'CONTRARY to general belief, the ocean mail probe is by no means concluded. Investigators for the senate committee, at work quietly for several months, have gathered a mass of documentary evidence. The postoffice department alone has turned over several bushels of records. The inside whisper is that some of the new information is of a highly sensational character. One story is regarding a deal in which a ship was especially chartered to carry a single letter, for which the operators received $12,000. Senator Hugo Black, hard-hit-ting chairman of the committee, is getting ready to resume open hearings in the near future. a a a NEW HAVEN'S recent hospitality to President Roosevelt may have been very fine, but according to a story told inside the White House, it stopped there. Shortly before the train arrived. Jimmy Roosevelt and his beautiful wife. Betty, drove up to the station in their dingy Ford sedan, attempted to gain entrance to the roped off area so they might meet the party. A hard-boiled policeman snarled:

Along the palm-fringed shores of the Kona coast, President Roosevelt will find rare sport in angling for swordfish, barraeuda, and dolphin, when he reaches the Hawaiian Islands, the land of pineapples, cocoanuts, hula dancers, surf-board riding, and the myriad other attractions that make this possession of Uncle Sam the paradise of the Pacific.

side the harbor to indicate he wants to come back. In Hawaii are the great volcanoes Mauna Loa and Kilauea and the Kona coast, off which Roosevelt will go fishing. It’s the biggest island and contains great sugar cane areas. In Hawaii national park volcanoes steam and stew and sometimes Mauna Loa spew's vast flow's of lava into the sea, Mauna Kea, in Hawaii, rearing 14,000 feet, has tropical snow on top. Off Kona coast, Roosevelt will find swordfish the best fighters. Last year a man caught one weighing 568 pounds. Or in these calm waters might get a 200-pound yellow-fin tuna, a sixty-pound barracuda, a 100pound dolphin or the smaller ona, or bonito. 808 OTHER islands include Molokai. a pineapple country w'here lepers also are sequestered—Father Damien lived and died among them; Kauai, the “garden island,” w'here the long-lost crew of the seaplane PN-9-1 landed in 1925 and w'here great ranches have

"Get that damn tin can out of here.” Meekly. James remonstrated: "You don't mind if I meet my father, do you? I'm the Presdent's son." "Yeah?” snapped the cop. “I don't care who you are: You’re not getting through these lines.” It took nearly twenty minutes of string-pulling with the police captain, before the James Roosevelts and their flivver finally got through. a a tt APPLYING a razor-edged, scalpel to long-distance telephone rates is the first big job on the calendar of the new federal communications commission. • President Roosevelt is the author of the idea. He considers these charges decidedly excessive, thinks they should be drastically trimmed, would like to see the commission dig into the matter. The President's view regarding these rates has strong documentary substantiation in a survey made, under congressional authority. by Walter McM. Splawn, recently appointed to the interstate commerce commission by the President. B tt tt THE MAIL BAG A. C.. Atlanta. Ga.—The deficit of the Democratic national committee. as of May 31, was $541,970. L. L., Danielson, Conn.—Mrs. Roosevelt addresses the President as "Franklin.” When she refers to him she usually uses the expression, my husband.” P. T.. Decatur, Ala.—Senator Hugo Black is rated as an upper bracket member of the chamber. He is an effective legislator, also

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, JULY 4, 1934

their own railroads, sugar mills, and canning plants. The Governor—now Joseph B. Poindexter—is a Washington appointee, but the territory has its own legislature. Intensive development has produced the world's highest yields of sugar and pineapple to the acre. Huge feudal estates are the last word in industrial efficiency. tt tt tt A $175,000.000 sugar investment and a $30,000,000 pineapple investment have been producing about 1.000.000 tons of exportable sugar and 10,000,000 cans of pineapple a year. The islands have had serious depression unemployment. Importation of cheap oriental labor created the extraordinary race problem—to which the Massie case and the navy's row with civilians forcefully called attention. The islands’ population of 380.000 includes 140,000 of Japanese nationality or parentage, 66,000 Filipinos, 28,000 Portuguese, 27.000 Chinese, 22.000 pure Hawaiians and 30.000 part Hawaiians, 6000 Puerto Ricans. 6,000 Koreans, 20.000 soldiers and sailors, and 23000 other w'hites.

one of the most facile debaters on the Democratic side. E 8., Boulder. Colo.—The federal bureau of education reports that nineteen of the nation's Presidents have been college graduates. (Copyright, 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.) PASTOR'S WIFE FACES FURTHER TRIAL DELAY Saunders’ Case May Not Be Reached Until November. liil L'nitrd Press LEBANON. Ind.. July 4.—Postponement until October or November of the trial of Mrs. Neoma Saunders. 35, and Ted Mathers, 19, on a charge of slaying the former's husband, was anticipated today after adjournment of Boone circuit court for the summer. Judge John W. Hornaday said the docket for the September term of court is so congested that it will be impossible to set the trial date before October or November.

