Indianapolis Times, Volume 45, Number 281, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 April 1934 — Page 10

PAGE 10

The Indianapolis Times (A SC RII'PS-HOWARD fc F.WH’APEIt) ROY W. HOWARD Preslilrot TALCOTT POWELL Editor EARL D. BAKER Business Manager Pijone—Riley MS I

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gW .-j Ttm ••, i t . Give lAfjht and the People Will Find Their Oirn Way

WEDNESDAY APKTL 4 1034. I)R. WIRT’S I’ET RED IT must come as a terrible disappointment to Dr. Wirt, but Secretary of Agriculture Henry Wallace has just stated again his opposition to the regimentation of agriculture. But to those who have been following the course of Mr. Wallace's operations as secretary of agriculture his most recent statement isn’t even news. Secretary Wallace opposed the Bankhead cotton control bill. But when the south, in response to the poll he ordered upon the urging of the Bankhead brothers, showed it wanted the bill, he reluctantly gave it his support. He told the house agriculture committee that he still had more faith in the voluntary approach to a planned agriculture than most people. He was instrumental in changing the bill so that Instead of applying compulsion all down the line, it brings into the cotton acreage reduction campaign the recalcitrants who endangered its success. This week. speaking at a regional milk meeting in Philadelphia. Secretary Wallace said: ‘ I think we must look forward to more and more reliance upon voluntary co-opera-tion among farmers, and view proposals for regimentations with skepticism, at least until experiment proves their worth.” In other words. Secretary Wallace now. as ever, hopes that common sense will bring farmers into the administration’s plan for agriculture for the common good. He does not favor attempts to create social consciousness on the farms by compulsion of federal law except as a last resort. A NEGLECTED WEAPON r T"'HE shock of finding out just how bad some of our city governments have been is turning public attention, at last, to a reform too long neglected—the proportional representation system of electing city councils. Judge Samuel Seabury strongly urged adoption of proportional representation for New r York after his investigation there. Recently a commission appointed to go into the Boston situation has recommended that the state legislature take necessary first steps for its adoption in that city. The Boston municipal research bureau found that ot 110 councilors elected since 1925 under the ward system sixty-five have been elected by a minority of the votes cast. In three of the five elections the total vote for all twenty-two winning candidates was a minority of the total votes cast for all candidates. In other words, the council collectively did not represent a majority of the voters. Proportional representation voting not only guarantees majority rule but at the same time assures minority representation. It makes certain that any group of citizens may obtain representation on a ruling body in the proportion their strength bears to the total number of voters. It makes domination by organized political minorities impossible at the polls, it keeps scattered votes from being wasted, it can’t be manipulated by bosses. It makes primaries unnecessary—an important point in this day when government economy is so necessary. Proportional representation has been given a trial in Cincinnati and that city has conspicuously good government. Taxpayers who want to rid themselves of the burden of graft and incompetence should keep on demanding the relief this simple change in the voting system can bring.

SHORTER HOURS, MORE PROFITS PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S request to employers for a shorter work week is being forgotten in the tension of threatened strikes. Yet if business men are awake to their own interests they will shorten hours in their own plants and encourage the same action everywhere. For the short work week holds more promise of markets for industrial products than any single thing on the world horizon today. And this is not mere theory. The Kellogg Company has experimented with the short work week for several years and has made known results which should open the eyes of those who shook their heads so glumly when NRA tried to point the way to them. The Kellogg Company made a check of 133 men and women employes to find out what use they sre making of two hours leisure which the new short work schedule gave them each day. it found that of seventy-two men, sixty-one spent more time reading, sixty worked around the house, forty-four did gardening. forty-three spent more time at sports, twenty-five at other recreation. Os sixty-one women workers, fifty-three devoted more time to their clothes, fifty-one to cooking, fifty to housework, forty-three to personal appearance, forty-two to reading, forty to sewing, forty to their children, twenty-seven to gardening, seventeen to recreation, fifteen to sports and eleven to club work. It should not be necessary to point out what these figures mean to makers of furniture, fabrics, carpets, household appliances, cooking utensils, gardening equipment, women's clothes, cosmetics, sporting goods, and all kinds of products used in recreation, from automobiles to puzzles. That the short work week will mean more families with adequate income, a healthier and more intelligent population, and an improvement in the comfort, appearance and efficiency cf American homes may mean little to some short-sighted employers. But the matter of expanding markets should mean much. To clinch the argument for the shorter work week there is the experience of firms that it increases efficiency and production. The labor department has cited one such large company operating under this system since

