Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 130, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 October 1932 — Page 4

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The Watson Tragedy There Is something pathetic In the campaign now being waged by Senator James E. Watson for reelection to his post. After thirty years in congress, he asks to go back on the plea that in the closing hours of the last session, by parliamentary strategy which Senator Couzens called trickery, he secured the passage of the home loan bank bill. That is his message. That is his song. The value of the bill may or may not be debatable. It may do all that he says it will. It may prove to be as futile to help the homeless man secure a home as its critics assert. But even if it be all that Watson says, what of his plea that he should be returned because of his activity in its behalf? That bill is now a law. Nothing that he can do nor fail to do will make any difference in its operation. He finished when he secured some jobs on this board for former critics and pacified dissenting elements in his party by this patronage. The tragedy of the situation is that in thirty years Watson can point to nothing but an eleventh-hour effort as an excuse for remaining in office. The tragedy is that at the end of his long career he has but one law to which he has linked his name with which he can point with pride. The comparison, for instance, with the record of the late Senator Beveridge makes the situation even more pathetic. Beteridge was known because of his courage in fighting against child labor, and goes down into history as one of the great men of all time in this nation. He made his fight against the influence of great wealth and powerful interests. It required no courage to champion anew bank which had the backing of very great aggregations of wealth. And as long as Beveridge lived, Watson was found fighting his presence in the senate, and politicians accredit the attitude of Watson with the final defeat which Beveridge met when he attempted a return to public life. Beveridge was great because he took a stand with the Progressives against the standpat Old Guard, which represented vested interests and wealth. He stood for men. Watson now' appeals for votes because he took part in the establishment of anew bank to loan money to other financial institutions. He is to be found fighting for a higher tariff on sugar. Then the people discovered that he had been sold stock in a sugar company in return for his unsecured note. He had the nerve to laugh at the disclosure and declare that the note was worthless and the stock was worthless. But the hideous fact remains that Watson expected the stock to gain value by the tariff measure and to gam money without risk. In this campaign he deserted the sound plea that he had opposed and would oppose the immediate payment of the bonus. On that question Watson stood for the best interests of the nation. He helped to stay a tide of evils that might easily have wrecked the credit of the country. His opponent, Fredrick Van Nuys, has announced himself in favor of the bonus. There was a clear cut Issue, not perhaps great enongh to make the people forget the long record of Watson, but an issue on which Watson was in safe territory. Instead of that he prefers to play to the veterans by recollection of his vote in favor of the bonus over the veto of two former Presidents and endeavor to beguile the mistaken service men with a weasel promise that they will get their money “as soon as the government can pay.” The inference is plain that he expects that time to arrive far ahead of the date when the bonus is due. Aside from a pledge to increase tariff rates, just what reason does Watson give the voters for sending him back? Is it the hope that In another thirty years he may once more do something commendable? Farm Loans and Surplus The administration has adapted its 75 per cent wheat moratoriums to a plan to help cotton farmers, and it temporarily may ease the burden of debt under which these southern growers groan. The wheat moratorium, as pointed out at the time, wes discriminatory. To exclude all other farmers from this relief was unjust. Now the administration, under pressure that was inevitable, has brought forth this new proposal to help the cotton south. It reaches deep into the problems of the cotton surplus, and thus its wide ramifications are somewhat threatening. President Hoover permitted wheat farmers who borrowed from the department of agriculture to withhold repayment of 75 per cent of their loans this year, and to give agreements for mortgages on future crops to secure the unpaid balance. This would give these farmers, in deep distress, a little money to provide food and clothing this winter. But anew scheffie has been arranged for cotton farmers. It calls for grower-debtors to put up their cotton as collateral for their loans. The government will accept it at 9 cents a pound, and the farmer will pay storage and other Incidental charges. The owner may sell his cotton at any time prior to March 1, 1933, and the department of agriculture may sell it at any time after that date. If the price received in either of these sales is less than 9 cents a pound, plus the incidental charges, the cotton farmer must pay the balance to make up the full amount of his loan. If, however, the price is greater than 9 cents, the farmer will get the difference. This proposal will permit him to sell his remaining cotton, not put up as collateral, to provide money to run him and his family through the winter. The cotton trade evidently will not like that part of the plan which provides for the cotton to be put up with co-operatives or in federal bonded warehouses; out this is in line with the government’s appropriate policy to strengthen these organizations of farmers. The farmers might not like being forced into a ipeculative deal, which this new scheme certainly is. The government, through the federal farm board, already is holding off the market its hundreds of thousands of bales of "stabilization" cotton, and cooperative cotton also is being withheld. Meanwhile, the prices are but slightly better than before, and far below those of a year or two ago; storage charges have been mounting. So now, approximately a million more bales of cotton will be added to these vast government stocks; and the time for the showdown is no nearer. President Hoover, in his Des Moines speech, confessed the Inadequacy of the “stabilization” policy of

