Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 208, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 January 1933 — Page 6

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Ti ie Indianapolis Times (A SC'RIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) ROT W. HOWARD . Prppldent BOYD GURLEY Editor EARL D. BAKER Business Manager

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iapiEA. $r • f *>P 3 O'* KMM Give Light and tht People Will Find 7 h fir Oirn Way

. >AY. JAN. 9 A NEW NAVIGATOR Today the state of Indiana we.; >mer Paul McNutt with hope and confidence as the navigator of its ship of state. The ship, it may be stated is sadly in need of repairs if it be entirely sate for the perilous seas on which it rides. Through the last dorm years there have been too many leaks in the fuel tanks. And very frequently it has been steered along dangerous routes. Governor McNutt goes 'nto office at the most critical period in the history of the state. The hour demands even greater wisdom and stronger nearts than were required when the nation was at war. The problems are most difficult because they are less easily seen. There is missing the emotional solidarity which commanded universal support for necessary war programs. The farmers of the state face confiscation through tax burdens. The nome owner in the cities meets the same situation. On every hand there is a demand for rigid economy and a reduction of the costs of government. And yet, only through government does it seem possible to care for the increased number of unemployed workers who must tie fed or reduced to banditry or rioting. Mingled with the tax pronlem are ourdens placed upon business, industry and living costs by the exactions of utility services, which have escaped regulation through the holding company method of obtaining revenues far in excess of a reasonable return on real investments. Most pressing of all, some real solution must be found for the problem of unemployment, either through the release of business from some of its burdens or more direct action in furnishing jobs. Because the problems are grave end the responsibilities great, the opportunity of Governor McNutt for real leadership is great. It is a situation in which to be successful he must command, by his wisdom and his braveness, the support of all citizens. He wall succeed only in the measure that he can wipe political prejudices from the minds of people and join them in a movement for the common good. To that task he brings an exceptionally wellequipped mind and a real determination for accomplishment. He is essentially a man of action. The times need action, not bewildered waiting. On this day the people welcome Governor McNutt with enthusiasm and every wish for his success.

AGAIN THE GOBLINS As the legislature goes into session, the Indiana organization of Insullism hoods the state with advertisements in small newspapers warning against the passage of laws that will make ownership of public utilities easier and possible. While the founder of this vast utility empire remains in Greece, away from the indictments of the Illinois courts, his tradition tarries on. The advertisements are a frank appeal to the farmer to prevent the passage of any law that would aid public ownership on the ground of increased taxation. The statement, of course, is false. Fortunately, the people have come to know something about Insullism, and no longer accept statements from that quarter without challenge. Public ownership of utilities in this state, and in other states, has meant a saving for all the people and freedom from extortion. The city dweller will have more money to buy food from the farmer if he can escape unnecessary and unfair charges for water, gas and electricity. It seems impossible that any representative, with any honesty of purpose or any sign of intelligence, can be fooled by this parade of goblins. The organization of mayors and officials of cities demanding freedom is much more reliable and much more patriotic. IMMEDIATE RELIEF If the reason for a federal relief act at this session of congress seemed obscure to any one when Senators La Follette and Costigan introduced their new bill, facts developed in the hearings by the experts in closest touch with this problem should banish all uncertainty. “Families have been reduced to the basis of prowling alley cats in Philadelphia,” Dr. Jacob Billikopf, executive director of the Federation of Jewish charities of Philadelphia, testified. “Our people are living on daily rations, said Linton B. Swift of the Family Welfare Association of America. “If the system existing here were described as existing in any other country, Russia for instance, we should be horrified.” “God only knows how the people in the mining districts of West Virginia are living,” said Van A. Bittner, representative of the United Mine Workers of America. “Semi-starvation is sweeping across the country with the ravages of a plague in its wake," said Dr. Sidney E. Goldstein, chairman of the joint committee on unemployment. Last year, also, conditions were painted as distressing in the extreme when the first La FolletteCostigan relief bill was pending in congress. But now “One-third of all the unemployed now are on relief,” according to H. L. Lurie, quoting a survey made by the American Association of Social Workers. “More are in need of relief, and relief that is given is reverting to primitive methods. “Fears are expressed that mounting unrest may begin to assume violent forms of expression more frequently if constructive and adequate measures for relieving distress do not materialize in the near future.” Lurie told of some localities where large portions of the population are receiving no aid at all, and of cities where relief needs have increased as much as 300 per cent in a year, while relief funds have increased only 30 per cent. Samuel A. Goldsmith, director of Jewish charities of Chicago, declares that the present estimate of unemployed in that city is 1,400,000.” “Now less than 30,000 families in urger.t need are

