Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 256, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 March 1933 — Page 1

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CERMAK DIES OF SHOT FIRED BY ASSASSIN Mayor Had Waged Brave Life Battle 19 Days After Shooting. FAMILY AT BEDSIDE Zangara Nov Will Face Murder Indictment for Crime. BV KDWARD YV. LEWIS I’nitrd Prrss StafT Correspondent MIAMI Fla., March 6.—Anton J. Cermak—Tony from the coal mines, who rose to be mayor of the nation's second city—died today from the effects of a bullet fired by an assassin, who hoped to strike down Franklin D. Roosevelt. The heroic nineteen-day battle of the fighting mayor came to a quiet end at 6:55 a. m. All through the night, Cermak had been sinking slowly. Physicians, friends and family alike recognized that another of the amazing rallies with which he has surprised those around him before could not be hoped for this time. Gangrenous pneumonia had set In to complicate the colitis, and heavy heart strain resulting from the bullet which cut through his abdomen, touched his lung and liver and lodged in his spine. The expected prosecution of Guiseppi Zangara, Cermak's assassin, on a first degree murder charge was delayed until an official report could be obtained on the cause of Cermak's death. Zangara Under Constant Guard The death was caused by "dry gangrene of the right lung, due to infection from the bullet” fired by Zangara, Dr. E. C. Thomas. Dade county physician, said after an autopsy today. Cermak's relatives now plan to start back to Chicago with his body at 6 p. m. Zangara was under constant guard in his cell on the twentysecond floor of the county building. Precautions were taken against permitting visitors, and he constantly was watched by deputies to prevent any attempt at suicide. Unless the fact that the governor has declared a legal holiday in connection with the banking situation interposes legal difficulties, it was believed Zangara's trial would be disposed of within thirty-six hours. Fights Bravely Until End If he is sentenced to be executed, a delay of seven days before the sentence could be carrid out would be obligatory under the state law. Mayor Cermak's death was announced by Edward C. Kelley, head of the south park board of Chicago, who had been waiting through the night near his friend and chief. The mayor’s last night was typical of the grim tenacity which characterized his career. Before midnight, his physicians had said he could not live an hour more. At 2:30, when he had sunk into a coma, they mov"d him out of the oxygen room in \> nich a precarious spark of life had been maintained for hours following a blood transfusion. But still the mayor, unconscious, battled on. Relatives and friends went into his room, stood a while by his bedside and left, unable to watch the touching, hopeless fight for long at a time. Family at Bedside At the bedside when Cermak died were his three daughters, his brother, Joseph, and his sister, Mrs. John Kallal; Mrs. Clara Beesley, Cermak's secretary; Dr. Frederick Tice, one of the staff of consulting physicians, and Dr. R. C. Woodward, hospital superintendent. Vivian Graham, 17. his granddaughter, who held his hand for hours during the night, also was at the bedside. The mayor died in the same room in the right wing of Jackson memorial hospital where ho had lain through most of his long fight. "He did not rouse before he died.” Kelly said. The official medical announcement of death, signed by Dr. R. C. Woodward, hospital superintendent, said: "Mayor Cermak passed away very quietly and peacefully at 6:55 a. m.” The mayor's daughters. Mrs. Lillian Graham, Mrs. E'la Jirka and Mrs. Helen Kenlay. broke down after his death. Thev refused to leave his room. Weeping, they embraced the body of their father. Day of Mourning Is Mamed Arrangements had been made during the night to have the mayor's body taken to the Philbrick funeral home. From there, according to tentative plans, it will be taken late today, escorted by mayors of the cities of greater Miami and by Shriners and civic leaders, to a train which will carry the world's fair mayor home. Mayor Gautier of Miami declared n day of public mourning, and the flag on the courthouse was ordered at half mast for a month. Mayor A. Frank Katzentine of Miami Beach, a close friend of Cermak, will accompany the funeral party to Chicago. Rose From Immigrant Home Anton J. r ermak rase to political power ana wealth from an immigrant home in the coal mining hamlet of Braidwood. 111. His later life was shaped by the trend of politics and it is as a (Turn to Page Two)

The Indianapolis Times Unsettled with rain tonight and Tuesday; warmer tonight; temperature above freezing.

