Indianapolis Times, Volume 46, Number 34, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 June 1934 — Page 11

ft Seems to He ffiYMDBIH A COLUMNIST on the Washington Post named Carlisle Bargeron was kind enough recently to do a piece about me. But as I found “he writes a delightful column—on a party he is an engaging story teller—as a companion he is a crackerjack,” I knew that he was getting ready to swing a right hand punch from the floor. Whether I got my guard up in time may be questioned, but at least I saw it

coming. “I never have associated him with great mental depth. Indeed, I doubt that he ever has had a really serious thought in his life.” As to mental depth I am a little uncertain myself, but even a shallow person may be earnest. After a great number of years I am bored to death with the assertion and the concept that I always am clowning. I reject the accusation either as a compliment or an indictment. Not more than three times in a year do I succeed in making myself laugh and I am one of the easiest audiences in all the world.

: -JfP

Heywood Broun

This convinces me that I am not in any sense a humorist. tt St tt The Answer Is *No* ONLY a few weeks ago a critic wrote for a weekly magazine an article in which he proved, among other things, that Broun is not a satirist. I hope his labor was Compensated adequately in some space arrangement since in any other case here was labor lost. I could have told him “no” before he started and so could half a thousand readers. Five hundred column clients can’t be wrong. Or, as the story goes, “Grandma wasn’t playing.” A good many years ago I took a course on English satirists and received B minus as my mark at the , end of the term. That makes me an expert. Dean Swift, I gather, was one of them. If he is, then I am not even a minor leaguer in the same enterprise. The fact is that I am playing the opposite side of the street. I do not expect commentators to find me either witty, sophisticated or wise. With tears in my eyes and a chip on my shoulder I must insist that I am not amiable. In middle-age every disappointed man turns crabbed. I wanted to be a landscape painter and when I found I could not make it my next best bet seemed to be biting prominent people in the ankles. Naturally, I mean in type. This snarling and snapping process has gone on for several years now and the net result is all right as far as I’m concerned. In my most cantankerous moods I’ve barked at many who turned out to be better men than I could reasonably have expected. But on the whole the people I loathed upon nothing more than instinct and the twitching of my thumbs turned out to be individuals whom I could detest most sincerely and thoroughly upon better acquaintance. Quite often I have said to myself, “There's something w r rong with this bird. I don’t like him. I can’t put my finger on his fatal flaw but only give me time and I’ll find a reason.” tt tt m He Took It Back I have no time I’ve frequently brought in minority reports censuring persons against whom my case was by no means complete. In almost every instance some later circumstance turned up to make my original spot judgment just. Twice at least I blundered. The list probably is longer than that, but I happen to remember two instances in which my first snap judgment led me to decisions which I later was forced to reverse publicly with no little humiliation. In Chicago, just about two years ago, I wrote one of the most violent columns of my career and aimed it at Franklin D. Roosevelt. The attack came from the heart. Nobody made the slightest suggestion that I should embark against the leading candidate in just this way. Within six months I had to eat every word I had written including all the long ones. My second blunder came in my catch as catch can evaluation of Gene Tunney when first he came to public attention. As an old Dempsey rooter I found everything wrong in the personality and performance of the new champion. At the present time I think of Tunney as one of the most attractive men I know. I haye burned my verbs, my adjectives and my adverbs behind me. But a couple of slips do not make a pattern of failure. There are ever so many people whom I hated ten years ago who still remain rascals or stuffed shirts in my opinion. Mostly my snap judgments have been good. The men I ringed within a yellow circle still are confined within the boundaries of that chalk line. I am not stalwart enough to say that every honest hate of mine will last forever. But in spite of my severest critics I hardly have an amiable nerve in my body. I like people in the mass and tend to distrust them as they break up into little groups. (Copyright. 1934. by The Times)

