Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 175, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 December 1932 — Page 4

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STRANGE ECONOMY The proposal of President Hoover’s chief of staff, General MacArthur, to Increase the size of the army by one-third drowns out the administration's talk of economy. Doubtless the general and the President know there is no chance whatever of inducing congress to borrow more money and increase the federal deficit lor any such militaristic splurge. Presumably the proposal is put forward merely for trading purposes—by asking for more, they apparently expect to counter the demands for reduction and thus retain the present appropriation. Such army strategy is not apt to work. Public demand for economy is so insistent that congress can not safely disregard it. Major economies can be achieved only in the major appropriations. Os the three large items in the federal budget, all are for war, past and future. One, that for fixed debt charges (25 per cent of the total), can not be touched. That leaves twoveteran relief f23 per cent of the total) and national defense (17 per cent). All regular legislative and administrative civil functions of the government combined cost less than the army and the navy. Even if most of the civil functions of the federal government were abolished outright, the saving would not be sufficient to balance the budget without army-navy reduction. And yet President Hoover, in a campaign speech, declared against army-navy budget cuts. Roosevelt and the Democrats have not yet committed themselves definitely, although Chairman Vinson of the house naval committee, after seeing the Presidentelect this week, indicated they would not favor cutting more than $100,000,000 from the navy. If this Democratic plan stands, it will, of course, be impossible for Roosevelt to make the 25 per cent cut in federal expenditures pledged by him and his party platform. Veteran cuts by elimination of nonservice connected disability benefits, opposed by Hoover, could not save much more than $400,000,000. But assuming that this veteran saving is made, and that all possible further economies are made in the civil government, a cut in the army and the navy of $300,000,000, as proposed by Senator Borah and others, still would be required. All the Republican and Democratic talk of large-scale economy is bunk unless drastic armynavy cuts are provided. TENURY ON THE HIGHER PLANES There have been plenty of stories about the misery of the masses—those on the breadline, the down and out, and the dispossessed farmers. The “neediest cases” are rather fully and quite justly publicized. But there is another group of sufferers who have been given little attention, except in a few “personal” stories of their fate since 1929. I refer to those who formerly were fairly well-to-do—the upper wfyte collar aristocracy. Their plight is well described by Bishop John Paul Jones in an article on “MiddleClass Misery” in the “Survey Graphic.” He thus summarizes the nature and sufferings of this class: “They are the executives, technical experts, efficiency men, promoters, lawyers, advertisers, managers, and the like. Economic chaos soon sweeps them to the border-line and before long pushes them over. “The kind of readjustment they are called upon to make is heroic. They undergo months of torture before they darken the door of a relief agency. Viewed even from the most hopeful angle, the plight of the formerly well-to-do unemployed is tragic beyond description. “Vast multitudes of them have lost financial security forever. In bewilderment and bitterness, they will seek a sign of hope, and no sign will be given. Some will give up and end it all, but a great majority

Just Plain Sense BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON =-—•-

OOD but socially minded women are almost as "S devastating to the mart power of the country as war or bad whisky or runaway automobiles. They contrive to kill off a good husband because they do not use their brains for thinking. The men wear a haggard look these days—and business worries constitute only about half of their cares. The other half is brought on fcv the tiotting about

they arc obliged to do after business hours by wives who generally are in a fret to keep up their bridge games and who want to dance as often as they did before prosperity disappeared around the corner. Most of this, to be sure, is caused by ignorance. Knowing little about the high nervous pressure which must be endured in the downtown world, a good many women figure

that, after a hard day in the office, a husband should enjoy, above all things, staying up most of the night at a lively party. The minute John comes home, he is told to hop into some fresh clothes, and the gay round begins. Too much liquor is served at all these shindigs. If hostesses did not provide plenty of gin. the probabilities are that the men would all fall to snoring before dessert. As it is. they dine and dance like automatons or wax maudlin with weariness and wassail. moo TkyrEN in times like these need privacy and plenty •*■*•*• of sleep. Os the former, many American husbands get none. Os the latter, too little. After a strenuous day at work, when all his faculties must be alert, a man comes home to the often inconsequential chatter of his wife, who is bored slightly by the monotony of domestic routine, to the shouting of his children, or the screeching of a neighbor's radio. From dawn to dark he has not a moment to commune with his heart, to coddle himself, or to sit quietly with his pipe and a book. The bread winner in every home should have at least an hour of each day to oe alone. This period of peace will gird him about with a strong armor and send him forth renewed in spirit and invigorated in heart. Remember: 'Better a dry morsel and quietness therewith than a house lull of sacrifices with strife."

