Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 284, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 April 1933 — Page 19

APRIL -7, 1033

—Dietz on Science — CIRCUMPOLAR STARS ALWAYS ABOVE HORIZON Five Constellations Go in Endless Path in Sky’s ‘Bowl.’ BY DAVID DIETZ Scripps-Iloward Science Editor Five constellations wheel around the north star in an eternal dance. They are always to be found in the night sky whether the season be spring, summer, fall or winter. They always are close to the north star. In fact, it is their closeness which keeps them always in the night sky. Because the earth rotates upon its axis, the bowl of the sky seems to turn with the north star as a pivot. Stars at a distance from the north star come over the eastern horizon, more across the sky and set in the west, Just as the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But the stars which are close to Ihe north star never dip below the horizon. They merely go in a circle around the north star. The five constellations which behave in this way are known as the circumpolar constellations. They are easy to learn, and once you know them, they form guide-posts with which the other constellations can be located. Name Is from Creek If you do not know tiie.se five, devote a few of the cloudless nights of April to learning them. Asa matter of fact, they are learned quickly in one evening, but you want more observations to appreeiate their beauty and to gain confidence in your new' knowledge. One of the five is a constellation you already know, the Big Dipper. Everyone recognizes the seven bright stars which form the familiar dipper. The Big Dipper, with the smaller and fainter stars in its immediate vicinity, forms a constellation known to astronomers as Ursa Major, or the Great Bear. Its name comes down to us from the Romans, who like the Greeks before them, imagined the figure of a bear in this part of the sky. The ancients drew the figure of the bear in such a way that t-e stars which form the handle of the dipper, composed the tail of the bear. In Second Magnitude With the aid of the Big Dipper, it is a simple matter to find the north star, and as soon as you have found it, you have also found the Little Dipper, the second of the circumpolar constellations. The two stars which form the outside of the bowl of the Big Dipper are known as the pointers, because a line drawn through them leads directly to the north star. Polaris, as astronomers call the north star, is about as bright as the stars of the Big Dipper. These are not among the very brightest in the heavens and are known as second magnitude stars. Polaris is also a second magnitude star. In addition to being the ! north star, Polaris is the tip of the handle of the Little Dipper. The stars which form the Little Dipper all art fainter than Polaris. Seven stars form the Little Dipper. It is shaped like the big one, but. as the name indicates, is much smaller. .It is turned the other way with respect to the Big Dipper, the bowl of the Little Dipper sweeping in the direction of the handle of the Big Dipper. Imagination Is Stretched You already know how r to trace a ; line from the pointers in the Big ■ Dipper to Polaris in the Little Dip- ! per. Now' continue this same line j across the sky beyond the north star for about an equal distance. The line will end every near five fairly bright stars which form a I sort of letter “W.” These five stars are the principal ] ones in the constellation of Cassio- j peia, which the, ancients named after the beautiful Queen Cassiopeia of legendary fame. The ancients imagined Tier seated in the sky upon her throne. Now on stretch of the imagination will enable you to form a throne and a queen out of the stars in this constellation and so you might just as well give the ancients credit for great imaginations and let it go at that. Now' you know’ the five circumpolar constellations.

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CONTRACT BRIDGE BY W. E. M KENNEY Srrretarv American Bridie I^earue 'T'HIR Is the fourth of a series of four hands played by the famous Bid-Rite Club team in winning the eastern championship at N?w York this year. • Many players are under the impression that most matches are won by brilliant bids or plays. As explained to you in the first of this erics, Mr. Burnstine won the first hand for his team by correctly analyzing the hand and then passing. In today’s hand, Mr. Howard Sch?nken won 1,400 points for his side because he was tricky enough to pass and let the oponents get themselves into too deep water. Mr. Schenken was sitting in the South. Both sides were vulnerable. He passed, West also passed, and Mr. Charles Lochridge, in the North, bid one club. East overcalled wdth one spade. When good players overcall vulnerable, you can count on them holding a five-card suit and a pretty fair hand.

