Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 171, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 November 1932 — Page 4

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Roosevelt’s Folly President-Elect Roosevelt, in rejecting the Hoover plan for revival of a congressional war debt commission, did not intend to close the door on negotiations, reporters at Warm Springs have been told. He merely wants to prevent any such debt talk leading to action until he becomes President, if then. In other words, Mr. Roosevelt either does not understand or prefers to ignore the fact that the time element is the crux of the issue. With the house on fire, he proposes to wait. With the world and America suffering a dire depression, caused in part by the unsettled debt question, Mr. Roosevelt sees no reason for haste. Let us spell out, step by step, the disastrous delay Which will result from Mr. Roosevelt’s determination to block the President’s proposal for revival of a congressional debt commission—which will result unless Mr. Roosevelt ceases obstruction. First step: The direct diplomatic negotiations with Individual debtors, to which Mr. Roosevelt gives lip service, have taken place. The wholesale revision demands by the debtors, which Mr. Roosevelt says he fears would be Inspired by creation of a congressional debt commission, already have come in formal notes from the debtors and will continue to be received. Second step: As soon as congress opens, the President will report those foreign demands and negotiations to congress, as he must do. The problem then is up to congress. The President has no further power. He can make suggestions, which congress can accept or reject. He will propose that congress provide for a commission to negotiate, which will report back to congress. This is not only the method called for by precedent and by congress control over any debt settlement, but it is the only method that can produce results under present conditions. This is clear from the—

Third step: When the President submits the debtor demands to congress, it must act. It can act positively by reopening negotiations, or it can act negatively by rejecting the Hoover proposal and by pigeonholing the foreign notes. Whether it acts positively or negatively will be determined by the Democratic party, which, with its allies, controls congress. The Democratic congress in turn is controlled largely by Franklin D. Roosevelt. His job as President does not begin uncil March, but his job as party leader already has begun. If he stands on his Wednesday night statement, he wil decree that this session of congress reject the Hoover proposal and ignore the debtors’ demands. That will tie the hands of Mr. Hoover and his diplomatic negotiators. Fourth step: Foreign payments, if made, will depress foreign exchanges, which in turn will make it more difficult for the low exchange countries to buy American goods. This economic blow to American business, plus the psychological effect in further depressing world conditions, will increase financial chao and prolong hard times. If the payments are not made and the debtors default, the effect will be even worse. In either case, the debt impasse and foreign anger will make more difficult, if not impossible, an effective international agreement on tariffs, Japan, and the peace treaties and disarmament. Fifth step: On March 4 Mr. Roosevelt will enter the White House and then, theoretically, be ready to listen to any individual debtor repeat the pleas ignored by Mr. Roosevelt and his Democratic congress in December. But, if the present Roosevelt plan for avoiding an extra session is maintained, congress will not be on hand until autumn or probably until a year from December to act upon any debt plan which Mr. Roosevelt may mature at that time. Sixth step: So, many months hence, Mr. Roosevelt may get around to putting before congress a finished settlement which it has not helped to negotiate and of which it therefore is suspicious—that is, Mr. Roosevelt may get around to such a one-man settlement for congressional rejection, meanwhile most of the debtors already have defaulted, and the economic and disarmament conferences already have failed. Then Republican partisans can laugh at President Roosevelt, as Democratic partisans now laugh at President Hoover. But it will not amuse the American thrown out of work because foreign orders are canceled. It will not amuse the American farmer who can not sell his surplus abroad. It will not amuse the American business man who had hoped for recovery. Indeed, by that time it may no longer seem a clever policy to the Garner wing of the Democratic party, which put this one over on Mr. Roosevelt. All of this, of course, unless Roosevelt awakens to the danger of the course on which he is embarking.