VOLUME 44—NUMBER 256

Traction Car Smashes Into Truck; 23-Year-Old Driver Killed Instantly

—~i.i.i": fIK irailioii car wlu<i was dprailrd today at Twontv.a 1 .!, ... : _ liu % Street and Arlington avenue after striking a truck, driver of which wa | killed instantly. ■ Lower Left -Charles Rafferty Jr., 23. Thirtieth street and Laymai Jj avenue, driver of the truck. m Lower Right—Wreckage of the truck which Rafferty was driving. HITLERITES WiN PROWLER SLAIN VOIE VICTORY IN DRUG STOR Chancellor's Rule Approved Killed Instantly by Own< Tremendous Margin Waiting for Burglar \ Kj , r„iir<i press Receiving the full charge from BERLIN. March 6.—Chancellor shotgun in the throat. Howard tRe Adolf Hitlers command of set es( . sj( j e po ii Ce character, w ... i ma °y thundenngly has been af- killed instantly in a pharmacy

Loses Life Five Minutes After He Is Laid Off From Work. Less than five minutes after he! was laid off from work because of the banking situation, Charles Raf-, ferty Jr.. 23, living near Thirtieth 1 street and Layman avenue, was killed instantly today when a truck he was driving was struck by a traction car at Twenty-fifth street; and Arlington avenue. Two persons were hurt, neither; seriously, when the interurban was | derailed, the front section drop- ! ping into a ditch along the right of way. Driving a truck belonging to the j Koehler Bros, grocery, Thirty-fourth j street and Arlington avenue, where j he was employed. Rafferty was en I route home after being informed of temporary loss of his job. The impact demolished the truck, crushing Rafferty in the wreckage. William Standish of Muncie, mo- ; torman. incurred a lacerated hand from flying glass, and Miss Ethel DeShond. 401 North Illinois street, a passenger, was biuised when knocked to the floor of the inter- j urban. Her injuries were not serious. Rafferty, whose father is employed at the Lyman Brothers picture company, 31 Monument circle, had been given permission to use the truck for a short time during the morning. He had been employed at the store about three years. Roy Moppin of Muncie, conductor, and William Madelin of Indianapolis, another passenger on the car. were not hurt. The traction car was inbound on the NewcastleMuncie line. DAVIS TRIAL POSTPONED "Wisdom and Guidance" Needed in Capital. Is Plea. Rif United Press NEW YORK. March 6.—The retrial of Senator James J. Davis of Pennsylvania, charged with federal lottery law violations, today was postponed until Monday on the plea that his “wisdom, experience and guidance" were needed in Washington because of the present economic crisis. Firemen Break Up Jobless Meeting GARY. Ind., March 6.—Police Sunday night stopped a passing fire truck and used its hose to break up an unemployed council meeting.

It’s the Man With the Small Change Who’s Popular Today

BY ARCH STEIXEL “TYROTHER. can you change a five?" This was the city's newest song in the mile-square of industry today, as merchants and citizens faced locked bank doors. “Change” became the lip-service of store managers and cashiers. The rash register was worshiped for its nickels and dimes instead of its dollar bills. Any bill larger than $5 was looked at askance and unless the purchaser of the article was known not be on the endless tramp of going from store to store in search of “change ', his request was denied. The Indianapolis Railways Inc. literally acted as a mutual bank wi|\ the Indianapolis Power and

Upper—The traction car which was derailed today at Twenty-fifth street and Arlington avenue after striking a truck, driver of which was killed instantly. Lower Left—Charles Rafferty Jr., 23. Thirtieth street and Layman avenue, driver of the truck. Lower Right—Wreckage of the truck which Rafferty was driving.

