Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 230, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 February 1933 — Page 14

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1 lie Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPg-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) POT w. HOWARD Pmldent PO\D GURLEY Editor EARL D. RAKER Builneg. Manner

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Haiepj

Cive Light nnrt the People Will Find Their Oven Way

PRIUAY. FEB 3. 1933.

CREDIT UNIONS Just why the bankers of the state should attempt to influence the legislature to make the formation of Credit Unions more difficult is hard to explain. • The Credit, Union is the final answer to the small loan necessity, taking away extortionate profits and providing the necessary means for such credit through co-operative organizations. Tiie bankers seem to be under the peculiar impression that they must protect people from loaning their own money to themselves. The operation of the Credit Union is simple. Any group, as the law now provides, may join together for the purpose of pooling their funds, and then loaning to members of the group when need is shown. The people who grant the loaas are the members who have money in the pool. They know their fellow members, their needs, their capacity to pay. Such unions have been organized in factories, stores fire department, postoffices, even in churches, while the farm bureau has many branches. In all these days of depression no Credit Union has failed. The bankers who seem to feel that they are divinely appointed to write all the law's concerning money have no such enviable record. The Credit Union movement has grown. It has a state-wide organization. Some of the branches have more money than is needed by their own members. Other unions could use more funds but the bankers object to permitting these unions to loan to each other and expand the theory of co-operative credit. 1 hey also propose to arrange for a system of fees that would make the formation of new unions difficult if not impossible. The legislature, if wise, will make the operation of these unions easier and their growth more rapid. If any one argument wore needed, it can be found in the record made by the union formed in the Indianapolis fire department. Before its organization many of the members were paying 42 per cent a year for loans! made in emergencies. In a little over a year, every member has been taken out of the hands of the money lenders. Not a penny has been lost or can be lost. Is that safe banking? In fighting credit unions, the bankers only convict themselves of such a lack of sagacity as to invite critical study of any recommendations they make.

SAVING MONEY If there be any foundation for the claim that several hundreds of thousands of dollars can be saved to the people of Indianapolis through the introduction of natural gas, there should be no delay on the part of public officials to thoroughly investigate and give the public the facts. The people have a direct interest in the gas company. It belongs to ihe people, when they pay the holders of common stock in accordance with the agreement upheld by the supreme court. One purpose of public ownership is to give the people a necessary utility without paying tribute to private owners If that same purpose can be accomplished and added to the benefits of public ownership by more economic methods, the people will be double gainers. If other companies desire to sell natural gas to the city, they should be invited to come without delay with their offers. There can be but two questions involved. The first is whether the natural gas will save money for the city, aid manufacturers, reduce living and business costs. The other is whether the offer made to the city is the lowest that can be obtained. If the plan is feasible, and other cities seem to have demonstrated that it is, then quick action on the part of the authorities in getting the lowest possible terms is imperative. If it be true that the terms offered in this city are lower than prevail in others, then delay and hesitation should not be injected by any utility interest to block the benefits.

ROOSEVELT LEADS If Mr. Roosevelt, with his Tennessee basin plan, had done nothing more than give hope to his country in time of despair, it would be a valuable service. But the plan is more significant than that. It demonstrates that the President-elect is providing leadership. While too many politicians and business men have thrown up their hands, he courageously is seeking a way out. Nor is he looking for some minor adjustment to save us, pending a prosperity miracle. His attitude is that mere tinkering with the depression is not enough; there will be no miracle unless we work it. He says he is concerned not only with the 12.000,000 unemployed today, but with the 5.000.000 who will remain unemployed with the return of prosperity unless we do something about it. He wants to correct our lopsided economic system, to achieve a balance between capital and labor and between city and farm, to operate on a more efficient basis. Os course many politicians have theorized along this line before. But Mr. Roosevelt does more than theorize. He has a concrete plan. He proposes to take a vast area in the southeast, covering 640,000 square miles in ten states, for a daring experiment in national economic planning, involving reforestation, reclamation, flood control, navigation, and hydro-electric power development. Old forests would be saved, poor farm land would be turned back into new forests, and new rich farm lands uncovered by drainage, water now wasted or destructive in floods would be converted into cheap electric power for thousands of communities, tens of thousands of commercial companies, and hundreds of thousands of farms. This experiment, built from the foundation already existing at Muscle Shoals, would be extended later to other parts of the country, especially to the Ohio, Arkansas, and Missouri basins in the middle west and the Columbia in the northwest. . Is it practicable? Almost twenty years ago the United States came out of a depression with the help of giant construction projects and'large-scale industrial orders that

