Indianapolis Times, Volume 45, Number 298, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 April 1934 — Page 11

H SeemsioMe HOTO® NOUN /~\F late I've read a lot about regimentation under the new deal. And before my astonished eyes there is spread a three-column newspaper cut of “Minute Men *1934 Model) Protesting Loss of Liberty.” The caption beneath explains that a petition signed by 1.200 citizens of Lexington is being presented to Congresswoman Edith Nourse Rogers 'Rep., Mass), to commemorate the 159th anniversary of the first clash between the American revolutionists and the redcoats. The Minute Men <1934 Model) ere protesting against unreasonable interference by the federal government in the affairs of a free people.” It is enough to make Paul Revere not only turn in his grave, but cry out in sepulchral tones, * Whoa. Betsy! There's no particular point in going through with this dash-danged ride.” Just what the Lexington Minute Men <1934 Model) ha\e lost except their wits is a mystery to

me. It rather looks as if the tories of a century and a half ago left hostages to fortune before they quit the countryside. Surely the smug little group in the photograph hardly suggests the ragged line of farmers who tried to block the road against the British as the detachment of redcoats swung bark to Boston after burning stores up Concord way. b b a They Faced the Musketry WE never called it the Battle of Lexington in the school where I was taught. It was known to us as the Lexington

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Heywood Broun

Massacre, because the British poured a volley into the pickets and marched ahead, leaving our first dead behind them. Surely the Minute Men <1934 Model i who march behind the drum beats of Wilham Randolph Hearst, the fife call of Jim Rand and the tremulous picolo strains of Dr. William Wirt can not honestly imagine that they are taking up once again the struggle which their ancestors made against intrenched privilege and the might and majesty of the most powerful empire the world had •seen up to that time. In the light of modern industrial development Geoige was a puny potentate, Lord North a rural magistrate and Howe a police sergeant. It is quite true that the ancestors of 1934’s slightly muddled Minute Men were not revolutionists in the sense in which a Trotzky or a Lenin might have used that word. They were small farmers, craftsmen and a few' minor merchants fighting against what we now know as imperialism. It was not a proletarian revolution, but that could hardly have been expected, because the slaves and the landless didn’t even have a name for their lot, let alone a sense of solidarity. a a a Not Red but Reddish American Revolution was not red. but it was ■*- at least the reddest thing seen in these parts up ♦o the year 1775. And as the conflict went on it did take on a more radical aspect than was visible in its early phases. It was not until the colonials had actually felt the presure of agony that they began to talk in terms of ‘'life, libery and the pursuit of happiness." And I would like to remind the Minute Men <1934 Model) that when this idea caught fire in the American mind it almost immediately suggested planning and co-ordination. The colonists came out of the American Revolution with far more government than they had known when they went in. Indeed, in declaring their revolutionary right to throw off a yoke which was oppressive the signers of the Declaration announced their intention "to institute new government, laying its foundahion on such principles and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness." In this early fighting temper it is evident that the leaders were quite ready to commit themselves to whatever form of government would be most likely to make the pursuit of happiness something more than a wild goose chase for the mass of mankind. The safety of which they spoke was quite evidentv an estate which they desired for all men and not a privileged few. Every man who signed put a halter around his neck, and they were bold men willing to stake their lives upon the fulfilment of a dream. When it came time to adopt a Constitution the shadow- of the gallows was gone, and I'm sorry to say that some of the dreamers turned practical and prudent once, again. But I think there is every reason why patriots should appeal in case of conflict from the Constitution to the Declaration, from America sobered by victory to America drunk with the dream of anew world Utopia.

By Right of the Declaration IF the federal government “interferes in the affairs of a free people" to shorten hours and raise wages and lift the burden of starvation and unemployment from the millions I say that there is warrant in the declaration for a hundred times the amount of interference we have yet seen. When a business man who has just been hoisted out of the gutter of complete depression and balanced on his "interference" and "regimentation" I think it pertinent to ask him why he doesn’t go back where he came from. Is there any living mortal who has forgotten the regimentation which America experienced during the darkest days of rugged individualism. How' about the regimentation of the jobless and the cold and hungry? The height of regimentation is the lot of the worker to whom no man offers opportunity. “Get back there in line!” a cop cries out. and slowly the breadline ambles one foot forward toward the window of the soup tickets. What is that but the ultimate in regimentation? Turn back to Lexington, you Minute Men of 1334. and kneel at the tomb of your ancestors. Perhaps some fragment of the dream still remains. I mean the climactic factor in their trilogy—"the pursuit of happiness." lCopyright. 1934 bv Thr Tiniest