not being cared for in New York,” William Hodson of the Welfare Council of New York City, testified. “We spent $8,300,000 for relief in 1932,” said Dr. Karl Schweinitz of the Community Council of Philadelphia. “In 1933 we shall have to spend $14,000,000, with no increase in standards.” But why should the federal government, which provided loans for relief last summer, now' provide direct grants for relief? “Unless federal aid be changed from a loan basis to direct aid. American cities are going to have defaults which will shake not only municipal credit, but tiro whole credit structure of the United States,” says Paul V. Betters, executive director of the American Municipal Association. “Cities already are asking us to petition congress to let tlie R F. C. assist them in refunding plans. They are crippling essential services to meet relief needs. They are facing default. The present system is only stimulating financial chaos.” And Professor Simeon D. Leland, economist of the University of Chicago, adds extensive data about constitutional limitations on the taxing pow-er of cities, counties, and states, pointing out that these make it impossible for local governments to act quickly enough to meet the present emergency. It seems fair to conclude, from this evidence, that there are overwhelming reasons why the Costi-gan-La Follette direct relief act should be adopted at the soonest possible moment. OUR CHANGING HOME LIFE Those figures on the “average family,” presented to the Association for the Advancement of Science by Professor William F. Ogburn of the University of Chicago, make interesting reading—and, perhaps, upset a few of the commonly accepted notions about the way Americans live. Professor Ogburn demonstrates that the average family has either three or four members, lives In a $5,000 home and, if it pays rent, shells out $27 a month for its living quarters. Only one family In eight lives in an apartment. One family In three contains more than one wage earner. This brief collection of figures bespeaks profound changes that have taken place in American life in the last generation. It also contains important hints about developments which are apt to come in the near future. It would repay earnest study by sociologists and economists. The “average family” today is vastly different from the family of a few decades ago, WHERE TIIE BLAME RESTS Congressman George Huddleston of Alabama, interviewed at Washington by Rodney Dutcher, utters a few truths that all critics of congress ought to bear in mind. “The responsibility of congress,” says Mr. Huddleston, “is secondary, for the people of the country are primarily responsible for what congress does. Whatever we do here is what public opinion requires of us, and there is now no informed, coherent, intelligent public opinion.” This, of course, is self-evident—but we seldom stop to think about it. We assail congress for its purposelessness, its inefficiency and its changeableness, forgetting that congress is a most accurate reflector of the nation's state of mind. In the last analysis, the shortcomings of congress trace directly back to the ordinary citizen; and when we w r ail about congress, w r e simply are indicating ourselves. Difficulties in learning to read are four times as common in boys as among girls, says a neurologist. Which may account for dad’s consistent failure to read what's on mother’s mind. Wouldn’t it be refreshing to read some time that the old theatrical tradition had been broken by some touching incident and that “the show did NOT go on”? Hardened to Chicago's rigorous climate, Samuel Insull professes a sudden delight in the mild winters of Greece, and Robert Elliott Burns, the “chain gang fugitive,” disavows Georgia's temperate clime in favor of a habitat in wintry New Jersey, So it goes. Well, it appears that the folks who were afraid President-Elect Roosevelt would do something radical were right. He says he’ll keep every campaign pledge. Most comedians, says a producer, have a conviction they can play tragic roles. And so, alas, do a lot of misguided tragedians. ~~~ ~ —■ I Just Plain Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON - .. | “VXTHAT would you do.” inquires a woman, “if ycu had five children and worked from davlight until dark in a farm home, with a husband who abused you and the children continually, and allowed you no penny of the money you had helped to make? ‘I try to live a Christian life and am too proud to talk of these things to family or friends, but feel that the breaking point is near.” It should be. It is almost impossible to state with certainty what one would do in such a situation, but I believe I might abandon the Christian life for a time, discard my pride, and put on a really active rebellion. If this woman is telling the truth, she obviously Is married to a bully, and a bully is comparatively easy to handle if you know how to go about it. And for that job one does not need velvet gloves. The man who is deliberately and needlessly cruel to wife and children because he happens to be the head of the house and carry the purse, usually covers up a strong inferiority complex with such behavior. Probably he feels defeated by life and in his longing to retaliate he becomes a domestic tyrant. tt n tt QUCH men are not without an aspect of pathos. They grow thus warped because of some natural deficiency of character, or from the unhappy circumstances in which they have been reared. As for me, I infinitely should prefer being beaten by an enraged man, staking all to win a small measure of justice, than to go on. year after year, enduring small persecutions, lacking money I had toiled to earn, and wanting the sympathy and love that every woman so situated desires and deserves. To postpone the evil hour is only to augment the trouble. The tyrant of today, if permitted to indulge his tempers, will become the brute of tomorrow, and no woman who values the happiness of her children can afford to trust to chance for his reformation. However, a husband who remains deaf to the voice of reason and affection is not always deaf to the feminine battle cry. If I were in this woman's place, I would make mine a veritable war whoop that would resound to the deepest recesses of the rural regions.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