The Indianapolis Times (A ■ CRIPFS-HOWABD NEWSPAPER) Owned and publUhed dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Time* Publishing: Cos.. 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cent* a copy: eliewbere, 3 cent*—delivered by carrier, 12 cent* a week. Mail *nb*criptlon rates in Indiana. $3 a year: outside of Indiana. 65 cents a month. BOYI) UL’KLEY. BOY W. EARL D. EAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5581 Monday, oct. io. 1932. Member of United Press, gcrlppe-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Aatoclstlon. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

his federal farm board, a system long condemned by economists and the cotton trade. He said, as every one knows, that the weakness of the system is in the damaging aftermath which accompanies disposal of these products bought and stored to peg prices. The cotton that the department will receive through its new plan comes under this head. It ’Elps Them The American Civil Liberties Union, in asking mayors and police In our large cities to set aside places for public meetings without permits, is doing our democracy a great turn. Without absolute free speech during the coming months, our nation will be much like a boiler without a safety valve. A story is told by Robert Hunter, illustrating the attitude of England toward those who want to aid their grouches. It happened in Hyde Park, London, where men are allowed to say anything at any time, under protection of the law, A soap-boxer was ranting about Victoria, England’s queen, and denouncing her in terms shocking to the American’s ear. Nearby a bobby stood, listening and doing nothing. “Look here,” Hunter protested to the bobby. “Why do you let that man talk that way about your queen? Why, in America, we wouldn't let him speak that way about any woman!” “Oh,” replied the bobby, “it’s all right. It don’t ’urt er, an’ it ’elps ’im.” A Happy Comparison Dry Methodists, meeting in Atlantic City, are told by one of their committees that the cost of enforcing prohibition is .043 cent per capita, “less than the price of a glass of beer.” On the basis of 120,000,000 people in this country, that would add up to something over $5,000,000—a large enough sum, wets and drys know. But the per capita statisticians of the Methodist conference evidently didn’t concern themselves about the loss of respect for law and the Constitution, the crime and the loss of human life that must be counted, along with other high economic losses, in any calculation of the cost of enforcing the dry laws. Their assertion that the per capita cost of enforcing the dry laws was less than the price of a glass of beer was a happy comparison. For, if beer were legalized and taxed justly, this cost would be eliminated, the government's revenue would be increased largely and some of the nuisance taxes—which will take a great deal more than .043 cent per capitamight be repealed. We believe the country would prefer spending its .043 cent for a glass of beer, rather than for enforcing stupid police regulations that have no place in the Constitution. The West’s Dilemma Dr. Elwood Mead, chief of the bureau of reclamation, has presented a problem of vital interest to the far west and little understood in the east. It is the problem of the irrigated districts, whose costly works are threatened by depletion of the reclamation fund, their own reduced incomes, and other causes. The situation in some of the western valleys is desperate. Areas like the Arkansas valley in Colorado, Salt Lake valley in Utah, the San Joaquin valley in California and others face the stark possibility of reverting to the desert. If they do, millions of dollars invested in works will be lost, millions in cities and towns will melt away. Opposition of eastern farmers to added federal money for western reclamation aid misses the point. These threatened areas are not seeking to expand and increase their acreages in competition with the east. They are trying to save their investments. This means also saving public money, through conserving taxable wealth. The reclamation fund has been depleted by lowered income from its oil royalties and other sources. Dr. Mead estimates that, while this fund will yield $3,000,000 in 1933, as much as $10,000,000 is needed. It would seem to be good business for the government to help save these farm homes and settlements. The Prodigal Daughter Mabel Walker Willebrandt has returned to the Hoover hearth, and all seems to be forgiven. But where, in these lean days, will they find a fatted calf? A robot that was being exhibited the other day fired a gun in the general direction of its inventor. Just another temperamental actor. A New York society woman, divorced at Reno the other day. was single for five minutes before being married again. Yet orators spend hours telling us about the wonders of liberty.