Your Health —BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN -

SPRING fever is not a fever, in the real sense of the word. It's largely a state of mind. The feeling of laziness and the desire for relaxation which you seem to get at this time of year is quite a natural phenomenon, instead of being a condition which ought to be overcome. Certainly it is no indication of filling the body with laxatives and cathartics and thus stimulating a false kind of activity that is most likely to lead to colitis. Nevertheless, the coming of spring offers opportunities for improvement of your health that simply do not exist with the winter cold. Springtime beckons every one to the out-of-doors. It Is a time when you can spend hours in the fresh air and beneath the sun without the danger of sunburn or sunstroke that exists in midsummer. Moreover, the spring, rather than the first of January, really marks the beginning of the year. It is. therefore, the best time of all for having a checkup of the physical condition of your body. This will indicate the extent to which you may participate in the exercises and sports of the summer months. a a a THE functions of living bodies are likely to be rhythmical and the coming of spring is the time when the wave begins to turn. This does not mean that spring is a time when health is to be sought in a bottle. The compound that nature offers is one combining adequate amounts of fresh air. exercise, and sunshine. The heavy clothing of winter may be removed; the heavy diet of winter may be replaced bv milk, fruits, and fresh vegetables in greater amount, because the body does not need the quantity of fuel-providing material required in the winter. If there is anything in particular that ought to b taken in greater quantities for spring fever, it is a somewhat larger amount of water, because, with stimulation of the functions of the skin, more water will be needed for the chemistry of the body.

Foil Leased Wire Service o! the United Press Association

CHINA—SICK DOWAGER OF ASIA Nanking May Abandon Vast Territory, Fight in Compact Area

With Japan anundinr a nwr, sharp arninr to the world to stop interfrrine In Chfnrse affairs, this sorir* of articles by William Philip Simms, famed ScrippsHoward foreign editor, is of especial interest and timeliness. This is the third article of the series on China, written on Simms' world tour for The Times. a a a BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign Editor iCopynght, 1934, by NEA Service. Inc.) Nanking. Apnl 24—Abandoning all hope of being able to stop attempts at further piecemeal dismemberment. China now’ plans to consolidate her position within a much smaller, more compact area and there prepare for a comeback. Prepared if need be to abandon two-thirds of her enormous territory for an indefinite period, China has begun one of the most amazing efforts at national recovery since the time of the classic stratagem of the Trojan horse. The Japanese art of jiu-jitsu wrestling is based on training. The weak win over the strong by appearing to yield at an unexpected moment, then tripping the onrushing opponent thus caught off his guard. Aged and feeble China is going to try to jiu-jitsu husky young

Nippon. Chinese leaders do not try to conceal their belief that the position of the republic is precarious. They are convinced that Japanese activities on the Asiatic mainland just have begun. They fully expect further aggression from that quarter. And they are unanimous that, so far as China is concerned, she can not stop them. That is the basis of China’s present program. a a a SECOND. China is now keenly aware that for an indefinite period to come she can expect little or no practical help from the league of nations, the nine-power treaty signatories, or any of the other component parts of the world peace machinery. Ergo, China must begin to look out for herself. But this she can not do if, in addition to facing attacks from without, she must engage ir two or three civil wars inside her own borders. In addition to China proper, there are Manchuria, Jehol, Mongolia. Chinese Turkestan and Tibet and China has no means of getting at any of them. Bluntly, the Chinese geography for the moment is too vast. The pow-er of the Nanking government simply won't spread that far. It is doubtful even if the strongest of the western powers could cope with China's foreign and domestic difficulties, given her dearth of communications. From Nanking to western Sinkiang and Tibet takes two or three months by primitive and perilous river and camel travel. “How about airplanes?” I asked. “No place to land,” w’as the reply. “Besides.” the official adder. “the planes w’ould be captured unless protected by a large military force."

