Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 132, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 October 1932 — Page 4

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Coolidge Speaks

Calvin Coolidge spoke In behalf of his party's candidate for the presidency Tuesday night before an immense audience in New York City. There isn't a lot more to be said about it. The speech was arranged for the obvious purpose of advertising Coolidge* indorsement of Hoover, the idea being—and probably it's correct—that there are still many Republicans who have fauh in the Coolidge judgment. The former President, of course, didn't .say much. He repeated the orthodox tariff argument that served hts party so well in the years w’hen h*> was advanced, office by office, toward the White House—including his favorite theme of percolating prosperity from the top to the bottom. He defended Hoover's course of action during the depression in much the same language that Hoover himself has used, but, for the rest, his words were his own. He uttered certain profound and incontrovertible truths reminiscent of the Coolidge we used to know so well —as, for instance, “Lincoln and Roosevelt are both dead.’’ All in all, it was a public appearance of vsffue to the sorely beset party he once led. And if in nis description of the poor lowa farm lad w'ho became President happened to describe a .Vermont boy also -neither of them "educated by private tutors"— after all. he was making the speech for nothing, wasn't he? No Politics Here Every citizen, no matter'what his politics or his preferences, should vote this vear to adopt the proposed amendment to the Constitution providing for an income tax. While there is some question as to w'hether such an amendment is necessary, its adoption will take away from any hostile court the temptation to nullify this necessary step when a free legislature and a free Governor passes such a law. Property is very properly rebelling against high taxation. Ow'ners of farms and homes and factories are being crushed by the unjust distribution of the tax burden. Tax strikes, which are really revolution, are being urged by the men w'ho hav* real estate. To save their property, they are advocating the closing of public schools and parks, and the cutting of wages of policemen and firemen to the level of “made work'’ jobs. The real reason for the protest lies in the fact that tax dodging is prevalent among those of huge incomes derived from other sources than real estate. The one way by which the tax burden can be distributed on the basis of ability to pay is through an income tax, properly drawn with a distinction between earned incomes and those received from Investments. Ability to pay is the just standard of taxation. It is the only basis on which money for government ran be raised and permit private ownership of real estate to continue. At the coming election, paper ballots will be provided for a vote on this question. Unless a majority otf all votes cast in the election vote on this subject, Ihe amendment will be lost. Income tax clubs, rather than organizations named lor candidates, could do a real service. The Mooney Moral Ernest Jerome Hopkins, reporter w'ho covered the Mooney-Billings trials and who now tells the story in his new book, says the real issue in these celebrated cases is not Upp punishment of tw’o innocent, men, It is "the easy conscriptability of government" by privateers for private ends. This, indeed, is what makes the California affair so important. Tom Mooney and Warren Billings are not the first nor the best men to have gone to jail unjustly. History is soaked with the blood of innocents. But Mooney and Billings are this nation's outstanding examples of what can happen when our courts abdicate in favor of powerful interests or permit themselves to be swayed by the changing storms of popular passion. These two men could be any one of the 120.000.000 of us. imprisoned because Interests or classes that don't like us can command the courts to put us away. As Hopkins points out, the same sort of thing happened in Ludlow', at Centralia. at Boston. It easily can happen this winter to desperate and hungry men, unless our officials are wise and just and temperate. We should make it our business to prevent other Mooney and Billings cases in America, to maintain a government too strong and too honest to be made into a tool of any group. Slicker Diplomacy An attempt to ram more American imperialism down the throats of the Haitians is being made by the state department,. Diplomatic correspondence between the two governments, which the department made public Monday, shows that it still is trying to force Haiti to ratify the shameful September treaty, despite the unanimous refusal of the Haitian assembly. In this new exchange of notes, the state department repeats at great length its professions of friendship and desire to get out of Haiti at the earliest possible moment. But it flatly refuses to change the treaty provisions which permit prolonged American dictatorship over the colored republic. Thus the treaty, and the American notes concerning it, are not only imperialistic, but also hypocritical. And the hypocrisy is probably even more offensive to the Haitians than is the imperialism. To paraphrase the famous remark about Gladstone, the Haitians are not surprised to find an ace up our sleeve, but they do object when we say the Lord put it there. The part of the treaty to which the state department gives much emphasis is that providing for withdrawal of the American receiver general of customs and financial adviser now and for withdrawal of the United States marines not later than Dec. 31, 1934. But. as we pointed out a month ago. and as the Haitians themselves were quick to discover, other provisions of the agreement nullify those nominal withdrawals of American rule. Regarding the marine withdrawal, there Is this # binding joker: “It is realized that it might prove impossible to carry out this program at the times fixed if serious disturbances or other difficulties in Haiti now unforeseen should arise to prevent its execution" Os course the state department remains the judge of whether “other difficulties"—whatever 'lhey may