A None VA-7 ♦ A-8-7-4-2 AQ-J-8-6-5-2 AQ-J-8 [™l*A-10. *K-J- * I 7-5-2 10-9-5 </> W VQ ♦ J-6 H H ♦K-Q----*lO-9-4 Dealer 10-5 SOUTH! *K-7-3 A K-9-6-4-3 VB-6-4-3-2 ♦ 9-3 AA

Mr. Schenken also realized that his opponents knew that Mr. Lochridge was ape to open a very weak third hand, even though he was vulnerable, as ne had done so on a previous board. !t tt tt TV ATHER than double the bid of one spade, Mr. Schenken believed it best to pass to see if the opponents would continue the bidding. West was justified perfectly in going to two spades. Mr. Lochridge passed. This was all the encouragement that East needed to go to four spades, which Mr. Schenken promptly doubled. Mr. Schenken led his ace of clubs and shifted to the nine of diamonds which his partner won with the ace, and returned the queen of clubs. East covered with the king and Mr. Schenken trumped. He led a heart w'hich North won w'ith the ace and returned the jack of clubs, upon which Mr. Schenken discarded his three of diamonds. North returned a diamond and Mr. Schenken trumped with the four of spades. He led a heart, which was won in dummy. When the declarer led the queen of spades from dummy and took the finesse, Mr. Schenken won with the king and his side had taken seven tricks against a four-spade vulnerable contract, thereby defeating his opponents four tricks for a score of 1,400 points. (Copyright. 1933. by NEA Service, Inc.) QUAKE ROCKS COAST Severe Shock Recorded in Lower California Area. Bjf Times Special PASADENA, Cal., April 7. —An earthquake of severe intensity, probably 200 miles southward, in the Lower California peninsula, was reported here Thursday by the Carnegie institution seismological laboratory. Severe earth shocks also were felt in the Lcs Angeles area early in the morning.

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TIME TO PRUNE FREIGHT RATES, CAPITAL VIEW Commerce Commission to Open Broad Probe to Decide on Slashes. fly Kcripps-ll oxenrd yetcspnprr Allinnoe WASHINGTON, April 7.—Backed by the unqualified statement of j leading economists that high railroad freight rates now are a deterrent to business recovery, the interstate commerce commission has unI dertaken a broad investigation to j determine which rates should be reduced. Simultaneously, the administra-

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THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

i tion is preparing railroad legislation ! to effect economies in operation. These, working together, and accompanied by railroad reorganization and railroad rehabilitation of physical properties, may be the means for alleviating the financial distress of the national steam transportation system. The interstate commerce commission's action was taken directly upon petition of national farm organizations, but it probably was based in the earlier belief of at least some members of the commission that carrier charges must be brought more in line with commodity prices. In blistering dissents, three commissioners made this very point when a majority of the body recently permitted the railroads to continue the surcharges on a long list of products, chiefly non-agricul-tural. granted a year ago in lieu of the 15 per cent general freight rate increase demanded by carrier managements. The case for rate reduction has just been made by economists, who were employed at the behest of or-

‘ oanized railway investors to study ! the transportation problem for the Coolidge committee. This committee's report, recommending rate reductions in its appendix. was made public just about the time railway managements were demanding continuation of the surI charges. “There can be no doubt.” says the economists’ survey of our transportation system made for the Cool-idge-Smith committee, “that high freight rates now serve as a deterrent to business recovery.” ASHORE AFTER 3 YEARS Sailor Sticks on Oil Supply Boat Anchored in Harbor. Bp United Press BOSTON, April 7.—Clayton (Pop) Gray recently enjoyed shore leave for the first time in three years. Though the oil supply boat to which he is attached never ventures out of Boston Harbor, Gray’s trips ashore are, by choice, few and far between.

FEES ORDERED CUT ON CITY'S GOLF COURSES Park Board Takes Action After Arguing Five Hours Over Charges. Here are the reduced fees on municipal golf courses, fixed Thursday by the park board after arguments continuing for five hours: South Grove—Flat fee of 25 cents for eighteen holes, Saturdays, Sundays £nd holidays included. Coffin Course —Fifty cents for eighteen holes, including Saturday and Sunday. Riverside and Pleasant Run—

' Fifty cents a round except Monday and Friday. On these days a charge of 25 cents will be made. Sarah Shank—Twenty-five cents a round for nine holes except Monday and Friday, when 25 cents will entitle player to eighteen holes. Family ticket prices were cut also. Season tickets, interchangeable on all city courses, will sell for Sls. If a wife should want one. it will cast an additional SlO. Each child under 16 may obtain a ticket ! for an additional $5. The head of a family must buy a ticket to obtain 1 these rates. Exception was made in this schedule insofar as Sarah Shank course is concerned, a special head-of-the-family ticket good only for the season on this course will cost $10: for a wife, $7, and one for a : child under 16, $5. I For two hours Thursday forenoon, the park board, which had ! fixed a 50-cent fee. heard pleas for | reduction, principal spokesman bei ing John L. Niblack, president of

PAGE 19

the Indianapolis Municipal Oo’J Association. He had the support ot the presence of twenty-five other golfers and a petition asking fee reduction signed by 800 persons. Three hours Thursday afternoon were spent in conference from which emerged the schedule of lower fees.

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