1930 which found that it not only Increased daily production at every station or task, but also cut overhead costs. Here is a weapon against unemployment and depressed markets which is not being used widely enough. FEWER BANKS A 8 the big fish swallows the little one so large banks have been gobbling up small banks. Thanks to this process, and the outright failure of many small banks during the depression, the tendency in the United States is definitely toward fewer and bigger banks. That has been the trend since 1921. This development is studies in detail by a Columbia university professor, Dr. John M. Chapman, in his new book, “Concentration of Banking’’ University Press). After giving an impartial summary of the arguments for and against,, he concludes that more branch banking properly conducted will strength the financial and business structure. He stresses the point that the concentration movement, which has been going on in the United States, follows similar changes in virtually all of the industrial countries of the world. One of his interesting paradoxes is that concentration in banking control will not lead to greater concentration of the nation’s funds in the large cities, but the reverse. Group banking, which has developed in this country largely since 1927, in hfs judgment is a passing phase because “it has no outstanding advantages not provided by branch banking, and lacks the centralized management and responsibility common to the branch system.” Edmund Platt, former vice-governor of the federal reserve board, in a foreword calls this book the most complete and thorough study of branch banking ever published in any country.

INDIANA’S SHINING EXAMPLE 'Reprinted from Cincinnati Enquirer) /'A UR next-door neighbor, Indiana, with James Whitcomb Riley, Lew Wallace and its other notable writers, made a great mark in literature. It now is making another great mark in its state parks. Like Ohio, it has no snowclad mountains, no mammoth trees, ageold, no glaciers—in fact, none of the things which make the national parks in the west so wonderful. But it has done amazingly good things with what it has. Its Dunes Park, on the shore of Lake Michigan, is unique and beautiful. Lovely Cliftv Falls park, at Madison, Ls within easy driving distance of Cincinnati, and each summer is visited by hundreds of our people. On the banks of the Wabash is its Turkey Run park, where one sees massive limestone cut by erosion in all kinds of monumental forms. In its hilly Brown county is the state game preserve, which is really a forest park of vast extent. These parks have added much to the joys of outdoor life. There is no place in Indiana w'here a family getting into 'its automobile for an outing is not within easy reach of a state park. This is highly credible, and, best of all, there is not one of the many parks which is not attractive. Natural beauty has everywhere been supplemented by art. Accessibility by good roads goes without saying. Indiana has set a great example. We, in Ohio, have exactly the same possibilities, but we have not yet really made a good start in developing them. This is not to say we have been wholly neglectful, but we have not done enough. In this connection we can mention with pride our own county park, Sharon Woods. That shows what can be done with a tract of ground which was all hills and dales. It is one of the most charming of rural parks. But that should only be a beginning. Within an hour or two from Cincinnati, and from every other of our cities, we hope soon to have state parks ten times as large as our Sharon Woods.

LIFE’S CONTRASTS odd way in which the public and private sides of a man's life can be in contrast could hardly be better illustrated than by the career of the late Otto H. Kahn. Here was a man who, like many other rich men. had two roles to play in the life of his time. One of them was that of banker—highpowered banker, as the saying is, of the essence of Wall Street, a man who had a prominent seat among the money-changers and used it as such seats are meant to be used. The other was that of patron of the arts, a position not unlike that of the grandees of Renaissance Italy—who, it might be remembered, also led double lives, enriching themselves with one hand and playing the magnifico with the other. It is in this second role that most of us were familiar with Mr. Kahn’s name. He was a mainspring in the activities of the great Metropolitan Opera House; he sincerely and honestly loved fine music and the other arts; he gave substantial encouragement to practitioners of those arts, and, altogether, he left his country somewhat richer, in those respects, than he found it. Yet it is very hard to say whether, in the life of his time, this role actually outweighed the other—that of big-shot banker. For the Otto Kahn of Wall Street was another man. and those of us who live outside of New York and have little br nothing to do with the money markets of the metropolis weren’t so familiar with him. But if you let your memory wander back to the early days of the century, and recall the ttVnous ‘‘Northern Pacific corner,” in which Sill and Harriman waged a bitter fight for rai>oad control and precipitated a panic on the country in consequence, you'll get an understanding of it. Kahn was Harriman’s banker, in that titanic dog fight; he was, in other words, one of the typical money lords of the stock mar-, ket, one of those men whom cartoonists used to caricature as paunchy folk in frock coats and top hats, with money bags clenched in their fists. And so you have the contrast; on the one hand, the patron of the arts, the man who helped to make American life richer and fuller—and on the other, the money changer, a leader in that class whoso leadership has been so profoundly called into question of late. How are you going to strike a balance between the two roles? The United States patent office is beginbe said for many of the inventions listed there, ning to make money, which is more than can

