Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 256, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 March 1933 — Page 4

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'' •> f > XOWUI Give lA'jht ond tAs People Will Fi„,i Their Own Wo y

MONDAY MARCH 8 1933 NOW A CIGARET TAX! Every individual and organization in the country Is counting pennies and planning economies today. The Indiana legislature, however, is proposing more taxes. This time it is a cigaret tax. Our lawmakers are about to charge 1 cent lor every ten cigarets sold in the state. Apparently they have not heard of the law of diminishing returns. They do not realize that there Is a point to which taxation may be pushed that makes it unproductive. Yet they rapidly are approaching that point in this state. Thrift is the most difficult thing in the world for a politician to learn. He comes to look upon the taxpayer as some d’stant and mysterious horn of plenty which needs only to be tapped to yield a never-ending golden stream. Taxpayers are tired of this. They are pointing out forcefully to their elected officials that there Is only one way to save and that is by cutting costs. These are singularly inappropriate times to be talking about taxing cigarets, which are one of the few luxuries left to the poor man. If the legislators would use the same ingenuity in reducing the operating expenses of government as they have in thinking up new taxes, Indiana would be a whole lot further along on the road back to prosperity. TIIE BANK HOLIDAY The President has acted with his promised speed to protect bank depositors and to conserve the nation's gold supply. That is the significance of his proclamation of a modified banking holiday until Thursday, when congress will meet in special session to pass a protective bank law. Under the circumstances, the President had no choice. Runs and hoarding were pulling down even strong banks, and the gold raid from abroad threatened to drain the national reserve. State'and local moratoria had fed public fear to the point where runs would have been multiplied with the unprotected opening of banks. By ordering a nation-wide issuance of clearance house certificates under federal reserve regulation, the President has provided a form of temporary currency with which to transact business. That wipes out one of the worst features of the situation during the last few days, in which nothing took the place of frozen money and checks and in which business was being paralyzed for lack of a medium of exchange. The best evidence that the President and his advisers have not succumbed to panic is that the banking moratorium is modified carefully to permit the government at any time during the next four days to lift any part of the restrictions for any or all banks. It seems that the major necessity of the moment is to prevent foreign gold withdrawals and to provide temporarily a form of emergency currency for general domestic use, pending bank reform legislation, rather than embark on any extreme currency inflation. Put in the form of a paradox, the purpose seems to be to go off the gold standard for the moment to strengthen the gold standard for permanent use. Obviously, it would be unwise for the public to accept the many rumors regarding unlimited printing press money which are being spread as a result of the proclamation. There is nothing in the declaration or acts of Mr. Roosevelt to date to indicate that he favors extreme inflation. It is a long jump from an embargo on gold exports, such as the President now has laid down, to such inflation. This is no time for jitters. The important thing Is that the government and the nation have passed out of the stage of do-nothing defeatism, that we at last are taking the offensive, that a basic reform plan for our inefficient banking system is being perfected, and that congress has been called in special session to act on it quickly, that the President has decreed a temporary system to protect the patriotic public's money from unpatriotic raiders until the new and stronger system can be put to work. If you have money in the bank, it is safer today than it was yesterday, because the government has tied it up until the banks are prepared to protect it. Meanwhile, the country can do business as usual, and successfully, on clearing house certificates, just as it has in other emergencies. THIS IS ACTION The President's call for a special session of congress to attack the depression is action. That is what the public wants—action. When in his inaugural address, he declared war on Wall Street domination, he expressed the bitterness of millions who have been sold out by selfish and false leaders. Not since Woodrow Wilson has there been a man in the White House with sufficient courage and vision to stand up in public and tell the truth about the money power. Instead, during the last twelve years, administration officials and the political hangers-on have taken most of their ideas and policies from Wall Street. We have had government by money changers. The real government was not in Washington, but in New York. The new deal, if it means anything, must mean moving the government back to Washington. Since the bankers' gambling orgy collapsed in 1929, the financial magnates have been suspect. The Insull revelations, leading into Chicago and New York banks, turned public sentiment to positive distrust. With the recent senate expose of the National City bank came public contempt for bankers who have betrayed their trust. So President Roosevelt, in his pledged crusade to clean up banking, is not a voice crying in the wilderness. If he follows through on this program, he will have a united nation behind him. Under public pressure, the new congress, when it meets Thursday, will pass any legislation he suggests, give him any power he requests, for the purpose of building out of the wreck a banking system that will work. During the last month there has been something worse than bank failures and moratoria and unemployment. 'Worse than what had happened was the