Just Every Day Sense By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

A CONTRIBUTION to Americana has been compiled by Mrs. Margaret Sanger. It shows us possible genius warped and dead and happiness flown. Strangely enough, in this book, “Motherhood in Bondage,” the author has written little. The volume j of 431 pages is composed of letters she has received from men and women from all parts of the country. And I assure you that they make the lovelorn column look like a comic strip. There are heart throbs, but nothing so feeble as the palpitations of the 16-vear-old who is alarmed about her schoolboy sweetheart, or of the bride who fears her husband does not love her enough. Instead, they are bits cut from the raw and bleeding hearts of American fathers and mothers, who are up against the hardest problem of human life —how to keep from bringing babies into a home already overfull and where these is little bread. U M tt IT is not a pretty subject, but it presents a condition that, however much we may wish to ignore it, looms Defore every poor married couple in the land. After reading these thousands of heartrending letters, you may wonder how we happened to become aroused over Mayo’s “Mother India,” when our own child marriages are so numerous and our mothers are murdered by excessive childbirth and hard work and starvation. It is very easy to philosophize about birth control and its evils, especially if you are sitting in an easy chair with plenty of food in the cupboard. But it is not so easy to explain this philosophy to a 35-year-old woman, who after eight childbirths. Is expecting another; whose health is broken, and who sees long years of suffering and poverty ahead of her. This book brings to you all the concentrated anguish, misery and despair of men and women caught in a cruel trap. To say that God desires they shall thus sufler is to repudiate divine compassion.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy

Small Debtor Adopts Idea That He, Too, Is Entitled to “Moratorium XTEW YORK. Oct. 10.—I have Been talking quite a bit of late with small tradesmen—clothing merchants, garage operators, hardware dealers and the like —trying to get an idea of what this depression has done to business at the bottom and what those at the bottom expect. Almost without exception, these small tra men say that business would not so bad if they could get the mon y due them. They say that price and wage declines have balanced each other to a fairly reasonable extent and that, though unemployment and relief work make traveling pretty rough, they could get along if collections were not §0 bad. They say that while many people can not pay, they find a constantly increasing number who won't. They say that anew kind of attitude is developing toward debt, which, in their opinion, goes back to the moratorium proposed by President Hoover for the relief of European governments. They say that it is getting to be quite common for debtors to bring up that moratorium when pressed, and to argue that what is good for France and Germany ought to be good fer an American citizen. * a New Thought Planted IDO not pretend to know how widespread such an idea has become, but I can not believe that it is confined to the limited sphere in which I travel. I am very much afraid that all this talk about “ability to pay,” and especially this haste to relieve debtors before they even asked for it, has planted anew thought in the minds of some people. Neither can it be regarded as a very illogical thought. Why should the poor devil at the bottom get less consideration than the poor devil at the top? If the government can afford to extend the time of payments for billions, why can’t the merchant do likewise with regard to hundreds, or even thousands? European governments say they can't pay, and we take their word for it, not only writing down the original amount they owed, with one exception, but giving them a year's grace, if not more. European governments assert that, even so, we are not losing money, because of the exorbitant prices we charged them for goods during the wa~ boom and post-war boom. Not too great ingenuity, or straining of the conscience, is required for an individual swamped with old debts to reason the same way. n tt tt Apply Idea to Selves I HOLD no brief for the frame of mind to which this reasoning leads, but neither do I hold the statesmanship blameless which gave it the cue. We have a plot of debt to deal with in this country, as well as among the nations—a plot which has been ramified and complicated by extravagance, installment buying, and the careless extension of credit. Many of our people have been as badly overloaded as was Germany or the allies. All this should have been thought of as an inescapable phase of our resounding negotiations. Their psychological effect should have been weighed carefully, especially because of the depression. Our leaders should have assumed that their methods and conclusions would be accepted by many people, not only as sound with regard to foreign obligations, but as indicating what should be done with regard to domestic obligations. People down below can not be blamed for accepting the ways of great men and great institutions as their guide.