HITLERITES WiN VOTE VICTORY Chancellor's Rule Approved by Tremendous Margin in Germany. Rj/ United Press BERLIN, March 6.—Chancellor ■ Adolf Hitler's command of Germany thundenngly has been affirmed. Returns still filtering in today showed that the Nazi rule was accorded a sweeping victory in Sunday's election, both in the Reichstag and the Prussian state diet. The national revolution is on its way and will continue, the Nazi leader declared as his party's poll mounted toward 20,000.000. The reichstag was convened for April 1 in the garrison church at Potsdam. The sensation of election day was the government’s seizure of the free city of Hamburg, where brown shirt ! Nazi storm troops and police in- \ vaded the city hall. The swastika emblem was raised over both the city hall and the Altona barracks. Lord Mayor Carl Petersef of Ham- ; burg resigned. The seizure was ordered telegraphically from Berlin by Wilhelm Fick, Hitlerite leader. Although communists polled more j than 4,800,000 votes and seated j eighty-one deputies, the party lost strength heavily as compared with previous elections. An impressive feature of the election was that the Catholic party last, the balance of power for the first time since the World war.

Teacher Bars Suspenders Lad, 11, Learns ‘No Gentleman’ Will Appear in Public With ‘Galluses’ Showing. BY HELEN LINDSAY A PAIR of red suspenders was the badge of manhood to 11-year-old Tommy Sefton today when he went to school. An hour later. Tommy returned to his home. 4621 Rookwood avenue. in tears. He had learned from Miss Anna Torrance, principal of School 86. Forty-ninth and Boulevard place, that “gentlemen do not appear in mixed company with suspenders showing." Tommy's grandfather. H. W. Sefton, 4725 Broadway, bought a pair of dark red corduroy trousers for his grandson Friday afternoon. "He asked Tom whether he ,

would rather have a belt or suspenders with them," Tommy's grandmother explained. "Os course Tom thought the suspenders were more manly—he had seen high school boys wear them. So he chose suspenders—dark red ones, to match the trousers." “Certainly I sent him home to chang ethe suspenders,” Miss Torrance said. "I explained to him that gentlemen did not show ther suspenders, any more than their garters or their underwear. I suggested that he put on his coat. He. only had a heavy lumber jacket here, so I told him to go right

! Light company, today. Change from car token purchases was being exchanged by the utility company for currency and vice versa. a a r A FEW small stores doing a cash business kept their doors locked rather than be j drained of their cash. One key store of a chain drug company declared that it could hold out without change until | mid afternoon, but after that it must receive a supply of coins or be forced to do business only in small amounts. Bank express companies were j swamped by requests for coinage. Companies farsighted enough to

INDIANAPOLIS, MONDAY, MARCH 6, 1933

PROWLER SLAIN IN DRUG STORE Killed Instantly by Owner Waiting for Burglar to Appear. Receiving the full charge from a shotgun in the throat. Howard (Red) Ferguson, said to be a well-known I west side police character, was ; killed instantly in a pharmacy at : Blake and New York streets early today. Larry Dugan, 30. of 304 Lansing street, owner of the pharmacy, shot Ferguson after waiting in hiding with Byron Knierim, a clerk. Dugan told police he had hidden in the store several nights in an attempt to catch prowlers who had been around the building. Knierim told police he ran from the store after the shooting in time to see a Negro run up outside steps leading to the pharmacy basement, and disappear west on New York street. Dugan said that after closing the sto v e he and Knierim secreted j themselves in the back room where they could watch the trapdoor leading from the basement. Shortly after midnight, they heard j a noise in the basement, and | Ferguson’s head appeared above the | opening. One shot was fired by Dugan, j Ferguson died almost instantly as j the charge, fired from a distance of a few feet, struck him. Hourly Temperatures 7a. m 32 10 a. m 38 Ba. m 32 11 a. m 42 9a. m 36 12 (noon).. 43 i

home and put on a belt instead of the suspenders.” Miss Torrance explained that she felt that it was the duty of the school to teach ‘'culture" and "the social graces" as well as academic studies. "If I taught in a district where it was necessary for the boys not to wear coats, because they didn't have them. I might have to put up with the sight of suspenders in my classrooms.” Miss Torrence said. "But. these conditions do not exist in this school, and suspenders are just one thing that will not be tolerated."

