Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 243, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 February 1933 — Page 4

PAGE 4

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPFS-HOWAHD NEWSPAPER) ROY W. HOWARD President BOYD GDRLEI Editor EARL D. BAKER Business Manager

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Gtw Huht and iht People Will Find Their Otcn Wav

_ SATURDAY. FEB 18, 1933. JUST AS INSURANCE Citizens who have the best interests of the city at heart might well take out some insurance against the politicians of both parties by launching an independent ticket in advance of the primaries. The law does not favor independent candidacies. They are barred after the primary. But they can be filed in advance. The city is on record by a vote of six to one in favor of nonpartisan city government. The people voted for that when they tried to get the city manager form. Only by luck, the city fell into the capable hands of Reginald Sullivan. Had the politicians of his party made the selection, the mayor would have been an entirely different person. Politicians see in government the chance to distribute jobs and keep up their organization. The party always comes before the welfare of the city. Within a few weeks, the primaries will be held, unless the legislature decides on repealing the law; theoretically for economy, but in reality to turn the nominations over to the party machines. The list of probabilities in both parties up to date Is not inspiring. Candor would suggest that there •re other citizens who would serve better. The mayor will be important during the next four I years. In addition to the growing problem of unemployment. a problem that requires careful consideration and treatment, the utility question will be urgent. The taking over of the gas company, while in the hands of the utility district, will be influenced to a great degree by the attitude of the mayor. He will ha\e much to say about the policy of its operation. Other utility service will need public attention while law enforcement, important in depressions, should hot be left to hands that might be complacent toward violators. Above all, taxation will be of real import to the owners of real estate. Partisan political rule generally means waste and extravagance. Political debts must be paid. Political workers become office idlers. Some outstanding citizen should be drafted for the job. at least as a threat to the politicians. The leaders in the city manager movement should get busy. Perhaps one or both parties would accept their suggestions. If they did not, an independent campaign, in the event of unhappy partisan nominations, might save the city from many troubles. PENALIZING PROGRESS Under the pending measure to change the utility laws, progressive cities which own their own electric, gas or water plants are to be penalized. The law would place these publicly-owned utilities on the tax rolls for all taxation except city levies. They will be compelled to pay state and county taxes. Tho purpose, of course, is plain. It is to protect the privately owned utilities from comparisons and discourage the movement toward public ownership. It fits well into the plans of the utilities who show a suspicious inactivity. If publicly owned utilities are to be taxed, why not go the limit and put all public property on the tax rolls? Why not put the sewers on the rolls? Some cities have disposal plans. Others have none. Why discriminate? For that matter if there be a general disposition to penalize progress, why not put city halls and auditoriums, community houses, even court houses under taxation? Aside from the real danger that courts will declare the whole measure Invalid because of this endeavor to tax publicly-owned property, which Idea may lurk in the minds of the utility lawyers, the thing is wrong in principle. Any community showing progress should be encouraged, not handcuffed. THE LEAGUE LIVES If the League of Nations has been dead, it is alive again. No better answer could be made by the league to its many critics than the report of the committee of nineteen upholding the peace treaties against Japan. Since all the large powers are represented on that committee, and since virtually all the smaller league nations have been urging the policy for more than a year, ratification of the report by the full league assembly next week is considered certain. So far as we can recall, this is the first major case in which the League of Nations or any other international political organization has had the honesty and courage to apply its rule and professions to a world power. Despite elaborate rules and pledges of one kind and another, the large powers have managed, by delays and evasions and diplomatic trades, to carry on their imperialisms in violation of treaties and covenants. Taking only two notorious examples, the years of hypocritical stalling by league disarmament conferences and the league's failure since September, 1931, to cite Japan for treaty violation have demonstrated the capacity of Great Britain and France to make a mockery of the league. Now that there seems to have been a sudden reversal of policy, we need not be too critical of the immediate causes. It is true that American and Russian policy in favor of the sanctity of treaties rapidly was making the league's tactics Untenable. It is true that the alarming emergence of HitlerHohenzollern power in Germany helped to frighten France and Britain as to the need of keeping treaties •live. It is true that the great powers had misused the league for their short-sighted purposes so long, and had shattered so much faith in its efficacy. that the league rapidly was losing all value, even as a screen for their domination of world affairs. But if the European powers have discovered belatedly that it is to their best interests in the long run to maintain a real rather than a fake league, we should not complain at their intelligence. Nations are expected to act in self-interest. The folly of Great Britain and France in their original support of Japanese treaty-breaking was precisely in their failure to see that they were digging their own graves. With all its faults and weaknesses. th world