put the unemployed to work and restored the purchasing power of the cities and the farms. That was construction for war purposes—for destruction. Mr. Roosevelt proposes construction for peace purposes, which not only will provide emergency business orders and employment, but at the same time conserve and utilize the rich natural resources which are our heritage. If the President-elect can link this plan w-ith private and public debt conversion, with national minimum wage scales and shorter work periods to spread purchasing power, with reduction of tariffs and war debts to restore fdreign trade, we believe he will have a program of action strong enough to break the depression. In this effort Mr. Roosevelt will not lack support. Capital and labor and the general public want action. Anything with a fair chance of success is better than helpless waiting for failure.

DOMESTIC DEBT RELIEF The United States bureau of agricultural economics has a sympathetic understanding of the farm mortgage debt problem. The suggestion in its farm outlook report that creditors and debtors must cooperate, and that there must be governmental assistance if distress is to be held to a minimum this year, is timely and sensible. It records that funds for lending on farm mortgage security are meager, that there have been large numbers of delinquencies and foreclosures. It emphasizes, in a word, that congress must put up funds to refinance this debt burden if agriculture is to be improved. The house just has passed a bankruptcy bill which provides a way for the voluntary scaling down of farm and corporate debts. This will accomplish some good, if finally enacted. But congress, it seems to us, should not stop there. The farm organizations have agreed upon, and Senator Robinson of Arkansas and Representative Steagall of Alabama have introduced a bill for refinancing farm mortgages. This measure provides for anew emergency agricultural refinance corporation. It would endow this agency with one billion dollars to refinance fai'm debts, and allocate othej sums to strengthen federal land bank bonds. It also provides for liquidation of joint stock land banks. This bill may need amending in some particulars. But, in any event, some such legislation should be passed now—it should not be delayed until the special session. Five weeks remain of this last lame duck session, and congress is faced wdth a tremendous amount of work. But if, as is indicated by the fact that Senator Robinson introduced the bill, the measure has the backing of the Democrats; and if, as is reported, it has the support of the incoming administration ana was written in part by representatives of the President-elect, then it can be passed quickly. Such a great business concern as the New York Life Insurance company has recognized the farm moi tgage distress by suspending its mortgages in lowa until state authorities there take action. The other large eastern insurance companies are reported doing the same. Congress, following suit, should provide means for overcoming this basic obstacle to the return of national prosperity. President-Elect Roosevelt is to have a swimming tank in the White House. Considering his reported penchant for “ducking” his playfellows, we hope Huey Long is asked over real soon. / 1 9 ' L' Judging from the senate’s SB,OOO barber bill, Uncle Sam s tonsorial craftsmen don’t plague our lawmakers by urging a tonic, singe or shampoo. They just give ’em the works without asking. They say that the fellow who hunts for trouble always finds it. Not if it's in the ignition system, he doesn't. The husband who used to bribe his wife into giving the house a good cleaning now slyly slips a couple of pieces of her favorite jigsaw puzzle into his pocket. Baseball “holdouts’’ who think they’re “in the pink are apt find one of these fine mornings that they’re right smack “in the red.’’