The Indianapolis Times <A aciurrs-Howakd newspaper) Owned and published dally (except Sunday! by The Itidiinapnli* Ttmea PnWfshlng Cos.. 214-2*o West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents a copy; elsewhere, .1 renta—delivered bj carrier. 12 cents a week. Mali subscription ratca in Indiana. s.l a year; outride of Indiana. 5 cent* a month. BO i D HURLEY. i ROY W HOWARD. RARE D BAKER Editor * President Business Manager PHON E—Riley V.M WEDNESDAY. OCT :? 19)3 Member of United I'rosa, gcrlppa-Howard Newspaper AH'anee; Newspaper Enterpriaa Association, Newspaper Informalion Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.” v

mean—necessitate indefinite American military occupation when the time comes. To,be sure, the receiver general of customs and financial adviser, are to be withdrawn. But, according to a protocol to the treaty, they must be replaced by an American fiscal representative and deputy fiscal representative, with virtually complete control of customs and internal revenues. These new’ financial officers, of course, are to be nominated by tne President of the United States. The alleged justification for this imperialism is that it protects American bankers holding Haitian bonds. But if the state department is going to try to set up an American dictatorship everywhere American foreign loans are endangered, it will be sending American marine and financial receivers to rule most of the world. This American policy in Haiti is one reason the Japanese militarists do not take us very seriously when w’e protest their conquest of Manchuria. Unlike the Japanese, w’e are not violating treaties, but that is not much consolation to the Haitians, whose sovereignty we have destroyed. The Destitute Czar Samuel Insull, fleeing from the criminal courts, tells Greek policemen that he is destitute. True, his influence in Indiana still remains and fixes the price of electricity and gas. Only a few’ weeks ago, his attorneys guided the special session of the legislature away from laws that might have helped the citizens of this state to free themselves from unjust prices on such necessities. It is also true that in many villages and cities are men. women and even children who look at scraps of paper they thought were w-ealth and find that they are worthless. But the destitute czar apparently has money to hire airplanes in which to fly to countries which have no treaties, He still receives thousands of dollars by cable. He protests that, all that he has left is a pension of SIB,OOO a year. He calls that destitution. Before you weep in sympathy for his advertised poverty, it might be woll to think of the thousands who lost their money in the bubbles he blew, the thousands who have lost their savings in his ventures. It will be better to drive from public life those who served Insullism so slavishly when he rode the waves. AV hen the Wage Earner Votes (An Editorial in “Labor”) As the campaign comes into the home stretch, appeals to the so-called “labor vote" become more frequent and clamorous. The wage-earning voter—when he is allowed to earn a wage—seldom, if ever, has been courted so ardently. However, some candidates and their backers try to scare the wage earner with threats; and threats and promises alike should be disregarded. Two simple rules will enable the voting worker to choose right: 1. Judge a candidate by his not by promises or party slogans. ‘ 2. Don't be bluffed or scared. In 80 per cent or more of the important election contests this fall, one of the two leading candidates has made a record in some office, and that record may be secured by any worker interested enough to ask his union for it. Promises, especially just before election, are feeble things; but records count. If a candidate has played fair with labor—voted to put taxes on the shoulders best able to bear them, tried to curb injunctions, supported measures calculated to make life kinder to the poor—vote for him w’ithout even asking his party. If he has played the game of (he privileged interests and acted as little brother to the money bags, vote against him with the same indifference. More than any campaign since 1896, this one is marked by efforts to put fear into the workers. In the Wisconsin primary, this attempt was as brazen as the. work of Mark Hanna. . Usually, it is more subtle; just a plain hint that unless the election goes as the bosses want, the worker now employed will lose his job, and the man now out of a job never will get one. Your friends don’t threaten you. Never forget that. Only those who hope to get some person.W advantage out of your vote resort to threats—and their gain nearly is always your loss. Call the bluff—not with words, but with votes. Ts democracy is to endure, it must be saved by those who go to the polls to vote their best judgment, intelligently and unafraid. Labor-saving devices, says President Hoover, havebrought a large increase "in what we popularly call technological unemployment." And all the time depression sufferers thought they were just “out of a Job."

