Indianapolis Times, Volume 45, Number 284, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 April 1934 — Page 9

Second Section

It Seems to Me By Joe Williams Pinch Hitting for Heywood Broun WASHINGTON. April 7.—Have you ever been summoned to the capital to testify before a committee on anything? Well. I have. Whether it is more exciting than a dream walking I can't tell yet. A few days ago I received a wire to report in Washington on such and such a date to testify before the Senate Finance Committee on a matter that seemed—and still does—as foreign to me as the working conditions of the eyebrow pickers of

South Africa. At first I thought it was all a jest. Over the phone a Washington correspondent warned me: “This is no kid. When one of those dizzy senators summons you it means you are summoned.” And so here I am in Washington, wondering why. I was to report to Room 314 in the senate office building, at which place there was a hearing having to do with the nomination of a gentleman named Moore as collector of internal revenue in Louisiana. "But why should I be brought into this? I don't know this

■ i Kali*

Joe Williams

Moore. In fact, I scarcely know where Louisiana is,” I said. It developed that that made me a very competent witness. Most witnesses called in such cases are considered very desirable if they know nothing about anything. With such outstanding qualifications it seemed strange to me that I was not called upon to take the stand. I sat in the room twiddling my fingers and repeating to myself my prepared speech about the skyline of New York and the loveliness of American womanhood, but there was no call. nan Clew to the Pur pone DURING the parade of witnesses I recognized one gentleman I knew—Colonel E. R. Bradley, the Kentucky turfman. Senator Huey Long was popping a lot of questions at him. It seemed that Senator Long wished to establish the fact that Colonel Bradley made a living in a manner somewhat unique. The senator seemed to be attempting to prove that the nomination of the aforementioned Moore w r as in some way or other tied up w’ith sinister practices and that the equally aforementioned Colonel Bradley represented the evil side of the picture. At a moment which struck me as being much less dramatic than apparently planned, the Colonel was asked by the senator if he was a gambler, and when the colonel answered very calmly, and with something approximating pride, ‘‘Sure, I am a gambler; I will gamble on anything,” and there didn’t seem much else to be said. Sitting back with the other witnesses. I decided that I had been called dowm here, in my capacity as a roving sports writer, to get on my hinds legs and confess, under oath, that I had heard it whispered at some time or other that the colonel was a gambler. So when the colonel himself admitted from the stand that he was not only a gambler, but that he was practically an American Lloyd's in himself, I felt pretty sure that there was little chance for me to become a conspicuous character in the proceedings—unless by some chance I could manage it so I would be photographed with a midget dangling from my knee. ana Bet With Napoleon's Curl IT was about this time that I bumped into Harry Costello, the newspaper man. and we fell to talking about the old days at Georgetown university, at which institution Mr. Costello performed great deeds as a quarter back and captain of the football team. I wonder if you ever knew that Napoleon’s hair forms a part of a museum exhibit in this country. I didn't until I talked with Mr. Costello. Should you ever feel the urge to fondle the historic spit curl which is so markedly a part of the Little Corporal’s picture, you need go no father than the Riggs museum. which is a part of tife university here. I have not yet been able to find out just how and why the Napoleonic bang happened to become a local exhibit, but if you are to believe what you hear and what you see. then this is your next stop. Possibly the French will not be pleased to hear about it, but there came a time one day when Mr. Costello decided that the bit of hair valued at $35,000 by collectors could be put to a practical purpose. Geosgetown was playing Virginia in the big game of the year. Georgetown was a 4-to-l favorite in the betting odds. Money of any sort was very scarce around the university. Mr. Costello wondered how much Nap's lock of hair would bring in the open market. Just how he managed to get it I do not know. But the incidental facts are well known. A pawnshop operator, upon being convinced of the authenticity of the relic, shelled out SBO. which Mr. Costello promptly bet at the prevailing figures. It was a close game. Georgetown finally won by 19 to 16. In the closing moments of play Mr. Costello kicked a field goal from a difficult angle to untie the score, put the university ahead and redeemed the Little Corsican's coiffure. n n n Prayer and Accuraie Toe AS Mr. Costello walked across the campus, an aged Jesuit asked him about the game. We won, Father!" said Mr. Costello. ‘We won because our captain prayed that my kick would be a success.” The aged Jesuit reflected a moment, then said: "Prayers are very effective, young man. but I am happy to know you possess a very accurate toe.” Mr. Costello says he still doesn't know how to figure out that one. There's just an outside chance that I could explain it. but I have my own worries—still I don't know why I was summoned to Washington and what they plan to do with me. (Copyright. 1934. by The Times)