Do Economists Provide Social Leadership? Dean Mcßain laments the general absence of public leadership among the professorate as a whole. This suggests the question of why the professorial economists have been so remiss in coming forward •with forthright plans for mitigating or ending the depression. We have been in the midst of a devastating economic crisis for three years. It was a golden opportunity for the professional economists to seize intellectual leadership when practical business men and financiers proved unequal to their powers and responsibilities. Why did they fail to take advantage of this unique opportunity to enhance their prestige and position? The Nation puts this question up to the economists with blunt directness. Professor Claudius Murchison presents a spirited defense: “There is not a single economist in the world, be he red, pink or liberal, who did not see long ago the infamy of the economic aspects of the treaty of Versailles, or who would defend the present tariff policy of the United States, or who would advocate the forced maintenance of the present forms of competition in the coal industry, or who would oppose public regulation of employment of women and children in industry, or standardization of the working week for mass-production activities, or adoption of workmen’s compensation and old-age insurance.” There might, perhaps, be less agreement among the professorial economists concerning stock speculation, investment trusts, installment buying, public control of electrical utilities, progressive taxation and the like. An example of the "flop" of the economists was afforded by Professor P. W. Taussig in his article on “Doctors, Economists and the Depression” in a recent number of Harpers. Anybody familiar with Professor Taussig's distin-

The Indianapolis Times (A SCSIPPS-HOWAB!) NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indlanapolia Time* Publishing Cos 214-220 Weat Maryland Street, Indlanapolia. fnd. Price In Marlon County 2 cenu a copy; elaewhere. 3 centa—delivered by carrier, 12 cente a week. Mail subscriDtion ratea In Indiana. $3 a year; outsida of Indiana. 65 wnta a monf^ P B^^ LET * BOr £J!, O^ ABD * editor t rewldent Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5551. SATURIXAY. NOV. 26, 1932, Member of United Preaa. Hcrlpps-Howard Newgpaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Assoelation, Newspaper Information Senrice and Audit Bureau of Circulations “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

guished career knows well enough that he could, if he wished, set forth causes and cures of the depression in logic and language that would jar America. The depression gave him the chance of his lifetime. Harpers opened its pages. No better medium for informing intelligent Americans could have been found. Yet we find him taking the most futilitarian of attitudes. Panics, crises, depressions—helpless embarrassment, halting production, dire hardshij>—these constitute the dread disease of the economic body. It strikes rich and poor, deserving and undeserving. Sure as we are in our criticism of sundry palliatives and remedies, we are in no agreemerA about preventives or cure. Therein we are in no better position than the doctors as regards cancer.’* Just why Professor Taussig picked cancer for his analogy between medicine and economics is hard to understand. He could not have meant seriously to imply that he really believes an informed economist knows no more about the cases and cures of the present economic impasse than a doctor knows about cancer. One who digs into the economic writings of Parker Willis, John T. Flynn, Stuart Chase, George Soule, Paul Douglas, G. D. H. Cole, H. P. Fairchild or Harry Laidler will not long remain in doubt. Professor Taussig would have been on firm ground had he chosen smallpox, diphtheria, typhoid fever, or syphilis for his medical analogy. The economists are as clear in their private knowledge of the causes and cures of our depressions as doctors are relative to those above mentioned conquerable and preventable diseases. Professor Tugwell puts his finger on such evasiveness as Professor Taussig exemplifies: It is a mistake to suppose that economists do not know what causes depressions or how to avoid them. They have enough knowledge to generalize from. The difficulty is that they think the cure might be worse than the disease—or at least they have a shrewd notion that no western people would swallow the medicine they might be forced to prescribe. Consequently, they either do not prescribe or they content themselves with suggesting palliatives.”

