Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 44, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 July 1934 — Page 9

HSeemsioMe HEVWOOD BROUN 'T'IME does not march on in Germany but procecds at a reckless and a breathless sprinting pace. When this column comes to type the aspect of the situation may have chanced all along the line from Hit>r to drummer boy. Yet in a gambling spirit I am willing to draw a few lessons already and trust that history v ill back me up. It seems to me that whatever the outcome may toe the cause of Fascism has received ab!a r k eye. All acroca the world, including America, the argument has run that even if you personally did not like the rule of the strong man it must be admitted that it was a -v ?em which made the trains run on time. Democracy has lost popularity because of the contention that it never could work save under the leadership of men of genius. Many were swinging around to the belief that there was some safety in a lark of numbers and that one Babbitt was more desirable than a legion of the commonplace. Few' have contended that Hitler was among the great intellectuals developed in the long history of

civilization but he became a symbol of the potential efficiency of dictatorship in the minds of many. Often and late have I sat under the irritating itch of the argument, “Whether you like or dislike Hitler is relatively unimportant. The fact is that he represents the w ill of the overwhelming number of the German people. Therefore his policies, right or wrong, are no particular business of any outsider.” a a a .1 Post-W ar Development IN answer to this particular approach I have been will-

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inc to make just one concession. I have felt and still do that whatever strength Hitler has. or had •to be on the safe side), was presented to him by oiitirie a Rennes. The treaty of Versailles is an instrument declined to provide Germany with an unstable government. It was inevitable that a regime would rise drawing support on the ground of its intention to throw off the accusation of war guilt and to refuse the penalties assessed under this fantastic theory. But. after all, this was merely a facet in the Hitler philosophy of government and economics. The most serious charge which could, or can, be made against his leadership is that he never did have any philosophy. His anti-Semitic drive was based upon one of the most ludicrous conceptions ever offered to a civilized people, in effect Hitler said to the Germans, “Your enemies are the Jewish capitalists who control the big department stores and other industries. And they are allied with Jewish leaders who largely control the Communist party of Germany and other radical groups." In other words Hitler roused up his people against the Jews on the ground that they were ton eager for personal profit and too hostile to the institution ot private property. a a a Promises In Unit'd 'TV) mv mind this just doesn't make sense. FdJL mund Burke once said in a famous oration that you couid not indict an entire people. It seems to me even more monstrous to try to bring such an indictment on two counts which are exclusive. Asa matter of fact. Hitler accused his foes of holding to a philosov which he himself pursued. Never has there beon a leader who was so many warring things to so many people. The promise is a coin not unknown in American politics, but Adolf Hhler inflated this particular'kind of currency to a point never before reached in any nation. To the big industrialists he promisM protection from the demands of union labor and a chance to increase profits. To the workers he gave jobs in every oration and the bright hope of better conditions. Among the stern moralists Hitler was an uncompromising puritan. In his official attitude toward licentious followers he proved to be the not very critical chief. Again and again I have heard it said. ’•Well, at least you must grant that the man is sincere.” But I want to know just what he is sincere about. As I see it lv % is sincere about one thihg and one alone. T think he never wavers from the notion that it would be an excellent thing for Adolf Hitler to have Adolf Hitler remain in power. iCopvneht. 1934. bv The Times)

