Indianapolis Times, Volume 45, Number 24, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 June 1933 — Page 11

Second Section

WET TRIUMPH DASHES HOPES OF CRAWFORD Speaker of Indiana House in ‘Pickle,’ Backed Dry Cause and Lost. BY JAMES BOSS. Times Staff Writer Add to the resume of results of the crushing dry defeat in Indiana, the coup de grace administered to the governorship ambitions of one Earl Crawford, Milton banker and Speaker of the 1933 Democratic house of representatives. For Crawford belongs to the same club as that noted gentleman who igned his own death warrant — Crawford wrote his own ticket to political oblivion when he lined up with the drys and pleaded the prohibition cause from one end of the state to the other. The Democratic party pledged itself to repeal. Crawford was a key figure, as Speaker of the house, in the legislative administration of Governor Paul V. McNutt who, naturally, espoused repeal strongly. Keeps His Promise After promising to behave properly and curb his dry sympathies, Crawford was allowed to become Speaker because of his admitted legislative experience and ability to control what might turn out to be an uruly herd of representatives. He kept his promise by not impeding the Wright bone-dry repeal and he signed the Indiana beer control act, although he accompanied the latter action by announcing, •'this gives me no pleasure whatever.” However. Crawford balked at the administration plan for legalizing pari-mutuel wagering on both horses and dogs, and it was upon lis insistence that the unwieldly plan of a special repeal election by counties was adopted. Stumps State for Drys Early in the repeal campaign Crawford became the siege gun of the dry oratorical attack. He •stumped the state and exhorted the faithful. At Port Wayne he fold his listeners that Marion county was safe for the dry cause and gave, as the most pallid of explanations, the fact that Louis Ludlow, a ory, went to congress from this district. Crawford never made much of a secret ui his ambition to govern Indiana, but he knew r he was in bad odor with many Democrats because of some of his obstructionist tactics in the legislature. And so today, many Democrats have an additonal reason for gratification at the repeal victory. They are pointing a gloating finger of ridicule at the Speaker of the house and saying: "Crawford? Why he couldn't even carry his own county for the drys. Wayne county voted for repeal by almost a 3,000 majority.”

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HE GUESSED WRONG

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Earl Crawford, speaker of the Indiana house, a victim of the dry rout in Tuesaay's election. GOOD REMAINS COLLEGE HEAD Named for New Five-Year Term as President of Indiana Central. Dr. I. J. Good today began a new five-year term as president of Indiana Central college, following re-election by trustees at the annual spring meeting Wednesday. A member of the Indiana Central student body when the institution opened its doors in 1905, Dr. Good has been been president for sixteen years. He was a member of the college's first graduating class. In 1914 he became the college’s business manager and later succeeded Dr. L. D. Bonebrake as president. Trustees also re-elected Dr. J. W. Lake, Bremen, president of the board, and named the Rev. W. R. Montgomery, Terre Haute, as secretary. George Fisher, Indianapolis, class of 1924, was elected president of the college alumni association ht a meeting Wednesday. Other officers are: John Thompson. vice-president; Professor D. H. Gilliat, treasurer, and Miss Sibyl Weaver, secretary. New’ly elected alumni representatives on the board of trustees are Mr. Montgomery and B. F. Cain. Ft. Wayne. STATE PAID OIL FEES Inspectors No Longer Can Handle Cash, Williamson Asserts. Oil inspection fees now are paid directly to the state and no longer may inspectors handle the cash. This ruling was announced today by Floyd E. Williamson, state auditor. Formerly all fees were handled by inspectors and there were constant charges of shortage.

The Indianapolis Times

TELEGRAPH CO. MERGER SEEN WITHIN YEAR Western Union and Postal Consolidation Would Save Millions. BY RICHARD L. GRIDLEY (CoDvrljfht. 1933. bv United Press) United Tress Financial Correspondent WASHINGTON, June 6.—Consolidation of the Western Union Telegraph Company and the Postal Telegraph and Cable Corporation into a $300,000,000 communication combine within a eyar was reported as certain, in highly authoritative circles here today. The merger is dependent upon the passage of the railroad bill pending in congress, which sets up machinery making it possible for telegraph companies to merge, as telephone companies were permitted to consolidate n 1921. Despite widespread rumors over the last four years connecting Postal with Western Union, officials of neither company have entered into any merger agrement. Both companies, however, look with favor upon a consolidation, but have been prevented in joining in the past by the anti-trust laws, it was said by officials here. Would Protect Investment Upon passage of the railroad bill, authorities expect both companies to consider a merger plan which will protect their large investments and establish the industry on a sounder financial basis. Plans of the two companies would be laid before the interstate commerce commission, which has jurisdiction over telegraph companies, and the three parties would work out details of the merger. The primary purpose of the telegraph companies, the United Press was told today, is to "save the present $300,000,000 investment of the public in the stocks and bonds of the two communication companies.” The present staff of 65,000 employes of the two companies would be maintained and huge savings would be accomplished by elimination of duplicated operations^ Huge Saving Seen It is estimated that the savings through such combination, without a reduction in working forces, would be approximately $12,000,000 the first year and $20,000,000 annually by the third year. The United Press was told that these savings could be translated into higher wages for workers, lower rates for telegraph services and interest and dividends on the securities of the two companies. Business of the two telegraph companies is duplicated to the extent of 85 per cent, it was estimated. Western Union has an entrance into 92 to 94 per cent of the country’s telegraph business, while postal has 85 per cent.

