Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 247, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 February 1933 — Page 14

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Give Light and the People Will f ind Their Oven H'ay

THURSDAY, FEB. 23. 1933

FAIRNESS IN TAXATION Behind the demand of the Chamber of Commerce for taxation of income-pi oducing property held by churches, colleges and fraternal orders is an injustice which justifies the remedy sought. In theory, exemption from taxation of property given to these social organizations encourages gifts for public purposes. In effect, it works to the disadvantage of the other taxpayers. This exemption has furnished a means whereby taxes can be avoided and income still retained. Property has been donated to institutions, but the Income retained during the life time of the donors and sometimes carried on through payments to heirs. the low, the property at the time of the transfer immediately leaves the tax rolls. The result is that adjoining and competitive property pays the tax for both. The chamber has called attention to two adjacent houses in this city. One has been given to a university, with the provision that the university pay to the donor an annuity for his life term. The other is privately owned. But when the depression came, the tax-exempt apartment was able to reduce its rentals. It is filled. The other, compelled to pay high taxes, goes tcnantless. The universities perform most valuable services to the public. They reuuce the cost of education which would otherwise be necessary from public funds. If the entire income from property went for these social purposes, there would be reason for exemption. But when donations are made on a basis of annuities, the reason fails. The gift is but partial at the best. If all property, tangible and intangible, were on the lists, there would be no frantic demands for new

forms of taxation. THE ROOSEVELT CABINET Mr. Roosevelt seems to have named a competent cabinet to aid him in the arduous years ahead. It is one that will have the respect of the :ountry, as well as the country’s best wishes, at the outset. Its success will depend on the men themselves and on circumstances as unpredictable as any similar set of men ever faced. We are not among those who go in for the parlor sport of cabinet picking. It has seemed to us that the usual amateur cabinet list of prima donnas would wreck our government; that the only real test —granting their honesty—is whether a President thinks he can work well with the given group. Just because under our system of government the cabinet is responsible to the President, his “family,” rather than responsible heads of the government, as under the parliamentary system, the theoretic test of a cabinet’s caliber is almost valueless. That is particularly true in this time of national emergency. On the executive side, our Constitution provides one-man government. In a crisis the President tends to become the entire government. Leadership and action, as in war time, require virtual voluntary dictatorship—whether we like it or not, and regardless of how we sugar coat the pill. Franklin D. Roosevelt is expected to give orders. The only practical test of the cabinet officers is whether they can carry out those orders intelligently and efficiently. Mr. Roosevelt is best able to judge of that. The outstanding individual among Mr. Roosevelt’s selections is Senator Thomas Walsh, prospective at-torney-general, the one member who on his public performance to date might be considered of presidential caliber. The others, despite an average age of 60 years, for the most part have their national reputations yet to make. Mr. Roosevelt obviously had a clear purpose in making each choice. A lifetime of unswerving opposition to high tariffs, for example, unquestionably explains the naming of Cordell Hull. It indicates the purpose of the President-elect to yet at the root of such bad international relations as can be attributed to our own government policies. Undoing the damage that our tariffs have done calls for a tariff expert and senator Hull is that. The list generally agreed upon today contains some progressives and some conservatives. Asa whole, there is every reason to believe that Mr. Roosevelt will find it a good working team for his leadership. “OLD COUNSELOR” Two striking and disquieting things emerge from the testimony of Harold L. Stuart, president of the investment house of Halsey, Stuart & Cos., before the senate banking and currency committee investigating the ill-starred Insull finances. First is the readiness of radio broadcasting companies to permit the broadcasting of apparently uncensored “financial advice,” which is nothing more or less than the advertising of investment concerns. * • * “Old Counselor,” who gave financial advice during the Halsey-Stuart radio hour, was, according to the testimony, a University of Chicago professor who received SSO a week from Halsey-Stewart for broadcasting material prepared in the investment firm's office. And it was the president of the National Broadcasting Company, Mr. Stuart testified, who originally suggested the investment broadcast which Halsey. Stuart & Cos. sponsored. How a university professor could lend himself to this kind of thing or a university allow it, is one question. But, much more serious, we think, is the responsibility of a great broadcasting company for not only allowing, but soliciting it. Senator Reynolds of North Carolina said to Mr. Stuart at the hearing; “Every time the Old Counselor, with his mellow voice, talked to the folks at the fireside he mentioned your company. And he did this to sell Insull securities.” Mr. Stuart would not admit that the “Old Counselor” recommended any particular securities. But there is no shadow of doubt as to the very special interest of Halsey-Stuart in selling Insull securities, from one deal in which the investment house stood to make a profit—on paper—of some $36,000,000. Also, Attorney Pecora put into the record i letter from one <4 the firm's customers wto last