Your Questions Answered You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby, Question Editor, Indianapolis Times Washington Bureau, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, enclosing 3 cents in coin or postage stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice can not be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. All letters are confidential. You are cordially invited to make use of this free service as often as you please. Let our Washington Bureau help with your problems. •

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U. S. FLIERS IN BIG RAID Oct. 10 ON Oct. 10, 1918, Americans pressed forward after their aviators, during the night of Oct. 9, performed noteworthy feats. An expedition of more than 350 American planes bombed many towns. Only one man was lost. The British pushed their lines to the banks of the Selee on a tenmile reach between Solesmes and St. Souplet, capturing Le Cateau. North of the Aisne, the French gained the plateau of Croix-Sans-Tete and crossed the Aisne canal near ViUers-en-Prayeres.

Daily Thoughts

Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report: if there be any virtue, and if there be any praise, think on these things.—Colossians 1:8. Few men have virtue to withstand the highest bidder.—George Washington. Do males or female predominate in the United States? The 1930 census enumerated 62,137,080 males and 60,637,966 females.

‘ They’ve Got to Stop Kicking My Dog Around!’

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Diet Important Factor in Pellagra

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. THE available scientific evidence indicates that the condition called pellagra, which is widely prevalent, particularly in southern portions of the United States, is related to certain deficiencies in the diet. Os these the chief deficiency seems to be in one of the active components of Vitamin B. However, it is possible that there are other dietary deficiencies also related to some of the symptoms of this disorder. The late Dr. J. Goldberger of the United States public health service conducted extensive experiments which seem to have established definitely the nature of the dietary deficiencies. In one of his studies he made exact records of foods eaten by families in certain mill villages in South Carolina. It was found that certain families in which pellagra was prevalent dis-

IT SEEMS TO ME Bi ’ H broun D

P RESIDENT HOOVER had hard luck. Or if that isn't the entire explanation, the Democrats have managed to outsmart him. Whenever he has come forw r ard to make a speech during the present campaign, there has been a news item on the other side which completely blanketed his performance. Somebody in the Roosevelt camp—and it might be Mr. Farley—has an excellent sense of news values. The gentleman in the White House may be a great engineer, but he is a mighty poor press agent. The last time he aimed at display space on the front page he missed because Franklin D. Roosevelt was trying James J. Walker. Some of the Republican editors complained, on the ground that it wasn't sportsmanship to crowd Mr. Hoover out of the center of the stage in that way. This time it was even w'orse. For weeks there had been advance publicity about the manner in which Mr. Hoover would take the stump and strike terror to all his adversaries. The bold stroke was to be a personal apearance in lowa, where of late the administration has not been popular. Enormous pains were taken with the speech. And, as speeches go, it was a pretty good speech. tt tt * God and a Few Marines I SUPPOSE it is not irreverent to say that practically all candidates receive some help in preparing their public documents. In the case of a certain mayor of New York of several years ago, it was necessary not only to write the speech, but to spell the longer words phonetically so that he could pronounce them. He was so dependent upon these prepared scripts that on one occasion at a patriotic banquet he astonished all listeners by declaiming, “What we need is more of the spirit of one-seven-Seven-six.” Mr. Hoover pronounces certain

Some You Never Heard of Do you know how many political parties are running candidates for President and Vice-President this election? Unless you are particularly well-informed andhave followed the news closely, there are probably parties in this campaign you never heard of. Can you name the Socialist Party candidates; those of the Communist Party; and can yon name the candidates of the Socialist-Labor Party, the Farmer-Labor Party, the Liberty Party, the Prohibition Party? Our Washington Bureau has ready a bulletin on THIRD PARTY CANDIDATES, that gives interesting facts about the lives and careers of all these men on all these party tickets—men running for office when they know they have no chance of election. Do you want to know who they are and all about them? Fill out the coupon below and mail as directed: CLIP COUPON HERE Dept.l99, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin on THIRD PARTY CANDIDATES, and enclose herewith five cents in coin, or uncancelled, U. S. postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. NAMJT STREET <fc NUMBER CITY STATE I am,a reader of The Indianapolis Times (Code No.)