Today s Science

BY DAVID DIETZ THE 1934 drought holds the record for covering more territory than any drought in the history of meteorology, according to J. B. Kincer. chief of the climate and crop weather division of the United States weather bureau. The drought has been greatest in the central valleys, the Great Lakes region, the northwestern and the western states. But its effects covered even mote territory than that. Local rains during June brought relief to various areas but general conditions are still pretty bad. “Deficiencies in moisture, ranging from unprecedented dryness over large areas to a decided need for ram in others, was prevalent by the first of June over approximately three-fourths of the United States from New York, western Pennsylvania. West Virginia and central Tennessee westward to the Sierras of California and the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon.” Mr. Kincer says. 'Hie effect of the drought has been aggravated in many regions by the fact that it came as a climax to a number of years of deficient rainfall. nan THE present drought began in the northwestern area. Mr. Kincer says, and then spread westward. southward, and eastward to the Appalachian mountains on the east; Tennessee, northern Arkansas and Texas on the south, and the Great Basin on the west. It was unusual in that it began so early this year. May was extremely dry.'’ he says, "the Ohio valley and lake region having less than one-fourth to a little more than a third of normal rainfall for the month It was the driest May of record in Ohio. Indiana. Illinois. lowa, and South Dakota, and the second driest of record in Kentucky, Minnesota. Nebraska and Montana. "Considering an entire year, from June. 1933. to May. 3934 it was the driest similar period of record in Indiana. Illinois. Missouri. low*. Wisconsin. Minnesota. both Dakotas, and Nebraska, and the second driest in Ohio and Michigan.” n n n THERE is no reason, however, in Mr. Kincer's opinion, to believe that the present drought constitutes a change to desert-iike conditions in the northwest. It is true that during the millions of years which constitute geological time, there have been major changes in climate in large areas of this comment. But ro permanent major change has taken place within recent time. “Our longest rainfall records indicate that the 1934 drought in the northwest is but what may naturally be expected to occur at comparatively long intervals to thirty to forty years.” Mr. Kincer says. The present situation, however, has been intensified bv severe dust storms in the northwest. These are due to the large amount of land now under cultivation as compared to the nineteenth century.

Questions and Answers

Q —Which states exclude alien Chinese and Japanese from ownership of real property. A—Arizona. California. Delaware. Idaho. Louisiana. Oregon ar.d Washington prohibit aliens of the yellow races from owning or acquiring real estate. In some other states they can own real estate subject to certain limitations, while in others they can own real es*a;e in the same manner as citizens of the United States. Q —Who were the stars in the old motion picture serial produced about twenty years ago, called “The Perils of Pauline?” A—Pearl White and Crane Wilbur.

Full L'hffil Wire Service ot the United Press Association

WHAT THE PRESIDENT WILL SEE

Haiti Happy, So Are Marines; 19-Year Occupation Nears End

T)m i the third of five srtirles on what President Roosevelt will see in Ameriran island possessions and Haiti, in the Canal Zone, as he passes through from Atlantic to Pacific, and in Hawaii, destination of his long voyage. a a a BY RODNEY DI TCHER Times NEA Service Staff Writer iCopyright. 1934. NEA Service. Inc.) WASHINGTON, July 2.—When President Roosevelt disembarks from the cruiser Houston in the beautiful harbor of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, he will see with his own eyes the beginning of the end of a long nineteen-year marine occupation which has pleased nobody. Haiti has chafed under it, the marines disliked it as a dirty job, it has been a constant source of irritation to the government, all South America has been suspicious of it—but in October it will be over. And when the American marines see the green hills of Haiti drop down on the receding horizon, a concluding chapter will be written in an occupation which began in 1915, almost unnoticed in the shadow of the World war. Ever since the war, a continual drumfire of opposition to the occupation has kept up in America, now at last successful. Despite the bitterness which the long American occupation has provoked on both sides, there seems no doubt that the United States and her marines leave Haiti a better place than they found it.

i nere is peace, were is political stability, there is budgetary balance and democratic government, where there was little but terror and confusion. The chapter which President Roosevelt is helping to write is an addition to a tale so fantastic that a romancer would, by writing it, lay himself open to the charge of pipe-dreaming. Discovered by Columbus, the island passed from Spain to France, and then freed itself by a brilliant revolt in which the Negro leader, Toussaint L'Overture, beat a large force of Napoleon's veteran troops. But Dessalines, Christophe, Bayer and a succession of Negro generals, emperors and dictators all failed to give Haiti in the long run anything better than bloody despotism and a constant ferment of revolutions for nearly 100 years. a a a BY 1914. democratic government of a sort had been established, but, broken by poverty and continual revolutions, there was only tumult. American, German, French and British marines all landed in Port-au-Prince in that year to protect life and property. In 1915, Vilbrun Guilliame Sam achieved the Dresidency and was recognized, but revolution against him started immediately. French and Gorman interests demanded protection. Then Sam, after brutally executing IPO revolutionists, was chased into the French legation and literally tom to pieces by a mob.