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKirr-UOW AKD A NEWSPAPER) Owned nnd publinhed daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Timex Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 ents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents —delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rate* in Indiana. $.7 a year: outside of Indiana, 65 cents a month. BOYD GURLEY. * KOY W. EARL D. BAKER. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5531. THURSDAY. DEC. 1, 1932. Member of United Press. Scripps-Howard N'ewgpapcr Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

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MRS. FERGUSON

will go on living some kind of broken and frustrated lives.” The middle class sufferers who have been broken by the depression comprises men of education and culture who have received salaries of from $5,000 to $50,000 a year. Those who have been receiving high salaries should, of course, have saved enough to have tided them over for years, but many ventured unwisely into the market during the “dull” period and have had their savings of years swept away. One former active vice-president of one of the greatest textile‘companies in the country was dismissed as a result of an economy reorganization. Today he is flat, with his Investments lost and no prospect of remunerative employment. Another case is the former manager of a large novelty manufacturing company who received a high salary, lived in a mansion on the Hudson and sent his children to expensive private schools. He has been out of work for two years and his wife now tries desperately to support the family by baking for neighbors. In another case the wife of a former real estate magnate is producing the only income for the family by going out through the city doing ordinary housework. And so on. I have mentioned these as only a few cases, rather better off than most, for these families still are eating without having become recipients of public or private relief. The developments and stages in the economic decline to psychic and material misery are fairly uniform and quite characteristic. The husband loses his job. Ha sets out in the near-hopeless quest for work. The childreh are put in public schools. The maids and other servants are dropped. The wife begins to do her own work. The reserves are used up. Sickness may wipe them out more quickly. The husband borrows on his life insurance, if there is anything left after he has used this source of income to meet margin calls on stock investments. The property is mortgaged, if it has not been already for market plunges. In due time the home is surrendered and the family moves into modest quarters. The wife then begins to take in work, the son sells papers, and the daughter goes out to stay with neighbors’ children. These devices often prove inadequate, and outside relief ultimately becomes necessary. This is the hardest blow of all. The unfortunates must appear before persons they may formerly have snubbed to get the mere necessities of life. And at best the relief given is notoriously inadequate, even for a much lowered standard of living. The situation is bad enough when everybody is sensible and makes the best of a bad set of circumstances. It is intolerable if false pride and hysteria are allowed to enter. WHISTLE OR BELL? Callous as the national conscience seems to have grown toward child labor, the statement issued by a group of prominent Americans for the National Child Labor committee will shock many. “More than 3,000,000 children from 7 to. 17 years of age are out of school, and more than 2,000,000 boys and girls of this age are employed gainfully, while from 10,000,000 to 11,000,000 adults are in desperate need of work,” says this statement. Among the signers are Dr. Mary Wooley, Senator Capper, William Green, William Allen White, ministers, social workers, educators, and others. The statetnent signals a national movement to raise the compulsory school age and to divert this great stream of working children from mills and factories to schools. To keep the public schools open, they also call the nation to Save the education system from the ax of misguided economy. Universal education, we hear, now is “threatened as it has not been in a generation.” Instead of curtailing essential functions, the system must be enlarged to accommodate new recruits thrown out of industry by machines. They demand: 1. The removal from industry of children below 16 years of age. 2. A higher age for school leaving, better organized attendance service, and, where needful, the provisions of scholarships and relief to replace the child's earnings. 3. Promotion of effective vocational and guidance school programs. 4. Maintenance of educational standards and vigorous defense of schools against, unwarranted and injudicious cuts in funds.” Here is a big and courageous program. It will be difficult to realize in full. But confronting the nation is the choice between exploitation or education of its youth, whether it proposes to send its boys and girls to work by the mill whistle or the school bell. If it proposes to remain a democratic nation, it it will choose the school bell. MRS. FROTHINGHAM FROTHS. A woman named Frothingham is frothing over the coming of Dr. Albert Einstein to our shores this winter. Her “Woman Patriot corporation,” whatever that is, has sent a serious sixteen-page brief to the state department, urging that the scientist be barred. She says that he's a pacifist, an affiliate of reds, an advance agent of Trotski and other Russian Communists who soon will follow him into our country disguised as teachers. Mrs. Frothingham’s fellow-citizens are not running temperatures, but are honored that the world’s greatest scientist is coming over to teach them. Just as the ignorant of every age stone their prophets, so they persecute the scientists for upsetting their comfortable illusions. Galileo was, jailed and tortured. Bruno and Servetus were burned. Descartes, Spinoza, and Erasmus were driven to exile. One proof that this is the scientific age is that the worst indignity we offer the man who has revolutionized physics is a petty insult. The National Grange wants congress to inflate ihe currency to raise commodity values. Remembering 1929’s stock market explosion, maybe one blowup deserves another. Portland (Ore.) city officials are going to quit paying insurance on the city's fire stations. Vigilance, like charity, begins at home, they figure. Capital debutantes don't care who gets the cabinet posts so long as they get the inaugural ball.