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It Seems to Me .... by Heywood Broun

I’D like to be masterful. And, failing that, I wish I could make up my mind within the space afforded by twenty-four hours or a little less. * Several years ago I decided I would sail for somewhere. That seemed a reasonable enough decision at the time. The grippe I had insisted on lingering. I had what is called a very nasty cough. People mentioned the matter, particularly in theaters and other places of public assemblage. They said, “You ought to do something for that cough.” I took syrups and lozenges and hot lemonades, and still I coughed without much diminution. Things.got so bad that finally I hardly had energy enough to keep from going to bed by midnight, The column was set down wearily and fn perfunctory fashion. I gnarled at friends and was coolish toward acquaintances. Even the revolution grew a little less important in my eyes. “It won’t do me much good,” I thought. “Not with this nasty cough.” tt tt a So Many Ships BUT even the firm decision that you are going to sail somewhere is only the beginning of difficulty. You begin to collect steamship folders and run into people whose first cousin is a second vice-president of the line. One boat stops at Martinique, but doesn’t give you Puerto Rico. And it’s still another craft which gives you shore leave at Haiti. Besides, the problem comes up as to whether you want to lave yourself in a Pompeiian swimming pool or something simpler done in Dutch titles. There are those liners which pitch and also the holy rollers. The whole problem of world cookery comes into the scope of the discussion before you are done. Should one trust his fate upon the high seas to Swedish hors d'oeuvres or to the cheese of the Dutch? There are maps and plans to study, and a brief survey of desert islands in case anything goes wrong in the hurricane belt, i know this isn’t the season for hurricanes, but fate may do almost anything to a columnist when she gets him alone and unprotected. I’ve tried to equip myself with such nautical information as is available at Tony's, but I’m not sure that everything supplied me was authentic. For instance, I asked Edward J. McNamara whether the rule of “women and children first” still was prevalent, as I would not like to do anything conspicuously tactless. He told me not to pay any attention to it. He said that business all went out along with the practice of taking off your hat in the elevator, tt tt tt Virtue in Shanghaing t f" MORE or less wish somebody JL would shanghai me. It's so difficult to pick a date in advance, and if you settle on one just a few days away, there’s so much to be done in the way of necessary preparation. I mean it’s a cinch that at the last minute you'll suddenly become conscious of the fact that you just must see your dentist. I have a horror of looking at the Panama canal and realizing that, although it is one of rhe

- —DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Watch Diet in Whooping Cough —— BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN ;

This is the last of three articles by Dr. Fishbein on whooping cough. AS soon as the child who has had whooping cough is free from fever and any other serious symptoms, it is customary to permit it to be about, particularly where there is sunlight, warmth and fresh air. but the child should not be exposed to air that is too cold. Because the coughing spells are frequently accompanied by vomiting, such children sometimes lose weight and may suffer from a lack of water in the body. Hence, the parents must aid the physician in seeing to it that the child has sufficient, water and