PRIVATE ARMIES •p AYMOND MOLEY’S magazine. Today, reveals in the current issue that Hitlerism has invaded the United States on a systematic and nation-wide scale. According to this magazine, Nazi offshoots have been established in nineteen American cities, recruits are being sworn in at the rate of 400 a week in New York City alone, and uniformed “storm troopers” are conducting regular drills in nearly a score of places. It is only this last point that seems especially disturbing. This is a free country, and if a man wishes to become a Nazi, that surely Is his right—precisely as it is his right to be a Communist, a Democrat, or a Single Taxer. But it is hard to see why there is any place In the United States for these private armies on the European model. Overseas, those organizations invariably lead to" trouble; on this side of the Atlantic, we can get along without them very nicely. MODIFIED LOYALTY ■pOLITICS never took an odder or a sharper turn than it did in congress between the votes In the house on the President’s veto of the independent offices appropriation bill and on the new tariff measure. In the first instance, only a scant handful of Democrats remained to uphold the President. The congressmen indulged in revolt on a grand scale, and ominous prophecies were made about the decline of Mr. Roosevelt’s influence. But hardly forty-eight hours later these same insurrectionists were back at his side, putting through for him a measure of the very type on W'hich congress could be expected to balk the mostr-a tariff bill putting in his hands powers which the house of representatives has always hitherto used. It looks very much as if the Democratic majority were trying to say that it is and will be fanatically loyal—on all issues except one. UNCONVERTED CONVERTERS HILD and adult silk loom workers toil and spin in New r Jersey sweatshops for starvation wages and from fourteen to sixteen hours a day, according to J. J. Kehoe, a representative of the silk textile code authority for that region. Family looms ’ have been set up in homes where whole families and their relatives do piece work. Mr. Kehoe estimates that these looms employ some three thousand adults and eight hundred children. The total income of four to eight persons ranges from sls to S2O a week. Over that blighted region no blue eagle spreads its protecting wings. The get-rich-quick brokers who set up the looms and hire the weavers are called converters. Apparently the NRA needs to do a little converting of these converters. Residents of Shaker Heights, 0., will have to pay water taxes according to the number of bathrooms in their homes. They’ll have to come clean, too.

Liberal Viewpoint “By DR. HARRY ELMER BARNES =

Editor s Note—This is the first of two articles by Harry Elmer Barnes. Pb.D. on the desirability of passin* the Wagner-Lewis Unemployment Insurance bill. tt a tt THOSE who are interested in establishing civilization in the United States will be concerned earnestly about the passage of the Wag-ner-Lewis insurance bill. To students of economic and social affairs, unemployment insurance constitutes a necessary and elementary step in the direction of a civilized economy and a rational social order. It is a sad reflection upon our civilization that this issue has not been met squarely and solved successfully many years back. If a well-established system of compulsory unemployment insurance had been in operation, we can be certain that the present depression would have been less severe, its misery more easily mitigated and its termination made more rapid and decisive. No one has put the general case for unemployment insurance more forecfully than Mr. Harrison Sayre in his concise little monograph on “Unemployment Insurance.” ‘ Against almost every known misfortune or less, nowadays, we can protect ourselves systematically by insurance. We can insure our jewels against theft, our chimney against windstorms, our eye-glasses against breakage. The county fair insures itself against slim attendance caused by bad weather; the violinist can insure his fingers; the tobacco farmer can insure his crop against hail storm; the golfer can buy a policy promising payments to a bystander hit bv a wild ball.