-The DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON. Aprii 24.—His Louisiana empire tottering, the Roosevelt administration treating him like a smallpox epidemic, and his senatorial "bloc” in complete desertion, Kingfish Huey's ears are ringing with a horrid but unmistakable murmuring: “It won’t be Long, now.” True, Huey doesn't come up for re-election to the senate until November. 1936. But equally true is the fact that the senate, sharply out of patience with the senator from Louisiana, his demeanor, and his methods, is cocked and primed to dump him unceremoniously down the Capitol steps at the first opportunity—not waiting for 1936. Two years ago. Huey was regarded as potentially one of the greatest powers in the senate. To old guard Democrats, of course, he was poison, but among Democratic novices in the senate he gathered a notable following. Missouri’s corpulent Bennett Champ Clark lined up behind him; so did newcomer Russell of Georgia and Bob Reynolds of North Carolina. He helped Mrs. Caraway in her re-election campaign in Arkansas, and she played ball with him beautifully. tt a a a tt tt THEN he succeeded in_ supplanting the conservative Senator Broussard by his henchman. Overton, and during the early days of the present congress was making heavy inroads upon other new Democratic ranks. But meanwhile. Huey’s methods began to irritate senatorial decorum. The first person to dump him overboard was Senator Harry Hawes of Missouri —even before the new deal.

Huey has a penchant for effects. and he was playing these at Hawes’ expense. He would go over to Hawes’ desk in the senate chamber, pull up a chair next to him. slap him on the knee, engage in deep and apparently plotting conversation. Departing. Huey would nod his head vigorously as if they had agreed on important, policy. Then Huey would take the floor, deliver a vitriolic diatribe — usually agaihst Democratic floor leader Joe Robinson. Upon finishing. he would go back to Hawes, indulge in further confidential whispering. The impression left with the galleries and the rest of the senate was that he and Haw'es were in agreement on the speech. Finally. Hawes put an end to it. When Huey came up for another confidential chat Hawes stormed: “Get away from me and stay away! I refuse to have it appear that I'm in on these plans of yours." B B B THAT was the beginning. The habit of the cold shoulder for Huey spread rapidly through the senate. It gained headway when another of his pastimes came into the open. A Democratic member might have some bill in the finance committee. for example, with nine sure votes for it. and the necessary tenth vote apparently certain but not signed up. Huey would approach the sponsor of the bill, observing: “You need one more vote in the finance committee. I'll deliver it to you in writing, if you want me to." Easy enough. A couple of hours later he’d come back with a written promise of the vote. Weeks later, when he wanted support on one of his own measures, the incident would bounce back with a vengeance. Going to the sponsor of the former bill, Huey would say: “I got that vote for you that day in the finance committee. It was a tough one to put across, too. Now in this bill of mine today, I need —” BUB FINALLY came Huey's current fight on Louisiana appointments. It would have been easy

The Indianapolis Times

IT is not surprising, therefore, that China practically is never free from revolts. Generally speaking, there are two or three going on in different parts of the country at the same time. At present there are four. It is practical considerations such as these that are dictating the present course of General Chiang Kai-shek. China's generalissimo, “strong man,” and chairman of the national military council. When Japan seized Mukden, he did nothing. When she overran all Manchuria, he did not go to the rescue. At Shanghai, it was the Nineteenth Route Army, even then more or less hostile to the government at Nanking, that bore the brunt of the Japanese assault. And when Jehol was invaded, General Chiang’s resistance was only nominal. There was much hostile criticism in his own country. He was charged with playing into The hands of the enemy. But the explanation given to me makes it all very simple. a a a WHY throw away our best soldiers?” an official queried. “We hadn’t the faintest chance to win. We would merely have weakened ourselves still further and gained nothing.” When machine gun battalions and batteries of field artillery fell back from Jehol on Peiping, the best of the material was pulled out first. If any of it was to be captured, let it be the oldest and poorest. a tt tt FROM the maze of difficulties which beset China on all sides, inside and out, there has emerged a plan. Why continue to l>oke about futilely in a dozen different directions at once?