Your Health -BY DR, MORRIS FISHBEIN

FOR the health of your child today, you can feel indebted partly to the famous British navigator. Captain James Cook, who sailed the seas for the royal British navy in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Because of Captain Cook's keen observation and experiments with his sailors, we now know the cause of scurvy, a disease that debilitates and causes much suffering. To be sure, we know also that scurvy can be prevented by adequate amounts of vitamin C, but Captain Cook reported that he was able to prevent the trouble by keeping fresh fruits and vegetable on board his vessels. It was on his voyage around Cape Horn, back in 1768, that Captain Cook noticed many of his men were getting tired and pale, that large black and blue spots appeared on their bodies, that their gums would bleed and their joints would become painful because of the bleeding that took place in them. And the famous navigator discovered that this took place after he had run out of fresh fruits and vegetables. a a a TODAY, scurvy is uncommon among us, because most Americans eat a well-balanced diet. Scurvy can be prevented by adequate amounts of vitamin C, most frequently found in fresh fruits and vegetables. When artificial feeding of babies was introduced, scurvy began to appear rather frequently among them. Babies fed by their mothers did not have scurvy, because the mothers ate fresh fruits and vegetables and the babies got vitamin C in their mothers’ milk. We know today that heat kills vitamin C and that any baby on an artificial diet, or one containing large amounts of milk and not much of anything else, simply has to have fresh fruit or vegetable juices to prevent, scurvy. Orange juice or tomato juice or any other fruit or vegetable will do. a a a IT is well, in fact, for every baby to get some orange juice, beginning with the age of one month or even earlier. A teaspoonful may be given daily at the start, and if the juice is a little sour a small amouxjt of sugar can be added. It is best to give the orange juice- about an hour after the feedings. As the baby grows, the amount of orange juice can be increased gradually until a tablespoonful is given at three months and two tablespoonfuls at six months. Tomato juice, it has been found, is equally useful. but be sure that the baby is not getting the socalled tomato juice cocktail, which contains not only the tomato juice, but a good deal of spices in the form of paprika and peppers. These are likely to irritate an infant's digestive system. Older children who receive plenty of fruits and vegetables need not have added orange and tomato juice. However, it is well to realize that the orange and tomato juice contain more vitamin C proportionately than other fruits and vegetables.

The Indianapolis Times

Full Leased Wire Service of the United Press Association

GREAT BRITAIN WALKS IN FEAR

Terror Grips England as Deadly Power of Germany Is Bared

This is the first of a series of five articles giving the British viewpoint on the crisis that faces Europe, with failure of the Geneva arms conference. German rearmament, and the constantly growing menace of another great conflict. It is another of the series of articles written by William Philip Simms on his tour of the world for The Times. tt tt tt BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign Editor (Copyright. 1934. NEA Service. Inc.) LONDON, June 20.—The British government is said to have come into possession of information so'startling regarding the state ana nature of German preparedness that it does not dare make the extent of it public. To do so would not only place anew and dangerous strain on an already tense situation in Europe, but an alarmed public opinion might force Britain into hasty and ill-considered counter-moves of her own. As late as six months ago, the British are said to have paid little heed to a quite alarming report from one of their own investigators confirming French charges of rearmament across the Rhine. Anew report, I am told, however, amplifies the first and in such detail as to abolish all remaining doubt. This report, I am informed on excellent authority, makes it plain that Germany is already in position to strike whenever she feels it would be to her advantage to do so—suddenly, terrifically, and literally like the proverbial bolt out of the blue.

By this it is not meant that Germany right now is deliberately contemplating unleashing war. On the contrary, my own investigations in Germany convince me she is playing for time. But British information is that she can strike, and decisively, if the cards fall that way. When the British speak of German preparedness, they are not thinking in terms of 1914, but of the modern versions—war waged largely in the air, and with chemicals, incendiary shells and high explosives dropped from planes. tt tt tt FURTHERMORE, Germany generally is believed to have evolved anew war plan, a plan as

The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen —

WASHINGTON. June 20.—Those who were preparing for a peaceful, quiet Washington summer have just suffered a painful shock. Diplomats who had started packing trunks for northern summer resorts and lobbyists who had figured on a breathing spell, hurriedly are revising their plans. They had figured without considering the new tariff bargaining bill and the fact that a score of new trade treaties will be written in Washington this summer. This type of treaty is absolutely new and may be historic. The treaties may last a year, six months, perhaps only three months. The state department expects to change them constantly. This flexibility is necessary because of changing costs and values. Because of this rapidity of treaty turnover and because of the great variety of commodities affected, the lobbyists are getting ready for the busiest, summer on record.

The state and treasury departments, which will have most to do with the new trade pacts, are being urged to negotiate first of all a model treaty. This would be so favorable to the United States that it would sell the country on the principle of the new negotiations. One country being proposed as a potential party to a model treaty is Cuba. Another is Brazil. Frofn the latter, the United States imports coffee, cocoa and rubber, none of them competing with American products. Brazil will be asked to give many concessions to hold her markets.