Just Every Day Sense

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

NOBODY knows for sure whether prosperity is just around the corner, but we all know that winter is: the third winter of want and unemployment for millions df our people There will come concerted calls for charity subscriptions. Community Chest campaigns will begin and the public press will carry pleas for generous giving. Those who still have something—and fortunately many do—probably will increase their donations. They must. But there is need for a finer charity than that of the purse this year. The heart of America must be moved as it never has been moved before, if we are really to help those who are up against the desperate problems of continued want. And when the heart truly is moved, hands and brains, as well as pocket books, must be requisitioned. It is worse than senseless for us to go on doling out these contributions, immense though they be, if we do not soon set ourselves to the task of speeding up employment, of giving, not bread only, but jobs and self-respect to those who have them no longer. st st tt IFOR one do not feel proud of the millions we have poured into funds for the poor. For I am ashamed that we ever could have mismanaged our economic system so that such a thing is necessary. I know that we pat ourselves bn the back because we are so open-hearted, so generous, and so fine. We have astounded the world with our capacity for giving. and how grand and noble we felt over that! But is it really anything for which we should preen ourselves, especially when the poor increase always along with the contributions? For we have materials in our hands to give every’ man some kind of job, and a land so vast that every individual could possess a little plot of earth for a home, yet millions have literally nothing. Surely we dare not boast of our intelligence or common sense in the face of this fact. We owe the poor and hungry more than bread ftnd shelter. We owe them opportunity and the pride they have lost. * If all our men and women were half as generous with their time and interest as they are with money, there would be no nped for Community Chests, for we would have a world without much poverty.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy! Says; *