peace machinery resting on the league covenant and the Kellogg anti-war pact is about the only thing that stand* between the world and another general war. There are far more war causes and dynamite dumps in the world now than in 1914. The wars now flaming in the far east and in Latin America, the war preparations in Europe, may at any time get out of bounds. If there is another world war we do not know all that will happen. But we know some of the things that will. The present system, under which Great Britain and France are masters of much of the world, will be wiped out. Therefore, the present apparent effort of Great Britain and France to save the world's peace machinery is not surprising. On the contrary, the unsolved mystery—unless the explanation is just stupidity—is why the European powers waited for almost a year and a half to protect their large interests in treaty preservation while Russia and the United States stood alone for peace. “NICETY OF DETAILS” The job of defending the third degree usually falls to the brutal and lazy policeman who uses it, in lieu of evidence, to wring confessions from the accused. In Pennsylvania, recently, a judge defended the practice, and thereupon had himself reversed by the state supreme court. "In the procuring of confessions sometimes the nicety of details must be governed by the necessity of circumstances," said Judge McDevit. in charging a Philadelphia jury that tried and convicted young William Brown, who confessed under police torture to killing an 8-year-old girl. “This is error," ruled Judge Maxey. in granting Brown anew trial. "No principle of law .is settled better than that confessions secured by brutality or by any other form of duress are vitiated.” Os course, the young Negro's confession was useless as evidence. He told of threats of mobbing, a super-heated room, blackjacks, curses, hunger, thirst, other customary persuasive arguments that come under the trial judge’s term, “nicety of details." He would have been executed but for Justice Maxey’s reversal on his showing of a forced confession. On this widespread American practice the Wickersham commission reported: “To defend the third degree is to advocate lawlessness—often flagrant and habitual—committed by those specially charged with enforcement of the law." Confessions wrung through torture are not admissions of human guilt, but admissions of human terror and despair. William the Third once tried the thumbscrews on his own thumbs. He admitted that another turn would make him confess anything. Cities anxious to abolish this survival of the Inquisition could copy Detroit. By order of that city’s police commissioner, every arrested person is brought first before a judge for questioning. If he confesses he is taken at once to a hospital for medical examination to determine whether he has been subjected to physical abuse. Why can not this simple practice be adopted universally? Now that a 912-pound hog has been given starrating in a movie, maybe more film tests and less fertilizer will improve the farmer's plight, If there’s anything in that old saying about shirt-sleeves to shirt-sleeves in three generations,” our children are going to have to enjoy prosperity as best they can with their coats on. More folks probably would buy new automobiles if the dime stores would announce flatly that they won't handle ’em. One big reason why we hear so few contradictions of the theory that the fittest survive is that the dead never have much to say, Actions still speak plainer than words—the talkies notwithstanding. It s too bad that we had to wait for an inflation argument to start that hue and cry for congress to “keep hands off .the currency.” Some of the major league baseball clubs plan secret practice at the spring training camps. Some one must have stolen their home run signals. Credit, they say, is better than ready money. It ought to be. It’s even harder to get.