“rj'IRE insurance and life insurance are old A standbys, bought by every one. Manufacturing concerns in almost every state now are compelled to carry workman's compensation insurance, paying employes rather generously for weeks and months if they are forced to lose wages because of accidents. Is it any wonder then, that with unemployment causing” hardship to millions, people are inquiring about the possibility of unemployment insurance?” Unemployment insurance frequently is assailed as socialistic proposal or as something based upon partisan and sentimental sympathy with the working class. Nothing could be further from the facts. The best case for unemployment insurance todav is one which embodies nothing more than a hardboiled and logical appeal to ordinary horse sense on the part of the American employer. a a /■\NE may talk about such things as the gold yy standard, inflating the dollar, lowering the tariff, canceling war debts and building up our foieign trade. But any one of these items is i.he merest triviality compared to putting really adequate and dependable purchasing power into the hands of those who must buy commodities and thereby keep our factories running and our stores distributing goods. Purchasing power is the dynamo of business enterprise under capitalism, and any plans for recovery and assured future prosperity must build upon this as its corner stone. This means, among other things, that ablebodied and willing workers must be given steady employment. When this is not possible, owing to adverse business conditions, they must be assured a dependable and decent income which will enable them to go on buying, even though at a somewhat decreased rate. It is possible that rational economic planning some day will reduce unemployment. But there is no probability that it will eliminate it entirely. Moreover, the successful institution of national economic planning does not seem likely to be fully realized in our generation, while unemployment insurance has already proved a success in many countries and industries and could be set up in the United States within many countries and industries and could be set up in the United States within the next twelve months. Tomorrow I shall consider the objections to unemployment Insurance,

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

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(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns. Make your letters short, so ell can have a chance. Limit them to 250 words or less.) tt tt tt JUDGING OF INDIVIDUALS URGED BY READER By Mamie Bass Apropos of your editorial “Women in Indiana” is there not another phase of this matter of women in public office that deserves our consideration? Without reference to Sheriff Holley, as I do not know enough about her to judge whether she should have been appointed, is it not a serious mistake to appoint wives, daughters or other women members of a family of a deceased public officer to fill a vacancy unless the individual is really fitted to fill the position? Because a man is a good public administrator of one kind or another, it does not follow that his wife could fill his position, any more than it would follow that the wife of a famous surgeon could perform difficult operations just because he did. Certainly, we should put aside sentiment or a desire to help those bereft and select public officers because of their fitness for office. Another thing, if Sheriff Holley has failed, it does not follow that no woman would make a good sheriff. If a man fails, his failure is charged to him individually, but if a woman fails, then immediately we draw the conclusion that women can not do thus and so, because Mrs. Smith tried it and failed. We still have much to learn. If Mrs. Smith fails, it proves that she was not fitted by disposition, education, etc., to fill that job. but it does not mean that there may not be a hundred other women who are thus qualified. Let us learn to judge individuals as such and not make unreasonable deductions.

VOTERS CHANCE TO FIDDLE IS COMING Bv Chester Thumma Nero fiddled while Rome burned, then afterward condemned the Christians for the conflagration. Likewise, if the Democratic administration fails, Roosevelt will get the blame. Last week the majority of the members of congress fiddled while the President’s economy bill was reduced to a seemingly hopeless mass of cooling embers, but from that smoldering heap will rise a Phoenix. This Phoenix, in fact, already has risen. It is the spirit of the American people who do or should now know that they have been betrayed sufficiently by a large majority of those whom they sent to Washington to represent them. The public in general, including myself, is not oppted to the payment of adequate pensions to those who by war were made widows or orphans, or to any others whose livelihood was depend upon the man who, in glory to his country, lay lifeless upon the field after the battle. Absolutely we, the public, would say to the government, “Pay, pay often and pay plenty.*’ To those who suffered wounds and to those whose health was affected in any way so as to render them incapacitated to any extent, we the public, would say to our government. “Pay, pay often and pay plenty, according to that incapacitation.” But to those who make claims simply because there was a Spanish-American war, a Boxer revolution in China, or a World war, which involved this country, to those who were but members of the fighting force of thin country, who did but their duty by donning the uniform, and who in a lot of cases returned in better health than when they left—to such as these, the public will agree with our noble President that the national budget should not be increased to pay for

