Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 174, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 November 1932 — Page 6

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THE OTHER ANSWER When private charity fails to respond to the needs of the hour, the only other way is supplying work through public funds. The response to appeals for funds for the relief ofthe needy suggests that the private purses of those who are rated as owners are not as W'ell filled as they might be. Unemployment, which beggars the worker, also burdens the employing class and will soon bankrupt It. Idle men are unprofitable. Idleness hits not only at the man who is jobless but at every interest of the community. The huge fact impresses that our social, industrial and financial organizations are formed for workers, not drones, and break down when large numbers are withdrawn from work. Borrowing money from the federal government for the immediate needs of those without work only postpones the evil day. It is not a solution. It may not even be sufficient for needs. But borrowing funds to put men to work on enterprises that will return something in the way of profit or at least of liquidation is a different matter. This city could use the labor of the thousands who are now out of work. It could use it in replacing slum districts with homes of comfortable character. It could use that labor in reducing fire hazards and thus lift insurance burdens. It could use labor in a way to develop better living conditions. The problem of unemployment must reduce itself to finding work for the workless. If work can be found by private industry, the problem is solved. But this winter, in Indianapolis, the solution will probably be found in the launching of. some project for which funds may be borrowed from the federal government and which will put to work large numbers of men. What is your suggestion as to the most important project which can accomplish two things—give work, and secondly, return a service to the community that will be worth the money? FOR BETTER HEALTH In a nation that spends three and a half billions annually on its medical services, far too many people are ill from preventable illness. This much, until Tuesday, we knew. But Tuesday the committee on the costs of medical care made public its five years’ study and now we know more. We know that Wc are working largely from the wrong end. Os the money spent on health, only 1.4 per cent so” prevention. The great five billion dollar health machine spreads its benefits with favoritism for the well-to-do. With all our advances, any one of the major preventable diseases takes more American lives yearly than did the World war. Tuberculosis alone takes 83,000 lives and maintains a continual sick roll of 630,000. Annual infant deaths are nearly three greater than those of World war soldiers. The general practitioners are underpaid. In 1929, the 70,000 general doctors got less than the 30,000 specialists. The average annual net income of onethird of our 142,000 doctors is under $2,500. There is acute shortage of rural hospitals and doctors, of good dentists, obstetrical nurses, convalescent facilities, adequate public health support. Education costs increase, quackery abounds, the true needs of the people are not being met. A storm is certain to break over some of the committee’s recommendations. The keystone of these is the development in each community of a ‘medical center” for complete home, office and .hospital care, to enable each doctor to maintain the highest standards at the lowest costs. To spread these costs, group payment is suggested, through insurance or taxation, or both. Other remedies include larger government support of public health, co-ordination of city and urban health services, and many suggestions for better trained personnel. The health center and group payment plans will be opposed by some as an approach toward socialized medicine. One minority group of nine sees in them a desertion of the old family physician for mass treatment and corporate medicine. We believe that some such fundamental reform must come, and the American trend seems to be toward insurance rather than state collectivism. The report is timely. The depression has revealed the suffering of the masses. It also has razed many prejudices. On the cleared ground must be built a structure that better will conserve the nation’s health than the expensive and inefficient one we now maintain. The new structure must be built so that the best of medical care may be available to each one of the 125,000,000 of us. DEMOCRATIC REPEAL Speaker John N. Garner is being blamed by some wets for his apparent retreat from the demand for a house vote the opening day of congress on prohibition repeal. We prefer to reserve judgment. The test is not whether there is action the first day, or the first month, for that matter, but that the measure which does pass shall be an honest repeal resolution, unencumbered by dry jokers. It would be far better to wait for an outright measure than compromise on a half wet-dry monstrosity, to force action quickly. What the best legislative strategy may be we do not profess to know. Like the average voter, we are interested in the result. It is up to Garner and his Democratic colleagues to produce the pledged result. Meanwhile, as experienced parliamentarians, they deserve to be let alone to work out the most effective procedure. Snap action by the house will be a futile gesture unless it is co-ordinated with proper senate action. What, if anything, is the Democratic leadership doing along this line? The Hoover dry forces have the support of not a rtw southern Democrats in trying to emasculate the repeal resolution in at least three different ways: 1. To provide a long or unlimited period in which the states may ratify, thus giving opportunity for dry obstruction and political deals in the states to prevent ratification. * 2. To provide the state legislature method, instead of the special state convention method for ratification, which would give the drys unfairly large representaJk