Just Plain Sense ii- BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON j

TT'S the hardest thing in the world for a woman to X trust her own convictions. This is natural. We have been steeped in the traditions of male superiority for so long that we have lost confidence, not in our ability to perform, but in our capacity to think. That's one thing the matter with the world. Very few masc ;line leaders have any ideals left. Those they profess they have no faith in. And they will not admit, chat feminine opinions are worth anything. So it’s easy to see that unless we women build up some confidence in ourselves, the whole kit and caboodle of us will be in the middle of a very bad fix. Faith will have died in America. Now I'm not saying that we know any more than the men, or half as much, for that matter. But I do say that we believe in certain ideals which men have discarded, at least so far as applying them in business and government is concerned. TTERETOFORE we have tried to force ourselves to •IX think as men think, because we were told that their brains were superior to ours. Well, their brains may be, but from the look of things right now. unless they can put their mental powers to better uses, the masculine cerebral power won't be much of a help. Indeed, the time has come when women must begin to believe a little in themselves, in their ideals of decency and justice and honor—to feel again confidence in the standards that through so many crises have kept homes intact and truth and love and goodness alive upon the earth. To do this, we first have to accomplish the colossal task of understanding a plain fact. Men can be wrong. Some of our idols have toppled. We have glimpsed the clay feet of our great male gods. Why. then, would it be foolish to assume that where ruthless masculinism has failed so deplorably, softer, gentler, more charitable tactics might not succeed? Today mankind everywhere faces the dawn of a new era. It comes. Nothing can retard the march of its sure arrival. And whether we live under democracies or dictatorships, anew set of values will exist. Human values, living beings, rather than dead dollars, will become the chief concern of governments. And when that happens, feminine ethics and idealism will have triumphed.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Cutting Doicn the Overhead!

It Seems to Me .... by Heywood Broun

HERBERT HOOVER’S farewell address, or. if you like, his Lincoln's birthday speech, is one of the most curious documents which ever came from the mind of a most puzzling President. I suppose few of our chief executives ever have been hurt more by the pull of politics. It hardly can be denied that the administration now drawing to a close was a disappointment even to its friends. Even with full consideration for the difficulties which Mr. Hoover faced, there still is the fact that his executive capacity diminished once he gained power. He couldn’t make up his mind. He seems to have lived in constant dread of being flunked out by the electoral college. And even in his farwell address the mark of political pressure still remains in the words of President Hoover. He still talks like a man running for something. Or, perhaps more accurately, away from something. B tt .tt Modifying Clauses THE speech contains some states of economic truth, but in almost every instance a modifying clause follows within the next two paragraphs. For instance, Mr. Hoover made an excellent plea for international eccfr'omic cooperation when he spoke of Europe and said: “Those nations in turn, sought to protect themselves by erecting barriers higher and higher until today, as the result of such financial breakdown, we are in the presence of an incipient outbreak of economic war in the world with the weapons of depreciated currencies, artificial barriers to trade by quotas, reciprocal trade agreements, discriminations, nationalistic campaigns to consume homemade goods and a score of other tactics, each of which can be justified, for the moment, but each of which adds to the world’s confusion and dangers.” This is a curious statement to come from the President who ‘ signed the Smoot-Hawley tariff bill, and it becomes even more curious when after a minute’s internal Mr. Hoover added: “We ourselves will be forced to defensive action to protect ourselves unless this mad race is stopped. We must not be the major victim of it all.” In other words. President Hoover seems to be saying that economic warfare is a menace to the whole world, that increased* tariff barriers are a part of that warfare and that to end this confusion and strife we must increase our own schedules. It is not unlike wartime psychology. Everybody admits that war is a dreadful thing, but your own side is always right and it was the other fellow who started it. Os course. Mr. Hoover is not the creator of the strange psychology, which holds that an American tariff is a wholesome and helpful thing for the peace and prosperity of the world, but