Just Plain Sense == BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON r

OUITE the most discouraging article I have ever read on modern marriage appears in the current ‘'Good Housekeeping.” It sets up the idea that today's bride must exist in a state of armed defense against her kind. She must be prepared to fight for the loyalty and love of her husband until kindly death takes her for its own, or old age enables her to ignore all earth's infidelities. And if we are to take this as a true picture of the modern man, then lay down your weapons, good ladies, for this sort certainly is not worth fighting for. After you have scratched and battled your way into his heart, you will find it but an empty chamber. a hollow space unlit by warming fires. How low has sunk the dearest of all human relationships in this our mad dynasty of moving picture royalties! How undignified has become the once honorable position of wife in this land of wisecracks and wantonness! The being who has been respected not only because she brought joy and sweetness to the lives of men, but because she is mother to the race, now is asked to convert herself into a sort of half-wit vaudeville entertainer (with a change of program every hour - ) to ‘'keep'’ the man who repeated to her the vows of marriage. st a tt ■\7'ET after this modern bride has been a perfect hostess; after she has learned to carry a score of cocktails without disaster; after she has. perfected herself in golf and tennis and bridge; after she has swum and dieted and stood for years upon her mental tiptoes; after she has met all domestic crises with gayety and humor; in shorfc. after she has prevented the capture of her priceless man by the invader, what aoes she have for all her trouble? Exactly nothing, according to our author, except a selfish, spoiled, unstable windbag. It's more than absurd to put the entire responsibility for the success erf marriage upon the woman Unless the husband, too, wishes and works toward that end. the most gallant lady can not save it. because marriage depends upon reciprocity for survival. And what about motherhood? We've got to have time out for that during the fray. Or has it become impossible to keep a husband and have a baby at the same time in America? Personally, I'm fed up with the moderns. Let’s get down Sarah Jewett and Mary Freeman and read about a sane woman for a while—-the old-fashioned New England old maid, God bless her.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

SHBHP

It Seems to Me • . . . by Heywood Broun

-1 BELIEVE that the accession of Adolf Hitler to the chancellorship is fraught with tragic consequences for Germany and the world. And I believe that the turn of events ought to stand as an object lesson to many other countries. including the United States. Hitler has not been elevated to power because he represents a majority of the German people, but the opposition never has been able to unite effectively, even in a temporary working agreement. Parties which regarded Hitlerism as the most fearsome of all the potentialities insisted on quarreling with other groups which felt just_ the same way, and during the confusion this dialect comedian slipped in through the side door. At this distance it would be silly to make any attempt to place the blame for the catastrophe. Let it suffice that certain leaders were doctrinnaire to the extent of pursuing a course calculated to bring about a fascism which they deplored. And their excuse has been

Views of Times Readers

Editor Times—What’s wrong with the veterans’ pension? What's wrong with the bonus advocates? Before the election congressmen were fighting for the soldiers’ bonus. But I have come to think it was just a scheme to get the veterans’ votes. I read in the newspapers that some of them are now fighting against the pension for the soldiers. They say it is a heavy burden on the taxpayers. Well, they didn’t take the second thought that at least two-thirds of the veterans are taxpayers themselves. If the pensions are taken away from many veterans, they will be on the mercy of the county or state. I can’t see w'here it is saving the state or county anything, because they are depending on their pensions to live. They have no work and can’t get work. Where is the government saving anything? I am a veteran of the World war and I have a family to feed. I deserve my pension, just like lots of my buddies who served in the war arid were injured in actual service. My health is bad. I can’t hold a job at public work because of my health. One half day’s work would wear me out and I would be like a windbroken horse. I say the government owes me a pension, or if it takes my pension it will have to help me and at a greater cost. The veterans must wake up and do something or lose what they have. A VETERAN. Editor Times—lt would seem that at last the federal government is taking a step toward economy m the veterans’ bureau. I refer to men employed in the government service at good and steady salaries who yet have the intestinal fortitude to accept from the government additional revenue

~ ■ DAILY HEALTH SERVICE --^= Headache Victim: Avoid Excesses - Li.' BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN —■

This is the last of three articles by Dr. Fishbein on sick headaches. IN a survey of methods of treatment to be applied in headache Dr. Henry A. Riley points out that almost every method of treatment known to medical science has been applied at one time or another in such cases. He feels, therefore, that some definite change should be made in the life habits of such patient, based on a complete survey of his work, his play, his food, his mental attitude, and his philosophy of life. An inequality of emphasis in the patient's interests and activities should be corrected. He should live a fnoderate existence and all excesses should be prevented. A patient who is constantly indoors and gets insufficient exercise should change his habits in the right direction. Rest and change