The Indianapolis Times <A SC KIPPS-HO W.\Rl> NEWSPAPER) Owned and poblUhed dally (except Sunday) by Tbe iAdlanapotis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Btreet, Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, 2 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates in Indiana. 12 a year; outside of Indiana, 65 cents a month. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. EARL D. BAKER, ’ Editor President Business Manager • * ■ - PHONE—Riley 5551. WEDNESDAY. NOV, 30. 1932. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit’ Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

tion on a population basis and which would permit general legislative log-rolling to block ratification. 3. To reverse the resolution from the repeal form to the form suggested by the Republican platform—that is, to shift from the Roosevelt outright repeal to the Hoover amendment of the eighteenth amendment to outlaw saloons and retain federal police power and enforcement. Here, of course, is the crux of the issue. On this issue the Democratic leaders can not compromise without betraying their direct and specific campaign pledge. The Hoover plan was rejected flatly by the Democratic convention. The Democratic platform and the candidates definitely committed the party to unqualified repeal and by the special state convention method of ratification, ihe Democratic party and its allies control not only the new congress, but the lame duck session, house and senate. Having the power, the Democratic party is responsible. No dry joker can be put over without Democratic connivance. A DELAY It is becoming evident that the projected treaty between the United States and Canada providing for construction of the St. Lawrence river seaway is not going to receive final action by the United States senate at the coming short-term session of congress. Objectors are massing their strength, and there is in prospect a fight which could not be handled in a session as abbreviated as the coming ore will be. This, perhaps, is just as well, and whether the treaty is ratified or rejected it at least deserves extended consideration. That it could get a full discussion on its merits at a short-term sitting of the senate is doubtful. No harm will be done by postponing the whole matter until, in a full session, the senate can devote to it the time that an affair of such weight deserves. — 1 Vice-President-Elect John N. Garner and Mrs. Garner announce they’ll attend no capital social functions unless Jack s official presence is required. It must be as hard to knot a bow tie in Washington as anywhere else. It s a wonder Greta Garbo wasn’t recognized sooner, despite her disguise. For she was the one woman not trying to look like Greta Garbo. It begins to look as if Notre Dtime’s defeat by Pitt a few weeks ago was just a publicity stunt. George Bernard Shaw declared the substitution of "Mr. Roosevelt for Mr. Hoover won’t make any difference to anybody.” Evidently the eminent playwright hasn’t met Dolly Gann. The hunger marchers who ate dinner first and then took a taxi to the White House showed pretty gooji judgment at that. • • We need (he spirit of adventure in cookery to add zest to cuisine,” says Professor Mary Van Arsdale. Just a matter of taste. The business magnate who condemns whistling on the job makes it a bit tough for the football referees and traffic cops. With 40,000 horses on the race tracks this year, it was just as hard as ever to pick the winner. The ‘‘give a job” movement will get new impetus around Washington, D. C. ( next March. There’s no friend like an old friend—if he can ‘‘fix” a traffic sticker.

Just Plain Sense ■” BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON —= =

'T'HE humblest, but most blessed compensation for X being a woman lies in the fact that when in the dumps you always can crawl out by scrubbing something. ✓ And surely the most pleasant thing in the world Is to wake up some morning with a, passion for taking everything out of the closets or rearranging the china

cabinets or polishing the floors. Nothing is so good for the nerves or the blues as housecleaning. To shine articles that are dull; to scour those that are dingy and to wash those that are dirty—this is to imagine faintly how the god of earth must feel when he sends tempests of wind and rain to wash the long-accumulated dust from forest leaves and prairie grasses. Every woman understands tttis