fear of what might happen and the knowledge that nothing was being done about it. Now that is changed. To that extent at least the new deal Is here functioning. President Roosevelt does not expect the bankers who got us Into the mess to get us out. He proposes that the government do that job—almost anything the government does will be an improvement on the old discredited system. The people know that there is more safety with a Roosevelt at the helm than’ with the discredited bankers. That is why there is more hope in the country today than at any time in recent months, despite the bank holiday. SHINING EXAMPLE FOR DRYS One of the most interesting discussions of the current fight to repeal the eighteenth amendment comes from Stanley High, former editor of the Christian Herald. Speaking in Brooklyn not long ago, Mr. High warned the drvs of the land not to block ratification of the repeal amendment. By concentrating in certain states, he said, they might be able to do it; but the only result would be a thoroughgoing nullification, “which would just as effectively release the country from the provisions of the prohibitory amendment as outright repeal.” But he went on to add that this does not mean that the fight against alcohol should end. On the contrary, he asserted that “this is the moment when the drys, once again, should declare w>ar on liquor and make that declaration too apparent to be overlooked.” This declaration, he added, should involve the drafting of an educational plan aimed not at the nation's legislators, but at its young people. Then, remarking that “what the dry cause needs Is not more pressure in Washington and at the state capitals, but more conversions among tifc constituencies,” he closed with this assertion: “If such a program comes out of the present situation, then I believe the drys will one day look upon the defeat of prohibition as a victory for temperance. Here, truly, is anti-liquor agitation of a kind we have not heard for years; and in the long run it is possible that it will prove about the only kind worth having. It recognizes the importance of reaching the individual and persuading him to do something instead of trying to compel him to do it. The man wffio refrains from drinking only because the drinking places have been closed is apt to start again as soon as he meets his first bootlegger. But the man who lays off because of his own resolves is an abstainer of a more trustworthy sort. Mr. High's call for an educational campaign as to the values of temperance and moderation opens a new field to the organized drys—a field in which they can render extremely useful service. CAN THIS BE SHAW? One of the amazing things the present Far Eastern crisis has done is to bring from Bernard Shaw the admission that possibly he has been talking too much. Touring the Far East, Mr. Shaw was called on to say a few words to Chinese students in Hongkong. He did so, advising the students to “study revolutionary thought”—and gave the authorities there cold shivers. When he reached Shanghai, the police arrested 100 students who planned to meet him, and it began to appear to Mr. Shaw that his remarks perhaps had not been chosen judiciously. So he said: “The present situation is far from a joke. I do not desire to embarrass any party. I believe my best course henceforth is to shut up.” A remark of that kind from Bernard Shaw, the irrepressible, is about the last thing any of us ever expected to hear. Our traditions should be kept in mind in working out international co-operat;on, says the new secretary of state. Offhand, it might seem that world co-operation has the habit of encountering traditional obstacles. Remembering that music hath charms to soothe the savage beast, maybe Secretary of the Treasury Woodin, who is quite a musician, will go ahead and scatter his notes across a grateful nation. From the pictures we’ve seen of them, rubber bathing suits are going to have to take a lot of strain—from rubber necks. Most every one’s advocated a tax plan except the baseball umpires. They’re probably plotting a prohibitive tax on bottled beverages.