The Hit and Run Driver!

greatest engineering "eats in the world, there’s ic'body • ’ithin a couple of thousand miles to change a filling. There ought to be a law about dentists. And I certainly mean American dentists. There ought

So They Say

We’re going to demonstrate that bad luck is nothing but imagination. When every one is convinced that 1933 is going to be a good luck year, business will pick up and the depression will be routed.— Sidney Strotz, Chicago, president of the “Anti-Superstition Society.” People have lost the art of listening.—John Masefield, poet laureate of England. There can be no national recovery so long as we have 10-cent corn, 5-cent cotton and 30-cent wheat. Representative Marvin Jones (Dem., Tex.), chairman house agricultural committee. The desires to possess completely the person one loves makes much of the unhappiness in family relationship.—Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, wife of the Presidentelect. Daily Thought I ii Woe to the shepherd that leaveth the flock! the sword shall be upon his arna, and upon his right eye; his arm shall be clean dried up, and his right eye shall be utterly darkened—Zechariah 11:17. o tt tt EVERY duty we omit obscures some truth we should have known.—Ruskin.

j Every Day Religion BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON ■

IN Lincoln's Inn Fields, in London, in front of her former home at No. 3, stands the memorial of Margaret MacDonald, one of the greatest women of England. She was a radiant spirit, lovely in her life, tireless in her labors. \ The biography of her by her husband, the present prime minister, is one of the most beautiful books in our language—to read which is to renew our faith in God and man. The memorial shows her figure, wrought in bronze, seated with her arms outstretched, her robes so falling over her arms as to suggest a brooding mother-bird, and underneath the hovering wings little children nestle and play. Nearby is a tablet in tribute to her, written by her husband, the last words of which are: “She took no rest from doing good.” It is quite literally true; she gave her life in self-spending love. Often, in the dark days of World war, I used to stop and study the memorial and it taught me many things. Whence comes the beautiful, brooding, all-giving love which spends itself for others. giving time, money, strength, and even life itself, in

Editor Journal of .the American Medlcall Association and of Hvzeia, the Health Mazarine. i also that it eats whenever it can retain food, to keep up its nutrition. In keeping up the nutrition of the child, it is well to rely primarily on milk and the use of vegetables containing plenty of vitamins and mineral salts. a tt tt BECAUSE coughing may bring undue pressure into the abdominal cavity, and thereby cause rupture or hernia by pushing the abdominal contents through the wall, it is advisable in some cases

to oe more of the "ypsy in them. You can walk down ny central street on the Island of Manhattan, and fifty or sixty young men of high degree of competence will be sitting in their lonely offices reading the Saturday Evening Post and wondering just what a patient would look like if he catnc in. And in far-off Jamaica or Trinidad some local practitioner iN removing a tooth by means of a chisel and a hand gimlet. tt tt tt Should Follow Flag AMERICAN .marines or missionaries or medical men constantly are landing on some foreign shore to restore good order, but the American dentist rarely leaves his own fireside, and then only fer some major city like Berlin or Paris. At least, there used to be an American dentist in Paris, but the poor fellow probably died of overwork. I remember once in Shanghai I was in sore distress. Friends in the foreign colony recommended a German, a French, and a British practitioner. The Germans are superb scientists. The French make lovely wine. Britain carved out for itself a world empire, but none of these people should be trusted with anybody's teeth. At last one of the group said: “Os course, there’s Underhill. He’s a fugitive from justice. They want him for murder back in California. His hand is pretty shaky because he’s an habitual drunkard. But he is an American dentist.” And so of course I went to Underhill. By the time you see this I may be on the high seas. T may not. To me leaving New York is always an extraction. I need a little anesthesia. (Convrieht. 1933. bv The Times)

happy sacrifice for the poor, the under-privileged, and the victims of injustice. Such love embodied itself in the life cf that lovely woman, and the world cannot forget her. Tt tt tt SURELY, I thought, such love is not an accident, a freak, a kind of sublime folly and futility. It must have a source, an origin, a meaning, a basis in the nature of things. What is the fountain from which flows this stream of pity which softens and sweetens the world, seeking to melt its hardness into gentleness and beauty and helpfulness? It must be that there is love in the heart of nature, else it would not be in man. Thus, when I sought the source of love in the life of a good woman, I traced it back to the compassionate heart of God, who is our final solace. To what other source can we trace it? Here, truly, is the basis of our faith that God is more than power, more than mind, and that there is a heart of tenderness behind the hardness of life. As often as I stopped to look at the memorial of Margaret MacDonald, I had anew hope in my heart.