sensation. No matter what sort of life we lead, all of us have enough of this latent instinct for housewifery to long occasionally for these orgies of renovation. So the business girl will revel in a holiday when she can sit on the floor and take out and put back everything in the dresser drawers, or poke about amid all the odds and ends that have been thrust out of sight for half a year. Almost invariably she will emerge with a freshened spirit, though her body be tired. a a a /"\R suddenly, without warning, one is overcome with a desire to shift the furniture about. Hours are spent pushing and shoving and hauling, in probing into nooks and crannies after elusive bits of dust. And finally, with the fresh, pungent odor of clean corners and polished wood, one sits down amid the familiar worn pieces thit in their altered positions appear as jauntily seductive as new ones might be. The old room has a magic strangeness, but there is the feeling that a worth-whjle day has been spent and one’s heart is at peace wfth life. Cleaning and crying are the two feminine safety valves. To rid our belongings of dirt with pure, clear water and our heart of worries and small hatreds by freshets of tears—these are blessings whose worth is not to be estimated. And they explain why women always manage to bob up with resiliency after and saster. To be able to make dirty things clean—is there any satisfaction like unto that?

NEW YORK, Nov. 30—Cancellation of the Anglo-Persian oil company’s lease intrigues me. It is typical of the age in which we live —an age of miracles wrought by discovery and invention, of gigantic. enterprises born overnight, of politics subordinated to commercial interests, of a wild scramble ror control of commodities that virtually were unknown to previous generations.

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When a man named D’Arcy offered the Persian government $20,000 for an oil concession thirty-one years ago, it was accepted as a gift from heaven, or a lunatic. The boys at Teheran were only too glad to grant Mr. D’Arcy the privilege of drilling all the wells he desired! The chances are that they never had seen an auto, while, like the rest of us, they were ’ sure that men never would fly.

IT is in Sing Sing prison, grim, gray, forbidding, and Warden Lewis is trying, by means of interviews with some of his prisoners, to find out some of the causes of crime. There is no single cause for crime, as he well knows, but he is talking things over in a friendly fashion with the men. The next to be questioned is called “Shorty,” for short, a boy 17 years old, serving a sentence of from fifteen to thirty years for robbery. “You’re asking me, warden?” said Shorty, doubtfully: and when told by the warden that he was in earnest, and that nothing he said would be used against him, Shorty said, after a long pause: “O. K„ then. I’ll tell you. Before I was nabbed for this job, my gang and me pulled off about fifty others, and .fio one ever was caught. Some of us worked and some didn’t. As kids we used to climb over the iron fence of the school yard after school hours, and play ball or something. “That’s how we go acquainted. But one day we were chased out. We had to find another place to meet. There was only one playground in the neighborhood and that always was crowded, so we had to wait our turn to get into the game.

.'yW?*

MRS. FERGUSON

This is the first of a series of six articles by Dr. Fishbein on the prevention and treatment of diphtheria. NO one who has seen a child suffering in the advanced stages of diphtheria and who then has seen the marvelous effects of a suitable dose of antitoxin given early the disease can fail to appreciate what a tremendous blessing this discovery has been for mankind. In a recent novel called “The Marriage of Simon Harper,” by Neil Bell, appears an account of a diphtheria epidemic in a small town in England in the period just preceding the discovery of diphtheria antitoxin. The author depicts graphically the child who is infected severely by this disease. The condition begins with a sore throat and with repeated attempts to expel the membrane that forms in the throat, by spitting. If the disease continues, there are severe paralyses prevent swallowing and which injure the heaft. There comes that period when . i.

THE INDIANAPOLISTIMES

M. E: Tracy Says:

The Persians had been aware of oil for centuries, but not as' we know ii>, or as they know it today. It was with bitumen from the springs of Hit that Nebuchadnezzar cemented the bricks of his palace, but that gave little hint of the Combustion engine and electric driven ship.