August asked: "For sake, is there any Issue that Halsey-Stuart sold me that is not going into default?" • • • This leads to the second serious disclosures in the Stuart testimony—the practice by which investment companies sell to the public securities in which they are interested, without revealing that interest. Mr. Stuart told the senate committee that, in hia opinion, banking houses should declare their own Interest In securities they sell, but he said this was not customary at the time the Insull securities were being marketed. It was anything but customary. Nor is it the rule now. • • * Heavy concealed profits for investment houses in securities they recommend to investors from supposedly fair, impartial standpoints of appraisal; ‘‘Old Counselors” to broadcast the virtues of these investment houses, which broadcasts the investment houses wTite themselves; banks, like the First National Bank of Chicago, that violate the spirit of the law by lending to ,a great utility group many millions of iollars more than they legally could lend to a single borrower—all these begin to stand out already as lessons and warnings from the Insull smash. They point, we think, to stable doors that need locking before more horses are lost, and before more "Old Counselors” with mellow, confidence inspiring voices are turned loose on the radio to "advise” and shepherd American investors. PETTY LOAN RATES The suggestion that the fixing of interest on small loans be placed in the hands of the new financial board, with power to change them with conditions, has merit. For years the loan interests, through powerful lobbies and participation in politics, have been able to defeat any effort to change the 42 per cent a year limit. The senate has passed a measure to cut the rate to 30 per cent a year. But in the house comes the proposal to have a variable rate according to the amount and the prevalent financial conditions. There is justice in the claim that the rate on small amounts should be higher than on loans of S3OO, the limit under the law. The cost of collection is the same on both. Whether the plan will work to the advantage of the companies or of the borrowers will depend upon the appointments to the financial board. If the Governor selects men who are free from any alliances, political or otherwise, with these interests, the borrower will benefit. That the rates are too high is evidenced by the fact that many of the loan companies in recent months have reduced their rates and that lower rates do prevail in other states. The judgment of the commission, based upon investigation of the facts and of conditions, is quite as likely to be as just to all concerned as a definite rate written into the law. At least, it is worth a trial. CHILDREN VS. ADULTS "Out of the depression must come the freedom of the child,” Colonel William J. Donovan said a few months ago, and now definite hope that his prophecy may be fulfilled seems justified. The Oregon legislature has ratified the child labor amendment to the Constitution and other legislatures are debating similar action. The plight of more than two million children working in mines, in factories, fields, trade and domestic service failed to move a complacent nation, but bitter economic reality is succeeding. Pity and indignation were not enough to free these children and give them the equal chance to health and education which theoretically belongs to them, but now adults need their jobs, and there Is a chance that those who have been indifferent or hostile may see the matter in anew light. Economic law can free these children only if iflan-made law is provided to fortify it, for the last census showed that actual increases in child labor took place in some states and in some occupations after the start of the depression, even though the whole number of children was smaller than at the 1920 census. In Georgia and South Carolina, where working hours for children are longest, the last census showed 13.5 per cent more children tinder 16 years of age in manufacturing and mechanical industries. And business men eager to cut costs were hiring more children for delivery boys, canvassers, and for work in fertilizer factories and on turpentine farms. These children would not have been working if their parents had been able to support them. And because they were working, their parents could not do so. The country is learning today that none of its citizens or institutions can prosper when men have no work, and that there is not enough work for all if children and adults compete.