Just Plain Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

A NY student of history can see that the decline of the American man dates from the disappearance of the mustache. With the bristling beard, there departed something aggressive, dominant, cocksure from the masculine makeup that has left the male but a faint shadow of his former glorious self. For the real old-fashioned American mustache was an awe-inspiring object, far different from the thin, weak, Ineffectual specimens we see occasionally today. It not only protected from public gaze certain facial weaknesses, but it added to the countenance an Individuality that gave to each man his own particular claim to attention. No two mustaches were exactly alike in any community. Some were long, silken, flowing. Others were belligerent, pointed, fierce. There were the luxurious, bushy, opulent and the weary, faded and despondent kinds. Some fell in rich waves over both lips, some went sideways, some drooped languidly like twin falls to the chin, some bristled, some swaggered, some were funereally sad. BBS A ND each fellow could choose the sort best fitted 1 to his face and his ambition. You could guess a man's profession or trade by the sort of trim he affected. Individuals expressed themselves through their mustaches. There was a type for every temperament, a model for every mood. And in those days, the men were something to look at. Asa small girl, living in a land where both men and mustaches were wild, I used to stand entranced, gazing at the mustache stroking which was then developed into a fine art. It lent an air of majestic power to the least important man. The cups, made especially to keep these lovely hirsute decorations from drowning in the coffee, fascinated me. They were much larger than the ordinary cups from which the ladies sipped. About them lingered some of the power, the expansiveness, the vast self-assertiveness that made the male of that day so incontrovertibly right. Yes, I mourn the downfall of man and deplore bitterly the passing of the magnificent American mustache.

THE INDIAXAPOLIS TIMES

The Girl He Left Behind Him!

It Seems to Me .... by Heywood Broun

course,” said the young man, "there will be another world war. It will begin within three years.” Over in the corner some of the elders w'ere indulging in the discussion, much heard of late, that Franklin D. Roosevelt is the last President to be elected in the United States. And in the other little groups in various parts of the city, equally dogmatic assertions were being made as to the coming of complete chaos, of Fascism, of savagery and bloody terror. Some of the prophets are sure to turn out wrong. Nor do I believe that there is any golden book in which the precise state of the world for the year 1936 is written down in all detail. One of the favorite phrases of the dogmatists is “History shows ” Beginning with that, they are able to quote precedents proving that the theories which they voice are inevitable. B B B Has Its Surprises BUT history is less than an exact science, or, rather, it becomes precise only when every one of the innumerable factors which enter into its fabric has been considered. And the human mind is not quite subtle enough to do that. As things stand, the lessons of history -are in many instances ambiguous. And for that matter, history is not made wholly by the winds and the tides and the convulsions under the earth. It is not even largely molded by little men on large white horses. You and I are the history makers. Naturally, I am including in that “you" the many millions. Most curious of all is the fact that many predict with great certainty the very things which they must deplore. I mean, you will find radicals saying with great confidence, “Os course, we are goingt to get Fascism before we reach our co-operative state.” Part of the explanation for Hitler's accession to power lies in this calm acceptance of his inevitability by people who didn’t in the least want him. That seems to me a very silly state of mind. There is no point in being overoptimistic and trying to prevent certain social and economic catastrophes by calmly announcing that they can not possibly happen. I think the future lies ahead of us like anew sheet of paper in a typewriter, and that there will be set down there precisely what resolution or inertia dictates. It is easy enough to point out that man in the main seldom has lived up to his place in the universe as a rational and reasoning creature. He has been guilty of a thousand follies. He has done those things which he ought not to have done and left undone those things which he ought to have done. But there is some health in him. Upon occasion he has stood on his hind legs and behaved with superb courage and great wisdom. He may do the same thing again. It is just as possible to reason

Benzene Poisoning May Be Fatal

BENZENE, also called benzol, has many uses in trade and commerce. It is used as a motor fuel: is used as a solvent in the manufacture of rubber goods of one type or another; it is also sometimes used in manufacture of spray paints, floor cleansers, floor waxes, varnish removers, and indeed as a solvent for all sorts of materials. Benzene is a clear fluid known as a coal tar product. Ordinarily, the vapors are heavier than air. which is important in relationship to poisoning, as is also the fact that the heating of benzene will cause it to become lighter, to rise, and to spread throughout the air. A person who has been poisoned by benzene acts much like a man who has become intoxicated by too much alcohol: either he will become unconscious or appear to be dazed. He will stagger when walking or,