The Hastings Plan Senator Daniel O. Hastings of Delaware is a conservative Republican, an ex-supreme court justice, an ex-dry. His proposal that the coming session of congress refuse further funds for dry enforcement in wet states, therefore, must be taken seriously. Seventeen states either have refused to enact state enforcement laws, repealed their dry acts or voted by referendum to repeal the eighteenth amendment. Why, asks Hastings, should the federal government spend big sums trying to enforce a law in nonco--operative states where “there never was a chance to make it effective”? Obviously congress should- not nullify a law for the whole country before the country repeals it. But it is neither justice nor economy to keep on pouring enforcement money into states that reject enforcement. To continue to spend upward of $4,000,000, a year on federal “enforcement” in the seventeen noncooperative states is unfair and wasteful. It is unfair to the 45,000,000 people of the wet states to foist enforcement upon them against their wills. These wet states have been bearing more than their share of the enforcement burden for fourteen years now, since they are among the more populous of the nation’s family and pay more into the federal treasury. In effect, they have told the government they want their own money spent on more productive enterprises. It is wasteful, and particularly so at a time when every revenue dollar must be made to work full time for the public good. There is no money in the United States treasury except foi the barest necessities of government. Even now we are heavily in the red, and are borrowing money to run the government and to feed our hungry. Must we rob these essential services in a vain endeavor to enforce an unenforcable law in states that have rejected the law? Governor Roosevelt, say the experts, will have a more important role than President Hoover in the next short session of congress. Maybe that’s the reason, photographer caught Hoover smiling. And when beer comes back there’ll be the problem of unemployed crooks. Holdup men usually take things calmly if their victim happens to be unarmed.

Just Every Day Sense . BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

“nnHE dear ladies,” writes a New York correspond- ( en t on the subject of economic readjustments, have nothing to fear. No matter what label may be put upon their aUotments.in life, the whole works, bag and baggage, is in the palms of their lovely hands.” This is a very familiar sentiment. It is the careless, patronizing male gesture which would have us believe that women in general are a flock of glorified beauties and may have anything on earth for a little coaxing.

Now there are, I admit, a few scattered members of our sex who have been endowed by nature with charm and beauty and wit and who, by skillful use of these qualities, are able to get most anything from men. But please let me remind you that the majority of us are not so fortunate. We are neither lovely, fascinating, nor clever. It is for these that I speak. a m m MANY false theories have been let loose among us. None

ever has done more harm than the one which says that men are motivated solely by a desire to please one Individual woman or that their straining after fame and fortune is done because they want to place these trophies at their true love’s feet. This is a glamorous hangover from Arthurian legend. It has no verification in real life. Because, for every charming damsel whom some great King Midas is throbbing to enrich, there are dozens of faithful, faded, oldish ladies who have bee* abandoned to their fate by these same kings as soon as more glittering lure was spied. The most powerful figures in history have considered women as mere incidents in their careers, notably Napoleon, who is admired so universally by men. So we can not settle questions of economic or social justice for women by the bland assumption that men are susceptible to fairness and flattery, any more than we can say that all is well with the world because Mr. Rockefeller Is not broke.

M. E. Tracy Says:

A Passion for Making Laws Has Led to an Indifference Toward Their Enforcement. NEW YORK, Nov. 26— Repeal of nation-wide prohibition will fall to accomplish what it should unless accompanied by a general revision of statutory law and judicial procedure throughout this country. The eighteenth amendment and Volstead act were not isolated examples of bad legislation. They represent a tendency which has afflicted this country since it was established, and which manifests itself not only in a mountainous volume of rules and regulations, but in such widespread lawlessness as exists in no other civilized land. The criminal record of the United States is disgraceful. We have more murder, theft, arson, embezzlement and forgery to the square foot than England or France has to the square yard. Most of the bill is paid by insurance of various forms, but that does not cover the moral loss. As should have been foreseen, a passion for making laws has led to indifference toward its enforcement. n u Cling to Exploded Idea OUR legislatures spend about half their time these days trying to soften or stultify ridiculous statutes, and what they leave undone in this respect is more than made up for in the laxity of judges, prosecutors and peace officers. The point is, of course, that our legal structure does not square with puhlic opinion or custom. Many of the statutes we adopt are not honestly believed in by the nvjn who vote for them. In many ifttances they are not even understood. We have acquired the habit of turning out law in about the same basis that we turn out automobiles or vacuum cleaners. In the first place, we regard it as a by-product of invention: in the second, as something that can be manufactured, and in the third as a proper com-nodity for mass production. We pride ourselves on quantity rather than quality. Worst of all, we cling to the exploded idea that human nature can be changed by statute.