Just Plain Sense ■ - BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON _ , IF there is anything sweeter than a clean baby, it is a dirty baby. For this reason it is fun to get into the country, where you can see so many children grubbing into the earth, making mud pies, building sand houses, sitting flat in the dust. And somehow they appear far more natural and happy than the well-scrubbed, spick and span youngsters in the rich apartment house districts. ' The child who misses the experience of digging into the sod with his hands and of wallowing about on the leaves and grass, misses just about the blessedest thing that happens to a mortal during his life span. For we have a fundamental kinship with earth that is not to be ignored lightly. And how children do love being mussed and dirty! “But, Mother,” protested our 9-year-old the other day, “what’s the use of washing my hands noj? They'll just get dirty again.” a a a TITS point was well taken. For his sticky little hands which make so many dark marks upon the white woodwork and maybe carry about whole regiments of germs, after all, the hands of a very busy, very healthy, and very happy little boy. So why should a mother distress herself about such inconsequentials? Yet it seems to be the nature of mothers—who at best are slaves to convention—constantly to be interrupting a child's absorbing play with interminable admonitions. We all make and then break good resolutions, which the psychologists say is bad for our morals. We can’t seem to realize that the babies do not worship the traditions of polite society as we do —and because of that are freer and better individuals than ourselves. * We forget that every minute of every day is filled with new and exciting adventures in living, and that they do not have time enough to find out all the curious things they are greedy to know.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

The Handwriting on the Wall

It Seems to Me .... by Heywood Broun

ONE has to be a president or a prime minister at least to get away gracefully with that familiar attitude of condescending to “a good detective story." Most of us are willing to permit the great one his moments of relaxation with “The Mystery of the Onion Soup Murder.” When a man has sat up through weary weeks with a budget, we do not object if he wcos sleep by trying to ascertain just w r ho it was shot the poisoned arrow down the dumbwaiter shaft. But the rest of us are subject to a certain self-criticism. It may even come from the outside. There is a growing school of critics who contend that life is real and earnest and that fiction should be the same. And yet not all the troubles of the world rest upon the backs of presidents and prime ministers. We, too, have budgets to balance. The literature of escape deserves a permanent place in all the civilizations known to man or even potentionally possible. a a a When It Is Written I HOPE to be sensitive enough to recognize the great proletarian novel when it comes along, and I trust that our literature never will be confined wholly to American tragedies, with no representation ot American comedy and American farce. Unlike the mighty ones of the earth, I have had comparatively little solace with the “good detective stories." There are only a few which seem to me to fall into this classification. After one has gone through “The Compete Sherlock Holmes” a dozen times, he will look long to find any satisfactory substitute. As far as I’m concerned, Poe is merely a mug compared to Conan Doyle in the mystery field. Nor am I at all sure that even such a grewsome tale as “The Speckled Band” is precisely the prescription for any whose temples throb or for those who lie awake beset with conscience pangs. It may be that the best escape does not lie in the assurance that life may be full of fearful excitement and mystery. A detective story is not much good to you unless it is taken with utter seriousness, and in that case there is the possibility of nightmare visitations involving long arms with daggers pepping over transoms. There should be, of course, a monument reared to name and fame of P. G. Wodehouse, and the subscriptions should come from those whose afflictions have been eased by the adventures of some one of his English heroes of noble birth and somewhat less exalted brain. But, although Wodehouse is prolific, even his works hardly will last the Individual all the way through the troubles which are to be encountered in this vale of tears. I have another favorite, and he happens to be a local boy. In addition to aspirin I am going to put into the medicine chest

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE = Food Values of Fruits Differ

THERE is a tendency on the part of many people to take it for granted that all the members of various species of fruits and vegetables are equally rich in certain food values. This is, of course, more true than the opposite belief which would accredit to any single fruit or vegetable virtues well nigh magical in character because of some special food content. Thus, spinach has been overstressed as a source of vitamins and minerals, whereas other vegetables have been neglected. Actually, most vegetables provide certain food values for winch they are desirable. I: is well recognized that the citrus fruits are an excellent source of vitamin C, but this vitamin also is found largely in tomato juice and in most of the fresh fruits. a a a MISS E. P. DANIEL and Miss Hazel E. Munseil, chemists in the bureau of home economics of