Think of Christopher Colum* bus When You Speak of “the Danger That Goes With Changes .” NEW YORK. Oct, 12. -Speaking of . the danger which goes with chance, of the higher v V dom which never “rocks the boat," and i similar ideas, what about Christopher Columbus? Kis contribution to human progress was based on utter defiance of geography as taught by the greatest scholars. Had he been trained to think by them, instead of by sailors, would he have had the inclination or courage to dream the wild dreams he did? There is peril in education when it becomes subservient to theories or systems. Columbus was lucky not to have fallen under its inflr*?nce, and the world was even luckier. This greatest of modern revolutionists grew up just ignorant enough to be bold and imaginative. His mind had not been stifled with the folk lore of fear. He could look at the oval of the sky with unmarred vision, or speculate on the prospect of land to the westward w’ithout being disturbed by the wild tales of a “jumping-off place.” . He could listen to the yarns of voyagers without feeling that they were the vaperings of a lower, illiterate class, and winnow them without being bothered by the sophistries of higher learning. an tt We're Still Skeptical FROM the distance of more than four centuries, we find it easy to see the greatness of Columbus, but we see it as a curious fact, rather than as the evidence of a principle. We are no more favorable to men of his type than were the people of : fifteenth century Europe. We are tolerant of explorers in the field of geography, because he left us no other choice. We are glad to send out expeditions to the polar regions for the hope, which his great achievement left us. When it comes to other fields, we are both scared and skeptical. We want no radicalism in economics, or politics, even as far away ar> Russia. We look askance at new I ideas, especially if they threaten to j disturb things. o u u New Ideas Essential ideas are not always good, -I n but they are essential, unless j we are prepared to stagnate, and , how can we leave the way open for i good ones without tolerating the other kind? Liberty means nothing unless it j gauarantees, and encourages the j right to think, and the right to I think is not confined to the printed page of soapbox oratory. All that we have and are is but! the result of thought. Some of the ! thought has been translated into songs, some into brick and stone, I some into law, and some into machinery. Our banking system is just an ! accumlation of ideas. We never i oauld have developed it without i allowing them to accumulate, and! we can not improve it in any other way. The same thing goes for all systems. but systems are dominated I by the instinct of self-preservation. I When they reach a certain point, they want to stop, barricade themselves and play safe. a a A Fight With Systems THE struggle for existence, as we call it, is not wholly a matter of meat and drink. To a large extent it has been characterized by one battle after another with system—system that has grow’n powerful, abusive, and unafraid. This is not true of all the systems under which we work today. | Some of the still are in the experi-: mental stage and, consequently, im- | proving. Some, on the other hand, [ have grown stagnant with sycophancy. It is not easy to tell to which class a system belongs. The people’ cf the fifteenth century Europe had i little notion that belief in a flat! earth was obsolete and obstructive until Columbus proved it. *

Questions and Answers

Can congressmen send all their mail without paying postage? The franking privilege extends only to mail which relates to their official duties or the business of the government and on private 'correspondence they are required to pay postage. What color is “titian?” An auburn shade, lighter than dark red, with a saffron hue. Who founded the Chinese republic? Dr. Sun Yat, Sen. who died of cancer March 12, 1925, at Peking. What is the relationship between the offspring of first cousins? Second cousins.

Daily Thoughts

I have blotted out, as a thick cloud, thy transgression, and. as a cloud, thy sins; return to me; for I have redeemeed thee.— Isaiah 44:22. Prudence is the knowledge of things to be sought, and those to be shunned.—Cicero.

m TODAY SY' IS THE- vs WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARV °?%&£

GERMANS IN RETREAT October 12 ON Oct. 12. 1918. the Germans fell back on Champagne front from Laon to the Argonne and the French drove forward on a seventy-five-mile front from LaFere to the Argonne. Americans and British captured vast quantities of ammunition in* th tt Bohain region. Germany replied to President Wilson’s note, partially accepting his peace terms, but asking for a mixed commission on evacuation of \ invaded territory.

iYTY i Qor \ / (/ \, C W'7 "fetF - ' V 7 ’ .' •" " 7.;'"

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE ‘How to Live’ Told in Simple Rules

BY rR. MORRIS FISHBF.IN, Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgela. the ' Health Magazine. DOCTORS so often are asked for “a simple set of rules for health" that countless compilations of hygiene rules have been the result. The rules vary from a half dozen to a score, but one set combining thoroughness with brevity is the work of Fisher and Fisk in their volume "How to Live,” which now has passed through some nineteen editions. These rules are as follows: I. AIR 1. Ventilate every room you occupy. 2. Wear light, loose, and porous clothes. 3. Seek outdoor occupations and recreation. 4. Sleep outdoors if you can. 11. FOOD •V Avoid overeating and overweight. 6. Avoid excess of high protein foods, such as flesh foods, eggs; also