conserve their supply of change were bearing the brunt of the shopping for silver by other merchants. The fellow who tried to buy two packages of cigarets and gave a $5 bill for payment forced cashiers to resort to safes for change, or was turned down. All business was being done on a cash basis with the exception of a few companies which received checks conditional with bank payment at a later date. a a a ALL hotels reported salesmen stranded in the city due to lack of funds. The salesmen awaited wired orders for money with which to return to the home office. •

ROOSEVELT SPEEDS PLANS FOR FINANCIAL RECOVERY; ALL BANKS IN U. S. CLOSE

Bankers Await Next Move of Roosevelt: Scrip Plan Discussed. SAFETY BOXES OPENED Insurance Men Will Meet Tuesday: Merchants Handicapped. Next move of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the national financial situation was being awaited by Indianapolis bankers this afternoon as all banks ceased operations in accord with the President’s i moratorium order. After meeting this morning to de- ! termine on a local course of action, { clearing house members adjourned | to await a statement by the Presij dent today or Tuesday clarifying his declaration of Sunday night. Business is being handicapped by the banking holiday, merchants finding themselves confronted with a flood of currency of large demoninatons and having a shortage of smaller change. Local bankers, at the clearing | house session, discussed issuance of j clearing house certificates in lieu of j cash, but delayed action because of I the uncertainty of what steps will be ! taken by the federal government. Expect National Scrip It was understood that several 1 local barks favored the plan of each 1 bank issung its own scrip in place !of clearing house certificates, but expected Roosevelt to order a national scrip. The President’s proclamation 'was interpreted to mean that the secretary of the treasury might grant individual banks the right to operate on a limited basis, if their state | of liquidity warranted, j Bankers here were watching prep- | arations being made in New York for issuance of some form of clearing house certificates. The only precedent for issuance of j such certificates was during the panic of 1907, when banks permitted withdrawal of $lO a day in the form , of scrip.

Safety Boxes Opened Chief Mike Morrissey announced today that until the banking situation is cleared up. two police officers will be detailed in each bank in the city to maintain order. Insurance men will meet Tuesday to determine methods of carrying on business during the bank holiday, Harry R. Wilson, vice-president of the American Central Life Insurance Company, said today. Wilson said they will discuss the possibility of a grace period being extended to holders of life insurance policies. Safety deposit boxes were opened by national banks during the morning. Indiana banks under state supervision were authorized by Luther Symons, state commissioner, to open safe deposit boxes and real estate and insurance departments Tuesday. Many of them were reported to have opened the safe depasit boxes before Symons’ order. They first were closed today when the bankers interpreted the President’s order that it covered all phases of banking business. The clearing house association members met Sunday night, a short time before the moratorium order was issued, and decided at that time not to ask Governor Paul V. McNutt to declare a state moratorium. The banks here had planned to open for business this morning. The clearing house is keeping in close touch with Washington events. Call for Holiday The Sunday meeting was attended by several state officials and a number of bankers from other Indiana cities. Most of the out-of-town bankers were insistent in their demands that the local clearing house bankers go on record asking McNutt to declare a three-day banking holiday in Indiana. Local bankers, feeling they were protected amply under the new state bank law. and that it would be better to keep the banks open (Turn to Page Two)

Where the firms were known, the hotels were lenient in extending credit, but a traveler who approached a hotel desk with luggage and asked for credt on lodging felt like a newlywed on his honeymoon trip. He was scrutinized and. if the clerk felt that he could pay cash was given a room, otherwise, he at the conclusion of his stay, he was compelled to follow the sporting world's basis of paying off and “lay it on the line.” Telegraph offices were busy handling messages for money requests in small amounts. The money order window at the postoffice looked like a Saturday bank line as business men used

Congress Will Get Plan to Meet Crisis

Il>l United Press WASHINGTON, March 6.—A three-fold emergency program to deal with the economic and banking crisis was revealed today by Democratic leaders. The program was _ outlined in general terms as follows: 1. Stop withdrawals from banks, already temporarily in effect through the national bank holiday. 2. Authorize the comptroller of the currency to compel banks to impound their good security as collateral and clearing house certificates or scrip. 3. Enactment of legislation that will insure the return of deposit to the banks.