"Friends of Mr. Sweeney,” “Til Show the Town” and “White Pants Willie,” by Elmer Davis. I wish somebody in every country would establish a yearly prize for the best light novel of the year. We are suffering greatly from underproduction. tt a tt Casting Aside Motley EVEN the men who are capable of well-paced stories in the farce-comedy vein betray us upon occasion. They, too, have compunctions and want to play Hamlet. Every four or five years each one of them brings out a book written in deadly earnest. As far as I can remember, Wodehouse so far has abstained, but I fear that he will not avoid forever the temptation of showing his public his serious side. A full-bodied novel is a beautiful thing. It may engross your attention, scarify your soul or even move you to the resolution to be a better boy. And I’m all for that. There is, of course, the need for each of us to look at life directly even though we are frozen into stone, like those who gazed upon the gorgon’s head. Yet sometimes I think we should be permitted now and then to turn away and see life through a glass lightly. The trouble with a great book is that it has within its plot and characterization the elements of universality. There is sure to be at least some portion in which a page points precisely in your own direction. The bitter woe of some

Every Day Religion

BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON

ONE day, years ago, it was my sad duty to go and say a prayer at the grave of a human wreck who died by his own hand. Through the avenues of a great city of the dead we rode, four blue-coated policemen and myself, to the far corner where we laid our burden down with a prayer to One who knoweth all. Nearby, in the weeds, one of the bluecoats found the grave of a baby and beckoned us to see it. The earth still was fresh over the little sleeper, and at the head of the grave the mother had set out a sprig of “live-forever,” as it is called. Those big burly men gathered about the tiny grave and looked down. Not a word was uttered, but every eye was soft and dreamy when we turned away. Something had touched us deeply, something more than the pathos of a babe bom in a city slum to sleep in the potter’s field. No logic, no learning prompted that mother to plant a flower at the grave of her babe. Her act was as artless as it was lovely, Done at the bidding of her heart, following the faith of her race. ana THIS is the account which life gives of itself, when it is untutored and unspoiled. For me it means much. All our arguments rest at last upon something deeper

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia, the Health Magazine. the United States department of agriculture, recently have reported the results of an investigation which they made of the vitamin content of Concord grapes. Their studies seem to show that the pulp and juice portion of the Concord grape is a poor source of vitamin A. poorer even than the Sultana and Malaga grapes (previously studied) which also contained but small amounts of this vitamin. Moreover, the edible portion of Concord grapes contains very small but detectable amounts of vitamin B, whereas the Malaga and Sultana grapes are fair sources of this vitamin. The latter two varieties also contain small amounts of vitamin C, whereas large amounts of Concord were unable to protect guihea pigs cm a vitamin C-free diet against scurvy.

character or other becomes your very own. When a reader embraces a masterpiece, he must be prepared to play the role of the Spartan boy with the fox. Bearing Heat of Day AND so I could wish for a greater recognition of the uncommon skill and even genius required for the composition of a goqd light novel. These are not works produced by those who stoop a little. The anguishes of authorship in the comedy field are just as great as thore who afflict the brain and body of such as go down in mean streets for material. It is traditional that humorists are among the must cantankerous of companion.'. Once I visited the home town of an author, now dead, who in his day had rocked a considerable portion of the continent with his whimsies. I said to a neighbor, "Mr. 3. must have been a most charming person because his amiability shines out from every page.” "He beat his wife and his three children,” replied the man who knew him. “Nobody around here would play golf with him because he always cheated in his score, and he swore frightfully over the bridge table.” I was surprised, though I should not have been. Such things are all but inevitable. A humorist is a strange man who is blasted for the afflictions of the people. (Copyright. 1933. by The Times)

than intuitions of the soul, and if they are invalid we are dreamers walking in a dream. That mother was wise beyond her knowing, and her simple faith has helped me more than all the philosophers. She believed what her own heart taught her. At Newport News, after the Civil war, Longfellow found a nameless grave with the inscription: “A Union Soldier. Mustered Out.” That was all, and the poet added: “Here w'as a man who gave his all, his life, his name, that the Union might live.” Man. dying for an ideal and a future his eyes will not see, proves his eternal life, prophesies his destiny. Let us believe in life, knowing in part, at least, its possibilities and to what fine issues it ascends. That in man which faces death and defies it for the sake of an ideal, attests our victory over death! (Copyright, 1933. by United Features Syndicate, Inc.) Daily Thought For thus saith the Lord God; Behold, I will both search my sheep, and seek them out.—Ezekiel 34:11. MAN can not choose his duties. George Eliot.