IT SEEMS TO ME

THE “late” James J. Walker has become an “ex.” And if the trial at Albany had been pressed in its logical conclusion, it might even have been possible to refer to Jimmy as the mayor of New York once removed. But now is the time for all good men to come to the question of "So what?” By dint of large expenditure and dogged effort certain earnest individuals havp removed the playboy from the picture. It was a famous victory. And what good came of it? If you’re asking me I should be inclined to answer "Precisely nothing.” In that high seat where once James sat upon occasion, allowing for stress and strain and the confusion of daylight saving, there will soon be the rather more portly figure of Surrogate John P. O’Brien. The Republicans have still to decide which straw man they choose to animate, and it is distinctly possible that Morris Hillquit may make a brilliant run for the Socialists. And yet no realistic-minded reporter can get away from the strong conviction that the Tammany convention handed Mr. O'Brien not only a. nomination, but an election. Franklin D Roosevelt, who was bold in dealing with James J. Walker, is not quite up to the requirement of slaying a dragon every day. Party harmony has been restored, upon the surface at least, and Frankie and Johnny and Herbie will pull for the show. The strange bedfellows of politics are not inclined to kick one another in the shins. a a u The Next Best Thing TIMMY WALKER didn't get his J vindication. He was induced by Mr. Curry to take the next best thing. He is going to get his bandages and balm by proxy. After all, it hardly can be considered a stingtmg rebuke for the ad ministra &i on - whi ch - was when a gentleman from the selfsame group

How Will it Go? The quadrennial struggle forrontrol of the government is in full blast. Who will be elected President? Straw voters, political experts, newspaper correspondents, campaign managers, and about everybody else in the country is busy trying to figure out the possibilities and probabilities. Your guess is as good as the next fellow's. Our Washington Bureau has ready for you a helpful bulletin on presidential elections since ’7B9—giving the popular and electoral votes for each candidate for President and Vice-President, for every party that has ever run a candidate from the first election of George Washington down to the Hoover-Smith battle in 1928. When that argument ccmes up as to how badly defeated some candidate was back in the fifties, the sixties, or the nineties.’ this bulletin will settle the question for you authoritatively. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE 1 Dept 202. Washington Bureau Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue. Washington. D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin Presidential Elections Since 1789. and inclose here with 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: ✓ NAME STREET AND NUMBER % CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

There’s Many a —

excess of salt and highly seasoned foods. i 7. Eat some hard, some bulky, some raw foods daily. 8 Eat slowly and taste your food. 9. Use sufficient water internally and externally. 111. POISONS 10. Secure thorough intestinal elimination daily, more than once. 11. Stand, sit and walk erect. 12. Do not allow poisons and infections to enter the body. 13. Keep teeth, gums and tongue clean. TV. ACTIVITY 14. Work, play, rest and sleep in moderation. 15. Take deep-breathing exercises several times a day. 16. Keep serene and wholehearted. It is doubtful that any physician would disagree with most of these precepts. There are probably two, however, concerning which there might be some difference of opinion. Rule No. 10 says that evfTy one should have thorough intestinal elimination more than once each day.

nv HEYWOOD bi BROUN

is chosen as the successor. It is merely a march around the backdrop in which the familiar figures appear once again. t . Mr. Curry has been compelled to shift puppets while crossing a stream, and if you think that is a triumph toss your hat in the air. I’ll keep mine on and sit this one out. It is entirely fair to make some estimate of O'Brien and to assign him to his role in the municipal scheme of things before he has had a chance to make a move. I never saw- the man or heard of him, but dimly, and yet I am not inclined to w'ait and say, “Give the piccolo player a chance.” The nature of the part assigned to John P. O'Brien is so certain, sure and inevitable that there is no need of delay. When the first stone of the first pyramid was hauled into place, it already w’as ordained that Mr. Curry would reach into a high hat and produce John P. O'Brien. And if it didn't happen to be O'Brien, it would have been somebody so much like him that the difference would have been purely academic. tt /r tr Tammany True to Its Own THE old flag never touched the ground. One brave has been shot from under the organization, and another is ready to take his place. Mr. Curry must love the O’Briens, because he has made so many of them. The trick is simple. A little dust, a little rainwater, and one strong puff, and in that trice you have a surrogate, a borough president, a mayor, or whatever you choose to call him. Mr. Curry is vepy kind in bestowing offices, emoluments, and honors. All he keeps for himself is the power. And I have a sneaking admiration for the man. Upon numerous occasions I have read in the papers that Mr. Curry w’as on the run and that