Marching Thru Georgia

that the best way to show up this system of government was to have it come to power and fail. tt tt tt Waste Their Strength THE trouble with that is that the health of few countries is sufficiently rugged today to stand as much as one more collapse. “After me the deluge” always has been considered a cynical remark, but it is hardly as callous as the mood of “Before me the deluge.” One more deluge and there just won't be any “me.” At the moment the political situation of America is not much like that of Germany. Here, as in Germany, the Socialists and the CI nmunists have been continuously at odds, but, to be perfectly blunt about it, this is still a private fight between groups woefully in the minority. Quite possibly the growth of both parties has been vastly slowed up by this preoccupation with an irrelevant issue, but even if it were possible for the partisans to com-

in the form of pensions and compensations on account of disability, or retirement pay from army, navy, or Marine corps. If these men are truly disabled, they should not be in the government service, where a physical standard is set, but should be treated as disabled men and required to live on their compensations or pensions. Some may think this letter a little harsh, but investigation will prove that it is very mild. There are men in Indianapolis who are employed by the government at salaries that are steady and salaries that many men would be glad to work for, yet they draw from the veterans’ bureau amounts up to SIOO a month in addition to their salaries. Many of these men were not out of the United States during the war and some saw no real service. Those able to hold down jobs and work every day are not disabled nor entitled to support from the government. Taxpayers, do yourself a good turn, write your senators and representatives in regard to this matter, and ask for strict investigation and action and relief from these parasites. Abolition of the disability compensation law and a strict revision of the pension law is an excellent germicide. MILO.

Daily Thought

For in much wisdom is much grief; and in that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow7.—Ecclesiastes 1:18. The wise man is but a clever infant.—Carlyle.

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvecia, the Health Maea/.ine. are particularly valuable for people whenever constantly under physical, mental, or emotional pressure. No one with recurrent sick headaches should try to work all the time. They will do well to take at least one afternoon and one day a week for rest or recreation, and- perhaps both winter and summer vacations. a a a IN controlling the immediate attack. Dr. Riley suggests tnat the room be darkened and that everything be kept quiet. Most such patients are so intensely uncomfortable that they do not want to be touched or interfered with. In some instances, an icebag to the head or a hot-water bottle to the feet may give relief.

bine in any sort of working agreement, the joint strength would not be signficant. Wthin a few years there may be quite a different story to tell. And the technique of the two contending schools is so different that in any approach to power they will necessarily be antagonistic. But at the moment it is a little as if the two smallest men in a battle-royal should set out to demolish each other and spare the heavyweight the trouble. ja a a The Warring Liberals FOR the purpose of more immediate action, one of the best things that cculd happen to America would be the repairing of the rifts which exist in the liberal groups. These gentlemen still stand on opposite sides of the fence and make faces at each other. I would like to see a movement toward essentialism, and I am not speaking of its poor relation, opportunism. Somebody should draw up a program of the things which must be done here and now. I am thinking of unemployment, evictions, hunger, and cold. The other day a paralyzed woman was carried out of her apartment and left lying on a mattress on the sidewalk because the rent had not been paid. Such things must not be. If radical remedes are needed to prevent such episodes, then radical remedies there will have to be. If liberalism can offer a remedy, let it show its hand, but without further delay. In the same way it is obvious that protection must be extended to farmers who already have lost their homes or are about to lose their homes through tax sales or mortgage foreclosures. Nobody can afford t§ be bothered whether the way out'is radical or revolutionary. It must be done! Men and women have frozen to death in large cities. Some Governors still contend that nobody starves, but that hardly applies to the slower disintegration of malnutrition. n a No Waiting for Labels WE can not afford to stand upon ceremony or rugged individualism in coming to the rescue. Somebody may say that everybody admits the absolute necessity of providing food, shelter, and employment for all. If everybody agreed I think we would g£t very little done. The end of it all would be lip service. But there still are large groups which argue that the government has no concern with an individual’s private affairs, such as his right to starve. There still are eloquent editorials written against increasing income taxes in the higher brackets. The suggestion of a capital levy arouses shudders in drawing rooms. The point which the essentialists should stress is that the necessary work of salvation must be done. Do the job first and then decide on the label later. (Convnsht. 1933. bv The Timest