IT thus is apparent that the Concord grape, from the point of view of food value, is poorer in vitamins than either the Malaga or Sultana grapes. The investigators point out that a considerable amount of the vitamin is to be found in the skins of the Malaga and Sultana grapes, whereas the skins of Concord grapes usually are discarded. The grape has, of course, other factors which make it a useful item in the diet. The use of grapes as a basis for wine is entirely without merit. They contain fruit acids which have as an end result an alkaline effect on the body. Their carbohydrate value enables them to furnish energy and they also provide fair quantities of calcium and magnesium and good quantities of iron. If the skin of the-white grape is taken, it serves also as a source of roughage,

M.E. Tracy Says:

TALK WILL SOT STOP HAR

JAPANESE delegates at Geneva gave out the following statement last Thursday: “The Japanese government can not conceal its apprehension that an unrealistic and theoretical decision taken by the committee of nineteen would make extremely difficult the task of restoring peace and tranquillity in the far east, since such course can not fail to have serious repercussions on the general situation in that part of the world.”

In simple language, Japanese delegates are telling the League of Nations and the world that this idea of applying western concepts and principles to the Manchurian problem is all wrong and if carried out only will add to the discontent and unrest now prevailing. More than that, they are saying as plainly as diplomatic language permits, that the Japanese government will not agree to any such policy. On the very same day that the above statement was issued at Geneva, Japanese and Manchurian troops began a southward march from Mukden—so,ooo strong—with the ablest officers available in command and with every scrap of modem equipment that could be mobilized. . tt tt M Japanese Victory Held Certain THE objective of this movement is Jehol, where 150.000 loosely organized Chinese have been summoned to defend the borders of their country against further invasion. The impending battle promises to eclipse anything that has occurred since hostilities broke out some eighteen months ago. Japanese authorities entertain no doubt that they will be able to drive the Chinese back and take possession of Jehol within a month or six weeks. While accepting Japanese victory as a foregone conclusion, independent observers are inclined to believe that it may take somewhat longer. Outside of a few Chinese blinded by zeal, no one in the whole wide world believes that anything except the intervention of other nations can stop Japan. The Manchurian situation stands forth as a vivid illustration of the importance of talk to maintain peace, not only because of the way it has been brought about, but because of the way it promises to end. The thought that humanity can create anew order merely by offering good advice has been exploded definitely. tt tt tt Idealists Are Pursuing a Rainbow OUR idealists merely are chasing a rainbow when they suppose that a world trained to war for 10,000 years can be persuaded to take orders from any kind of a council which lacks physical power to back them up. The fact that Japan refuses to employ the word “war” is but a minor phase of the hypocritical optimism with which humanity is trying to deceive itself. We are not going to make nations behave decently, fulfill their obligations, or respect the rights of others, as prescribed by a code, without the establishment of an international police body, any more than we could hope to maintain peace in a small village without constables to support the local court. The assumption that things can be done on a grand scale with less authority and sacrifice than they can be done on a small scale merely suggests lack of logic.

SCIENCE —=T Alcohol Is ‘Vital Fluid’ ... BY DAVID DIETZ . j

THE importance of grain alcohol to the bootleg industry is well known. But it is doubtful if the importance of this liquid to legitimate industry in general is as well apreciated. It has been said that sulphuric acid is so important to. the industrial world that the Machine Age well might be called the Age of Sulphuric Acid. But in the importance and variety of its uses, alcohol is exceeded only by sulphuric acid and caustic soda. Alcohol Is used in manufacture of varnishes, lacquers, shellacs, enamels, celluloid. foodstuffs, drugs, medicines, dyestuffs and artificial silk. It is employed in the printing and photographic industries and many others. The great uses for alcohol grow out of its utility as a solvent. A solvent is a liquid which will form a uniform fluid mixture with some other substance. Water is the best known and most common solvent. Everyone is familiar with ordinary sugar or salt solutions. Most chemical processes go on best in solutions and so the beginning of most chemical man-