Your Health —BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN-

DO you believe that preen apples always cause a stomachache: that the mixing of ice cream and lobster is certain to result in food poisoning? Do you always pour canned fruits and vegetables out of the can into a glass dish, for fear that retention in the tin vessel would give rise to poisoning? Have you heard that fried foods are indigestible? These are some of the common notions that prevail among the uninformed in relationship to health. More and more, doctors are learning that it is not safe to accept any of these common ideas without checking them through scientific study and experimentation. It is a common belief that the boy or the girl who indulges in athletics in high school and college is sure to develop athlete's heart, and that the discontinuance of exercise after leaving school is bound to result in fatty degeneration or some other breakdown of the system. B B B DR W. E. FORSYTHE of the University of Michigan has been unable to find any proof that the normal heai't is damaged by well-controlled exercise. Indeed, there is little evidence that the heart becomes enlarged or otherwise damaged by athletics, provided it is well when the exercise is started. On the other hand, a heart that has been Injured will not stand the strain of exercise and may suilrr with a sudden dilation or a permanent injury. There must be thousands of persons who believe it is harmful to take milk with fruits or sour vegetables, this notwithstanding the fact that strawberries and cream has been a favorite American dish for many generations.

Full Leased Wire Service of she United Pres* Association

By SEA Service 'TMJLSA, Okla., April 7. couldn't be done, so they did it. Lieutenant-Colonel Oscar Win- • throp Hoop soon will take office here as police and fire commissioner because his students of politics at the University of Tulsa didn't subscribe to his theory. Colonel Hoops theory, expounded by many a teacher of politics before him, was that an ordinary citizen without organization backing has no chance in running for public office unless he promises jobs, kisses babies, and in general stoops to low and unprincipled conduct. Hoop’s students wouldn’t believe him. Further, they went right out to prove him wrong. Result: Colonel Hoop, 18,934; opponent, 6,731, for police commissioner. Here's how it all started: Colonel Hoop was telling his politics class of his favorite theory—that only organization-serving, baby-kissing, free-promising candidates can be elected to office. A saucer-eyed youth of 19 in the front row perked up with this question: "What have YOU done about that?” “My Adam's apple bobbed up and down about five times,” Hoop relates, “before I could find an answer.” tt tt tt BUT he had to answer, and a few days later, he filed his candidacy in the Democratic primaries for fire and police commissioner. It was just a demonstration. "In announcing,” Colonel Hoop said, “I wish to stale that I have no prospects or desire for election, nor is my announcement made in response to public demand. "I shall pay my own expenses, shall make no promises to any person or group of persons, make no campaign, kiss no babies, and conduct myself as a gentleman.” Professional politicians chuckled. There were seven candidates for the job, including lanky Thomas I. Monroe, veteran office holder and smart politician. But the students did not chuckle. They didn’t think the colonel was right. Being young, they felt it

ROUNDING ROUND r PI_J I? A r PT? DO WITH WALTER lil 11//A I JLIdVO D . HICKMAN

IN "Spitfire,” Katharine Hepburn establishes herself as one of the leading emotional character stars on th£ talking screen. She indicated in “Morning Glory” that sh esoon would reach such heights and in “Little Women" she gave ample proof that she was a great actress.

The role of “Trigger," a Carolina mountain girl who talks with God and prays people into and out of hell, is the most difficult assignment that Miss Hepburn has had on the screen. In the

first place she had to master a difficult Carolina mountain brogue and in that she was highly successful. The next mountain to conquer was to make "Trigger” a live individual and in that she has accomplished wonders. Trigger is an appealing creature at all times