In charge of these tariff negotiations will be Francis Sayre, son-in-law of Woodrow Wilson. He married Jessie Wilson, has three children, the youngest being Woodrow Wilson, grandson of the late President. Sayre once served as adviser to the king of Siam, negotiated for him commercial treaties with most world powers, is the most decorated man in Washington. He was appointed on the suggestion of his father's-in-law old friend, Colonel House. Sayre is cautious, calm, safe, unimaginative, colorless and conscientious. Those who know him think he will throw away few American business advantages, probably win some from foreign countries. ana A GROUP of New Dealers were talking about the progress of the public works program. Someone remarked that senate Progressives felt the work was not proceeding rapidly enough to be a potent stimulant to recovery. “I don’t believe there is just cause for complaint,” quietly observed Secretary (Honest Harold) Ickes. public works administrator. "Every legitimate project has received prompt and decisive consideration.” “What about the Philadelphia postoffice?” interjected a Quaker Cityite. “I said legitimate,” replied Ickes. a a a . THE MAIL BAG P, 8., Kansas City, Mo.—The federal emergency relief administration reports that last winter approximately one-fourth of the population of South Carolina, Florida and West Virginia were on unemployment relief. It advises further that conditions in these states have shown considerable improvement, that relief rolls are markedly decreased. O. TANARUS., Dover, o. —Under an act recently passed by congress the attorney-general is empowered to offer a $25,000 reward for the capture of criminals, “dead or alive.” Attorney-General Cummings who favored the measure, sought to have it confined only to captures alive, but congress insisted on no restrictions. W. 8., St. Augstine, Fla.—Confidential reports reaching National Democratic headquarters here concerning the run-off race between Senator Park Trammell and Claude Pepper, his 34-year-old opponent, are to the effect that Trammell faces the most serious contest of his political career. J. C. Ogdensburg, N. Y.—Expenditures of the federal government in May fell to the lowest level since November, but continued at a rate which promises to bring the total outlay for the current fiscal year—ending June 30— to anew peacetime record. Income of the government for the first eleven months of the current fiscal year amounted to $2,724,547,270, leaving a deficit of $3,647,230,455. T. K„ Tokio, Japan—The United States congress consists of 531 members, ninety-six senators, 435 representatives. The first American congress had sixty-five members. (Copyright, 1934, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)

far beyond that utilized in 1914 as that of 1914 was beyond the Civil war. Fundamentally, it seems, the idea is to win by a knockout in the very first round—to strike so hard and so unexpectedly that the enemy would be paralyzed by the initial olow—to smash the nerve centers and prevent the enemy from even getting started. Some time ago the official organ of the German General Staff, the “Militarwochenblatt,” outlined what “the next war” would be like. It said: “The strategy of tomorrow must seek to concentrate all available forces on the first moment of the

DUSTLESS ROADS ARE PROMISED FOR STATE Oiling of 725 Miles to be Pushed by Highway Chief. Dustless roads for Indiana within the next thirty days are promised by James D. Adams, chairman of the state highway commission. Mr. Adams said oiling of gravel and stone-surfaced roads was started this week and the work will be rushed as fast as the weather permits. More than 3,500,000 gallons of road oil have been purchased by the highway department for the dust preventive campaign and a total of 724.53 miles of state highway will be treated. ‘GLOOMY DEAN’ QUITS ST. PAUL CATHEDRAL The Very Rev. Inge Resigns Post at Age of 74. By United Press LONDON, June 20.—The Very Rev. William Ralph Inge, “gloomy dean” of St. Paul’s cathedral, has resigned effective Nov. 2. He will be succeeded by Dr. Walter R. Matthews, 53, at present dean of Exeter cathedral. Dr. Matthews is famed as a theologian and writer. Dean Inge is 74 and has been dean of St. Paul's since 1911. He achieved international fame for his outspoken views, in which the easy optimism of materialism was conspicuously absent. RUMOR ROYAL ROMANCE Prince Bertil of Sweden to Wed Holland Princess, Is Report. By United Press LONDON, June 20.—Gossips sought today to connect the joint presence in London of Princess Juliana of Holland, heir to the throne of her mother, Queen Wilhelmina, and Prince Bertil of Sweden, with the possibility of a royal romance. Bertil was asked of the likelihood of an early announcement. "I am awfully sorry, but 1 prefer to say nothing,” he replied. LIBERAL PARTY VICTOR Provincial Government Beaten in Canadian Balloting. By United Press OTTAWA, June 20.—Liberal party leaders, jubilant over decisive victories in two provincial elections, predicted today that Prime Minister R. B. Bennett would call a general Canadian election next fall. Liberal landslides in Ontario and Saskatchewan unseated provincial governments which had ruled for five years. S A H ARAGROTT ONIGH T CARDED AT STADIUM 65-Piece Band, Parade to Feature Baseball Night Bill. The second annual Sahara Grotto night will be held tomorrow at Perry stadium when the Indianapolis Indians will play Minneapolis for the leadership of the American Association. A 65-piece band, drum and bugle corps and a uniformed parade with clowns, will entertain.