Questions and Answers Q—Did Indiana ratify the lame duck amendment. A—Yes. Q —ls property is sold for Barrett assessments, how much time is allowed to redeem it? A —Two years. There will be no sale of property for any kind of tax in Marion county in 1933. Q—ls President-elect Roosevelt had been assassinated, who would have been our next President? A —Vice-President-Elect John N. Garner would have been inaugurated as President. Q—ls Bill Cumn-'ngs, the Indianapolis race driver, dead? A—No. Q —Give the source of the quotation: “A fool and his money are soon parted.” A—lt is attributed to George Buchanan, tutor of James VI of Scotland, who made the statement to a courtier, after winning a bet as to which one could make the coarser verse. q —How many Negroes are there in the United States navy? Are any of them commissioned officers? A—There are 465 Negroes in the navy at the present time. None is a commissioned officer. Q—What is the airline distance between Panama and Miami? A—About 1,116 statute miles. Q —How f much did it cost to build St. Peter's church in Rome? ; A—The cost, including the I seventeenth century additions, was about forty-eight million dollars. Q— Why did the United States adopt the smaller-sized paper currency? A—For convenience and economy. "q— What is the heaviest substance? A—Osmium, a metal, which weighs twenty-two and a half times as much as an equal volume of water. q—How old is Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, widow of the former President of the United States. A.—She is 74. Q—Who was John Barrymore's leading woman in “Moby Dick?” A—Joan Bennett. Q_Which article of food is mentioned most frequently in the Bible? A—Bread, but the word frequently is used to refer to food in general.

FEB. 23, 1933

* TRACY

ufacturing processes is the making of a solution. * Next to water, alcohol is the most useful liquid for the creation of solutions. a a Paint Industry THE paint and varnish industry employs alcohol coming and going- Alcohol is the base of most varnishes, lacquers, and enamels. It is also the principal ingredient of most paint and varnish removers. As the sale of paint increases, so does the sale of paint removers. And, as a result, the demand for commercial alcohol receives a double impetus. Among the newest wood lacquers are quick-drying ones which can be shot on to furniture with airpressure guns. These lacquers dry almost immediately and many of them furnish a brilliant finish without the necessity of rubbing or polishing. Another important use of alcohol is in the manufaoture of pyroxylin. This is a plastic substance made of nitrocellulose or guncotton and goes by many trade names, among the most familiar of which is celluloid. Buttons, billiard balls, combs, vanity boxes, salt cellars, napkin rings, children’s toys and a great variety of products are made today from pyroxylin. Alcohol is required as a solvent in the manufacture of artificial silk. It also is used in manufacturing many dyes. Thus, alcohol may play a double role in the manufacture of many articles of clothing, taking part In the manufacture of the silk and in the subsequent coloring of the silk. a a a In War Time ALCOHOL has its W’ar-time uses as well as its peace-time uses. It takes about a ban-el of alcohol to construct a 12-inch shell. As chemists have observed, every alcohol plant is a potential munitions plant. The modern explosives, smokeless powder, cordite, and TNT, all require alcohol for their manufacture. Alcohol also is required for manufacture of the fulminates in the percussion caps of shells. It also is the basis for the manufacture of most poison gases, particularly mustard gas and tear gas. It has been estimated that at the close of the World war 60 per cent of the shells first contained some form of poison gas. It is usual to think of the waging of war as depending upon a supply of steel. But alcohol is as necessary for war as steel.

So They Say

I know nothing whatever about politics.—Newton D. Baker, former secretary of warMan loves vengeance and he calls vengeance justice.—Clarence Darrow, famed Chicago attorney and foe of capital punishment. In his middle 60's a man has a right to be a Narcissus, and look back into his life and preen himself.—William Allen White, Emporia (Kan.) editor on his 65th birthday. People arc tired of salacious pictures and although they may not be in a mood for my sentimental tomboy pictures of prewar days, they are keen on the wholesome, clean kind. Mary Pickford, screen actress. Everyone has to bluff sooner or later in life and college is a good place to learn how to do it.—Professor E. H. Ebey, University of Washington.