A large number of competent observers of the activities of the human body disagree with this idea, and feel that once each day is sufficient for the majority of people. They say that every one differs in his physiology, so it is better to accommodate conditions to what is normal for one's self rather than try to make every human being like every one else in relationship to body functions. Rule No. 15 suggests deep breathing exercises several times a day. This might w’ell be characterized as a health fad. There is no doubt that thorough ventilation of the lungs is desirable. However, careful studies made of marathon runners did not indicate that the excessive breathing In which they must indulge by their exercises improves t.heir vital ca- | pa city beyond that of people generally. Apparently the ordinary activities ;of life, provided one is not still j most of the time, are sufficient to ; ventilate the lungs of the humafi ! body for all ordinary purposes.

Ideal* and opinion* expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

the forces of righteousness had him eight up and only nine to go, sixtyfive to nothing and thirty seconds to play, forty love and five to one, but on each occasion Mr. Curry has come up smiling. The trouble is that he know’s his business and that the forces of righteousness are such terrific muggs in handling their owm affairs. Not Quite Bright PRACTICALLY all nonpartisan, fusion and independent movements for civic betterment are based upon the wholly erroneous idea that if some double-dyed villain ran be stopped and checked and thrown for a five-yard loss the whole proble of government will be solved. They swarm around a Jimmy Walker and he goes dow’n, but before he falls he slips the bajl to an O'Brien or a Hennessy, and the Tiger march dow’n the field continues. There will be no change until reformers learn that they are not dealing with individual errors and audacities, but with a full-blow’n. functioning system. And more than that—with its roots and causes. I do not even think that, all that is wrong with us municipally would have been solved by the selection of a Joe McKee I do not think that any good thing politically can come out of Tammany Hall. And I mean the old Tammany, the new Tammany, the Tammany of 2:30 o’clock this afternoon, and of 100 years hence. Tammany has its saints and its sinners. For the organization it is no trouble to show goods. And for the city of New’ York there is no hope of relief until we come to the w’ise decision that we will not take a Jefferson, a Jackson, a John P. O'Brien, or even a Hylan as long as he is ‘‘organization.” Tammany is Tammany, and that is all we know or need to know. (Copyright. 1932. bv The Times i

People’s Voice

Editor Times —Some advocate the repeal of the drv law in the name of temperance. What do they mean by temperance? What plan have they to insure temperance if the dry law is nullified? The wets offer nothing better for this law they would repeal, only to open the gates and let liquor flood the land. They can not stop the leaks by tearing down the dams. The saloon must not come back. How’ well we remember how the saloon building was located with an eve to trade and well advertised. There was a front entrance for the general trade and a side or family entrance for the timid or to carrv out the helpless drunks. Here many men cashed their checks and spent mest of their wages To attack the saloon and then in the same breath to ask for repeal of the eighteenth amendment is poppycock of the first order. Legalizing liquor never will bring back prosperity. Let us not forget that economic depression has hit the nations of the w-orld which have legalized liquor as hard as it has hit us. The liquor business did not n’-event the depression in other nations. The wets will not gt th eighteenth amendment repealed if