and never becomes ridiculous, even when she is reading Sunday school picture cards. When she becomes confused and mixes duty and bad judgment by kidnaping an ailing baby from its poor parents, Trigger appears to be logical because she thinks she is doing the right, thing. a a a IN "Spitfire" you have a fine opportunity to compare the abilities and appeal of Greta Garbo and Miss Hepburn. Those of you who saw Garbo in "Queen Christina” easily recall the love scenes between Garbo and* the Spanish envoy. It was sensitive, romantic acting, done in a refined way. In "Spitfire” Miss Hepburn as Trigger is introduced to love by Robert Young and protected in love by Ralph Bellamy. In this case, you have awakened confusion, doubt, fear and then partial understanding. It is a beautiful love part, one filled with amazement on part of the girl. To the man. it just is another encounter. Tire contrast is effective. MISS HEPBURN “makes Trigger an unusual girl at the very beginning of the picture, a strange mixture of devilment, piety, and compassion. She "lifts" Granny from her “death bed” and for that the mountain natives think she is haunted and is a witch. I previously have gone into detail regarding the story. The cast was selected for types. Mr. Young and Mr. Bellamy do outstanding work. I found no overacting on the part of Miss Hepburn. She takes a very nearly an impossible role and makes Trigger human and interesting. "Spitfire” is a “class” picture which should appeal to all movie patrons who desire intelligence and fine character work. It’s at the Circle now.

Back Again ‘ She Loves Me Not." a Broadway comedy hit of this season, will be Miriam Hopkins’ first picture when she returns from New York. She will be costarred with Bing Crosby. Miss Hopkins has been in the east for several months, playing in • Jezebel," and making personal appearances. Her last screen apeparance was in -All of Me.”

The Indianapolis Times

HONESTY WINS OVER POLITICS

Students Go Electioneering for ‘Prof' —And Triumph

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Miss Hepburn

INDIANAPOLIS, SATURDAY, APRIL 7, 1934

n&muM HkOhP wwSl' ■ Itmrm 'y\ - : . Colonel O. W. Hoop (above), was W fyphr. overwhelmingly elected po|iee and Hjjgs 'jl||||§ fire commissioner of Tulsa, Okla., life H Mm as a result of electioneering bv his palpi Wk I||L f|| students (top), who set out to || Jp .gogggg|| j|p prove to Hoop, their polities m teaiher. that machineless candi- \ (Kites can be elected. llpplllgllll ?||||||| Right, one of the students’ cam-

could be done. So they started out to do it. tt n a COME 300 of them jigged to>3 gether a temporary organization, and while the colonel kept to his campus and classroom the students went to town.

CHURCH TRIBUTE SET FOR 70-YEAR MEMBER City Woman, 90, to Be Honored by M. E. Congregation. Celebrating seventy years as a church member, and in honor of her ninetieth birthday yesterday, Mrs. Justus C. Adams will be guest of honor tomorrow at the Meridian Street M. E. church. Mrs. Adams lives with her daughter, Mrs. C. A. Pritchard. 2877 Sutherland avenue She came to Indianapolis from Kentucky when she was a girl. ROCKVILLE WINS HONOR High School Students Set Record at Annual I. C. Celebration. The attendance record at the annual “high school day” celebration at the Indiana Central campus yesterday was held by the Rockville delegation. Forty-six students attended from Rockville. Approximately 1.500 persons visited the campus for the celebration. Mechanics to Meet Tonight Junior Order United American Mechanics will hold a district meeting at Washington council, Morris and Lee streets, tonight. Clarence E. Meyer, district deputy, will preside.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark

J I Ml*’! '; |T" ' j. f J nT }i 1 f 193< B> sgt SEBylct INC

•Now see here, Lawson, this organization doesn’t recognize artistic temperament,” r ~ .

They began bobbing up at preelection meetings, boosting the colonel's program of a merit system in the police department instead of the spoils system, law enforcement, city manager government, and public ownership of public

TENNESSEE TRUCKMEN FACE INDIANA ARREST Feeney Orders Reprisals for Campaign Against Hoosiers. A truck license war between Indiana and Tennessee loomed today when A1 G. Feeney, state safety director, issued' orders to state police to begin arresting next Friday all Tennessee truck drivers who do not have Indiana licenses. Mr. Feeney has notified Tennessee officials of his orders of reprisal for the arrest of Indoiana truckers in Tennessee, he said. Indiana grants reciprocity to all states extending the same license courtesy, he pointed out. Tennessee has a reciprocal truck license agreement only with border states. KINGAN GETS CONTRACT FROM RELIEF AGENCY City Firm's Bid on Hams and Bacon Accepted by U. S. Contracts for smoker hams and bacon were awarded to Kingan & Cos., by the Federal Surplus Relief Corporation, according to word received here today from Washington. The local company will provide 360,000 pounds of pickled smoked hams and 210,000 pounds of cured smoked bacon for distribution to the needy unemployed. Tulsa Flier Dies in Crash i?ji/ T'nitr.d Pres g EL PASO. Tex., April 7.—Frank Glenan, Tulsa, Okla., was killed yesterday when a plane he was flying crashed in mountainous desert country forty miles southeast of here, according to word brought here.

utilities, it started in a very modest way. Then one night a woman political worker rose and remarked acidiy: “You boys should be spanked, intimating that Democrats are dishonest!”