TRACY

* Every Day Religion BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON

• DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Diphtheria Antitoxin Is Blessing - BY. DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN ' . -

The Last Line of Defense

Lucky for Britain T)UT $20,000 was $20,000. espedaily when proffered in British coin, and if a man was fool enough to throw it away for the right of punching holes in the ground, why should they worry? They should not worry, and they did not worry, but signed on the dotted line, with four-fifths of Persia covered Sox sixty years on a royalty basis; Things rocked along for a while, much as they usually do in such cases. Mr. D’Arcy explored and peddled, finally turning his concession over to the Anglo-Persian company. This company overreached itself and got into difficulties. It might have failed but for England’s need df oil. Incidentally, that need explains a lot of things that have happened during the last thirty years. Persia, you understand, is on the direct trade route from England to India, whether by land or sea, which makes it doubly de-sirable-as an English oil base. When the Anglo-Persian company ran short of cash it was only natural that the English government should come to its rescue. , That was in 1913, just before the war broke out, and within four years the English government found itself in the position of controlling stockholder.

“ A FTER a while we got tired of T\. waiting and we decided to stir up some fun on the street. There the cops chased us and we found places to hide. We’d have meetings and make believe we were hiding from brass buttons, and so we’d make up lots. We’d rob that person, or maybe kill another. “All imaginary, of course. But we got a kick out of it. Well, one day someone dared us to do a real job. We done it and got away all right. After that it was easy. What did we do with the money? Well, there were craps games, and the poolroom back of the speakeasy. “It was all fun while it lasted,” said Shorty, ruefully. Then he added, after a little hesitation, “But it didn’t last very long. They pinched us and we got soaked.’’ He makes some of the rest of us think hard and fast, wondering why a school yard should have an iron fence, and why there were no more playgrounds to be had. It is not enough to shut up poolrooms and speakeasies; we must open playgrounds, and give our boys a helpful hand. To break up a gang on one street corner means only that it will form again on another corner, or in a back alley. (CoDvrieht, 1932. United Feature Svndicatei

Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine breathing becomes impossible, and finally there is death. a tt o IN an earlier day, when diphtheria took a ghastly toll, the physician frequently would be called in the middle of the night to the bedside of a gasping child. Then he would either suck the membrane from the throat by mouth - to - mouth suction or through a tube if one was available. In severe cases he sometimes opened the windpipe surgically, to permit the child to breathe through the throat beneath the membrane. Then came the great discovery by the German, Von Behring, and by Roux, a pupil of Pasteur, that an antitoxin could be prepared which would overcome the poisons of this disease. Since tha't time, preparations have been developed called toxinantitoxin and toxoid, which can be injected into children early in life and which will give them tarts

PERSIAN OIL LEASE CLASH IS OF WORLD-WIDE IMPORTANCE

Jar for England TJUSINESS grew rapidly in .the Persian oil fields. Refineries were built on the Tigris, and by 1928, production had been brought to 45.000,000 barrels a year, with the Persian government getting more than $6,000,000 in royalties. Though such an amount was far in excess of what anybody had believed possible when the concession was granted, the Persians began to doubt whether it was equitable, or adequate. They might have been persuaded that it was equitable, but the slump of 1930. which reduced it by more than 85 per cent, convinced them that it was not adequate. After protracted haggling, they have abrogated the lease. If they mean business, this act may be regarded as of the gravest importance. If it is just one more maneuver. in the haggling game, it means nothing. England will not give up the advantage and security which the Persian concession involves without a fight. a a a Move Far Reaching A N honestly independent PerT*- sia would cause England little alarm, but a Persia dominated, or influenced, by some other government, would be a source of constant anxiety. It is reasonable to suppose that Persia has genuine aspirations to assert herself, but whether this latest move was entirely on her own motion is not certain. And what is our interest? The same aMt is in Manchuria, or as it was at Sarajevo.

People’s Voice

Editor Times — I AM a Times reader, every day. I want to say that, the Community Fund picture Nov. 17 certainly was a good one. There was a lot of truth in it. I think that every one who has a job should help the kind of people pictured, for lots of mothers and children have no more than bread to eat. You see this mother starving herself to feed her children. I think that every man or ■ woman who has a job should help in some way to feed and clothe such people. I am going to keep the picture. It surely gives a thought to any man or woman who has a heart at all. Thanking The Times for giving people this column. A READER.