The Message Center

HANDS ACROSS THE SEA

Think — Don’t Fight

Bv Mary F. Wright. “Horrors of the Next War" to me is more proof that the money gods are paying for this kind of advertising to teach people there must be war. It is this same writer that tells us the new deal is overcoming the depression. What are we going to fight for? People have been hungry and begging for clothing and have not fought. Who wants war? The bankers control all the wealth and money and now they want a revolution so they can kill a lot of people and then take our flag and make slaves of us. I heard an expert advertising man over the radio a few days ago say advertising teaches people to want things, and all this war propaganda is to prepare people to

services which already was due the country. , Allow me to refer to this part of the President’ address, made to the American Legion at the convention in Chicago. It was this in substance: “Simply because you wore a uniform or did your duty to your country you will have no advantage over any other citizen.” The very buildings shook with the applause of the members of the legion there convened. But before they left that convention they constructed a four-point program, and all four of these points were what prodded and goaded (as dumb oxen) the majority of our congress to produce anew bill restoring a great portion of the pensions which had been properly reduced by the former economy bill. Their new bill, meeting with the disfavor of the President, was answered by his veto only to be overidden by that feeble body. The men w-ho voted for the bill in the house and in the senate, and the ones especially in those two bodies which voted to override the veto, are as Nero who fiddled while Rome burned. How many representatives did we have in this state of Indiana to stand by the President? Os twelve congressmen and two senators, fourteen representatives in all, there was but one who sustained the veto, that one being senator Frederick Van Nuys. We had in this “orchestra,” which fiddled while Rome burned, one senator, Arthur R. Robinson, and eight congressmen. Our other four congressmen sat in the audience with never a protest to the sour, dicordant, opposed-to-the - President’s - ideas -of - economy notes emitting from that hey-aey band. In other words, those four did not have the courage of their convictions in case they should have housed anything akin to interest in such a colassal event. I urge you to consider how your representatives have failed to form a just decision favoring the new deal. I remind you that on Tuesday. May 8. it will be your turn to fiddle and theirs to dance.

AN OPEN LETTER TO SECRETARY PERKINS By Time* Reader Frances Perkins, secretary of labor: I know you welcome constructive criticism of the program for recovery. The whole social order rests upon the protection of life, liberty and happiness. If this social compact fails there is no excuse for maintaining the shell that houses a pretext for it. Those gestures we make that do not actually restore ! full opportunity for labor to produce an abundant supply for every normal human need, either are made because we do not have the courage to meet the challenge, with the necessary strategy, or we fear the opposition of the forces that have the control of our productive equipment. We are now making a record for history. If the record reveals

I wholly disapprove of what you say and will defend to the death your right to say it — Voltaire.

fight each other. That is the Communist plan and they will have their leaders call them out. One of their Red leaders told me so last summer. They expected to be called out this month. The bankers are the brains of the NRA. The only hope for the American people is under Alfred Lawson’s plan of direct credits; with the government owning the money and the banks. The president of the Farmers’ Union of Oklahoma City gave valuable information over the farm and home hour radio program recently. You had better get it and see the truth before it is too late. Do you see how idiotic it is to claim prosperity and war at the same time. Think, and you will get vision.

a temporaizing attitude with the gigantic economic disaster, we can not escape the condemnation of the future. I appreciate all your fine efforts and the spirit in which you have approached the immense problem of unemployment. The President made an excellent choice in your selection in these days of crisis. Our blunder will be irreparable if we assume that the crisis is temporary; that temporary measures and temporary relief, together with floods of financial support to our distressed production units and their interlocking interests, will solve our crisis, can we stand idly by, while factories for the production of every human need are idle? With millions of men who are capable of operating them both from the standpoint of management and the ability to produce are only held apart by tradition of orthodox procedure. % If financial control of industry forces our people to beg for bare means of existence, and compels people to live on the minimum standard of living, then the final outcome of such a course can only produce a crisis, like that which brought forth the Declaration of Independence and the American Constitution.