-The-

DAILY WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen

WASHINGTON, April 7.—Despite all the hullabaloo about the brain trust, that much maligned organization long ago really ceased to exist. It passed out of the presidential picture even before its famed chief, Professor Moley, became the victim of the vengeful Cordell Hull. The close-knit little group of thinkers which fed Roosevelt most of his ideas during the campaign, which conceived most of the recovery program, now is scattered as widely as the ideas which they sowed. Professor Moley. editing his magazine in New York, only occasionally comes to Washington. Adolf Berle, the real brains of the organization, is busy piloting the tumulaus course of Mayor La Guardia in New York, though he still has an indirect hand in the new deal. Charles Taussig holds no official position, spends only one or two days each week in Washington. Sam Rosenman, Roosevelt’s legal adviser, has established a law practice in New York. Os the entire group, only Professor Rex Tugwell, assistant secretary of agriculture, remains. o tt tt e tt a INSTEAD of this former organization, Roosevelt himself has become his own brain trust. No longer does a little band of serious thinkers get together and work out plans for and with the President. Roosevelt now serves as the funnel for his own ideas, picks them out from a much wider field, correlates and digests them himself.

To a considerable extent this is a handicap, because no big executive, especially the President of the United States, has time to act as his own research agency Nevertheless Roosevelt does. And the men whom he calls upon have become, in a very different sense, the substitutes for the old brain trust. There is no central organization. Some of the so-called brain trusters do not even know each other except by name. Many of them are not college professors. There are a great number of them. New ones go and come every day. An attempt to list the most important of them, plus background and ideas they represent, follows: HARRY HOPKINS, administrator of CWA and federal emergency relief. An lowa boy who came to the big city, got interested in boys’ camps, took up New York social welfare, and now is one of the closest men to Roosevelt. Hopkins is clear-eyed..frank, dynamic. He shoots no Johnsonian bombast.

JEROME FRANK, counsel for the AAA. is a Chicago product, former law partner of Sol Levinson—real author of the Kellogg pact. Frank is one of the fighting liberals who stood his ground against the meat packers, the tobacco trust and the milk distributors when George Peek was on the verge of giving those outfits almost anything they wanted. Now that Frank has secured the upper hand in the AAA, he has mellowed considerably, lost some of his fighting fire.

His ideas still play a most important part in moulding agricultural recovery. His chief difficulty is understanding the importance of playing ball with congressmen. PROFESSOR JAMES HARVEY ROGERS of Yale is an original member of the money trust and was influential in selling Roosevelt the idea of devaluating the dollar. Like most professors he is extremely sensitive to anything that is said about him, and the thing that hurts him most is the accusation that he was responsible for the commodity dollar. Rogers is retiring and timid, but carried weight in the days of monetary upheaval. PROFESSOR GEORGE F. WARREN of Cornell is the man who sold Roosevelt the commodity dollar, though he has changed his views somewhat regarding its expediency. Warren spent most of his life as a poultry expert and once invented a system of holding an electric light bulb in front of a hen so that it laid more eggs. The only trouble was that it killed the hen. This was Wall Street’s great weapon of ridicule against Warren when he sold Roosevelt on buying gold. But the , birds who