SIDE GLANCES

-BAStavtct me Otg D S P4T OFF

“No, we’re not stopping for any firecrackers! Daddy is in a big hurry and besides they’re too dangerous.”

AMERICAN business men who seized the old Hawaiian government from Queen Liliuokalani imported 110.000 Japanese contract laborers between 1895 and 1908 to work twelve, fifteen and eighteen hours a day. The Japanese proved ambitious and aggressive and multiplied rapidly. Today they do most of the mercantile business. The Chinese who preceded them in Hawaii have been barred since annexation in 1898 and Japanese imifiigration was banned in 1924. The Hawaiians. who numbered 300.000 before white men came to decimate them with new diseases, are splendid physical specimens with pleasant dispositions. The first white man to reach Hawaii was Captain James Cook in 1778. The missionary invasion began in 1820, after stories of “moral depravity” and nudism among natives had reached New England. Descendants of missionaries established a republic, and persuaded the McKinley administration to annex them after the army and navy had recognized their strategic value.

Hope Springs Eternal — Life Savings in Closed Bank Repaid by U. S., Laundress Again Puts It in New Account.

EAST PEORIA. 111., July 4.—To Mrs. Lydia Lobsiger the collapse of the Fon Du Lac State bank six weeks ago meant the failure of a philosophy of life. Mrs. Lobsiger wouldn't have called it that. Philosophy was outside her ken. But she did believe that work and economy were the way to security and happiness. She had acted upon that theory through forty self-reliant years as a housemaid and laundress.

At 66 she had put two children through school, seen them happily married and had the tidy sum of $1,250 in the bank. By pinching pennies she even had put sl4 into an account for a 12-year-old granddaughter. And then, back in May, Mrs. Lobsiger read in the papers that the Fon Du Lac bank had been placed in receivership. She hurried downtown.

By George Clark

OOSEVELT w'ill inspect Schofield barracks and Pearl harbor, America's most powerful army post and strongest naval base, each a few miles from Honolulu. Hawaii is the key to protection of the Pacific coast and any naval operations in the far estst. Its position makes an attack from Asia almost impossible. Pearl Harbor is a natural base, more than sixty feet deep, covering ten square miles and reached by a tortuous channel from the sea. A fleet there can’t be seen from the ocean and mountains in the rear protect it from land attack. The base has been constantly developed since 1920 and has a big drydoek and repair shops, naval air station, half a mile of heavy concrete wharves, big oil depot, radio station, ammunition depot, submarine base and a marine reservation. The war department maintains extensive fortifications and Schofield barracks has quarters for 30,000 troops. THE END.

DULLY, uncomprehending, she nodded to people outside the bank who talked of “the FDIC” and the possibility 0 f getting back their money. She knew only that many people had lost their entire life savings in banks and that the big grilled doors were tightly l r and and curtained. At home, as days passed into weeks, food became a pressing problem. Her son and her daughter’s husband were out of work. Mrs. Lobsiger found an occasional housecleaning job, blit her earnings were the proverbial drop in the bucket. Last week a man called at her little house. He introduced himself as an officer of the federal depositors insurance corporation. Mrs. Lobsiger heard, first with incredulity, then with a joy which expressed itself through shaking sobs, that she was to be paid every cent of her $1,250 and her granddaughter’s sl4. YESTERDAY, dressed in a freshly laundered gingham dress and a simple black straw hat, carrying her newest granddaughter. 3. and accompanied by her daughter. Mrs. Lobsiger was escorted through a huge crowd outside the bank into the presence of the mayors of two cities and a group of federal officials. Newsreel cameras recorded her embarrassment and confusion. She spoke haltingly into microphones. And then she was handed a check—the first check ever issued to a bank depositor protected by the recently inaugurated federal insurance plan. Her first action was a lesson in the new banking psychology. She went straightaway to the only other bank in the city, the First National, and started anew account. DUKE OF YORK HAS” OPERATION ON HAND Second Son of King George Suffering From Slight Infection. Bn I nit id Prrss LONDON, July 4—The duke of York, second son of King George, underwent an operation on his hand yesterday, physicians revealed today. The duke was suffering from a slight infection, it was announced.

Second Section

F.nferefJ a# Second C7a Matter at PoatofTice. Indianapolis. Ind.

Fdir Enough mwlm NEW YORK, July 4—For more than a w - eek I have been trying to compose a moving-picture scenario which would meet the restrictions proposed by the clergy who are determined to eliminate crime and sex for the good of the children and the child-minded It has been tough going because larceny, mayhem and murder seem to be every-

where, even among the birds and gnats and flowers, and the most scandalous goings-on, take place right along among creatures of demurest reputation. It was a shock to be told by a florist one time that the primrose was an outrageous hussy in her private life. You could not hope to get by with a veracious drama about the primrose under the proposed code of censorship because that would give the youngsters false ideas and might send childminded adults stampeding out of the picture how to launch out on a plural life.