The physician actively in charge of the treatment of such a patient can do much by controlling the diet, eliminating the substances to which the patient seems to respond with headache. , He also can control the actions of the bowels and, on occasion, get results by injection of various preparations which produce what is known as non-specific protein reaction. The use of various glandular preparations to overcome deficiencies in glands ir, in some instances, to oppose overactivity of certain glands, is again experimental, but is worthy of trial. In cases which seem to be of this type there arises the question of giving drugs of various types to control the pain. Here it is absolutely necessary to have the constant attention of a 'physician thoroughly familiar with the patient, his habits, his emotional reactions, and particularly his headaches.

M.E. Tracy Says: +— —-——► MAKE MUSCLE SHOALS WORK

PRESIDENT-ELECT ROOSEVELT is to be congratulated on his evident intention of doing something with Muscle Shoals. The way this project has been neglected is nothing short of a disgrace to good sense. While shoveling money out of the window for one worthless venture after another, the government has permitted a property which it owned, and on which it had spent more than one hundred million dollars, to rot.

It has done so, not in obedience to sound American principles, but in deference to a policy desired by the power interests. People have been duped and hoodwinked regarding Muscle Shoals by a flood of bought and paid for propaganda, which, though trotted out in the name eof sacred tradition, was designed to prevent an undertaking that promised nlightenment on the one hand and economic relief on the other. Even during the last three years, when the cry was for work and the government was dishing out billions in credit for banks and corporations. not a nickel could be found for Muscle Shoals. a b a Illogical Arguments With Point IT was a socialistic experiment, our reactionary' leaders asserted, which should be dropped, notwithstanding what had been done or what the section where it was located had been promised. The arguments employed to kill it off were illogical and inconsistent, but they worked. Fiist, we weie told that it was impractical, that it wouldn’t pav and that the taxpayers would be sorry if they spent any more on it. Then we were told that it represented unfair competition for the power business. Finally, we were- told that though the government had a perfect right undei the C-onstitution to establish flood control, provide irrigation, and reclaim land, it had no right to develop power projects. We were made to believe that government operation of Muscle Shoals, even to a partial extent, would subvert our political system. Many worth while propositions for relief have been sidetracked bv similar nonsense. BUB Fear Rules , Rather Than Intelligence Tj'VER since the war. we have consulted fear rather than intelligence, have allowed vested interest and special privilege to determine public policy, exploit the nation's resources, and block progress by the simple method of exhibiting a Red bugaboo. We have established an expensive commerce department to help pin ate business and erected tariff walls to protect private industry, both in the nature cf real subsidies; and then allowed ourselves to be scared away from one project after another, on the ground that we must do nothing that would aid ordinary folk in a direct way. Completion of Muscle Shoals and improvement of the entire Tennessee basin w’ould not commit this government to anything new in basic policy or tie it up with any political theory at variance with its asic principles, but would provide work, help a great section of the country, and stimulate hope.