-OCT. 12, 1922,

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Mathematics. ‘ Queen of Sricnees," Is Foundation Stone of Scientific Structure. nnHE foundation stone of the sci- | ■*- enufic structure ts mathemat- ! tea. The engineer can build skv- - scrapers or suspension bridges or autos or airplanes because his laws j and formula are stated exactly in mathematical terms. And so. no one will qtiarrel with Professor E T. Bell for having j named his little book about mathematics. “The Queen of the Sciences " The bock. 138 pages long, is on? of a number of SI books published by Williams A: Wilkins in their “Century of Progress Series.” to commemorate the Chicago world j fair, which opens in 1933. Dr. Bell is professor of mathematics in the California Institute ot j Technology. In the opening chapter of the I book, he tells where he obtained the | name for his book. A century ago Gauss, the great mathematician, as- : ironetner and physicist, wrote | "Mathematics is queen of the sciences and arithmetic the queen of ; mathematics. “She often condescends to render ' service to astronomy and other natj ural sciences, but under all circum.stances the first place is her due." Whether as history or prophecy, Gauss’ declaration is far from an overstatement.” Professor Bell tells us. “Time after time in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, major scientific theories have come into being only because the very ideas in terms of which the theories have meaning were created by mathematicians years, or decades, or even centuries before any one foresaw possible applications to science n n Riemann's Geometry AP proof of his contention, Prof, Bell cites the theory of relativity of Einstein and the recent attempts to describe the atom as a pulsating sphere of electric energy the so-called theory of wave mechanics. The development of Einstein's relativity required the geometry of Rirmann, published in 1834. and the theory of invariance developed in thp last half of the nineteenth century. chiefly by Cayley and Sylvester. The theory of wave mechanics, although not yet ten years old. finds its roots in a mathematical theory developed in the early part of the nineteenth century, thp so-called theory of boundary value problems. Einstein’s theory of relativity, as Sir Oliver Lodge once said, better might have been called a fundamental theory. For. contrary to the oft - repeated, but meaningless phrase | that “Einstein has proved that | everything is relative,” the theory is ! just the opposite. It is an attempt to get, behind ordinary observations and measurements, which are relative to the ob- | server, and to find out what in the universe is fundamental. n a Traces Back to 1801 THE theory of invariance, developed in the last half of the nineteenth century, introduced the concept of certain things remaining j unchanged in the ceaseless flux of l nature. And this theory, in its turn. Prof. Bell tells us, can be traced back to (the purely arithmetical work of Gauss in 1801. But though all branches of science benefit by the advance of mathematics, Professor Bell points out that mathematical advances are the most, important when the mathematician is "inspired bv the art of mathematics rather than by any prospect of ultimate usefulness." “However it may be in engineering and the sciences." he says, “in mathematics the deliberate attempt to create something of immediate utility leads as a rule to shoddy work of only passing value.” n A Golden Age THE last 100 years, according to Professor Bell, have been a golden age of mathematics, in which advances have been more prolific than in any century in history. So vast has been the increase of mathematical knowledge in the last century that few men would presume to claim more than an amateur's acquaintance with more than one of the four major divisions of modem mathematics," he savs. So specialized have various fields of mathematics become, he adds, that at the average mathematical meeting, it, is a rare mathematician who can follow more than six cf fifty papers presented. Professor Bell has some caustic, things to say about the mathematical training which the ordinary person gets in school. He points out that the geometry taught is 2,200 years old. The algebra is a little newer, at least one Item being so recent as the year 1653. Only she students who go to college and embark upon scientific or engineering courses, make the acquaintance of calculus, a H hough calculus has been called “the most powerful instrument ever devised for scientific thought." a a PROFESSOR BELL believes that any bright boy or girl’ of 16 could master the calculus “in half the time often devoted to stumbling through Book One of Caesar's Gallic War.” The reader who would like some general, notion of what modern arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus and other branches of mathematics are about, will And Professor Bell's little book well worth reading. He won t always find it as easv to read as a detective thriller, but most of the time he will find it pquallv thrilling thp Deople don't want it repealed. The people should know that the Constitution can not be changed by popular vote or by referendum but by two-thirds majority in both houses of congress, followed by ratification in three-fourths of the states. So if the good people do not Want the prohibition law changed, get i out and vote for the dry men. Playing up the weakness of enforcement does not prove & thing against the law. Prohibition is not a failure and will be enforced when public officials take seriously the oath of office. . C. C HARSHBARGER j Ladoga, Ind.