THE IKDTAN’APOLIS TIMES

There’s More to It Than Just the Honey!

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Mrp rp Q WE SHOULD QUIT NEGATIVE . 1 racy oaysi COURSE IN DEPRESSION, FIGHT

NEW YORK, Dec.. I.—The pound rises on reports that England will pay her December war debt installment. The reason is not obscure. Confidence in England’s ability and intentions has been restored. Those who regarded her position as shaky are answered. The world needs more such an-

swers. There has been altogether too much talk about what could not be done. The pleading of poverty, to get out of ' this or that obligation, has accomplished little but to blind people with fear. It is time that leaders of men began to stress those things which can and should be done.

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TRACY

We have pursued a negative course long enough. The idea of seeking safety is out of place in a crisis like the present. We still are at war with debt and depression. We have the choice of defaulting and suffering the ignominy of defeat, or of going through to the end. tt tt tt Why Admit Defeat? IF certain revisions and readjustments become necessary, they must be made, but why cross that bridge before we know? Why assume that we are beaten, until we have done our best? The physical effect of cancellation of war debts, or even a reduction, would be bad at this time. It would lend color to the

Every Day Religion BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON ===========

OF course, a man must watch his step as he walks about the world. Otherwise, he may stub his toe, stumble and fall to his hurt, or get knocked down by someone else. One is apt to become automatic and absent-mind-ed and step off the curb in front of a car. Or. what is equally likely, he may bump his head against a star, and be stunne- 1 by it. For we live in an encha ed universe, and almost anything may happen. My writing-pulpit, if one may believe our men of science, is more fantastic than “Alice in Wonderland,” and more incredible. On the surface it seems solid and well-behaved, but that is an illusion. Things are seldom, if ever, what they seem. In fact, the atoms and electrons in my table jump about in the jazziest kind of way, giving a continuous acrobatic performance, so they tell me. By all means, let us watch our step in such an un-

Diphtheria Germs Easily Spread — BY. DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN ■ la_:

This is the second o t a series of six articles by Dr. Fishbein on the prevention and treatment >o£ diphtheria. THERE are various ways in which diphtheria may be spread from an infected person to a well one. The germs have been found on the bedclothing, on handkerchiefs, candy, shoes, hair, pencils and drinking cups used by infected children. They are. of course, found in any discharges coming from the nose or throat of children who have the disease, or v! are recovering from it. There are, moreover, healthful carriers of diphtheria who, although they have recovered from the disease, still carry the germs about and distribute them to people who have not had the disease. It is not safe for any one to gamble on the possibility that a child infected with this disease does not really have diphtheria, but simply some mild throat infection. Most of the serious results can be avoided if the child is seen early in the course of the disease