INDIAXAPOLIS, THURSDAY, JUNE 8, 1933

Japan’s Cunning Wins; Siberia Bottled Up; Vladivostok, Warm Water Port, Doomed

Russia Loses in Contest of Wits and Warfare With Tokio. BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS SeriDDS-Howard Foreien Editor WASHINGTON. June 8. The most startling developments since the Russo-Japanese war are in full swing in the Fart East. While the United States and the other chief powers of the Occident have had their eyes fixed on Washington, London, and Geneva, moves destined to change the map of Asia have been going on in the Orient. Japan’s dream of tripling her area and creating anew empire for herself on the Asiatic continent is now in plain sight. Japan has outplayed China. She has outplayed Russia. She has outplayed the league and all the signatories of the nine-power and Kellogg pacts. Vladivostok Doomed For all practical purposes she has ousted Soviet Russia from North Manchuria, closed in on a large slice of that country's territory known as the Maritime province, doomed Vladivostok, Russia's one worthwhile outlet to the Pacific, and bottled up Siberia. Japan is now in a position to take Vladivostok whenever she likes. She can cut Russia’s one remaining railway connection (around the Amur river) with Vladivostok at any time. She can occupy eastern Siberia and the nothern half of Sakhalin island and virtually cut off Russia—one-sixth of the land surface of the globe—four months out of every year, the months when Russia's ports are frozen. While Nippon thus steadily consolidated her position in the Far East, Russia has been forced to look on helplessly. Her only means of stopping Japan was by the sword —and Russia can not afford a war. Long Contest Lost As matters now stand. Russia's sixty-year contest with Japan has been lost. Her age-long drive toward warm water—toward a dependable seaport which would not freeze over and isolate her through the long winter months has been frustrated. Leningrad and Archangel are iceblocked annually. Odessa, on the Black sea, is kept open by icebreakers, but the Bosphorus, Sea of Marmora and the Dardanelles still must be passed before Odessa's commerce reaches even the Mediterranean. And Great Britain, normally hostile to Russia, guards both entrances to that seat—a,t Gibraltar and Suez. As far back as 1870, Czarist Russia had begun to lay plans for an outlet on the Pacific. Siberia, bigger by far than the United States, or the whole of Europe, had been conquered. All that remained was to build a railread from Moscow to the Yellow Sea or the Sea of Japan, and Russia would be free. Unlike Europe, Asia offered no powerful enemies capable of bar-

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ring her exii t. Weafc China and little Japan could be ignored. By 1877, the railrbad, begun at Moscowf, had reached the Voiga. During the 80s, the Volga was j bridged, and the road pushed on to the Urals. In 1891 the real TransSiberian was started at Vladivostok and just a decade later it was finished, tio all intents. But not without trouble. The seeds of future bloodshed were sown by the builders. Three wars already have been fought, and at least one more, gorier than any of the others, is now in sight. To win to warm water and make her Pacific outlet safe, Russia intrigued, openly and secretly, all over the Oirient. To obtain a lease on Port Arthur she entered into a conspiracy with the Chinese. To control Korea, she conspired with the weakling rulers at Steoul. Japan, just then waking up after centuries of feudalism and isolation, became alarmed. Korea, she said, was “a pistol at her head.” In tihe hands of Russia or China, or any other great nation, it might go off with fatal results. To put a stop to the new developments, she went to war with China. That was in 1994. Asa result of victory, the Japanese forced China to cede, in perpetuity, all the territory south of a line drawn from the mouth of the Yalu to Newchwang—in other words, to the South Manchurian peninsular, including Port Arthur.