Suffer Overdose THIS country suffers from a thousand rules and regulations which represent the same philosophy that brought nation-wide prohibition intq, being, and which are producing the same kind of disrespect for government, although in lesser degree. City ordinances, state laws, and even provisions of the Constitution are being nullified in this country without the slightest compunction. In some cases, little or no attempt is made to enforce them. In others, they are laughed out of court whenever such attempt is made. In still others, they are emasculated by conflicting methods of regulationA large portion of the arrests now being made represent nothing but an annoyance to the public. A large portion of the cases tried represent nothing but a waste of public time and money. A large portion of .the convictions obtained represent nothing but an excuse for conscientious people to work for pardons and paroles. The country is being flooded with ex-convicts, many of whom never should have been branded and many of whom never should have been released. This comes from the fact that we are trying to correct the law after it has done the damage, instead of revising it to prevent the damage. The whole system smacks of weakness, hesitancy, and doubt. That is why it does not work any better, and why it needs a general overhauling.

Questions and Answers

Who invented the storage battery and the electric light? The first practical storage battery was constructed by Gaston Plante in 1860. Thomas A. Edison, invented the electric light. It first was exhibited in 1879 at Edison’s Laboratory in Menlo Park, N. J. How is the horsepower of a stream determined? It equals the weight of water in pounds falling per second multiplied by the distance through which it falls in feet, and the product is divided by 550. Water weighs 62.35 pounds per cubic foot. Does water glass dissolve in water? Yes. How long did the war with Spain last? It started April 21, 1898, and ended Aug. 12, 1898. Give the amount and value of corn shipped by Argentina to the United States in 1931? The amount was 339,341 bushels, valued at $135,321. At what time of day did General U. S. Grant die? At 8:08 a. m., July 23, 1885. What is a “vug?” It is a mining term for a rocky cavity lined with crystals. How fast does thought travel? The estimated speed is about 404 feet a second along the nerves. What is the fastest thing known? The electron. Does Cuba belong to the United States? It is an independent republic under protection of the United States by treaty and its own constitution. When was Morris R. Waite chief justice of the United States? Between 1874 and 1888. Who was secretary of war under President Lincoln? Simon Cameron and Edwin M. Staunton. How did the Smithsonion institution at Washington, D. C., gets its name? From James Smithson, an Englishman, who bequeathed his fortune to establish it. What is the atomic weight of oxygen? Sixteen.

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THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BELIEVE IT or NOT

VItLLIAM iron CROSS' ’ CAN BE / Wwr POSSESSED SUCH SENSITIVE Skin WOE WITH ONE CONTINUOUS %% -n, h SNN line without crossing That it was Possible. To write on his Body any other line ~ wth any Blunt instrument See Tomorrows p&pvr " • 1934 KiAf Fcaturct Syndicate, Int* Great Britain rights reserved J||

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE - Sickroom Care Will Curb Infection

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. ONLY a minimum number of all cases of measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, and other communicable diseases can be given attention in hospitals. The vast majority of such cases must be taken care of in the home, and in most instances by the mother. She is concerned with the question of preventing spread of the condition to other children of the family or to other persons. The health officer of Wilmington, Del., recently outlined certain minimal procedures that should be followed by mothers, taking care of children with infectious disease. The room selected for the child should be one preferably in close contact with a bathroom, and one rather out of the line of travel of the people in the house.