ferea markedly in their consump- j tion of milk, fresh meat and vegetables from those families which I did not suffer from pellagra. Other observers suggested that! the disease is seasonal, but appar- 1 ently this seasonal condition is due j to the fact that certain foods are, not as easy to get in some seasons! as in others. Observers in Florida recently have made studies of the family dietary in one of the counties in that state. They looked into the kind of food eaten by those families in which I there were cases of pellagra and; contrasted it with the food eaten! by those families in which pellagra! did not appear. Both types of families seemed to have plenty of food, in fact, far more calories than are necessary for adequate growth, but this probably was considerable wastage of food. The first contrast was found in the use of milk. The families in which there was pellagra used from

standard English words most imperfectly, but it is only fair to assume that he does make a considerable contribution to his own manuscripts. Yet gravely do I suspect the alien hand of some more accomplished writing man in the first paragraphs of the Des Moines address. The boyhood reminiscences, the torchlight procession, the assassination of Garfield—all have the flavor of a professional stylist. Indeed, I think that there is the distinct suggestion of the helpful collaboration of Will Irwin, though I must admit that this merely is surmise. However, there is nothing wrong in summoning help for a speech, and the Des Moines document promised to attract nation-wide attention and move some to greater regard for Herbert Clark Hoover. What was my astonishment upon picking up the morning papers to find the big Republican gun played up as something secondary even in the columns of administration papers. The size of the type and the headlines upon another story suggested that some fair city had been ravaged by an earthquake or that Henry Ford had come out for light wines and beer or some other epochmaking episode from the journalistic point of view. tt tt tt Actually Shook Hands I LOOKED and found “A1 and Roosevelt Shake Hands.” The papers were quite right. That is much better than “They broke the prairies into homes and independent living. They worshiped God; they did their duty to their neighbors.” In fact, I am minded to interrupt Mr. Hoover’s tribute to his parents and grandparents by saying, “Like father, like son.” He has in his own right broken the prairies all over again. Os course, it wasn’t just the hand-

one-third to one-fifth the amount of milk used in general by the families that did not have pellagra. The next difference was in the succulent vegetables. Here again the families with pellagra used far less of succulent vegetables than those in which there was no pellagra. On the other hand, in those families in which there was pellagra the diet consisted largely of cereals, particularly wheat and corn. Both groups seemed to use equally fats, sweets, meats, and fish. Milk long has been recognized as valuable in prevention and treatment of this disease and unquestionably the succulent vegetables provide large amounts of the materials necessary to overcome this disorder. There was evidence of a distinct seasonal variation in the supply of milk and succulent vegetables, an indication of the necessity for making sure that these are made available in the seasons when they are not secured easily.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those ol one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

shake. It is reported, although not officially confirmed, that A1 called Franklin “You old potato.” Naturally that is big n-ws. It would have been news even if A1 had locked all the doors and drawn the blinds before he shook hands with Franklin D. Roosevelt. St tt tt A Nice Night for It AS things were he chose the right time for it. The flashlights boomed, the cameras clicked and everybody cheered and shouted, and all the telegraph instruments went crazy as reporters sprang to arms and wrote “Lead all” upon their copy. And about that time a tired, harassed man was standing in Des Moines saying, “Let us be thankful for the presence in Washington of a Republican administration.” It didn’t seem to matter. It was just one of those things in the case of which the night editor says: “I suppose we’ve just got to use some of this Hoover speech. He's still the President, isn’t he?” A man from Mars very well might be puzzled by it all. The problems of the nation are not likely to be solved by the fact that A1 shook hands with Frank. Nor, for that matter, is Mr. Hoover’s gratitude for Republicanism in the capital going to feed the hungry. The voters of America, the mast irresponsible folk in the world, are going out to the polls to decide whether they want to have in the White House a potato or a parsnip. (Copyright. 1932. by The Timesi

Questions and Answers

Where was Napoleon Bonaparte born? On the island of Corsica. By treaty, the sovereignty over Corsica was sold to France by Geneva May 15, 1768, just one year before the birth of Napoleon. Because Napoleon was born under French sovereignty, his nationality was French, though by race he was an Italian. Is Paris generally recognized as the world’s greatest fashion center? Yes. How many persons were killed by auto accidents in the United States in 1931? Approximately 34,440. Can a Filipino become a citizen of the United States? Not unless he has served for at least three years in the United States navy. Name the smallest of the better known stars? Proxima Centauri. WTio plays the part of “Miss Crabtree’’ in “Our Gang Comedies?” June Marlow. Name the leader of the dog team that carried diphtheria antitoxin to Nome, Alaska, in 1925? Balto. Name the owner and president of the New York American baseball club. Jacob Ruppert.