Daily Thought

For they that are after the flesh, do mind the things of the flesh; but they that are after the spirit, the things of the spirit.— Romans 8:5. Without a rich heart, wealth is an ugly beggar.—Emerson.

munity, or protection, against being infected with diphtheria. In 1883, shortly after Pasternhad announced ) his discovery of the germ causation of disease, Klebs and Loffler isolated the germs that cause diphtheria. These germs are known as diphtheria bacilli. They hre found in the membrane which appears in the throat of a person infected with diphtheria. • To determine whether infection is present, the physician takes a smear from the throat and sends it to the health department, which then studies the germs to see if they are the germs of diphtheria. By taking a smear, one means merely the introduction into the throat of some soft cotton on the end of a stick, which collects a small portion of the infected material This is deposited on a preparation which permits the germs to remain alive until they can be studied. Next—llow diphtheria is spread. . i. it

It Seems to Me:

BY HEYWOOD BROUN

WHAT has become of flaming youth and the younger generation and “it” and the baby vampire and all the rest of that crew? They have gone. I think, to join the snows of yesteryear.

Every now and then some clergyman thunders against jazz-mad youth and ail that sort of business, and during the last campaign It was considered expedient oy many to talk of the high school hip flask. But my own personal research convinces me that these moralists are barking up

the trunk of a dead tree. Indeed, it is little more than a stump. The age of F. Scott Fitzgerald has shed its leaves and gone to limbo. I seem to hear the tramping of the new Victorians. Tennyson is just around the corner, and Ruskins lurk in every wood. ana A Few Changes in Language 'T'O be sure, this renaissance of an older point of view will not bring X with it all the primness of speech known in the days of the little Queen. But the youngsters of today are thoroughly imbued with the spirit that life is real and much more than tolerably earnest. Nor would I be inclined to josh these reforming roundheads who are now growing up to sit in the seats of the-mighty. The war brought with it a spirit of surrender to threatening circumstance. The fact that ’ tomorrow we die” was an actuality to millions imbued even those far

• Ideals and opinions j I expressed in this j column are those of ; one of America's I most Interesting j writers and are ! presented without j regard to their | agreement with the I editorial attitude of ! this pa p e r.—The | I Editor. + 1

fined to whoop it up during the war era and several years beyond still were on kiddie cars while I was ripening a little slowly into maturity. But even my own day of adolescence was reckless compared to undergraduate temper of today. We did not sit very much to talk of politics, the gold standard, or unemployment. Football loomed much larger than any theory of government or economics. And the lands across the sea were as distant as the meadows of the moon. We had a Socialist club, but it wa# of meager membership and existed, as far as I can remember, for no particular purpose except to stage a tepid beer night once a £ear. a a a When We Were Very Young WE gave our souls to concern and exaltation only when somebody stood up in the Union the night before the Yale game and announced that every member of the team would do or die and that the cheering section should dedicate itself to the same renunciation on the afternoon of the great ordea'l. Red fire burned and cheers rang out, and we swapped atrocity stories about the Elis. I'm told that life in Cambridge went on pretty much the same this year, even after Army won by 46 to 0 and Yale piled up the staggering total of 10. If such disasters had occurred in my day, even the seniors would have been jumping out of windows. I suppose it is in the undergraduate attitude to college football that the new generation first tipped its hand and gave the hint of the revolutionary change occurring among the young people. Alumni at many institutions are aghast, shocked and flabbergasted to their toes by the fact that precious few are ready any more to die for dear old Rutgers. The men on the field play as fiercely as ever, but no longer do the cheering sections burn as the eleven fiddles up and down the field. n tt n It Has Grown Old Fashioned AT many of the larger colleges, the pep talk and the big mass meeting have been abolished. The average student of today would laugh his head off at some of the inspirational athletic talks which we took with good grace and solemnity. The old joke about the college man who expected to take his sheepskin and forthwith go out and tell the world where it got off was always a bit of an exaggeration. Most of us broke through the shell a little timidly, but almost every one had confidence that he would step into some job or other with a living wage or rather more than that. But now our colleges and Universities are filled with men and J women who know that after graduation they can get jobs only by < some rather exceptional break of luck. And, fortunately, we are train-/ ing an army which will not sit patiently in idleness. They will want, to know why. In fact, they are asking it already. And they are thft ones who will answer the question as well as ask it. And so I thirvk their generation is wise not to grin too broadly. After all, the task which they must shoulder is not a laughing matter. (Copyright, 1932, by The Times)