IT SEEMS TO ME "gsy

EVERY once in so often I browse among the forgotten works of an obscure American author named Heywood Broun. Nor is “obscure” said with any mock humility. A column of today or tomorrow might conceivably touch upon some aspect of current events and command a hearing. But surely no one will argue that the

newspaper remarks of last year or beyond that time are vital. I have held a mirror up to columns not more than a week old and detected no sign of mist upon the glass. None of this is said in a spirit of complaint. Most of my browsing is not in the nature of a sentimental excursion to old tombs. I go to gather flowers

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rather than bestow them. The very fact that the memory of column addicts is less than that of elephants has enabled me to eke out a stint on several hard days. By doing anew first paragraph and adding a local reference it often is possible to make some pressed flower pass for a blossom just coming into bud. Every col-

Every Day Religion

BY DR. JOSEPH FORT NEWTON

WHEN Mark Twain made his last visit to the Tom Sawyer country, a few friends waylaid him in St. Louis, and gave him a dinner. It was an evening no one can ever forget. The old man was in a dismal mood, full of sad, sweet memories of long ago. In repose his face always was sad, even when he told his best jokes—his humor like white caps on a deep sea of melancholy. After the dinner, Mark Twain preached a sermon, saying that he was as reverend as anybody and had a right to preach if he wanted to. He took as his text a story from the life of St. Francis, his best-loved hero, next to Joan of Arc, whom he called “the foremost member of the human race.” At 12 years of age he saw a loose leaf from a book fluttering in the street, picked it up and read it. It was all about St. Joan, and it started him studying her life, which finally resulted in his book about her, which all the world has read. a a a THE story he took for his text told how Francis said to one of the Brothers in the monastery, “Let us go into the village and preach today.” So they set off down the

On request, sent with stamped addressed envelope, Mr. Ripley will furnish proof of anything depicted by him.

It should be large enough to have plenty of light and good ventilation, and small enough to permit proper control of drafts. Unnecessary furniture, bric-a-brac, pictures and similar materials should be removed from the sick room. Since much infection is hand to mouth infection, the knobs of the door leading into the sick room should be cleansed thoroughly daily. Dishes, bedding, and clothing associated with the sick person must be boiled after use. The room should be kept clean by wiping from time to time with a damp cloth. Dry sweeping spreads dust which may carry infectious material. It sometimes is advisable to purchase cheap spoons, dishes, paper napkins and towels and similar materials which may be, thrown away after the patient recovers. It is preferable that just one per-

umnist numbers anlong his treasures some very hardy annuals. a * a Sacco and Vanzetti BUT today I went back along the paths which wind between the little mounds with one definite object in view. I saw that A. Lawrence Lowell had resigned the presidency of Harvard university, and I wanted to look at the two columns I wrote upon the Sacco-Vanzetti case at the time Mr. Lowell was one of the three appointed by the Governor to submit a recommendation upon the case. Time dulls even the sharpest edge of recollection so rapidly that but for gazing back through the scrapbooks I hardly would have remembered the full roll call of that advisory board—Lowell and Stratton and Grant. I wanted to see if I felt today precisely as I did when I spoke of “Hangman’s House” and earned rebuke in a leading editorial of the Times, which identified me as no better than a bomb-thrower. I wanted to see if in looking back I could capture anything of the rage which led me to tear up my journalistic roots of many years’ standing. A few years ago as I was leaving a hall where I had debated with a Communist, a sympathizer of my opponent screamed at me, “Everything you said tonight gave the lie to what you wrote about Sacco and Vanzetti.” And on very many occasions

Broun

road, arm in arm, talking together in the ecstasy of the spring morning, pausing now to look into the face of a flower, now to listen to the song of a bird. They went through the village and up the hill on the other side, and then retraced their steps to the monastery gate, without stopping. Whereupon the Brother said to Francis: “But I thought we were going to preach today.” . “Ah, we have preached,” said Francis; “we have been happy together in the spring sunlight. We have walked among men, they have seen our joy in God and His world —that is our sermon for today.” All of us felt that Mark Twain was thinking of the kind of sermon he had preached, as he had walked up and down the years. We felt, too that he had preached a good sermon. We thought of Tom, Huck, Becky, Injun Joe, the Duke, and all the rest of the glorious company which he had created for our joy. We remembered his sorrows. and how the death of little Suesy took the light out of his life. Yes, it is easy enough to preach a good sermon, but it is not easy to preach a sermon tl|fct does any good. (Gwyrlsht. 1932. doited Feature Syndicate!