Instead of being spanked, the “boys” found themselves invited to speak at meetings. They did. The ball began to roll. The students got a professor of Spanish to stump the Spanish quarter. Colonel Hoop himself began to be interested. He challenged Monroe to meet him in debate in convention hall. nan IT took the "boys” two days to find Monroe, and then he declined. But several other candidates accepted, and later wished they hadn't. That one short speech, delivered in a machine-gun monotone three days before election, was Colonel Hoop's only campaign appearance. But on election day the students paraded, and burned crooked politicians in effigy. They went from house to house getting out the vote. And when the ballots were counted. Colonel Hoop was in. wdth a count of Colonel Hoop, 5.402; Monroe. 4.680; Bowles, 3,637; and the other four "also ran.” Democratic nomination in Tulsa has always been considered equivalent to election and so it proved in this case. n n n THE defeated Monroe, pressed for a statement, said ruefully, “Cglonel Hoop made one- speech. I made 170. I think I've talked enough. But you do have to have an organization to win. I’ve been twenty years getting mine to working, and yours has already knocked it haywire.” The surprised Colonel Hoop carried on his campaign for the general city elections in the same tone, making speeches of no more than one minute each, kissing no babies, promising no jobs on the police force. Colonel Hoop is an lowan who entered the army as a private at 17, and retired a colonel four years ago at the age of 47. Since his retirement he has been teaching government at the University of Tulsa. But the best lesson taught in his classes thus far is the one his students have just taught themselves: You can have a decent election and elect a decent candidate if you’ll take the trouble.

Nurtured intellectually in a Greenwich village atmosphere, he retains an ingrained streak of practicality. He is not only a thinker but a doer, and one of the most attractive of the recovery administrators. JIM LANDIS, federal trade commissioner, is one of the newest and most up-and-coming of the newer men. A product of the Harvard Law school, he once served as secretary to the supreme court sage, Justice Brandeis, got his appointment through Felix FYankfurter. and has been one of the most dynamic figures in the new deal ever since. Landis wrote the securities act and a good part of the stock market control bill. He also led the batle against General Johnson in order to protect the little fellowunder the NRA. A tremendous worker, he sleeps only a few hours on an office couch, often does not go home for days.

scoffed then have now come home to roost and preen their tail feathers in the shadow of the inflation prosperity which resulted. W. I. MYERS, governor of the farm credit administration, is another Cornell professor who is a poultry expert. On eighty-four acres near Ithaca he raises 70,000 chicks and 5.000 hens. Whether he uses the Warren electric light method is not known. Young Henry Morgenthau, who studied at Cornell, brought Myers into the new deal, appointed him as his successor on the FCA. Myers wrote the original farm credit setup and in general has done a swell job. There are many other close Roosevelt advisers, including of course Rex Tugwell of the original brain trust. But in gauging, praising or maligning the present revamped brain trust, one fact stands out more than any other. None of them is putting any ideas over on Roosevelt. The President is forming his own ideas. He picks ana chooses from the varied array around him. His lsdicalism is their radicalism. His faults are their faults. As far as policy goes,-, Roosevelt and the brain trust practically are one and the same thing. Syndicate, Ine.j

Second Section

Entered as Second •Cla Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis

Fair Enough By i Westbrook Pegler MIAMI. April 7.—The people who went to th® horse and dog races in Florida this winter managed to dig up $27,549,000 out of their poverty for wagering purposes. The state dividend on this business was $1,072,160. which will be distributed evenly among the sixty-seven counties. This comes to about $13,500. Some of the counties are just nothing but swamp and wild life, so it will be interesting to see how they spend their $13,500. Probably they will build

some, hills and rocky crags. A hill is a luxury in Florida, and with the exception of coral rock, which is chalky stuff that you could crumble with your fingers, there isn't a stone in the state big enough for throwing purposes in a street fight. The hills on the golf courses are all hand made and a section over in the middle of the state which has an elevation of about 300 feet is known as the Florida highlands. In the region of Miami, in addition to the legal gambling on the races, there was considerable action in the table sports in a number of parlors. But the public treasury did not receive any