to put an abdominal binder on a child. Although use of various drugs does not cure whooping cough, there are many things which a physician can prescribe which will lessen severity of the coughing. In preventing .the spread of whooping cough, everyone must co-operate. If parents know of other children in the neighborhood who have whooping cough, and who are being permitted to play outdoors with children who have not had the disease, the health department should be notified.

M. E. Tracy Says: “PLAY SAFE ” POOR MOTTO NOW

THE current of thought in this country must be changed if we are to escape disaster, much less enjoy a return of prosperity. The relief and economy measures we are adopting are merely makeshifts, serving to shrivel cash, credit, and mentality. It is necessary, of course, to protect people against cold and starvation at any cost, but it must rot be regarded as a remedy. We can not win our way back to good times by assuming that idleness is going to increase,

or, v hat is worse, by pursuing methods which cause it to increase Retrenchment is not the answer to our ills, save as it can be made to liberate capital for work. “ ae The safety of our investments has ceased to be a matter of hoarding cash ana pa\ ing dividends out of a dwindling surplus. Both men and money must be mobilized to win this battle regardless of risk. .* a t Playing Safe Is Perilous Strategy pLAV ING safe has become the most dangerous kind of strategy, especially on the part of those controlling credit. Money is but one phase of our economic system, and fulfills Its purpose only by moving. f . T h( ; tlmc j? a ,s come _ lor us to think of the forces back of money, the factories, fields, and, above all else, the people. We have permitted money to determine values until we think they depend on it. We have last sight of the work, production, barter and exchange which are back of money. can n °t ruin workshops, mills, hotels, mines, farms and office buiiamgs for the sake of protecting cash, without taking grave chances. Industry is, was and always will be the foundation of life from an economic standpoint. Its preservation and stimulation represent our only hope. v If our People were to work, there would be nothing to fear. .. hat put them to work in the first place, or kept them at work through he years? Was it fear, playing safe, or taking advice from expert accountants? tt tt a Courage and Imagination Needed JT was not. Courage and imagination created American prosperity, and they are the only qualities that can restore it. ... Do ' ou the railroad builders, the ironmasters, the automooile pioneers, the developers of electricity and promoters of the telepnone figured the business out before they started? Do you think they were sure of where they would land? This country was built by men and women who dared to take a cnance, and it can be maintained only by the same kind. Surc-thing bets are irreconcilable with human progress. When we reach a point of absolute safety, adventure, romance and experiment will be dead. ’ There comes a time when even the greatest institutions must gamble for existence, when there is no middle course left, no chance of a compromise with Fate. There comes a time when the most stupendous enterprises must rake all their assets together and stake them on one herculean effort.. Histroy is but the record of such occurrence, in some of which the very survival of civilization was at issue.