INDIANAPOLIS, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 20, 1934

Premier Ramsay MacDonald . . . he and his cabinet worry over the specter of a rearmed Germany. opening of hostilities. Success must be immediate and complete. The effect of surprise must be so crushing that the advers&ry will find it materially impossible to organize his defense.” tt tt THE dire straits in which the world now finds itself, the article continued, make that kind of struggle imperative. The nations are too poor to stand an-

FARLEY WILL SPEAKIN CITY Democratic Boss to Open National Campaign Here July 11 or 12. V By Times Special WASHINGTON. June 20.—Post-master-General James A. Farley has put Indiana first on the list for a personal appearance in his role of national Democratic chairman in the fall campaign. Tentative date for an Indianapolis appearance is July 11 or 12, Mr. Farley said. Keith Johns, secretary of the Indiana Democratic state committee, said he believed a national meeting of postmasters is scheduled for French Lick, Ind., about that time and that perhaps Mr. Farley would address them in Indianapolis first. Sherman Minton, Indiana’s Democratic nominee for United States senator, is expected to confer with Mr. Farley here Friday. Meantime, Congressman Louis Ludlow is remaining in Washington trying to get $1,400,000 from the $65,000,000 earmarked PWA fund to complete the new wing for the Indianapolis postoffice. The building was approved by the treasury department when it would have cost but $1,200,000 to construct. But it failed to get the o. k. of Interior Secretary Harold F. Ickes, PWA administrator. By 'Times Special WASHINGTON, June 20.—After being in conference with government officials for three days in regard to functions of the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation -in Indiana, E. Kirk McKinney, state manager, will leave Washington tonight for Indianapolis. CONVENTION CANDIDATES MUST FILE EXPENSES Precedent Set in Ruling by State Elections Board. Candidates for nomination in the recent Democratic and Republican state conventions must file expense accounts similar to those filed* by candidates in primary elections, the state elections board ruled today. The ruling, which established a precedent, was written by Fred C. Gause, Republican board member and concurred in by W. W. Spencer, Democratic member. It was made public by Mr. Spencer.

SIDE GLANCES

— n— 1 1 I sisS “I think you’re just buying one more thing we haven’t any . use for. 1 * .4

other long conflict. The World war cost 250 billion dollars. Another like that would not only bolshevize the entire globe, but the victor would have for his spoils only a smoking shambles. The “next war,” therefore, would have to be won at a single blow. While not much attention was paid to the study at the time, Germany now is believed fully prepared, if she feels there is no other way out, to follow this plan. The British cabinet, headed by Ramsay MacDonald, accordingly is said to be back where the cabinet was in 1914—immensely worried and divided over the course to take. It is said to have been informed that, in a “knocked-down” condition and otherwise, Germany now' possesses more first line planes than France can muster; that she has thousands of spare motors; that her factories can deliver 2,400 planes a month; that each of twenty different airfields is turning out an average of 120 licensed pilots monthly—approximately 30,000 a year; that in men, industries and material of the kind required to wage the new form of warfare visualized above, Germany already has a potential advantage over France of 5 to 2. tt tt tt 'T'HE growing air menace is what frightens Britain most. She has stopped worrying so much over the sea. She ceased to be an island the day Bleriot flew the channel. In thirty minutes the sky above London could be black with planes from the Continent. To prevent this horror, there is already the beginning of a clamor. But how to do it—whether by a new European entente, a remodeled League of Nations, an implemented Kellogg pact, or to fight fire with fire by outbuilding her neighbors—Britain does not now seem to know. Next—Revision of peace pacts is vital to avert another world smashup, Lord Ponsonby declares.

TODAY and TOMORROW * * * tt tt By Walter Lippmann

TF the record of the seventy-third congress is an extraordinary one Os npnnio P !?£ atlon IS obvious one ! it was elected by a huge majority P e °P le - who were discontented, and it assembled in the midst of one of ZcT iff “f thi l CoU “ try ever has ex P ene nced in t££ ot peace, its methods and its actions have been extraordinary because the conditions it confronted were extraordinary.