Prize Goes to ‘Disciple’

THE first American scientist to win the Nobel prize in physics was the late Dr. Albert A. Michelson. The second to receive it was Dr. Robert A. Millikan, now chairman of the executive committee of the California Institute of Technology and the director of the Norman Bridge laboratory of that institution. Millikan received the prize chiefly for researches which he had carried on in Michelson s laboratory at the University of Chicago. He once said. “I personally owe everything to the fact that thirtytwo years ago Michelson took me into his nest at the University of Chicago.” On the same occasion, Millikan said, “I believe that the United States has not had in this genera- * tion a greater economic asset than Albert A. Michelson.” It is interesting to compare Michelson with his famous disciple, Millikan. It would occur naturally to Millikan to emphasize in public the economic value of Michelson to the nation. Although Michelson fully realized the economic value of his star disciple, it is doubtful if he would have ever spoke about it. a a a Two Centuries MILLIKAN is essentially a twentieth century product. Michelson. although he led twentieth century science, was essentially a nineteenth century personality. Milikan is at home upon the public platform. He understands the need of the scientist to take a leading role in social and economic developments of the future. Miche'son, for whom science was so much fun and joy in the laboratory, hid in public behind an old-fashioned scientific dignity. My own guess is that he never really enjoyed appearing in public. It has been my good fortune to hear Dr. Millikan deliver a number of lectures and to be with him on many occasions. He looks the very personification of twentieth century efficiency. The smooth order of his steel- j gray hair, the quick glint of his ! steel-gray eyes, the squareness of I his shoulders, the decisiveness of his voice, and the robust spring of his stride, all radiate efficiency. You would not be surprised to find him at the head of a bank or a great industrial plant. You naturally would associate him I with directors’ meetings and con- j ferences. Milikan has shown his organizing genius at the California Institute of Technology. When I visited his laboratory a few years ago, I had the impression of being in a great factory during boom times. There was the hum of in-

from the firing line with a willingness to shoot the works upon the slightest provocation. Here and there wc still find the individual who looks about upon the world and. finding it not so good, hies to an ivory tower. But very much more prevalent is an inquiring turn of mind and a disposition to say, "Something must be done.” In particular, I find the youths and the young women of the colleges very sober in their turn of mind. , I went to school myself some little time after the authentic Victorian age, but I lived in its sunset rather than in the sunrise of the ‘‘younger generation.” The lads and lassies des-

dustry about the building. A great scientist himself, he has surrounded himself with great scientists at the institute. He has made it one of the world’s chief centers for research into the domain of atomic physics. ana Electron Experiment THE Nobel prize was awarded to Dr. Millikan in 1923. He received it chiefly because he had been the first to isolate the electron and to measure its electric charge. His experiments really demonstrated the existence of the electron. According to modern physical theory, the electron is the smallest unit of matter. Matter is made of molecules composed in their turn of atoms. Atoms are composed of electrons. Since an electric current is a stream of negative electrons in motion, the electron is also the unit of electrcity. It is for this reason that the modern theory of the structure of matter sometimes is called the “electrical theory of matter.” In the literature of physics, Millikan’s famous experiment is known as the oil-drop experiment. In it, a drop of oil was permitted to float between two metal plates which were charged electrically. The rate at which the drop fell could be regulated by the potential of the plates. Wlien one or more electrons settled on the drop, the result was to change the rate at which the drop moved. From this, he calculated the electric charge of the electron. The important thing was that the rate cb&nged only by amounts equivalent to one, two or more electrons. The changes were by definite steps, thus proving that the electrons were distinct units. In 1925, Dr. Millikan confirmed the existence of the cosmic rays. Next: Dr. Arthur H. Compton, third American winner of the Nobel prize in physics.

Questions and - Answers

How long does ’it take to travel from New York to Moscow? From fourteen to sixteen days by water and rail, and about seven days by water and plane. Give the date of the Boston Tea Party? Dec. 10, 1771. What salary does the Governor of New York receive? $25,000. State the difference in the duties of an ambassador and a minister plenipotentiary? There is no difference. *

.NOV. 30, 1932

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