The

DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND

By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON, July 2.—There is a serious, as w'ell as a light side to the President's trip. His first objective is complete relaxation from the terrific strain of the last fifteen months. This he hopes to find on the high seas en route to Hawaii. But when early in August the President disembarks on the Pacific coast he plans to use the journey home for other than sight-seeing purposes. • In prepared speeches, at carefully selected points along the route, he will place the issue of the New Deal squarely before the country. A two-fold purpose underlies this strategy: 1. A bold offensive against the challenge of the Old Deal by emphasizing reform measures which the administration proposes to sponsor at the next session of congress. 2. A vigorous drive for the election of a New Deal congress—as distinguished from a partisan body—to enable the President to pass his proclaimed program. There will be at least four major addresses during the trip. One will be on the Pacific coast. Another at Ft. Peck, Mont., in the heart of the intermountain region. Others will be in the Twin Cities, in Minnesota, and at Green Bay, Wis. The President will talk on governmental development of national water projects, old age pensions, unemployment insurance, labor legislation and inland waterways—with particular reference to the St. Lawrence oceanwav, rejected last session, but to be revived next year. The President will not talk

politics. Local candidates and political will be rigidly eschewed. Any of the "boys” along the route who may be hoping for a presidential "hand up” are in for a bitter disappointment. Roosevelt will stick to national issues. nan OUERY: If Mrs. Henry A. Wallace had it to do over again, would she name that chrysanthemum “Georgia Peek"? The christening occurred during the "mum” show last November before the split between her husband. the secretary of agriculture, and Georgia Peek's husband, the administrator of the AAA. Mrs. Wallace had to name a lot of chrysanthemums at that time, and some people think that perhaps she just threw Mrs. George Peeks name at one of the flowers in passing. But research doesn't bear this out. "Georgia Peek” is an aristocratic variety. It is a gorgeous chrysanthemum, with white tubular petals and a yellow center formed by crossing "Mrs. Woodrow Wilson” and “Grace Coolldge.” nan INNER circles of the American Legion are churning with undercover maneuvering over choices for national commander. The annual convention Is scheduled for October. But most of the state conventions, at which delegates to the national meeting are chosen, take place in July. So "vet” politicos are at it, hammer and tongs. This year's battle centers around an attempt by a reform element to rid Legion inner councils of the dominance of the "king makers.” This is a small faction which has controlled election of national commanders almost from the origin of the legion. Its leaders are Mark McKee, Michigan; Phil Collins. Chicago, and Hanford MacNider. lowa. McKee's name figured prominently in the recent grand jury investigation into army motor purchasing methods. Collins was a candidate for the Republican national chairmanship at the Chicago confab last month. MacNider,

The Indianapolis Times

The marines landed, grabbed the bear by the tail and have been nineteen years letting go. And the man who was acting secretary of the navy during much of this period was Franklin D. Roosevelt, who now goes to see the end of the chapter he helped to begin, a a a IN 1920 came bitter charges against the administration of Colonel John H. Russell, commanding several thousand marines in Haiti, to the effect that 2.500 Haitians had been indiscriminately killed by marines. A rising tide of criticism of the venture came from liberals, who maintained that the occupation was only continued to help bankers who had lent money to Haiti collect their interest and principal, and that all efforts toward real home rule were being hamstrung by the American military. Gradually this opposition mounted. In the latter days of the Hoover administration, strenuous efforts w r ere made to get the United States out of Haiti. A proposed treaty was rejected by the Haitian senate, which had been re-established after a lapse of fourteen years. But w'ith displacement in 1930 of the tyrannical President Borno by the incumbent, Stenio Vincent, 200,000 Haitians went to the polls in orderly fashion, and light began to dawn. a a a Arrangements have been made with Vincent providing complete withdrawal of the marines by October of this year. A few' remain as instructors and