When the whole record is studied in the perspective of ~history it well may be that the most conspicuous achievement of this congress will be held to be its demonstration that American institutions are flexible enough to adapt themselves to great emergencies. That well may prove to be more permanently important than any or all of the specific measures that are called the New Deal. For the moment, measures like the NRA, the AAA, and so forth, seem very important. But who would venture to say how much of them will remain three years hence, or in what form they will be perpetuated? There has been much excitement about the securities act and the stock market bill and the banking bill, but by the time they have been worked out, administered and adapted, they are not likely to seem half so important as they are supposed to be. But what will remain and will, I believe, seem more important as this period recedes into the past, is the precedent, now established, as to how to make representative government work in America during great crises. What this congress has done is to consent to the temporary concentration of power over fiscal policy in the hands of the executive. It gave him control of expenditures. It gave him control of monetary policy. It gave him partial control of tariff rates. a a a THIS is a radical, though temporary, change of the balance of power within the Ameri-

By George Clark

<. :

England is concerned over the health of David Lloyd George, shown here in a late picture, though a recent illness was not serious, according to his physicians. The war-time premier, at 71, still is active in public affairs and retains a large following.

can constitutional system. The change was effected because public opinion, reflecting itself in congress, demanded prompt, decisive and coherent action. It is impossible to have action that is prompt, decisive or coherent when fiscal policy is worked in detail by congressional logrolling. The pork barrel, pensions, patronage and the tariff have been subjected to the leadership of the President. This shift in the balance of political power has taken place in all countries which have had to deal with the dangers and the demoralization of extreme deflation. In the countries which are unstable politically the change has been effected by setting up militarized dictatorships. In the old countries, which long have traditions of freedom, the change has been effected by less violent means. But it has been effected. In England, by the election of a national government with such an overwhelming majority that the party system was, in fact, suspended. In Australia, by a kind of coalition government which suspended partisanship. a a a TN all countries it was impossible by the ordinary processes of government to deal with the crisis. The normal practices produced deadlock and paralysis in which there was really no government strong enough to govern. In one way or another it became necessary to concentrate the initiative and equip it with authority. The great difference between the method of the free countries and the method of the others is that in England, France and America the legislature has relinquished specific powers, but has not relinquished the power to recover its powers. Not only do the grants of power made by congress expire automatically, but they can not be renewed, except by another congress freely elected by the voters. That is why it is so misleading to talk about a dictatorship in Washington. The very essence of a dictatorship is that it can perpetuate itself as long as it has the physical force. The Roosevelt powers are limited strictly in time and can be extended only by anew congress. a a a THAT this congress has granted the President more powers than an executive ought to have in normal times seems to me certain. I can not imagine the people assenting for long to a system, fbr example, under which trade associations and a few officials make federal laws covering whole industries. Nor can I imagine all the vast power of Agricultural Adjustment Administration permanently at the discretion of officials. Nor such vast blanket powers to spend and to lend money. The more we come out of the depression the less tolerable such powers will seem. And yet I do not see how we can fail to find assurance in the knowledge that a concentration of power is possible under our system and that it can be effected for a limited period of time and without in any way suspending the Bill of Rights or the machinery by which emergency powers can be repealed. For institutions which can bend in a storm are much less likely to break. (Copyright, 1934.)

Second Section

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice. Indianapolis. Ind.

Fair Enough: MSTWK NEW YORK, June 20.—There seems to be no stopping the educators, even though the supply of educated people far exceeds the demand even now’ and there is a dearth of people who are dumb enough to think they are well off when they are not. The newspapers at present are printing long lists of students who are receiving diplomas certifiying that they have been sprayed with education and have absorbed a certain proportion of it. Os course, the education will not be permanent in all cases but

practically all of the graduates will retain enough of their knowing to spoil them for the kind of life which the future has in store for them and make them restless and sore for the remainder of their days. They have been smarted-up to such a degree that they will not want to become field hands at 75 cents a day or laborers of the same type as the hunkies who performed very satisfactory service in the building of the country and thought, in their dumbness, that they were living the life of Reilly. On the other hand, there