But Russia had long had her eyes on that region. So, backed by Germany and France, Russia intervened, nobly advising Japan, "in a spirit of friendship,” and to preserve “the peace of the Far East,” to give up this concession. Japan complied. According to the Japanese, Russia already had a secret understanding with China. Asa reward for her services, Russia obtained from China the concession to build the Chinese Eastern Railway across north Manchuria. The Trans-Siberian route, far to the north, zigzagging along the Amur river to Vladivostok, was too long and too precarious. The Chinese Eastern would provide not only a short cut to Vladivostok, but open up rich territory yielding heavy freight revenues. This concession was granted in 1896. in 1897 Russia seized Port Arthur, while imperial Germany—her sanctimonious partner in persuading Japan to give up south Manchuria—seized part of Shantung. Russian intrigue in the Far East now redoubled. The Chinese Eastern was laid. Port Arthur was made into what was then considered to be an impregnable fortress and naval base. During the Boxer troubles, Russia crammed Manchuria with still more troops and ran up her flag from Harbin to Newchang. Once more Japan took alarm. She

Second Section

Entered in Second-Cl*?g Matter at Postofflce. Indianapolis

Nipponese Dream of C.eat Empire in Orient Near Achievement. ; believed herself doomed. Experts i the world over conceded Russia to :be the strongest; military power on j earth, and Japan one of the weakj est. But, the Japanese contended, it would be more honorable to be i wiped out fighting than slowly to be [starved to death cooped up on her : little islands. In 1904, therefore, Japan declared | war against Russia. Russia was defeated. She lost South Manchuria, [including Port Arthur, to Japan. [ Also she lost that part of her rail- ; way between Changchung and Port | Arthur. Keeps Hold on Manehuria But Russia retained her hold on Manchuria from Changchung northj ward, and on the Chinese Eastern short cut to Vladivostok. And, despite all her trouble, she held on ! to these interests down to the present year. Today, however, Japan has outmaneuvered her. She still holds title —with China as half partner—to the Chinese Eastern railway, but it is more of a liability than an asset. The railroad has been cut in a number of places. Through freight can not move. Vladivostok has been cut off from the West. Manchuria no longer is Manchuria to the Japanese, but Manchoukuo, a Japanese puppet state. Manchuokuo's soya beans, soya oils, soya bean cakes, timber and other products no longer exist via the Chinese Eastern and the port of Vladivostok, but via the Japanese-owned South Manchuria railway and Dairen. Link Being Completed Now, Japan is completing the link between Changchung and Seishin, a Korean port not far from Vladivostok. This railway roughly parallels the Chinsee Eastern. Russia either can sell to Japan at whatever price Japan wants to pay or she can let her rail tracks across. Manchuria becomes'twin streaks of rust. The railway gone, the Russian sphere of influence goes with it. In full possession of Manchuria, Japan now can cut Russia's remaining Amur river line between any sunset and sunrise. Without that railway, Vladivostok would be cut off from all support from the land. From the sea, Japan would Have everything her own way. She has one of the world’s most powerful navies. Russia has none. * LIFE TERM IS UPHELD Supreme Court Sustains Conviction on Criminal Assault Count. Life term in prison for Joseph Alstott, canvicted here in 1928 of criminal assault, has been upheld by the supreme court.

PUBLIC WORKS j PLAN TO GIVEi MILLIONS JOBS Program Will Be Launched on Day That President Signs Bill. BY MAX STERN Times Special Writer WASHINGTON, June B—A federal public works program totaling more than $800,000,000 will be ready to launch on the day the President signs the recovery act. This program, under title 2 of the bill, does not include the $2,000,000,000 to be made available through grants and loans to states and cities for socially liquidating projects. It is the federal government's own program and comes out of the $1,300,000.000 provided for the job-making activities that are 10 be crowded into the next two years as primers for the industrial recovery pump. The federal program which, it is believed, will be ready to announce as soon as the new bill becomes a law, is two-fold. Includes Huge Projects 1. The $400,000,000 road-building program. In this will be plans for grade crossing elimination, resurfacing. widening and building of federal roads in all states. 2. A plan involving expenditure of about $400,000,000 more in harbor works, army housing, lighthouse, seacoast, lake and important river improvements, a general reconditioning of the federal plant. The latter plans are being sifted from more than ten thousand federal building projects that have been submitted by seventy-five federal departments and bureaus to the stabilization board. Army engineers are working with Colonel D. H. Sawyer of the board to whip plans into shape so that little time will be lost. The two plans together are expected to give direct and indirect employment to upward of 800,000 men. Millions to Get Jobs The recovery bill's public work* program of $3,300,000,000 is considered by the administration as less important as a job-maker than the private industry control features under title 1 of the act. The estimate is 1,000,000 jobs for each sl.000,000,000 spent in public works. The administration hopes to pub 6,000.000 men to work under title 1. Meantime, states and cities are preparing to storm Washington with, thousands of plans under the $500,000,000 grant fund and the $1,500.000.000 loan fund. Every sort of project, from California’s $30,000,000 authorized all-American canal to New York’s $76,000,000 midtown, tunnel are being projected. A public works board under the administrator will handle these applications.