tl'V 7 Register'd V. 8. U JL Patent Office RIPLEY

son bear the responsibility of taking care of the sick child, namely its mother or a nurse. This person should not mingle freely with the rest of the family. On entering the sick room, it is well to put on a gown or a dress reserved exclusively for that room and also to put on a white cap that confines the hair and covers it. This clothing should be taken off before leaving the room and hung up at the entrance. Hands and face should be washed thoroughly with soap and water each time that the person nursing the child leaves the room. Dogs, cats and pets of all kinds are not to ba permitted in sick rooms. When the patient has recovered, all washable clothing from the sick room should be boiled and dried thoroughly in the sun. The room is aired thoroughly for a day.

Ideals and opinions expressed in tbis column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

scrawled postcards and notes have repeated that same charge. “What has become of the fire you had just once? Why don’t you write any more columns like those about Sacco and Vanzetti? You’re getting old; 3'ou’re getting fat; you’re getting soft. You don't care about anything any more because you’ve got a job and a good living.” u n Into the Back of the Book A ND I have not always succeeded A in sweeping these accusations out of my mind. Indeed, when I looked into the back of the book today I did so with a definite purpose of refreshing my spirit and my memory and striking out once more at an old man who did a great wrong. But I decided not to. The fact that Mr. Lowell nears the age of 76 has nothing to do with it. I have aged at least as rapidly during the years between. And it would be quite impossible for me to capture once again a mood in which I wrote phrases which served as slogans on dancing banners in Union If I were back in those days I might say the same things alll over again. In looking at the violence of my expression I was a little surprised, but not in any sense ashamed or apologetic. I meant every word of it. , But I am older and fatter now and much more soft. My whole idea of human motivation and of the nature of the broad road to salvation has changed utterly. No longer do I believe that the fight lies with certain individual tyrants and gross villains. Os course, it is easier to stir up yourself and any within the sound of your voice by directing your attack at some specific personality rather than the environment from which he came. But it is as fruitless and wasteful business as chopping heads from a hydra. a a Along the Abstract Spine BY far it is better to ignore these concrete countenances and find a spot well down the spine into which to stick your knife. There is less joy in combat when you go up against something as abstract as a backbone which has neither a first name nor a last. But that’s the way to win. The cruel and curious decision reached in the case of Sacco and Vanzetti was compounded not out of a conspiracy of three or even three thousand. It capitalized as many complex thing*; as devotion to the war, prejudice against the foreigner, fear of the radical. Burke once said that it was impossible to indict a whole nation. And yet any indictment which mentioned only the four or five who sat in power and neglected the t*mper of the entire Massachusetts community where the trial was held

.1\ T OV. 26, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Able Investigators Disagree in Their Views on the Cosmic Ray. are beginning to winder what will happen when Dr. Robert A. Millikan and Dr. Arthur H. Compton, America’s foremost authorities on cosmic rays, occupy the same platform at the annual meeting the American Association for the Advancement of Science. For the two are drifting farther and farther apart in their view on the rays. They are scheduled, along with other eminent physicists, to take part in a symposium on cosmic rays when the A. A. A. S. assembles in Atlantic City during the days between Christmas and New Year’s. Speaking a few days ago at a meeting of the National Academy of Science, Dr. Compton said, in effect, that he was convinced that the cosmic rays were not cosmic at all, but that they originated in our own at- * mosphere. It was before this same organization at a meeting seven years ago, that Dr. Millikan announced the result of his experiments which brought him to the conclusion that the rays were cosmic, entering the earth's atmosphere from the far reaches of stellar space. Beth Jeans and Eddington, famous British astronomers, have subscribed to Millikan’s view of the origin of the rays, though they disagree with him upon their significance in the scheme of the universe. Dr. Compton, by his new pronouncement, brings the world of science back to the early days of the present century when the rays were known as “the penetrating rays of the atmosphere.”