from the exceptions in history as from the traditions. B B B Talking Away Fears T AM well aware that wars have crept up on communities in the face of the fact that all the citizens had said repeatedly, “We won't have any more wars.” All too often they suddenly have found one in their laps. It is certainly too little for a group or an individual to say, “I’m against wars,” and then settle back as if that simple declaration had solved the problem. Wars will be abolished only when their roots and causes have been identified clearly and extirpated. Even so, I think the man who does no more than register dissent is serving humanity a little better than the persons who are convinced so enormously of the coming of the next conflict. The progression of mankind from darkness to a degree of civilization has been less orderly than the building of a staircase. Every now and then a nation has managed to skip a phase. It isn’t impossible to inspirit mankind so profoundly that we may go up-

Insects War on Man - - - BY DAVID DIETZ —— — -

'T'WO legs against six legs. That, in a phrase, is the story of the biggest war in the history of the world. It is the war, now in progress, which man is waging against the six-legged creatures, the insects, for possession of the world. If man ever lets go—and sometimes in the midst of depressions and international strife it looks as though his grip was none too tight—the Insects will take things over without loss of time. The story of the war for possession of the earth is told by W. P. Flint, chief entomologist of the Illinois State Natural History Survey, and C. L. Metcalf, professor of entomology in the University of Illinois, in “Insects, Man's Chief Competitors.” The book, a small one of 133 pages, is published in the $1 “Century of Progress” series by Williams & Wilkins. It is written in clear, graphic style and makes most interesting reading. “Insects are the most destructive and dangerous group of animals on earth.” the authohs tell us. “They do not consciously or intentionally fight us, except rarely in defense of their nests. “They are injurious to us because they are direct and relentless competitors for nearly every one of the necessities of life. “Man and insects want the same things for food. They want to occupy the same places. Insects and man conflict with each

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hrtreia, the Health Maaazine. if sufficiently affected, become drowsy and gradually unconscious, so that finally he dies. In milder cases, there is depression, nausea, vomiting, and a tendency to sleep. Moreover, there are likely to be changes in the blood which are revealed by other symptoms, such as bloody spots appearing suddenly over the body. nun A PERSON subjected to re- '*■ peated inhalations of benzene shows loss of vigor and fatigue. Os course, the most important point in making a diagnosis of this condition is to determine that the person concerned has been in contact with benzene. If a man who has been cleaning a still or a tank, or who has been painting the inside of a tank

stairs three steps at a time. We don’t have to inch along. To me the danger of going too slowly is far greater than the risk of running at top speed. When the timbers of a house reach a certain stage of decay it is a mere waste of time to say, “We'll put in the sound new ribs of wood one at a time.” It is better than to build from the ground up. B B B Eyes That See Not IN recent weeks and months I have met a great many people who seemed to me hardly touched in imagination by the whirl of events. I have found some who talk very calmly about the next war, as if it were a necessary something to be taken in stride. And I have heard a lot about the inevitable. But it seems to me that no one has a right to say of any future contingency that it is inevitable until we have tried the simple experiment of giving it a good, sound swat in the jaw. And if this supposed invincible giant begins to totter, then we can give him another. Only in a world of pushovers is the worst a thing which is bound to occur. (Copyright. 1933. bv The Times)

other at many points in their activities.” 8 8 8 Thirty Million Aphids /~\NE insect is not important—unless perhaps its the mosquito that buzzes into your bedroom at midnight on a hot summer's night. The strength of insects lies in their numbers. Our authors tell us that it is almost impossible to comprehend the numbers of insects around us. They examined a tulip tree. The underside of most of its leaves were dotted with green and rosecolored plant lice or aphids. Counts revealed that there were about 340 aphids to a leaf. The number of leaves on the tree was estimated conservatively at 100,000. That meant more than 30 - 000,000 aphids on that one tree alone. •* B B Insects and Men 'n'OKTUNATELY, insects are not JL everywhere quite so numerous. The United States bureau of entomology, our authors tell us. estimate that insects average 25 000 - 000 to each square mile of ’ the earth’s surface. The human population of the United States averages less than fifty persons to the square mile. Insects fight man “by eating everything.” “Probebiy 90 per cent of all vast damage insects do is the direct result of their feeding, or arises from their efforts to get their food,” they write.