belief that no institution on earth is very safe. That belief already has become too prevalent. Asa matter of record, nothing essential has broken down, especially here in America. We have more people than we had at the end of the war, or even four years ago. They are just as anxious for the good things of life, just as ambitious, just as willing to work. Our supplly of raw materials is unimpaired and our industrial machinery stands ready to function. The trouble is that we have thought too much about relief through curtailment. How can we hope to increase consumption by that means and how can we hope to make room for greater production if we do not? Prosperity always has and always will depend on increased consumption. Leave that out of the picture, and what is there left? tt tt tt System Is Wrong THE whole world is faced with the necessity of doing more, not less. That would be true even if there had been no war. Civilization has made a few people very rich and a large percentage fairly comfortable, but it has failed to provide millions with the most commonplace advantages. The majority of those millions can not be classed as defective or indigent. The system under which we work and live simply has failed to reach them. The manifest injustice can not be corrected by producing less, whether on the farm, or in the factory. Certain commodities and products may be going out of vogue, but that has little to do

predictable world; but if we do nothing else —if we keep our eyes fixed on our feet —we may get along without mishap, but we miss the best part of the show. In talk about books the other day, the President put it in a picturesque manner: “A great nation can not go along just watching its feet.” Maybe that is what is the matter with us in America, and why we are in such a mess, along with the rest of mankind. Busy watching our step, seeking safety first, we do not see the amazing changes taking place around about us, which have made everything uncertain and unsafe; and now we are frightened, not to say paralyzed, with panic about it. Our need is for perspective, to see the passing event against a long background, the better to interpret it. Else, we may not see where we are going, or why, and it may not be important whether we get there safely or not. (Coovrieht. 1932. United Feature Syndicate'

= DAILY HEALTH SERVICE =

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygcia, the Health Magazine and if proper treatment is given immediately. If a child complains of sickness, and particularly of sore throat of the type mentioned, a physician should examine it promptly. A physician should # be summoned immediately if the child complains of swelling of the neck or of any croupy condition with hoarseness. Early attention is particularly important in small children, because 85 per cent of. the deaths from the disease usually occur in the first five years of life. Children are much more likely to catch * diphtheira than are grov n people. Moreover, the disease is likely to get a better start in a child, before it is properly diagnosed and treated, than in the case of a grown-up person. The child should not be released to play with other children until it has been pronounced free from the germ®

with the major problem. We may prefer more fruit and less wheat, but all of us want, and should have, enough to eat. Essential as the bare necessities of life may be, true progress requires much in addition. Luxury, recreation, culture and entertainment are not so unimportant as many seem to think. Their economic value is enormous, while their intellectual effect is bound up with human destiny. The songs we sing, the books we read, and the pastimes we enjoy go far toward determining what kind of people we will become. The work they make, the capital they require, and the energy they create go far toward determining the degree of prospertiy we can expect. We nei/d to think more about new lines of endeavor, new outlets for our surplus strength and cash, and we need to think about them especially as they affect mass welfare, mass happiness, and mass enlightenment.

Questions and Answers

What was the strength of the United States navy in 1914 compared to its present strength? In 1914 the United States had 18 modern battleships, 10 armored cruisers, 22 older battleships, 24 cruisers, 31 gunboats, 9 monitors, 69 destroyers, 21 torpedo boats and 58 submarines. The present strength is 13 battleships, 3 aircraft carriers, 8 large cruisers, 10 small cruisers, 71 destroyers and 65 submarines. Does the United States treasury exchange gold coin for gold bullions? Gold bullion may be exchanged for gold or silver coin or United States paper currency at any of the United States assay offices, located in New York City; Boise, Idaho; Helena, Mont.; Seattle. Wash.; Salt Lake City, Utah; New Orleans, La.; and Carson City, Nev. How many Negros are there in the United States? The 1930 census enumerated 11891,143. Does a blue flame radiate more heat than a yellow one? A blue flame is hotter than a yellow flame, but the yellow flar-e radiates the most heat.

Daily Thought

For we must needs die, and are as water spilt on the ground, which can not be gathered up again; heither doth God respect any person; yet doth he devise means, that his banished be not expelled from him.—ll Samuel 14:14. tt tt tt HYPOCRISY is the homage which vice renders to virtue, —La Rochefoucauld.