enough to block him. even to gag him on the subject, simply refuse to grant hearings as he requested, but the old guard got their heads together, decided to be a little subtler. “All we have to do is give this fellow plenty of rope," they decided. "Let him talk his head off. Let him say anything he wants to. Afterward, well look the picture over and see if we haven’t sufficient grounds to expel him from the senate." So they held Huey’s hearings, let him have his say, and sat back. Under the table meanwhile, each senator was patiently polishing the toe of his right boot. B B B IN North Carolnia folks speak admiringly of blond, slick-haired Senator Reynolds as “Our Bob.” They will tell you he “sure knows his politics.” They do not exaggerate. “Our Bob” knows his politics, and how! ! Example: The senate, in open session, was ' voting on the Couzens amendI ment to assess a 10 per cent surj charge on all income tax payments. When his name was called “Our Bob.” with greatst osj tentation and a loud bellow, voted j “Aye! ” Count one for “the people.” An hour later the senate bankI ing committee was deliberating on an amendment offered by Tory Senator Glass, designed to mu--1 tilate the administration’s stock market bill. This meeting was bei hind closed doors. “Our Bob,” a member of the committee, was | present. After a furious debate, a vote finally was taken. Again “Our Bob” did not dodge the issue. Squarely he faced the test —on the i side of Glass and other Tory Democrats who. supported by Old Deal Republicans, ripped the stock market bill to pieces. Count one against "the people." 'Copyright. 1934. br United Feature Syndicate. Inc.< Latin Club Speaker Named "Bolivar Libertador” will be the subject of an address by Ricardo Castillo. Puerto Rican, before the Club Latino-Americano tomorrow night in the Cropsey auditorium in the public library.

INDIANAPOLIS, TUESDAY, APRIL 24, 1934

: T c

Like an army besieged, why not drawn in the lines and concentrate on the main job of trying to save what is left? In effect, China is making a sweeping gesture in the direction of the map, saying: “All that yellow area you see there is mine: Manchuria, Jehol. Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, Sinkiang and Tibet, besides the eighteen provinces of China proper. But, for the time being, all save China proper —and perhaps even some of that —will pretty much have to shift for itself.” Nanking is doing heroic work building roads and establishing other means of communication, including air routes. She plans a modern, national army equal to any. Famous German army officers have been engaged as advisers to General Chiang. The job as chief adviser previously had been offered to General Smedley Butler, retired United States marine commander. His prestige in the Far East is ace high for the way he handled his forces at Shanghai. He refused to accept, it is understood. lest an American in such a position further complicate the already none too good JapaneseAmerican relations. a a a COLONEL JOUETTE, another retired American army officer, however, is in charge of the Chinese air school at Hangchow, near Shanghai. Experts declare he is turning out pilots unsurpassed in the Far East. Even as this was being written, as if to prove China's air-mind-edness, a bright red biplane was

MAY 3 SET FOR BUTLER HONORS Oakland City College Chief Slated to Speak at Annual Event. Dr. W. P. Dearing, president of Oakland City college, will be the principal speaker at the eleventh annual honor day celebration at Butler university May 3: “A New Education for a New Day” will be Dr. Dearing's subject. All faculty members, graduate and undergraduate students, will participate in the gymnasium under direction of officers of Phi Kappa Phi, national scholastic honor fraternity. Dr. Ray C. Freisner, fraternity president, heads the arrangements committee and will be assisted by Dr. J. W. Putnam, acting president of the university and vice-president of Phi Kappa Phi, and Mrs. Helen H. Moore and Miss Esther Renfrew. Twenty-three senior students who have beeen announced for membership in Phi Kappa Phi will be given recognition. In addition, nearly 100 students are eligible for special honor awards, and announcements will be made of the winners of endowment and organization scholarships.

SIDE GLANCES

0 - -j j|f ~ • * ]

% always w.wiiatcis going to happen is going to happen.'

The waterfront of Nanking, shown from the Yangtze river, with picturesque Chinese craft at the quay. Their garb showing striking contrast, these three famed Chinese are pictured as they attended a people’s national convention in Nanking. Left to right, they are Marshal Chang Hsuehliang, Panchan Lama, the “Living Buddha”; and General Chiang Kai-shek.

power-diving. looping, rolling, and tail-spinning above the river shipping just outside my window. It was the Italian Commander Mario de Barnardi showing off one of his Capronis which the Chinese had bought. Until now, China has been depending too much upon the peace agencies. Henceforward, to the best of her ability, she plans to do for herself. To do this, she

TODAY and TOMORROW B B tt tt tt tt By Walter Lippmann

SECRETARY TUGWELL'S speech to the American Society of Newspaper Editors is in substance the aftermath of the Wirt affair. To the vague fears about the new deal which Dr. Wirt expressed, Mr. Tugwell has replied with vague assurances of reasonableness and good faith. The net result is not particularly illuminating.