Atmosphere May Affect Body Tissue

This is the first of two articles br Dr. Fishbein on the effects of atmospheric conditions on health. OINCE the earliest days, physicians have recognized that the atmosphere in which we live may have definite effects on the tissues of the body and thereby on health. In recent years, additional knowledge has been accumulated, but medical science is, as yet, far from a final conclusion on this subject. Engineering, architecture and related sciences still are trying to develop methods which will be economically and scientifically sufficient to meet medical requirements. In a survey of this subject made for the White House conference on child health and protection, the investigators point out that young children, especially those under one year of age, are

that duties levied by England or France constitute a disastrous and unfriendly plunge into an economic fallacy. BUB Roads to Recovery IN speaking of three roads to recovery President Hoover said with eloquence and wisdom: “The first is the highway of cooperation among the nations, thereby to remove the obstructions to world consumption and rising prices. This road leads to real stability, to expanding standards of living, to a resumption of the march of progress by gll peoples. It is today the immediate road to the relief of agriculture and unemployment not alone for us, but the entire .world.” In contrast with this. President Hoover spoke of the theory of national isolation as “a long road of readjustment into unknown and uncertain fields." Anybody who had left the Waldorf at this point would have felt justified in reporting that President Hoover had come out strongly for international cooperation and against isolation. But Presidents sometimes see their own shadows and crawl back again, and Mr. Hoover was not content to let his statement stand. He had to add immediately after these remarks on the uncertainty of an isolation policy: “But it may be necessary if the first way

Every Day Religion

BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON

TN the lovely Barrie play, “Little White Bird,’’’ a man is waiting in the street for news of the birth of his child. Many thoughts are in his mind as he thinks of his wife. Had he ever been unkind to her? Or if not actually Unkind. might he not have been a little kinder? Then follow these golden words: ‘‘Shall we make anew rule of life from tonight: Always try to be a little kinder than is necessary?” “A commonplace,” someone will say. In words it is perhaps; but in deeds, it is not too common in this hard world. For kindness is not merely kindly feeling, it does things. It is an active, not a passive virtue, not a soft, luxurious flow of emotion which ends with itself. It is no vague, soppy sentimentalism which loses itself in sighs of sympathy, and helps nobody. Such sloppy sentiment is a sham substitute for the reality. tt tt tt “ \ S old as the hills,’’ someone A else will tell us. Yes, Jesus taught it in His doctrine of the second mile: “Whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him two." Do more than is re-

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

BY DR. MORRIS FiSHBEIN

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hv*eia. the Health Magazine. much more sensitive to the effects of heat and cold than are grownups. The mechanism of the infant for regulating the temperature of its body is not established fully, and. therefore, is not so stable as that of an adult. In the United States certain diseases tend to be seasonal. In cold weather the number of cases of bronchitis, pneumonia and all forms of influenza increases. In hot weather, diseases of the intestinal tract, including particularly those forms associated with colic and diarrhea, become more prevalent. It is well known that infantile paralysis disappears largely during the win*j=r and picks up in the spring and summer.

out is closed to us. Some measures may be necessary pending cooperation conclusions with foreign nations." B B B Weaseling Out Yolk AND that certainly weasles most of the yolk out of the declaration in favor of international co-operation, because it is a statement that to • bring about co-operation we first go deeper into non-co-operation. The best way to reach “the immediate road to recovery’ is to turn your back on it and run for dear life in the opposite direction. * And, again, it hardly can be said that President Hoover did very much to aid the inflation of international amity when he declared, “I trust the American people will not be misled or influenced by the ceaseless stream of foreign propaganda that cancellation of war debts would give the international relief and remedy." In other words, co-operate with the nations of the world, but never put an ounce of faith in any of their declarations. President Hoover is all for relief “not alone for us, but the entire world.” And he suggests that we bring about this common serivee in a common cause by hanging our clothes on a hickory limb. (Copyright; 1933. bv The Times)

quired, go farther than you are asked. He would have nothing to do with a painful, punctilious morality which tries to go just as far as it must, and not a step farther. He was against the nicely calculated more or less, and all for the golden extra. For it is what a man will do without being forced to do it which is the real test of what he is. We hardly can do any duty if we try to do no more than we have to. A daughter said to her stern old father, "Oh, sir, you are a good man, but you seldom are kind, and you rarely are just.” All of us know the type—a miser in kindness is the meanest miser of all. To do only as much as custom or decency prescribes is hardly kindness at all. Aye, what a world it would be if all of us were a little kinder than is necessary, even for one day! It is so simple, so easy, for having gone so far we might go just a little farther; it would lift the burden of the world and bring the kingdom of heaven very near. It is not what we do for ourselves, but what we do for others, that makes us happy. God melt our hearts and forgive our stolid, stubborn, stingy souls! (Copyright, 1933. by United Features Syndicate. Inc.i