Cases are known in which germs capable of causing diphtheria have been carried in.the throats of children who have recovered from the disease for as long as ten months. In more than 10 per cent of all cases, a few of the germs can be found in the throat two weeks after all signs of the disease seem to have disappeared from the throat, and in 1 per cent of the cases the germs still are found in the throat four weeks after the child is apparently well. It is the duty of the physician in charge of the patient to pronounce it well, and he will not wish to do this as long as the germs still are in the throat. Sometimes when the germs persist for longer than three or four weeks it is necessary to use active antiseptics in the throat, and in a few instances the germs have persisted until the tonsils of the child have been removed. NEXT: Importance of early diagnosis.

It Seems to Me: B Y HEYWOOD BRO U N

FOUR men stood up before a New York congregation last Sunday and described their past misdeeds. It was called an “Advent Mission of Personal Testimony.” I am aware that the practice is an ancient one, although more common in rural churches than in the metropolitan area. Moreover, I have no desire'to spoil anybody's fun, and I have no doubt that a good time was had by all. Naturally everybody gets a kick out of having an audience and the privilege of telling (hem

what a devil of a fellow he used to be. And probably the next best thing is listening to somebody else. Particularly if you feel that your turn will come and that you can make the previous speaker's recital of sinfulness seem pretty dim and puny. I would be an arrant hypocrite if I pretended to be shocked by this form of entertainment. If it were not for contract bridge, I probably would spend the greater part of my life in public confession. a a a No Need to Drop a Hat T'VE confessed in the column, over the radio, in magazine articles, -i- on the lecture platform and thousands of times in speakeasies late at night. Whenever three or more gathered together I do not even need the drop of a hat to get going with, “Well, when I was just barely 15 years old it seems there was” And so on until the proprietor comes around and says, “This will have to be the last one, gentlemen and ladies; we're closing the place.” Accordingly, I will admit that the game of sin-swapping can be an interesting indoor sport, even though it does lead to such undoubted vices of lying, exhibitionism, and vain pride. The quart of brandy

It isn't just that "personal testimony” is a frivolous pastime for church mtjmbcrs. There is the additional fact that it panders to man's baser nature and tends to arouse the beast in him. if any. tt tt tt The Saga of Mr. S ween eg I QUOTE from the testimony of a Mr. Sweeney, who is reported in the daily press as saying, among other things: “It wasn't long af‘er that I got a craving for pleasure. I went to dance halls and house parties.” I have a suspicion that at this point some of the reporters began to blush and suppress things in the monolog offered, for the entertainment of the congregation. There is reason to believe that Mr. Sweeney put into the record some pretty snappy things which* happened while lie was zooming around to house parties and dance halls, gripped in his passion for the life of pleasure. And, like all public performers, any horrilbe example is likely to warm up to his work as he goes on. A couple of deep-throated “Amens” of appreciation and he’s set for the evening. “In 1916 I took to drink,” said Mr. Sweeney, “and was at it for twelve years." Now. imagine the effect of such a show upon the younger and more impressionable members of a congregation. Certain of the deacens may be safe from harm. They realize that it is much too late for them to emulate Mr. Sweeney. They had their chance and let it go. But somewhere in that church there sits a boy of 10 or 11. His eyes bulge as the orator of the evening describes the bouts with Barleycorn, the laughter and the lights and the high-jinks of the dance halls. St tt tt , Pretty Soft-for Satan r T"'HE devil always gets his due in these discourses. Repentance and A the devotion to the new life always come a little belatedly. If the speaker is to get proper credit for conversion he must stress the appeal, the stranglehold which sin once had upon him Even the fires of hell hardly can be said to glow so brightly as some of the purple patches along the primrose path. And the little boy sitting in a third-row pew hardly can be blamed if he makes a resolve to live the life of Sweeney, so that he, too. may come to stand before a congregation and have the joy of telling all. It is a double-barreled appeal. Indeed, here is a way of life, it seems, in which one can have his cake and cat it, too. First comes the joy of sin and then the blessedness of remorse. There is no tedium in such a life. But, just the same, I think thac somebody should rebuke clergymen and tell them that in this day and age they have responsibilities somewhat more important than putting on a good show for the parishioners. L (Copyright, 1932. by The Timesl