an assistant secretary of w 7 ar under Coolidge. was Hoover’s minister to Canada. The "king makers” are 100 per cent against the New Deal. Edward A. Hayes, Republican and national commander, who is tied up with the faction, is so opposed to the administration that he made a special trip to Washington to attend the Wirt hearings. nan Evangelical elder miCHAUX, Negro Billy Sunday of the capital, once proposed to baptize a flock of dark converts in the reflecting pool of the Lincoln Memorial. . . . The business of collecting ticks from the rear quarters of a cow is made easier for liepartment of agriculture experts by attiring the cow in a pair of bovine step-ins. . . . An admiral's son in the army! He is William C. Reeves, son of J. M. Reeves, commander of the United States fleet. Department of agriculture specialists have built a giant mechanical fly, which stands twentyfour inches in its stocking feet, to demonstrate in magnitude a house fly's germ-carrying tricks. . . . Mrs. Hattie Caraway, lone woman member of the senate, has one of the heaviest mails in congress. . . . She not only gets hundreds of letters from every section of the country, but scores from abroad, most of them seeking her “motherly advice” on every question under the sun. . . . Two of the senate's closest cronies have gone off on a quiet vacation junket before returning to their homes. . . . They are Senator Jim Couzens, wealthiest man in congress, and Senator Charley McNary, wiliest Republican politician on Capitol Hill, and they have hied themselves to Quebec for a week of golf, to be followed by a boat trip down the St. Lawrence river to Detroit, Couzens’ home. (Copyright. 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.i James Carothers Dead By Time* Snrrinl PITTSBURGH. July 2—James Carothers. 83. former president of the Pittsburgh Stock Exchange, died yesterday at the home of his son, Samuel Carothers.

INDIANAPOLIS, MONDAY, JULY" - 1931

One familiar sight will be missing from Haitian mountain trails after October, when United States occupation ends—marine pack trains wending their tortuous way through island villages, as seen upper left. At lower left is the presidential palace in Port-au-Prince. At right is President Stenio Vincent of the island republic.

drillmasters with the Haitian national guard, now w'ell organized under marine training. Agreements for funding and •gradually paying off $12,000,000 in Haitian bonds have been arrived at; the budget has been balanced and the prospect for a sane and effective native administration are the best in years. An American fiscal adviser w'ill remain. An admirable health service has been established, staffed by native physicians, which has greatly cut the pestilential yellow fever and

STRICT LIQUOR CONTROL URGED

City Council to Consider

Ordinance to Curb Night Gayety.

Provisions for stricter liquor control in the city are contained in a proposed ordinance to be introduced tonight at city council session. Under terms of the ordinance, no intoxicating alcoholic, malt or vinous liquors shall be sold at retail between 1 a. m. and 6 a. m. on week days or between 1 a. m. and 1 p. m. on Sundays. Music will be prohibited upon the premises where liquor is sold between these hours and minors s’lall not be employed at any time, the proposed ordinance sets out. The penalty for violations shall be six months’ imprisonment and a S3OO fine, or both, upon conviction. Because of the city’s police jurisdiction, the ordinance would apply also to establishments within a four-mile radius of the city limits. Firebug Hunted by Police Poljce today are seeking the whereabouts of a firebug following an incendiary fire yesterday in a vacant house at 617 North Senate avenue. The blaze was extinguished by firemen with slight damage.

SIDE GLANCES

2? i r*| '''' ." " . f UsfASEßv'ia I.SC *

“Call me at four in the morning. We’re going to try to make six hundred miles tomorrow.”

bubonic plague w'hich once made Port-au-Prince a very hell hole. a a a 'EyI'ANY miles of roads have been built and the services of the marines in helping to repair the ravages of the 1928 hurricane have not been forgotten. When the marines withdraw', a large amount of their equipment, permanent barracks and other material will be turned over to the national guard. The National City bank is offer-

Nazi Terror Reign Only Stopgap, Says Simms

BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign Editor WASHINGTON, July 2.—His back to the wall and fighting for dear life to hold on to his power, the Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler, has called to his aid the dictator's last resort: A reign of terror. That this will do no more than postpone the ultimate showdow'n is widely believed. So desperate is Germany’s political, economic and financial plight, close observers agree, that only statesmanship of the highest order can save her from disaster.

Hitler may surmount the present flare-up. For the moment he holds the whip hand. The arms of the country apparently are momentarily at his command. But no one takes seriously the statement of Minister of Aviation Von Goering that “the second Nazi revolution is over, with Hitler more firmly in the saddle than ever.” Foreign observers are convinced the revolution has only begun. Already Hitler has been obliged to call on the reichswehr, or regular army, and the police for support against his own Brown Shirts. This, it is observed, a Mussolini might do and get away with it, because Mussolini is one of the world's great statesmen. But Hitler is not, and the German reichswehr, at heart unsympathetic, is not expected to carry him much longer than he is shown to be dead timoer. Germany’s troubles are not superficial. They can not be cured by such remedies as Hiter applied Saturday. I spent some time in Germany last spring and cabled this