with a paint containing benzene; suddenly develops these symptoms, it may be taken for granted that he probably has benzene poisoning. If any one engaged in spray painting or removal of various paints or varnishes develops such symptoms, the paint or material used should be investigated at once as to its benzene content. It is, of course, of first importance for the person concerned to be removed as soon as possible from the situation in which he is exposed to the benzene. The physician sees to it that he is put immediately at rest, that he gets sufficient sleep, that his heart is supported properly by the right kind of remedies, that there is plenty of fresh air, and that his nutrition is adequate. If the blood damage has been great, it is, of course, important to pay special attention to building it up.

M. E. Tracy Says:

TALK WILL XOT HALT JAPAX

JAPAN is right in asking that “realities" be given first, consideration in connection with the Manchurian situation, but she is wrong in assuming that they are confined to Manchuria, or even to the Far East. Among others, the nine-power pact is a reality, the integrity of China is a reality, the League of Nations is a reality, and, above ail else, the vote by which the league unanimously censured Japan is a reality.

Possibly the most discouraging reality is the n. fact that while the world regards Japans policy as reprehensible, it is unwilling to do more than express an opinion to that effect. While this expression of opinion represents a real step in advance. its failure to accomplish results should not be misunderstood. Here we have a grim reminder of how much farther it is necessary to go if the peace movement is to mean more than futile criticism. The most consequential reality of the Manchurian situation is the uninterrupted march of Japanese troops and the virtual certainty that Jehol will be cut away from China. That is something we can not laugh away. B B B Must Offer More Than hlcals THE peace movement can not hope to succeed without tangible results. It must offer humanity something solider than beautiful ideals, or even sound ideas, if it is to be translated into anew and workable order of international relations. Knowing, as we do. that peace can not be maintained in a small village without a constable or a deputy sheriff to enforce the laws, is it not ridiculous to suppose that peace can come to the world without means to prevent or punish its violation? There is not a nation on earth, a province, or even a city where court decrees are sufficient unto themselves, or where people dare to depend on mere declarations for maintenance of order. Yet we are proceeding on the assumption that all humanity can be directed and governed in that way. The point is. of course, that we are unwilling to make the necessary surrender of rights, assume the necessary responsibilities, and do the necessary work. Though ready to accept the ideal as an academic proposition, we are not ready to accept it as a task. 8 8 8 Japan Sees Clear Field Ahead JAPAN assumes that, having been scolded and having withdrawn from the League of Nations, the incident is about closed, and that she now can go forward without interference. No doubt, she feels somewhat hurt and humiliated, and no doubt she looks for a certain amount of retaliation on the part of one or two governments at some future date. But—and this is the all-important reality—Japan feels thet nothing of a drastic nature will be done to stop her from taking Jehol, just as she took Manchuria, or even from crossing the Great Wall if she decides to do so. Indeed, Japan would be justified in regarding the present situation as reasonably good proof that she can go as far as she likes in tearing China apart and extending her foothold on the continent of Asia. The final and overshadowing reality is that while people throughout the world recognize the League of Nations as right and Japan wrong, they are content to let the latter go right on, unless she can be diverted with words.

Every Day Religion ■ BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON

IT is odd how we love some words, and hate others. Some are lovely, others ugly. All w’ords were poems originally, but some have become prosey by overwork. We meet a man named Smith, but if we have eyes we see, somewhere in the past, a sturdy, hearty, happy smithy. A furnace glow's, and *ve hear the ring of the hammer on the anvil as the sparks fly. Some man loved his work so w T ell that be took his name from it. One of my favorite words is consideration—l love it for its sound as w r ell as its sense. It is a quiet, thoughtful, brooding w'ord, but its story is a romance. (It comes from two words —con, meaning to think over and over, to learn by heart, to steei like a pilot; and Sidera, which means the stars. To consider a thing, then, means to take it out of doors and think it over and over under the wide and starry sky. We get too close to things, or they get too close to us. They suffocate us. Our thinking is hot, hasty, stuffy and we lose a sense of proportion. Little things become big and big things little. But if we take our problem out of doors and get the perspective of the stars, we see its true size. As Emerson said, under a clear cool night of stars nature will say to us, “So hot, my little sir!” and we are less feverish. B B B A MAN in Columbia university . made anew time clock, on which he indicated not the hour, but the age, of the earth and of the race, as science now reckons it. It was an amazing revelation. On that clock the World war, lasted one-fifteenth of a second, with its blood and mud and agony, Just a pin-prick, hardly perceptible at all! Just so our perplexity, w'hich looms so large today, is a tiny thing in that vast setting. Maybe that is why men of science are not depressed today, like the r-st of us. To see things under “the aspect of eternity,” as the philosophers say, is to learn wisdom and patience. “My people doth not consider,”