But neither would you be allowed to avoid th truth for that would be spreading a lie and poisoning the wells of knowledge, a wrong as bad as a hoodlum scene or a shot depicting bachelor life in a New York pent house. BBS The Nasty Thing IF you will send a stamped envelope and written authorization from your pastor I might, when I get around to it. send you a confidential report of what the florist said about the private life of the primrose. It is a scenario which would make the most mischievous compositions of Miss Mae West seem downright priggish. Well, so the birds plunder and kill, the Junebug slays the ehigger, or something, the spider is a hoodlum and the mistletoe throttles the mighty oak which hogs the sun and starves and stunts the little trees. This information, as the bond houses used to say, is not guaranteed though believed to be approximately correct. Obviously, as a vein of material for the moving picture drama, nature is out, being very criminal and full of turpitude. lam modest in my crime requirements and would be satisfied with such lowercase misdemeanors as illegal parking or cheating the souless telephone corporation out of an occasional nickel. But I hate to hear any one run down sex, a theme so popular that it is referred to widely as topic A and hope the censors will not make it necessary for the citizens to be as firm with them about this matter as they were with those other members of the clergy who tried to prevent them from drinking alcoholic beverages. * A clergyman’s idea of seemliness in dealing with love or sex on the screen is sure to be much more severe than the average customer's. And, if it is true that children are being corrupted by the scenes which they see in the movies there is a dandy remedy at hand for that. The children might be kept out of the movies, just as they are excluded from the premises where liquor is sold, except, perhaps on Children's day. The million-dollar theaters were not built solely for the children's trade, nor for the ultra-pious. tt n tt Blames the Beauties IT is unfortunate that,nature, that depraved force, which produces the shameless primrose, turns out so many beautiful young women to defile the screen with their charm and pleasantly trouble the thoughts • of the customers. There would be no such problem if there were no beautiful women, but no severity of censorship or scolding is ever going to popularize the scrawny, fat or warty types. The art editors of the newspapers know about this. They wade through great stacks of bathing pictures in hot weather to select the pretty ones. My crimeless, sexless scenario of sweetness and light, suitable for young and old alike, is not coming along very well. I put a sheet of paper in the machine and typed across the top "The Sweetest Story Ever Told.” But there had to be a man and woman in it and at this point sex came worming its coils into the story. And there had to be a conflict of right and w r rong and there was the crime element. So "The Sweetest Story Ever Told” isn’t even an idea yet, and I can’t even say I have hopes. Well, I trust the clergy never will try to impose the same sort of censorship on the newspapers because in that case the market tables, the daily recipe, the weather forecast and the*ball game would constitute the paper. But the newspapers always have fought like tigers to protect their freedom against every encroachment. The movies and the radio, on the contrary, curled up and quit very early in their respective careers and thereby sacrificed an independence which they never will get back. (Copyright, 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.) |

Your Health B* IJK. MORRIS USHBEIN

ALTHOUGH the infectious chest condition called pleurisy comes most often during cold weather, as do other such conditions of the respiratory tract, you should know, even during these hot summer days, exactly what this is and what to do about it, in event of an attack. Pleurisy is a condition that relates to the membrane covering the lungs and lining the chest caviety. This membrane is called the pleura. In the chest cavity, ordinarily, the lungs move freely with breathing. If. however, you should feel a sharp pain there during breathing, the pain usually is referred to the pleura. When infection is present, there is swelling, inflammation, and the pouring out of fluid. a a a PERSON? who work under conditions of poor ventilation or dusty surroundings, or in tha presence of many cases of infections of the lungs, are more likely to be infected with pleurisy than ar§ others. Although it is well established that germs are usually the cause of pleurisy, it is recognized that exposure to the elements, fatigue, and exhaustion may give the germs opportunity to invade the body and bring about infection. You can tell when you get pleurisy by feeling pain with every breath. Breathing is likely to be short, rapid and shallow. You will try to keep the affected side as quiet as possible, tending to lean toward that side and to rest upon it, in this way keeping it more quiet during sleep. Persons with pleurisy also resent motion of the trunk and frequently will be observed holding the painful side with the hand. Because of the difficulty in breathing, you also will have a cough that is painful, but which does not bring up infected material. V, a a a WHEN the doctor examines a person with pleurisy, he is able to hear with his stethoscope a number of sounds which help him to make his diagnosis. One of these sounds is a crackling and rubbing, due to the fact that pleura is not smooth and, therefore. rubs during breathing. In an attack of pleurisy there are a number of simple things that you can do to get relief from the pain. First, of course, is quiet rest in bed. Second comes the application of heat and cold. Usually an ice bag applied to the painful area gives more relief than does heat. Some persons, however, seem to have greater comfort with the hot application than the cold. Os course, anything that will keep the chest quiet will help relieve the pain. One of the best methods of keeping the chest quiet is to strap the side concerned with adhesive tape. These straps usually are put on at right angles to tie spine. ,

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Westbrook Pegler