are not enough banks and trust companies any more to absorb the old quota of vice-presidents, each with his name-plate on his little desk and a stenographer sufficiently attractive to constitute a )ersonal problem. They are turning out a great many architects again this year, although building is at a standstill and is not likely to resume unless it is decided to plow under some of the office buildings and community centers of the present oversupply. tt tt tt Surplus Experts, Too A ND many students of agriculture are being -IV. graduated, fully instructed in the pernicious and unpatriotic work of raising more and fatter hogs and bigger crops in a country whose most baffling and expensive problem has been a surplus of food. In the general effort to restrict production there has been no attempt to curtail the output of educated citizens, smart enough to know’ that things do not go well with them, for whom the country has no jobs to offer suitable for their talents and their tastes. It seems that an educator can not restrain the impulse to tell other people all he knows when the human way to do would be to keep his knowing a secret. He likes to get up before a class and blab and in the course of a few years a young man or woman who might have remained dumb and content with a bare living in a cabin begins to have illusions about success in life. But there is not enough success to go around and the result is disappointment and discontent for those w’ho were educated for the gamble but missed. tt tt tt Hitler Wants 'Em Dumb IWISH I could cultivate the habit of saving old clippings because there was a story from Germany recently which said, in substance, that Mr. Hitler had taken a practical view of the problem of overeducation and had decreed that only a limited number of students might enter college this year. Mr. Hitler did not want too many smart people in Germany because when people get smart they do not like to do rough, coarse work for ordinary wages. They had enough lawyers, writers, scientists and serious thinkers to last for some time and Mr. Hitler wanted more farmers and laborers, preferably not very bright. Probably too much stress has been laid on scholarship and too many medals and honors have been awarded for intensive cultivation of the intellect. General Johnson, at the beginning of the NRA, suggested that the patriotic manufacturer was the one who used the largest number of employes to produce a given amount of goods, w’hich was contrary to the proud ideal of industrial efficiency, and got away with it. My suggestion, just as a feeler, would be that the dumbest flunks in college this year be awarded some sort of distinction. A certificate of ignorance signed by the president might be appropriate—and a guarantee of a job as fieldhand at 75 cents a day. They told me that the dumb six-bit hand in the cotton fields was the happiest man on earth. (Copyright. 1934, bv United Feature Syndicate. Inc.)

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ

THE problem of consciousness is one of the largest and most difficult problems facing the modern psychologist. Every one feels that he knows what he means by the use of the word consciousness, yet the psychologist is at a considerable loss to define the word. Certain schools of psychology, notably the behaviorists. would abolish the word altogether. One wit, describing the situation, said that first psychology lost its soul, then its mind, and then its consciousness, so that nothing is left but behavior. Another suggested that the inscription, "Know thyself.” which appears over the doorway of a famous psychological laboratory, be changed to read. "Behave yourself.” All psychologists, however, do not go as far a3 Watson and his school of behaviorists, who would abolish the use of the word consciousness. Watson holds that there is no such thing as thinking. He calls it “sub-vocal talking”—talking to yourself under your breath. To him, thinking is just one more method of physical behavior. Most psychologists, however, and certainly the newest school of “Gestalt” psychologists, would disagree with Watson. Much of the discussion grows out of the approach to psychology. Many investigators are inclined to regard psychology as a branch of physiology. Physiology deals with the behavior of the human organism. a a a PSYCHOLOGY and physiology must, in many cases, investigate the same phenomena. It is impossible. for example, to understand psychological phenomena without an understanding of the physiology of the nervous system. But many psychologists feel that there is more to psychology than the physiology of the nervous system or the reactions of muscular tissue. These facts are emphasized by Professor Edwin G. Boring of Harvard university. He says: “My thesis is that scientific psychology needs more than to become the physiological psychology that Wundt originally called it, and that we are not entirely without the means of proceeding in this direction. Psychology, it seems to me, needs to save for its own uses both consciousness and the nervous system, and it must have both if it is to survive.” ; u n n INTROSPECTION, that is, the attempt upon the part of the psychologist to explore what went on' in his own mental processes, failed to yield a satisfactory system of psychology. Professor Borin says. He would have us “admit that psychology is not peculiar among the sciences, that introspection is as much a method as any of the other methods of observation, that it is a method whereby on the basis of experience we establish the existence or occurrence of mental ‘realities,’ like sensations or seen movements or any of the other phenomenal objects which introspection yields.”

Questions and Answers

Q —Are there any snakes in Alaska? A—No. Q—Were the Romans ever slaves of the Greeks? A—No. h

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Westbrook Pegler