So They Say

With our population stabilized at approximately 170,000,009, as it will be in fifty years, technology can make the American dream of well-being and happiness for all a realitv—Professor Jesse H. Newlon. Teachers’ College, Columbia University. We know so little about the persons with whom we spend our lives that nowadays we have no friends, but only illusions.—Dr. Harry Stark Sullivan, psychiatrist. I think that it is fortunate for the wealthy that the poor cannot attend the symphony concerts. Great music would disturb the poor, and I feel that this eventually would disturb the wealthy. —Arthur Franck, writer, lecturer. Agriculture is suffering from iron debts and rubber 1 money.— Louis John Tabor of the National Grange. Fifty to 100 years should be sufficient commemoration by a statue for numbers of men so honored.— Dr. William Foxley Norris, dean of Westminster.

Daily Thought

Behold the nations are as a drop of a bucket, and are counted as the small dust of the balance: behold, he taketh up the isles as a very little thing.—lsaiah 40:15. TO have greatly dreamed, precludes low ends.—Lowell.

.MARCH fi, 1033

TRACY

God said to the prophet. That is they take short, narrow views of the ways of God, and so do not understand His will. But when the clouds are off our souls, we can see the stars in liquid blue depths, and trust God. (Coovrieht. 1933. bv United Features Syndicate. Inc. i Questions and Answers Q—Name the members of the committee appointed by President Hoover in 1929 to study social trends in the United States. A—Dr. Wesley C. Mitchell, chairman; Dr. William F. Ogburn and Dr. Charles E. Merriam of the University of Chicago; Dr. Howard Odum of the University of North Carolina; Dr. Alice Hamilton of the Harvard School of Public Health; and Shelby M. Harrison of the Russell Sage Foundation. Q —Who governs the “holy land?" A—Great Britain, under mandate from the League of Nations. Q—What is the plural of cheese? A—Cheeses. Q—How many miles are there in a “light year?" A —5,080 billion. Q—What is the amount of pensions being paid to veterans of the war with Spain and their dependents? A—There are 196.541 veterans of the war with Spain on the pension rolls, who draw $98,822,945.87 annually. There are 36,802 widows, minor children and dependents who draw $14,640,207.69. Q. —What was the average age of enlisted and drafted men in the World war? A.—Twenty-four and eightynine one hundredths years. Q —When will the term of Governor Pinchot of Pennsylvania expire? A.—January, 1935. Q. —Does the widow of Nicholas Longworth, former speaker of the house of representatives, receive a pension? A.—No. Q. —Has Mussolini ever been In the United States? A.—No. Q. —What Is the origin of the quotation, “Such stuff as dreams are made of?” A.—Shakespeare’s “Tempest,” Act IV, Scene I. Q —What does “Wee Kirk o’ the Heather” mean? A—lt is Scotch dialect and means “Little Church of the Heather.” Heather is open uncultivated land. Q—ls northern Ireland part of Great Britain? A—Great Britain embraces only England, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands. Northern Ireland properly is embraced in the term the British Isles. Q—What day of the week was Aug. 19, 1889? A—Monday. Q —Has the United States government a diplomatic or other representative at the Vatican? A—No. Times Readers Voice Views ... Editor Times Since Clarence Darrow is so generous with his services in protecting criminals, possibly he could be of more assistance to Guiseppe Zangara, the assassin. C. L. CAIL. R. R. 1, Box 485.