OCT. 10, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Cosmic Ray Puzzle Still Is Unsolved, Despite Scientist's Lony Tour. T>ROFESSOR ARTHUR H. COMPTON is back on the campus of the University of Chicago, after a trip from the equator to the Arctic Circle in search of information about cosmic rays. Any reader who hoped for a solution of the cosmic ray puzzle Immediately upon Dr. Comptons return is doomed to disappointment. In fact, Dr. Compton complicates the situation more than ever by saving, “The rays do come from high altitudes, probably from outside the earth, and possibly from interstellar space, though it still is as good a guess as any that they may emanate from the earth's upper atmosphere." By that statement, Dr. Compton brings us back to the early days of t 1 - present century', when what now' are called cosmic rays were known as the “penetrating radiation of the atmosphere.” To appreciate the meaning of that earlier name, we must delve a little into cosmic ray history. In measuring electrical charges, scientists use a piece of apparatus known as the gold-leaf electroscope. This consists of two thin strips of gold leaf hung inside of a glass jar. Ordinarily, the two leaves hang vertically. But if an electric charge is communicated to them, they repel each other and stand out at angles, forming an inverted “V.” a a tt Millikan's Work A GOLD-LEAF electroscope can be discharged very quickly with the aid of X-rays or radium rays. If allowed to stand, it will discharge slowly. Now many years ago, physicists calculated that the rate of discharge ought to be slower than it was observed to be. This was true even when the electroscope was encased in a thick layer of lead to protect it from stray radiations. This fact led to the notion that there must be a “penetrating radiation of the atmosphere” capable of penetrating the lead. The existence of such rays finally was confirmed by the brilliant experiments of Dr. R. A. Millikan. He was positive that the rays came in equally from all directions and therefore did not originate in the atmosphere, but came in from interstellar space. Dr. Millikan also was positive that the rays consisted of waves like those of X-rays, only thousands of times shorter. But now Dr. Compton, back from his extensive journey, emphasizes tw'o results of his survey which do not fit in with Dr. Millikan's theory. The first is that the intensity of the cosmic rays is less near the earth’s equator than near the magnetic poles. This, he says, tends to indicate that the rays are electrical in nature and are not pure waveforms. The second is that intensity of the rays apparently increases continuously at the higher altitudes, probably reaching a maximum at the top of the atmosphere. This, he says, also is an argument against the pure wave theory. >t a a The Entire Globe DURING the last year Dr. Compton has made cosmic ray measurements at sixteen sites. At the same time, six other expeditions worked under his general direction. Os these six, three have completed their work. When completed. the survey will cover the entire globe. Dr. Compton, himself, made measurements in the Rockies, the Swiss Alps, Chicago, the Hawaiian islands, aboard a ship in the equatorial Pacific, in New Zealand, Australia, Panama, Peru, Mexico City, Manitoba and the Fox basin of Canada. The Fox basin is at the edge of the ice pack, 100 miles north of the Arctic circle. The three expeditions which have reported were headed by Professor R. D. Bennett of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Professor J. M. Benade of Punjab university, and Allen Carppe, engineer, who was killed climbing Mt. McKinley in Alaska. Bennett’s expedition made measurements in Alaska, California and Denver. Benade’s expedition visited Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Singapore, Tibet and India. The three expeditions which have not yet reported are those of Dr. E. O. Wollan to Spitzbergen and Switzerland, Dr. A. La Cour to Copenhagen and Greenland, and Professor S. M. Naude to Mt. Winterhock, South Africa. In his travels, Professor Compto” covered 50,000 miles, from latitude 46 degrees south to 63 degrees north. He crossed the equator four times and visited five continents.

W’hat states did Smith carry in 1928? Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Rhode Island and South Carolina, having a total of 87 electoral votes out of 531. How can celluloid be cleansed? Rub it with a woolen cloth and a little tripoli, and polish with a clean woolen rag. Salaratus is also recommended as a good cleansing agent. Name the president of Switzerland? Dr. Giuseppe Motta. About how many earthquakes are there annually? One authority suggests that, including slight tremors, there are approximately 30,000, but there is no actual record of the number. W’hat European countries maintain diplomatic envoys at the Vatican? Austria. Bavaria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia. France, Germany, Hungary, Yugo-Slavia. Monaco, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Spain and the United Kingdom. What was the popular vote for Hoover and Smith in the 191S election? Hoover, 21,392,190; Smith, 15,016,443.