For it is not the good faith of the administration that is really in question, but the wisdom of certain of its policies, and what the friends of the new deal need to be concerned about is not the attack ox reactionaries who want to go back to what Mr. Tugwell calls “the racketeering, the financial juggling, the exploitation” of 1929. but the unmistakable danger that some parts of the new deal are in destructive conflict with other parts of it. It is not malignant purpose, but confusion of purposes, that raises the important issues and is creating resistance. For evidence of the real state of affairs congress is the most reliable witness. What do we find? We find an immense sentiment for more inflation arising from the political supporters of the administration. The President may be able to check it in this session of congress. but he is compelled to use all his personal prestige to do it. Thisis certainly an extraordinary situation when one remembers that the dollar has been devalued by 40 per cent, that we are running an immense budgetary de-

By George Clark

may have to retreat still further before foreign aggression. For she needs considerable time. But at the expense of much lost territory, perhaps, and by concentrating on a. smaller nucleus, she bids fair, in the end, to give some of her foes a rude awakening. Next—China will not go to war for revenge.

ficit, are pumping out billions of dollars, and have created great facilities for monetary expansion. B B B IN spite of all this, the inflationist tide has been rising. You do not find anything like it in England or Australia or Canada or Scandinavia, where the depression has been very severe. In these countries there has been about the same sort of inflation that we are having, but there is no great public sentiment, as there is here, for drastic increases in the speed and the amount of inflation. What is the difference in our positions? The difference, it seems to me, is that those countries are allowing inflation to produce its results, while we have been neutralizing it at vital points. There are at least three of these vital points. First, by the blanket code and NRA the cost of production has been raised before industry had increased its volume enough to carry these costs. This has given those big companies which are mast efficient a competitive advantage over weaker companies and small enterprises: the net effect is to curtail production as a whole and to retard re-employment. The President has recognized this fact in his dealings with railroal labor; he 'has opposed wage increases for those who are employed because, as he quite rightly says, they will prevent the railroads from hiring those who are not employed. Yet industry as a whole has been dealt with on the very opposite principle. B B B SECOND, by permitting and even encouraging monopolistic practices under the codes, prices of manufactured goods have been maintained and substantially raised. This has made it harder to sell goods and has nullified in large part the increase of money wages and the program to raise farm prices to their old parity. Third, by the punitive features of the securities act, and by certain features of the banking act, the channels have been blocked through which the new credit created by the monetary policy can find its way into industry and agriculture, there to create a demand for goods and labor. These three features of the new deal program are highly deflationary. They have checked to a considerable degree both he restoration of profitable working relationship between prices and costs and the flow of new purchasing power into industry. Ever since last July we have been whipsawed betw’een the monetary policy on the one hand, NRA and the financial reforms on the other. In the spring of a year ago the inflation was set in motion and produced an enormous relief. Copyright. 1934

Second Section

Entered as Second Cl*as Matter at Postofffce, Indlanapnlie

Fdir Enough ffiTCMK MS r T"'HEY have a man in the circus this year who astounds the customers by walking around an artificial ceiling, suspended high above the arena, upside down. Anyway, he seems to be upside down but there is just a chance that he isn't. Maybe even-body else it. It is just a thought. Because, in Jersey City, a neighborhood pantspresser named Jacob Maged has been sent to jail for thirty days and fined SIOO for pressing a three-piece suit for 35 cents, a nickel under the minimum fair

price set in the pants-pressers’ code. That was an illegal and unpatriotic act and the judge had warned Maged before. But it has been only a few years since press and public were complaining about profiteering and the high cast of living. The man who pressed a suit for a nickel less than his competitors’ price was a benefactor then. I worked for weeks on a story which began in New York when old John Wanamaker announced that he was reducing the price of every article in his big department store 20 per cent. They didn’t send Mr. Wan-