BANKS PONDER SCRIP SYSTEM Issuance Might Be Made Against Funds Already Deposited. Possibility of supplying local scrip for use in place of funds held in banks under the four-day national moratorium was being discussed in banking circles today. Although awaiting word from Washington before making definite announcement, local financiers explained the various plans which might be used. The plans of national and local scrip were being considered. Under the plan adopted in Newcastle. Ind.. last week, banks there issued certificates of deposit in sl, $5 and $lO denominations up to 95 per cent of the funds in depositors’ accounts. The certificates were circulated throughout the town and accepted in lieu of currency by merchants. For example, a depositor with SIOO in a bank could obtain scrip totaling $95 in convenient denominations, with the bank deducting the amount from his account. Business proceeded as usual under the general acceptance of the certificates as currency. Local bankers could not predict the proportion in which scrip would be issued here, declaring that the ratio would have to be determined by agreement. Another plan suggested was to accept checks and exchange them in place of currency. Technicalities involving determination of validity of the checks, whether each receiver would have to indorse them, and payment of the federal tax on checks offered difficulties to this plan. Previous estimates that nearly ■ $2,000,000 in cash had been circulated in Indianapolis last week as employes were naid, caused sev(Ttirn to Page Two)

Woodin Maps Scrip Plan to Cover Whole Nation

B’l United Press WASHINGTON. March 6.—Secretary of Treasury Woodin said today that plans for a medium of exchange to meet all necessary demands were being worked out and would be in operation by Tuesday. “The first consideration is to meet pay rolls,” Woodin said. He explained that progress was being made to supply scrip or other forms of emergency currency and that a plan for operation under this system on a national basis would be completed by the end of the business day today. Woodin said that no federal clearing house certificates or scrip would be issued. That will be a matter for local issuance, he said, but the federal government will supervise it and provide a plan for its operation. “Rules and regulations for different parts of the country will be drafted by the treasury today,” Woodin said.

Uncle Sam in conducting their affairs. MR. HOOVER" still was on the job as far as the Lincoln was concerned, as A. S. Hoover, assistant manager of the hotel, was forced to hear witticisms on his name as customers pointed out a placard at the desk. Despite money conditions, the Soldiers and Sailors monument had its best Sunday of the month yesterday when it hoisted sixty-one persons for 510.05, to the monument's top to obtain a birdseye view of the city. “No one so far today." said A. M. King, assistant cashier. The possibility of “scrip" or the use of clearing grouse certificates

Entered as >ecoiid Class Matter at Postofiire. Indianapolis

Congress, Cabinet Members, and Governors Rally Behind President, With Confidence Growing for Quick Solution. EMBARGO PLACED OX GOLD EXPORT i Emergency Currency Will Be Issued in Certificate Form; Postal Savings Business Continues in Capital. The nation’s banking activities were at a standstill today. President Roosevelt’s proclamation forbiddingbanking: institutions to pay out gold or any other form of currency was followed by efforts to provide a uniform emergency medium of circulation. Credit extensions were arranged so that business might be carried on. The treasury announced that no gold would be paid out on government checks or gold certificates. The Indianapolis Clearing House is awaiting furi ther word from Washington before acting on emergency medium of exchange. State senate passes hill allowing counties to issue scrip for paying salaries or bills. Safety deposit boxes available to owners Tuesday, by order of Commissioner Luther F. Symons. A special session of congress will convene Thursday. Leaders are drafting emergency bank legislation to be jammed through-as quickly as possible. The four-day national bank holiday is scheduled to end at midnight Thursday. Postal savings division at Washington was doing business, paying withdrawals and accepting deposits, “until we hear differently.” There were no stock or commodity exchange transactions. The British pound rose sharply in European foreign exchange trading. The Chicago Livestock Exchange, market center of the world for cattle, sheep and hogs, will close Tuesday for an indefinite period, the directors decided today. BY RAYMOND CLAPPER United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, March 6.—The entire nation went on a four-day modified bank holiday today.