revenue from this source. Undoubtedly the operators paid their dues, or ice. which is a word they have for graft, because you positively can not just drop off a train and open a parlor without making the necessary arrangements. The arrangements this year are supposed to have cast $2,500 a week for each parlor, but that is mere gossip. It could have been more or less, but it was something anyway, and naturally the parlor operators made the necessary adjustments in their equipment to collect the ice from the customers. a a a Trading Post Is Gone THIS community would puzzle you. It was nothing but a trading post forty years ago and a sudden crazy boom made Miami a city with tall buildings, fire engines, a chamber of commerce, and all such organizations as the Kiwanis, Lions, and the Ministerial Union. The people are proud of the place and as touchy as citizens anywhere else about the fair name of their town and the safety of their homes and nice moral influences for their children, but they are determined to have an underworld. The citizens of Miami seem to think their city will be regarded as somehow hick if they do not have graft in public office and a strong representation of genuine New York and Chicago hoodlums during the winter season. A few years ago, when A1 Capone was doing very well, he moved into Miami and all but took over the town. That scared Miami for a while and after Capone went to Atlanta there was one winter season m which gambling parlors were not tolerated at aIL A few operators did not believe the sheriff meant it and tried to open up, but he closed them and in some cases smashed up their expensive tools and finally convinced the trade. This caused great indignation and the sheriff was removed from office. This winter the parlors did business as of old and there were slot machines everywhere but in (he churches and the public schools. They were right next door, even so. This had to mean that the local statesmen were taking graft and that the hoodlums were back because gambling is a hoodlum business. In fact some of the most distinguished hoodlums still remaining in general circulation frequented the Miami race plants and parlors all winter. In a normal season, morality becomes rife in Miami along toward the end of the winter program of frivolity and business. In other years St. Patrick's day was the end of the season, but this year the crowds did not begin to drift away until a week ago. So now, the local chief of police has discovered that slot machines are being operated in the stores and there is a crusade on. He is a direct-action, straight-from-the-shoulder police chief of the familiar pattern. He said that law or no law, nobody could run slot machines in his fair city and sent out parties to grab some, after the season was over. n n a Nobody Even Cares Tj'VERYBODY knows all this in Miami and, in a - L/ fommunity where everybody knows everything what goes on the local statesmen would not have the gall to open up the town and sell privileges if the citizens generally did not hanker for an underworld. Nobody but a few reformers even cares and there is no reason to fear that gambling and all that gambling entails, such as graft and hoodlums, will frighten business away. Because in this first year of the new deal, with the country going all to ruin as you may read in some of the papers, the frivolity and luxury business has been greater in Florida than it ever was before. Even during the land boom the hotels were no more crowded and I am told, though I doubt it, that the cost of hotel accommodations was higher than it was in 1926. But in 1926 you couldn't get a room as good as your own room at home for much less than SSO a day and there weren’t many that sold for as high as S4O this season. The business spread all over the state, too, radiating out of Miami where the new prosperity started, Travel that used to go to Europe came here for two* reasons. First, the dollar wouldn't buy many francs now and, second, there was no need to go all the way to Europe for a decent drink of something any more. The only thing the business people fear most now is another boom. A boom is all right while it lasts, but the headache from the last one w-as years in the curing. So they just want some nice, brisk seasons the like of this one with no more crazy trading of options and binders on .the street corners. They have learned in Florida that you can't fish fast. (Copvnzht. 1934. bv United Feature Syndicate, tnc.)

Today's Science BY DAVID DIETZ —■

STEEL forms the framework of the modern world. The energy of coal and oil makes its wheels go around. But in more ways than one the modern world is built upon a foundation of paper. The dissemination of knowledge through the centuries has made the world of today possible and without the paper which goes into books, magazines, and newspapers, this would never have been possible. At the very dawn of civilization, man learned the necessity of a written language and substances upon which to write. In the days of antiquity he used a variety of substances upon which to express his thoughts—stone, clay, palm leaf, tablets of ivory’, tablets of wax. tablets of lead, linen and cotton tissues, animal skins and membranes, the interior barks o f various plants, fish skins, snake skins, tortoise si ells and, oyster shells. The ancient Israelites used leather to write Parchment is believed to have been invented by Eumenes. king of Pergamos. The skins of sheep, lambs and calves were used for the making of parchment. The ancient Egyptians used papyrus. This material was introduced into Greece and Rome probably after the victorious expedition of Alexander of Macedonia into Egypt. The papyrus is an aquatic plant found in Egypt and other warm countries. Tha Egyptians peeled the interior of the bark, obtaining ribbons of material of different lengths. These were then bleached in the sun. b a a THE Romans improved the papyrus by sizing it with a starch of flour. In time, the use of Papy rus was supplanted by cotton paper, but the exact date is not known. Paper is first heard of among the Chinese. In the time of Confucius, about 500 B. C.. the Chine e wrote with a pointed style on the inner bark of the bamboo. ButJay the year 150 A. D„ the Chinese we: e making writing paper from a number of fibrous substances, including the wool of the cotton plant.

Pj A

Westbrook Pegler