amaker to jail for that. On the contrary, the story swept the country and, for days afterward, the wires were jammed with bulletins from everywhere, announcing that Jones' Emporium in East Whiffletree. Ark., had fallen in line and was matching Mr. Wanamaker's public-spirited sacrifice, that barbers had knocked a nickel off the price of hair cut, that pressers were pressing the vest free and charging only for the pressing of the coat and pants. BBS Row Times Change r I ‘'HEY didn't send Mr. Wanamaker to jail, but I A tell you what they did do. The government sent agents around to buy merchandise at other stores and got the grand jury to vote indictments against some of the merchants for doing precisely the thing that Mr. Maged has been sent to jail for refusing to do now. The merchants claimed the right to charge all they could get for their goods. Mr. Maged claims the right to charge as little as he likes for pressing a suit. The late Mr. Wannamaker would be taking a chance on a term in jail if he were to do the same thing today that made people acclaim him and the editorials praised him all over the country that time just after the war. The judge sent Mr. Maged to jail and fined him SIOO for giving his clients too much for 35 cents while the old neighbors of John Dillinger in a wholesome, sentimental Indiana were putting their names to a petition for amnesty for a killer and robber whose career has made that of Jesse James read like the mischievous pranks of somebody's little boy. Mr. Maged did wrong, but there was nothing wrong about anything that Mr. A1 Wiggin admitted at Fred Pecora's investigation in Washington last summer. If Mr. Wiggin had done anything wrong he would have been punished at least’as much as Mr. Maged. the pants-presser. But they didn't, even bring any charges against Mr. Wiggin, the banker 50 he is a good citizen and Mr. Maged is an enemy of recovery. Recovery from Mr. Wiggins activities, that is. And then, about the same time, a couple of machme politicians get into a personal fight in the _ew York state senate in Albany and take up hours f the citizens time in a debate paid for by the citizens, denouncing one another for disloyalty and each one proclaiming his own loyalty. tt a a Who's Upside Down? JgUT they were talking about their loyalty to the Tammany machine, not the citizens. They both claimed to have done their loyal best to prevent, the defeat of the Tammany organization which put Jimmy Walker in office for almost eight years and seemed to think tfiat was a noble way to have acted. Are their ideas of loyalty in public office upside down? Or is it the duty of a statesman to protect a machine which has grafted a city into bankruptcy and a matter of disgrace to have opP° se * the machine? I just want to get things oLTcllgilt. In the innocent, popular understanding of decency in public office the man who exposed Tammany and Jimmy Walker was a good statesman, but but that may be just a dumb superstition. It may be an upside down idea and totally wrong, like the old-fashioned notion that a saving man is an asset to the community. That notion is exploded, anyway. The saving man is hoarding money which ought to be spent so that other men can draw wages and he ought to boycott the presser who offers to press his suit for a nickel less than the market price. In other days it was considered to be thrifty to shop around for the cheapest price for goods or services and thrift was a virtue which was praised and encouraged in school and in the writings of the Presidents. Efficiency was a virtue, too. but now efficiency us s up the available employment too soon, so the best workman is the worst one. But this is the time when the man walks around on the ceiling upside down. But is the man on the ceiling upside down? Maybe everybody is upside down to him and the pants presser. (Copyright. 1934. hv United Features Syndicate. Inc.)

Today s Science BY DAVID DIETZ -

'T'HE blinding, fitful lightning flash, a mile-long A bolt of electricity of more than 100,000.000 volts, is the foundation of all life, according to anew theory proposed by Dr. George W. Crile, worldfamous surgeon of Cleveland, O. Dr. Crile explained his theory at the opening session of the American Philosophical Society, the nation’s scientific organization, in Philadelphia. Dr. Crile’s new theory grew out of experiments performed at the Cleveland clinic by three of his associates, Dr. Otto Glasser, Mr. Maria Telkes and Miss Amy Rowland, in which it was found that living cells give off both ultra-violet and infra-red radiations. These experimenters, using specially constructed photo-electric cells and other delicate apparatus, proved the existence of what might be called a spectrum of life. The role of sunshine in life processes has been known for several decades. Living plants, through the process known as photosynthesis, turn the carbon dioxide of the air and the water of the soil into the carbohydrates of their tissues. This process is only possible with the aid of sunshine. But Dr. Crile points out that the protoplasm which constitutes the living cells of all plants and animals, including mankind, consists not only of carbon compounds but of nitrogen compounds as well. There are both nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere, but the two combine to form oxides of nitrogen in nature only under the stimulus of the lightning flash. nun THAT nitrogen and oxygen combine under the action of lightning has been known. But Dr. Crile advances for the first time the theory that when such a combination takes place, the energy of lightning is captured and imprisoned in the oxide of nitrogen and that it is the subsequent release within the living cells of the energy of the lightning which accounts for many of the activities of the living cell. ‘ The temperature of lightning is not known.” Dr. Crile told his audience, an assembly of some of America's most famous scientists. "It has, however, been estimated that the voltage of a lightning discharge 1,000 feet long is about 100,000 volts,” *

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Westbrook Peglep