MOST medical investigators ascribe the frequency of respiratory diseases in winter to the lessened resistance of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat, resulting from frequent changes of the quantity of blood circulating in the membranes. The absence of moisture from the mucous membranes because of constant drying in rooms that are too hot, without sufficient amounts of moisture in the air, also is believed to lower resistance. In cold weather there is a tencency to overcrowding and lack of ventilation, which means greater likelihood of infection from one person to another, and this may be as significant in the increase of coughs, colds, and other respiratory diseases during the winter as the changes actually due to the lowered temperature itself. Next—The benefits of outdoor life.

M.E. Tracy Says:

DEBT BURDEN MUST BE EASED

SUSPENSION of farm mortgage foreclosures bv several leading life insurance companies, measures in congress designed to make such a policy effective with regard to all farm mortgages, and a widespread movement for revision of debt hardly can be regarded otherwise than as a clear indication of what lies ahead. The American people evidently have made up their minds that a drastic readjustment of values is unavoidable.

With the right kind of leadership, it is possible that an easier way out might have been found through controlled inflation. Not pausing to argue that point, a way out must be found, and it lies in only one direction. as representcc * by money or the evidence of money is wholly out of line with, capital as represented by land, buildings, machinery, and labor. Thus far the latter kind of capital has been compelled to bear pracucally a,l the losses. Ot all the country's assets, debt alone has „fl Ci sacr ,f d - Homes - farms, factories, and the right to toil have been put on the auction block to satisfy the demands of debt. a B a Capital Must Bear Its Share SUCH condition is. of course, too inequitable to endure in the face of a common calamity. Wince as we may at the thought, capital in the form of monev and securities must bear its share of the burden. This is not onl'v just, but sensible. J Os all forms of capital, that which is tied into the land, which is evidenced by raw resources, and w r hich expresses itself in the. power of mankind to build and produce, is the most important. No matter what happens, the nation must preserve those enterprises and activities by which people live. Moreover, it must do this in a way that will involve the least possible dislocation of ownership and management. Theoretically, every mortgage could be foreclosed and every piece of property change hands without altering the superficial appearance of our economic structure, but in a practical sense it would amount to little less than wholesale disaster. Our economic set-up is far too complicated to tolerate such a sweeping change in ownership or operation. B St ft Debt Pressure Must Be Relieved TT is easy enough to see this with regard to a farm, which would X become temporarily useless without the farmer, but it is true of the vast majority of our enterprises and activities, whether great or small. Debt pressure is having the same stifling effect on mills, hotels, mining operations, apartment houses, suburban developments and other activities as on the farm, and must be relieved for the’same reason, We are beginning a readjustment of nation-wide proportions. While n is right to consider agriculture first, we only would deceive ourseu.es by imagining that agricultural relief means more than a preliminary step. frnn f ta 3l ng O<T ! pflat j°n ha s not spared us. and can not spare us from the necessity of bringing money values into line with sendee and commodity values. Whether we boost prices, write down debts, go in for moratoria 2 P , 0r lssue paper mon ey. the end is the same—lowering of the dollar s value and a corresponding increase of other values