Climbed Eiffel Tower PRESENT status of the cosmic ray situation recently was summed up by Dr. Thomas H. Johnson of the Bartol Research Foundation, Swarthmore, Pa. Dr. -Johnson is one of the exoert investigators in the field and the Inventor of apparatus used to detect the rays. He says: “Never before in the history of science has there been a subject about which so many able investigators have disagreed.” For the beginning of the cosmic ray story we must go back to the beginning of the century. X-rays, radio-ativity and radium were discovered in the closing years of the nineteenth century. At the beginning of the present century, it was discovered that may mineral deposits and many mineral springs were radio-active. They gave off rays which electrified or “ionized,” to use the technical word, the atmosphere. Scientists began measuring this ionization of the atmosphere which is due to radio-active materials in the earth’s crust. Then Professor Theodore Wulff, a Jesuit scientist, carried his observing apparatus to the top of the Eiffel tower in Paris. The instrument recorded less ionization than on the ground, which was just what he expected. The decrease, however, was not as great as he expected. In 1910, Professor Gockel, a Swiss physicist, decided to go up in a balloon. At a height of 13,000 feet, he found the ionization gz-eater than on the ground. Other scientists tried the same thing, particularly Professors Hess and Kolhorster. They found that Gockel was right

Atomic Birth Cries THE mystery of these “penetrating radiations,” as they were called, remained a matter of concern to a small group of scientists only, until Dr. Millikan made them front page news in 1925. It was Dr. W. D. MacMillan of the University of Chicago, who was responsible for Millikan’s Interest in the rays. Millikan had formerly been on the staff of the University of Chicago. In fact, it was there that he carried on his famous experiment to isolate the electron. Dr. MacMillan formulated a theory of the universe in which space was regarded as a. gigantic factory in which spent energy or radiation was again concentrated into atoms of matter. ivxmM, oCCU fE ed to Ma cMillan and Millikan that perhaps the “penetrating radiations” would bear out this theory. Accordingly, Dr. Millikan undertook their study. “ e an l e convlnce< J that these did out MacMillan’s theory, that they were the “birth cries of atoms taking shape in the far reaches of space, that they were waves like X-rays, only thoLSs trating 6S Sh ° rter and mor e Pene--50 000 mnJ ? r Compton ’ after a 50,000-mile journey to study the 2 s , f , oni the mountain-tops of five countries, is convinced that the ravs ah? S^ ls u ly movln & Particles, probably high-speed electrons movin * the upper atmosphere, generate very penetrating X-rays as a condao 'effect, he think/ be in a^m thinks tllat rays may sun's C“L Way the resu]t °f the m“phe" e* 6n , <: u e st UPO i lh t ' h ' ml '' s borealis or ‘'northern lights” are/^

Daily Thought

. For , P ri t’s HP should keep knowledge, and they should seek the law at his mouth; for he is the messenger of the Lord of hosts,— Malachi 2:7. , ever w as any knowledge given to keep, but to impart; the grace of this rich jewel is lost in concealment.—Bishop Hall. c l u are with _ have been Possible to recruit in the Massachusetts of that day an army of Lowells. Probably you could today. And in that army many of the humble would enlist. Prejudice and passion are not restricted to any set station in life. The poor fish peddler and the good shoemaker were victims of hate. I know that more hate will not bring them back. I think that more hate will mean more victims. I no longer believe That out of even righteous hate we can distil the force to make a world of justice and of mercy. That's my softness, and I’m going to stick to it. iOopyriSit, 1932, by XU* TXamk