Compton’s Rise Rapid

PROFESSOR ARTHUR H. COMPTON, very much in the public eye at present, because of his recent world tour to study cosmic rays, was the third American scientist to receive the Nobel prize in physics. The first American was the late Professor Albert A. Michelson of the University of Chicago, in 1907. The second was Dr. Robert A. Millikan in 1903. The third was Compton in 1927. Both Millikan and Compton carried oh the w'ork which won them the award in Michelson’s laboratory in Chicago. Like other Nobel prize winners, Compton traveled to Stockholm to attend the ceremony at w’hich the prize was presented to him. But we believe that he received a bigger thrill from the celebration held in the little chapel of Wooster college, in Wooster, 0., before he sailed. That was five years ago, on Nov. 28, 1927. It was then not many years since that Arthur Compton had marched into that same chapel as a member of the graduating class of Wooster college to receive his sheepskin. And here he was, at the age of 35, back in the town where he had been born and educated, world-famous and acclaimed. Purpose of the assembly was to award him the degree of Doctor of Science. But it really was a family party. a a u Family Present ARTHUR occupied a seat upon the chapel platform, flanked on one side by his mother and his old college "proxy,” President Charles F. Wishart. On the other side sat his father, Dr. Elias Compton, w'ho is professor of philosophy at Wooster, and his brother. Dr. Karl T. Compton, who then was a professor of physics at Princeton. Karl since has become the president of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The audience in the chapel included not only students of Wooster, but many people of the town who had known Arthur as a boy. Dr. Arthur Compton still looks young today. He has an athletic build. A close-cropped mustache helps to make him look like a successful young business man. As in the case of Millikan, you would be inclined to associate him with the business world rather than the academic world if you saw him without knowing who he was. The discovery for which Dr. Compton was awarded the Nobel prize is known in the literature of science as the Compton effect. It is interesting to compare his work with that which won Mi-

always becomes two quarts in the telling, and other evil exploits are magnified by at least the same ratio. But though I stand here as one who openly confesses to the sin of confessing, I have a little self-respect remaining. I wouldn't think of strutting my stuff before a congregation in church. Very possibly the recreational side of religious assemblies can not be neglected wholly. Only the sternest of moralists would deny any pastor his right to hold upon occasion a strawberry festival, an oyster supper, or a talk in the main hall with magic lantern slides. But I think that line must be drawn somewhere.

SCIENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ

chelson the Nobel prize. Michelson measured the speed of light and invented an apparatus known as the interferometer. The interferometer has been put to many uses* It will measure lengths in terms of light waves, an accuracy not to be obtained in any other way. It was used in slightly different form, in the experiment which laid the foundation for the Einstein theory of relativity. In still a different form, it was attached to the 100-inch telescope at Mt. Wilson and used to measure the diameters of giant stars. 4 y n n tt Compton Effect the interferometer operates upon the principle of the interference of light waves. What happens in the instrument, like the original classical interference experiment, can be explained only upon the assumption that light consists of waves. But the Compton effect, for which Compton received the Nobel prize can be explained only upon the assumption that light docs not consist of waves. What Compton did w'as to show’ that when X-rays were scattered or reflected from crystal surfaces, the frequency of the waves became less. Now this was not to be ext>ected in the wave theory of light. There is no reason why a reflected wave should lose energy. But if you regard light as consisting of little packets or bullets of energy, the so-callfed quanta' or photons, you can then explain the Compton effect. A quantum of light or photon, collides with one of the atoms of the crystal. It loses energy by the collision and therefore when it bounces off it has less energy and a lower frequency. The Compton effect is regarded as one of the most important proofs of the quantum theory of light. Needless to say, this puts modem scientists in a difficult position. As one scientific wit said, physicists are forced to use the wave theory of light on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and the quantum theory on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. Dr. Compton recognized the difficulty at the time he spoke in Wooster. He compared the situation to a football game. "The score,” he said, “is still 0 to 0 and the ball is in the middle of the field.” The puzzle, to change similes, is still with us. Undoubtedly, there will be another Nobel prize for the man who can reconcile the two conflicting sets of experiments.

DEC. 1, 1932

Hr BROUN