gPTTUXTnTT ‘Man Has Fight Glands’ ■ - BY DAVID DIETZ

"VJL THEN an unusual situation * ’ arises, demanding fight or flight, or other extraordinary muscular activity, two little glands, the size of a man's thumb, release his store of reserve energy. How this mechanism, so essential to life, works, been discovered through researches of Professor Walter B. Cannon and his associates at Harvard medical school. The glands are the adrenal glands, located one upon each kidney. They weigh about four grams each. In the early days of man’s history, sudden emergencies called for one of two actions—fight or flight. Situations still arise which in one way or another make demands upon the body of unusual muscular effort. The adrenals, Dr. Cannon believes, enables man to meet these emergencies. He- and his associates point out that under the stress of various emotions, as for example, anger, fear or pain, the adrenal glands are stimulated to action. They pour into the blood stream an added quantity of secretion or hormone known as adrenalin. It is the adrenalin which does the trick. As Dr. Cannon points out, the adrenalin calls out reactions in the body which are helpful to it in meeting the emergency. a a a Blood Sugar THE influx of adrenalin causes an increase in the sugar content of the blood. Blood sugar is the most favorable source of energy for the muscles. Hence by making more sugar available to the muscles, the adrenalin enables the muscles to show greater power. At the’same time the process of digestion temporarily is suspended. Blood is withdrawn from the digestive organs and sent to the organs which require it mostly at the moment, namely, heart, lungs, and central nervous system. In other words, the adrenalin enables the body either to put up a better fight or to rim away with more speed, both reactions which tend to preserve the continuity of existence. Each adrenal gland consists of two portions, a central portion known as the medullary portion and an outer layer or covering, known as the cortex. Adrenalin, sometimes called epinephrin, is secreted by the medulla. Less is known about the secretion of the cortex. Certain investigators believe that Addison's disease, a disease characterized by the appearance of a brown pigment in the skin, is due to failure of the cortex to secrete its hormone. Adrenalin normally is present in the blood in the ratio of about one part in 20.000,000. But it is highly important, serving to keep the muscular tone ?.nd the blood pressure normal. a a a About Insulin JUST as it is supposed certain bodily functions are controlled jointly by the thyroid g'land and the pituitary body, so it is supposed that the adrenals and the pancreas share some functions in common. The pancreas glands are familiar to the public because of the inspirating triumph of insulin. It was proved that diabetes was due to degeneration of portions of the pancreas known, after their discoverer, as the islets of Langerhans. It was shown that these islets secreted a hormone into the blood stream which made possible, the digestion of sugar. *

.TEB. 18, 1938,

* TRACY

When this hormone was absent sugar collected in the blood, resulting in the disease known as diabetes. McLeod, Banting and their associates, at the University of Toronto, succeeded in making an extract from the pancreas of animals which contained the missing hormone. It is known today as insulin and constitutes the treat ment for diabetes. The pancreas serve a double role. Certain digestive juices generated in the pancreas are poured into the digestive system. In addition, the islets produce insulin, which is poured directly into the blood stream.

Daily Thought

Now, therefore, O our God, hear the prayer of thy servant, and his supplications, and cause thy face to shine upon thy sanctuary that Is desolate, for the Lord's sake.—Daniel 9:17. LENITY almost always has wisdom and justice on its side. Hosea Ballou. Questions and Answers Q —What is a hundred per cent American? ' A—Benjamin Franklin gave the following definition: “a hundred per cent American is one who puts his duty to his country above his selfish desires, and who is more anxious that his children and his children's children may live in a country where justice and liberty prevail, than for any profit that he may make for himself during his own life by cheating.” Q —Can the President of the United States declare war? A—The sole power to declare war vested by the Constitution in the congress of the United States. Q—ls there any law that subjects an American citizen to penalty for failure to vote? A—No. Q —Give the source of the line, “A thing of beauty is a joy forever.” A—lt is the opening line of John Keats’ poem, ''Endymion.” Q —Which are the off and near sides of a horse? Q —How many independent countries are there in the world? A—Sixty-three. Q —ls the membership of the Masonic order in the United States larger than that of the Knights of Columbus? A—Yes.

So They Say

Americans as they impress me have no need of stimulants. They really should have sedatives, I believe. —John Masefield, Englands poet laureate, visiting the United States. Keep him Bernard Shaw. Irish playwright) outside the ten-mile limit so he can enjoy himself by saying he alone is sane in a world of American lunatics. He’ll love that.—Maurice Colbourr.e, English actor, appearing in Shaws new play in San Francisco. I am afraid we are now in a very arid period of culture. Maybe there will be a return to absolute simplicity.—lgnace Paderewski, pianist.