President Roosevelt, by an unprecedented midnight proclamation, forbade banks to pay out gold, silver or other currency. In effect, an embargo was placed on export of gold. Preparations were made to permit banks to issue emergency currency in the form of clearing house certificates. These will supplement regular currency so business can carry on and people can buy groceries and other necessities. Congress was summoned to meet in extra session at noon Thursday. It is hoped emergency legislation

"Under the proclamation issued late Sunday night by President Roosevelt, I have unlimited powers,” Woodin said. “These powers are the salvation of the proclamation.” Woodin pointed out that federal supervision of clearing house certificates and other mediums of exchange by local communities would make the issuance legal. He pointed out that certificates issued in 1907 were without authority and therefore illegal. The secretary expressed a belief that scrip or clearing house certificates issued in one city would be acceptable in others. Asked if postal savings accounts could be drawn on, Woodin smilingly replied: “Os course they will.” He said that the treasury would continue to cash government checks and make change. Woodin said he hoped to have more complete details and possibly formal rules and regulations adopted to present at 4 p. m. today.

for money was met by restaurant men and stores with, “It's all right with us. Just anything so things can carry on. Things will clear up now.” The shopper stayed abed today. Protective measures against shoplifting were taken by one store through the introduction of a larger number of floor-walkers, but they had little work. Churches of the city reported “fair collections” at Sunday services. Guarding cash reserves and adopting a “watchful waiting” policy is as true of the clerks as of the men who hire them, because Monday became “Change Day" instead of “Exchange day” in the downtown area, y

HOME _ EDITION PRICE TWO CENTS Outside Marion County, 3 Cents

will be rushed through before the modified holiday expires at midnight Thursday night. President Roosevelt’s proclamation allows Secretary of Treasury William H. Woodin within his discretion to permit exceptionally liquid banks to resume normal operations. It also permits him to authorize banks to accept new trust accounts, in which funds deposited during the holiday would be subject to withdrawal on demand and without restrictions or limitation. Mr. Roosevplt acted under power granted by the war-time trading with the enemy act. "The United States is not off the gold standard.” said Secretary Woodin orally, shortly after the midnight proclamation was issued. Confident of Recovery "This is the start of the real thing. I think we're on the bottom and will not go lower. If people have confidence in the great leader in the White House, the country will get out of these difficulties quite readily.” Treasury officials sent Woodin home shortly after midnight to get a few hours sleep while they worked through the night drafting the detailed regulations for applying this drastic emergency regime. These were to be announced as soon as they were apnroved. President Roosevelt regards his action as a protective step to give the exhausted banking structure a breathing spell while congress fashions emergency legislation to carry through the crisis. He is attempting to do three things: 1. Stop bank runs and the drain of gold. 2. Provide emergency money in the form of clearing house certificates which will enable individuals to transact their normal business. Certificates to Be Issued 3. Permit resumption of actual use

of regular currency by allowing exceptionally liquid banks to resume normal banking after obtaining j special permission, and by also allowing banks to accept new’ deposits which may be withdrawn on demand without restrictions. Under direction of their respective federal reserve district authorities, banks shortly will begin issuing clearing house certificates. These will be in small denominations. It was explained by officials that business houses would find it to their own interests to accept the certificates the same as regular currency. Virtual national uniformity in the certificates will be obtained through federal reserve supervision, although the clearing house of each locality will issue its own emergency money. Isolated banks not members of clearing houses will deal with their own federal reserve officials. Meantime, house and senate leaders began conferences today to draft i legislation and set the machinery for (Turn to Page Two)