a a a CADLE IS DOING WORK FOR NATION By M. Clevenger. Lima, O. It is very obvious that Dr. O. P. Gouthey at Cadle tabernacle, who is preacher-lecturer, has the correct analysis for the depraved conditions that exist today. It is true the foundations of this country, as well as any legitimate business, rest upon Christianity or Christian principals. Therefore, I as well as thousands believe E. Howard Cadle and his institution are doing more for this country’ than any organization in existence and this is to be admitted by any man of average intelligence —now withstanding the fact that it is bringing the nation back to prayer. Indianapolis proudly can boast to support an institutionn such as the nation has ever known and the tabernacle will go down in history as being outstanding in its realm. We can’t conceive the stupendeous results obtained by this institution. Neither words nor money could compensate for such results. As I was saying, Dr. Gouthey indorses the above procedure for this nation to employ. It will be a tonic to our national affairs as well as our individual life. This man of God is setting this nation on fire for God and it is through Cadle tabernacle that Indianapolis has the honor of having as its guest such a noted preacher. I also want to congratulate this newspaper for its stand in thin reconstruction program of humanity which is being recognized by adjacent cities.

.APRIL’ 4, 1934

REAL POLITICAL REFORM IS NEEDED NOW Bv a Times Reader. May I commend you on your editorial entitled “The Boss Goes On.’’ It was snappy and to the point. Has it occurred to you that many reform tickets fail of election, as in the recent Kansas City debacle, because there is a notable lack of confidence on the part of the voting public in reform administrations? Isn’t it too true that the very elements that figure in many reform campaigns, that is, the little groups of “law and order leagues,” “committees’’ of this and that, and other petty organizations which “do their bit” in electing the ticket, manage by the very shrillness of their outcries to divert the real purposes of a “well-managed and well-financed” reform administration and to dissipate their activities along such piffling channels as, for instance, campaigns against burlesque theaters, pitching pennies and 10-cent Negro policy games?

These are the kind of “reforms” usually gone into, with a fanfare of trumpets, by experienced machine politicians when it becomes necessary to draw the public eye from the great public improvement steals, pay roll paddings, etc. No wonder the private citizen eyes the usual reform administration askance and wonders why he ever supported it in the first place. There is no question about the need for revision in our boss-ridden cities, but in this writer s opinion these revisions must be brought about under the watchful guidance of practical business and professional men, aimed directly at the roots of the system and striving for solution of the major problems. Once these things are corrected, our schools financed properly, our police departments operating at top efficiency on criminal matters, and our public improvements charged back to the taxpayers at actual cost, therp still will be time enough to make sure that the gals in the leg “oprys” wear their woolen underwear and the boys don’t spend their money for red pop and stogies!

THEY SUGGEST A TABERNACLE VISIT By V. M. Prters and W. B. Cole In answer to the letter of March 30 by T. S. Martin, whoever he may be, or whatever he may be, please let me inform you that you never have visited the beautiful “structure of God” proudly called the Cadle • tabernacle. You never heard the prayers of Dr. Gouthey, or Mr. Cadle, never have seen the crowds of people who come to them with an understanding love in their hearts, to give their lives to Christ. There is nothing cheap about this place. It is filled with riches no money can buy, and these are the love of God. It was through this love that Mr. Cadle managed to promote this "family prayer period” over a WLW hook up. Why don’t you—whoever you may be, listen to the call of Christ, before it is too late, and do as he did. even on the cross, have no jealousy in your heart and “love your enemies,” HERE’S A CHANCE *FOR THE WIDOW ASKING AID By Dovie L. League. Fillmore Perhaps the widow who wrote in the Message Center and who says she lives in a garage without furniture could help me farm, if she hasn’t too large a family. How many children does she have? She mast remember though that unemployment is so bad that farmers can not sell their products because there is no one to buy them, and that the people who do buy eat no meat, just oleo, beans, peanut butter, canned vegetables, some milk, bread and fruit, lettuce, potatoes, celery, fresh vegetables and cabbage.