By George Clark

ing to sell to the Haitian government the Banque Nationale de la Republique d'Haiti, thus removing a further element of American control on the island. Thus President Roosevelt’s visit to Haiti, following a similar visit of President Vincent to Washington, makes a logical step in development of the “good neighbor policy,” with which it is hoped to establish a new' cordiality and understanding between the United States and her southern neighbors. Next: The Canal Zone.

newspaper that, ‘‘far from sitting on top of the world, Hitler is precariously perched upon a powder keg and that powder keg is Germany's 65,000000 people.” I reported that despite the then relatively calm surface there was going on ceaseless intrigue between individual Nazi leaders, between Nazi factions and between groups of Nazis and other powerful and patriotic groups which are not Nazis, but which, for the moment, were being forced to toe the line. This intrigue still is going on. The shootings and suicides of Saturday, at best, will only tend to drive it back under cover. The reason is that untold numbers of German citizens are bitterly hostile to Hitler and his whole scheme of things and are only biding their time to free themsleves from it. On top of all this, Germans are beginning to realize, in spite of one of the world's tightest censorships, that financial and economic collapse threatens them at home and hostile encirclement abroad, and that all this, in large measure, is due to Hitlerism. Big business, which at first backed Hitler, is turning against him. His ! policies have forced them to take on specified numbers of unemployed, j which they say they could not afford, on the one hand, and lost them their foreign markets, due to boycott, on the other. There is growing dissatisfaction among white collar workers, farmers, and petty bourgeoisie. The spread between what the farmer gets for his products and what the city consumer must pay for them is greater than ever. Real wages are falling. Prices are rising. Greater unemployment, dwindling exports and inflation are in prospect. The miracle worker who was going to scrap the treaty of Versailles, restore the colonies, give Germany her place in the sun, remake the race, and bring back good times, | more and more Germans are begini ning to feel, has failed to perform, i The new day he promised has turned ! out to be a false dawn, and unless j he soon makes good, not even the | reichswehr can prop him in power. Should Hitler fall, a military dictatorship backed by the standing army is regarded as the likeliest bet, with a monarchy taking over later on. DR. OXNAM IN LONDON De Pauw President Traveling in Europe With Party. Dr. G. Bromley Oxnam, president j of De Pauw university, accompanied by Mrs. Oxnam and their son, Phil, j arrived in London last week, on a summer tour of European countries, j They are members of a party of editors, ministers and educators making a study of social and economic conditions in Europe. The next point to be visited on the trip is Berlin.

Second Section

F.ntpred nn Necond-Clae* Matter at PostolTice. Indianapolis. InA.

Fair Enough, irHiut NEWPORT, R. 1., July 2.—Just as your correspondent expected, Newport is not the sort of place he expected it to be. The old summer capital and historic championship snubbing-ground of the very best families has its material aspects. There are the typical, somewhat slovenly, neighborly cops of the small American city; the poor streets and the middle-class streets of the local nobodies; bargain stores proclaiming exceptional opportunities in the way of blue shirts for 80 cents; hot-

doggeries; grocery stores and, nowadays, saloons along the waterfront. Presumably the saloons were speakeasies until a year ago, for Newport is in Rhode Island, and little Rhody never did ratify prohibition. The gobs of the fleet, a gregarious lot in any port, come ashore in their liberty parties. break into groups at the landing and vanish mysteriously on their social errands in the common quarter of the settlement. Alongside a building in this quarter of the port, an exterior stairway, with a sign