= gpTF N r F Many Stars Are Twins — , BY DAVID DIETZ

TWINS and triplets are far more common among the inhabitants of the heavens than they are among the inhabitants of the earth. Recent astronomical studies reveal that in all probability one of of every five stars either is a double or multiple star, in most cases, a double. Asa result, it is evident today that no theory of stellar evolutions will be satisfactory unless it has an explanation for the- formation of these celestial twins, triplets and quadruplets. Many of the world's astronomical observatories today devote a large part of their time to the study of double stars. The first astronomer to recognize the significance of double stars was the great Sir William Herschel, who also distinguished himself by the discovery of the planet Uranus in 1781. Herschel, who started life as a musician, succeeded in building better and bigger telescopes than any which had existed up to that time. He used his big telescopes to “sweep” the sky, carrying on a systematic study of the whole heavens, patch by patch. In the course of his study, he discovered the planet Uranus. During it, he also noted many close pairs of stars. It occurred to him that all these could not be the result of mere chance, but that many of the pairs must constitute real physical systems. tt tt a Double Star Catalog WITHIN the present century thousands of double stars have been discovered and studied. Among the eminent astronomers in this field of study are Dr. Otto Struve, director of Yerkes observatory, and Dr. Robert G. Aitken, director of Lick observatory. Recently, Dr. Aitken published a double star catalog containing data for 17.000 visual binaries, that is, double stars whose components can be separated with a telescope. In addition to those visual binaries, there are many spectroscopic binaries. There are double stars in which the components are so close together that they can not be separated with the aid of the telescope. The spectroscope, however, reveals the true nature of these objects. The spectroscope, as many readers know, is an improvement upon the ordinary glass prism. If you hold a glass prism up to the light it splits the light into a rainbow' of colors. Such a rainbow is called a spectrum. When the spectrum of the sun or of a star is formed with the aid of a spectroscope, it is found to be crossed with a series of black lines. These lines are characteristic of the various chemical elements and serve to identify the elements present in the outer layer of the sun or star. These lines, in addition, reveal the motion of a star. If a star is moving toward the earth, the spectrum lines are found to be shifted toward the violet end of the spectrum. If it is moving aw r ay from the earth the lines are shifted toward the red. tt tt a Behavior of Lines NOW a double star reveals itself in the spectroscope by furnishing a double set of spectrum lines. There will be times when one set of lines falls exactly on the other. But in general, due to the motion of the two component stars about each other, at any given instant one star will have the effect of approaching the earth, while the other star will have that of receding from the earth. Asa result, it is possible by studying the movements of the two sets of lines to measure the period in wk.ch the two stars revolve about each other. In the course of each half revolution, the two sets of lines will

EEB. 3, 1933

TRACY

coalesce, separate to a maximum, and then once more come together again. Dr. Roscoe F. Sanford of the Mt. Wilson observatory summarizes recent studies of double stars as follows: "1. The double star, visual or spectroscopic, is by no means a rarity, but may be as frequent as one in every five stars. 2. In general the spectroscopic binaries are found among stars hotter than our sun. ‘3. The periods are longer on the average for the cooler stars. “4. The orbits are more nearly circular for those of shorter p-r----iods. “5. The masses of binary stars are of the same order as that of the sun, varying from one-half to seventy-five times that of the sun.” Dr. Sanford also says that the theory of the origin of binary stars which has been most g°nerally accepted is the ‘fission” theory, which regards a double star as the result of the division of an original star into two components.

Questions and Answers Q —ls the city of St. Louis in a county? A—No. It was made an independent city by act of state legislature. Q —Why does the putting of a spoon or knife in a glass before pouring in hot liquid prevent it from breaking? A— Because the metal of the cutlery absorbs a considerable amount of heat from the first liquid that is poured in and cools it enough so that the glass is not heated too quickly. It is the suddenness of heating or cooling that makes glass crack. Q—How large is the population of the Japanese empire? A—The Japanese empire census of Oct. 1, 1930, enumerated 90,395,698. Q —Does the English sparrow live on a vegetable or animal diet? A—Recent studies of the food habits and economic status of the English sparrow' under present day conditions show that the adult birds are essentially vegetarian, more than 96 per cent of their food being obtained from mixed feed, grain of various kinds, weed seeds and products of the garden. The nestlings subsist to a large extent on insects, but only for a brief span of ten or twelve days, after which they also become vegetarians. Q —Where were the first motorcycles used? A—ln France and Germany about 1885, but they were not popularized in any country until 1911-12. Q —How many miles are in a light year? A—Approximately 5.880 billion. The exact speed of light has not been determined finally, but the latest figure is 299,796 kilometers, or 186,284 miles a second Q —Who v;as the official organist at the St. Louis world's fair in 1904? A—Charles Galloway of St. Louis.

So They Say

Life seems to be dealing with youth as if it were using loaded dice.—The Rev. Dr. Stephen S. Wise of New York. A lecture tour is an ignoble experience which consists of a series of changing events about 11 o'clock in the morning, and its only compensation is that you see America. —Thornton Wilder, author and lecturer.