SCIENCE—” Undying Universe Seen — BY DAVID DIETZ

THE universe may be like a giant accordion, now expanding and now contracting, according to the latest model for the cosmos proposed by Dr. Richard C. Tolman of the California Institute of Technology. Dr. Tolman also believes it possible that the universe may be a “going concern.” destined to keep on going for infinity. I talked with Dr. Tolman, one of the world's chief authorities on relativity and an intimate friend of Professor Albert Einstein, at Atlantic City during the convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His views run contrary to two generally accepted ideas about the universe. The first idea which he contradicts is that the universe is of necessity destined to run down. This idea is based upon the so-called second law of thermodynamics. According to this law, energy tends constantly to run from concentrated to forms. Thus, for example, the stars are dissipating their energy intb space. Sir James Jeans, for example, has compared the universe to a sinking ship. He says that man as he attains greater culture is like a sailor climbing the mast of a sinking ship. For the time, the sailor is going up, but eventually the ship is going down. The second view which Tolman questions is the view of the expanding universe. According to ‘accepted theories on this subject, the universe will go on expanding, its component parts becoming more and more widely scattered with the passage of time with a consequent disruption of the visible universe as we now know it. a a a Applying Einstein DR. TOLMAN arrived at his views by applying the principles Os Einsteirt’s theory of relativity to the laws of thermodynamics. Appropriately, his paper was presented at Atlantic City as the annual lecture in honor of Josiah Willard Gibbs, formulator of the laws of thermodynamics. In his lecture Dr. Tolman pointed out that the laws of thermodynamics were formulated before completion of the theory of relativity. The laws, therefore, apply to the earth, where things happened approximately as laid down by Newton .but they need changes for the universe at large, where things happened according to the formulae of Einstein and not of Newton. We know that a perpetual motion machine is not possible on earth. This is because of the second law of thermodynamics. No machine can recapture the energy dissipated as friction or loss of heat. But in assuming that the universe must run down, scientists virtually have concluded that God did not make the universe a perpetual motion machine. Dr. Tolman is not so sure of that. By applying the laws of relativity to thermodynamics, he shows that the universe need not run down and it need not go on expanding forever. Incidentally, the logic with which he develops the application of the one set of laws to the other is a brilliant and beautiful job of mathematical reasoning. It has all the beauty of a work of art or a symphony. tt n tt Space and Time THE laws of thermodynamics, which Dr. Tolman calls classical thermodynamics, are based upon the older notions of space and time, he points out. When the laws are restated in the form demanded by relativistic theories of space and time, they become different. He calls his new laws the laws of relativistic thermodynamics. In restating the classical laws,

-JAN. 9, 1933

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TRACT

he says that we must take into consideration the facts that according to Einstein, mass of weight changes with changes in motion. We also must take into account the potential energy and momentum of gravitational fields. When we do this, he says, it permits us at once to escape from the old limitations and gloomy predictions of classical thermodynamics. Thus, for example, classical thermodynamics demanded a uniform temperature throughout a system in equilibrium. Os course, once this uniformity of temperature would be achieved throughout the universe, the universe would have run down. But, he points out, that once we take into account the energy of gravitational fields, we see that this uniformity would not be achieved because of differences in gravitational fields. This, he says, makes it possible for processes in the universe to be reversible. Asa result, he pictures the universe as appearing to run down and to expand for a period until a certain stage is reached, when the process would reverse itself. The universe then would wind itself up, so to speak. It would begin to contract and at the same time temperatures would begin to go up. This, he believes, could go on for infinity. Times Readers Voice Views... Editor Times—Result of the contest between the city of Indianapolis and the water company brings before the thinking public the admission of weakness of the people’s government to safeguard the public against the ravages of private monopolies. Presuming this to be a bona fide contest between the political employes of the community on the one side and representatives of the utility on the other, it points to the helpless condition of the people of the city. The community has granted a monopoly to the city water company, with the implied understanding that in return for the right of monopoly the water company will supply water to the citizens at a rate as low as is consistent with fair salaries and a fair return on the investment. The citizens did not grant the right of monopoly to have the very life squeezed from them. Purpose back of monopoly is service, not profit-making. If this were not the idea, a community never would grant any individual or company the right of noncompetition. In this case we have the elected representatives of the community claiming that the monopoly is charging too much and giving too little service. According to the state utility commission, the elected representatives of the citizens of Indianapolis are in error. The interesting feature of the melodrama is the fading picture of a democracy that was, with the gradually appearing picture of a democracy to be. FREDERICK E. JACKSON. Questions and Answers Q —Does an 1883 nickel without the word “cents” command a premium? A—No. Q —ln the football game between the Army and Notre Dame in 1929. how were the seven points made by Notre Dame? A—Jack Elder of Notre Dame, standing on his own 4-yard line, in the middle of the second quarter, intercepted a forward pass thrown by Chris Cagle of Army, and raced ninety-six yards to a touchdown. Carideo kicked the point after touchdown. Q—Name the Governor of the Panama Canal? A—Colonel Harry Burges*.