over the door, leads up to the social headquarters of the Filipino messbevs who never have been assimilated to the corps of gobs with whom they work. The marines flock together, too. a a a Guides' Know 'Em All Half-way up the hill tow-ard the dud-quarters a thumping is heard and smells issue from the back door of an Italian bakery w'here the bakers are beating dough with clubs, it is very dirty just around here and reminiscent of some of the slum neighborhoods of New York. At the top of the hill a lot of guides hang around, waiting for tourists, who come in cars from many states, gaping as they pass. The guides are tanned and rusty men who have looked at Astors and Vandeibilts and are blase about it. They are authorities on the homes, the family histories and the divorces of the very best people. In a town where Astors and Vanderbilts are as common as Cohens in New York they claim to know all of them by sight, including the bush-leaguers with only a few drops of the blood, and the hit-and-run kind who were married momentarily to various members of the clans or their in-laws or connections. There aie some authorities w'ho can tell you right quick whether a given member w'as born of the second marriage or the third and whom he married in consecutive order and w'ho married w'hom after that. The society reporters are very good at this. It is just as much their business to know all this kind of thing as it is the baseball reporter’s job to know who managed the Pirates in 1926. a a a Jusl Another Town SOME of the old houses are moldering away, with weeds knee-high in the gardens and the stucco crumbling off the brick pillars at the portals. Maybe the panic , got the old master. Or possibly it was his arteries or a bust-up in Reno or Paris. It causes thoughts of fleeting speculation. You wouldn't keep a broker in some of the old homes now. The road leads on and on, beyond the sight, smell and sound of the material phase of the town to the social, traditional zone. It is very pretty here, but to one whose early intellectual pabulum included illustrated stories in the Sunday supplements telling of high life in the mansions of Newport there is still a disappointment. Those must have been good stories in the old Sunday supplements for they left an indescribable illusion of case and something like sensual glory. But the day i3 hot even for the aristocracy and the fog has a metallic flavor. It is hard to breathe. Probably they have Katzenjammcrs, too, and get all churned up inside over their fights with the little woman after the guests are gone. ana Even at Last TRINITY church, where they had the Astor wedding, is not something built of the fleece of dreams, but a typical white clapboard New England church with a wooden steeple, slightly tipsy, and the conventional picture postcard churchyard of headstones and weathered box tombs. And still, though it stands on the hillside, quite close to the quarter where the nobodies live in old brick houses on narrow streets, and the bakery gives out smePs, it is the one bit of the fleece of dreams in all the town. The gents and ladies of the press are beyond dealing with. When the big yacht race was run, some of the males got tight and punched one another around at night, aping their betters from some of the big houses. And now they are peering and prying and asking questions concerning John Jacob Astor's stepfather, Enzo Fiermonte, the Italian prize fighter who divorced his wife and married John Jacob Astor's mother, w'ho divorced her husband. Enzo is a great embarrassment and the gents and ladies of the press know' this, but they delight to stick in the barb and turn it around. They are the vicars of the millions, getting hunk at last for the arrogance of generations of the 400. (Copyright, 1934, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

Your Health

B* DK. MORRIS FISHBEIN THE light case of infantile paralysis which has attacked. Ida Lupino, beautiful film actress, is one of what appears to be en epidemic of this vicious disease in California. There have been previous epidemics in that state in 1925, 1927, and 1930. The epidemic of 1930 was the most extensive California ever experienced. In that year, 1,903 cases were reported, with 157 deaths. At present the disease is spreading rapidly and there is no hope of a decrease before the coming of the first cold weather. It is typical of infantile paralysis that it is a summer and fall disease. In California the cold weather is not likely to appear until late November. For that reason doctors are advising parents not to take children into California at the present time, because children are much more likely to catch this disease than are older persons. nun INFANTILE paralysis, like scarlet fever and diphtheria, is spread frequently by healthy persona who are carriers of the disease, rather than by direct contact with the sick person. A few’ years ago it was suggested generally that nfantile paralysis might be prevented by inoculat„ng children with the blood of those who have recovered from the disease. Later it was shown that even the blood of healthy grown-up persons has in it certain powers of prevention against this disease, perhaps because of slight attacks of the disease and the carrying of antisubstances of the disease in their blood. n an INDEED, there is still some doubt as to the value of the injections of the blood of those who have recovered, in treating a child who has been diagnosed definitely as having infantile paralysis. Every child who develops an illness with sore throat, fever, headache, pains in the stomach or drowsiness should be regarded as a possible victim of an iniectioas disease and should be kept in bed until the diagnosis is made definitely. Absolute rest w'ith as little disturbance as possible is of the greatest \alue, both before the diagnosis and after. That kind of rest should cover a long period of time, because there sometimes are periods of quiet between periods of severe illness in the various stages of this disease. v Not all children who are infected with this condition are paralyzed. Thos who are not paralyzed sometimes are capable of spreading the disease.

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