Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 107, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 September 1932 — Page 6

PAGE 6

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A City of Neighbors Some city will take the lead this year in earning the title of a City of Neighbors. That city will be the first to learn that real entertainment can be had without money if people learn to be neighborly. That city should be Indianapolis. The problem of food, shelter and clothing will be solved by sharing. Those who have will be compelled, either through taxation or contribution or volunteer donation, to care for those who want. The bigger problem will be the employment of idle hours and leisure time. That will be a problem for those who have no jobs at all and who must have some release from the incessant burden of worry and care. It will also be a problem for those whose reduced incomes will not permit indulgence in the usual forms of relaxation. The conditions will deflate a lot of very bad traditions that have been built up since the days of the little red schoolhouse and the lonely winters upon the farms. In the past few years most people have forgotten how to find any amusement without buying it. Instead of playing baseball, men have paid to see others play ball. Instead of using their own imaginations, they have paid to watch the film or the stage. The big danger is that when men, women or children are condemned to idleness alone, they get into a mood where they soon either jitter to themselves or Jab at someone else. Wholesome amusement is the big insurance against both jittering and jabbing. The one way out is to organize for neighborhood gatherings where neighborliness will find its own relaxation and amusement without cost. It will probably be more wholesome amusement. This is the winter to organize neighborhood groups for fun and for entertainment and for such informative purposes as each group desires. The old day of the debating club of the country school may come back. There can be neighborhood _ dances. There can be reading clubs. There can be contests between neighborhoods in debates or singing. There Is a place in this city for every one, no matter how old or how young, to belong to something except the human race and American citizenship. And it is the sense of belonging and of sharing that makes for the great ideal. It may tome through the necessity of finding escape from realities through pleasure, innocent pleasure that costs nothing. A city organized for neighborhood pleasure and neighborhood adventures in discovering the brotherly spirit in common effort will be the real city of ' the futifre. Perhaps in these days of enforced idleness for many, some city can find its soul. The equipment is ready. Schools can be used for recreational and community centers. So can the various community houses. Lack of work should not mean complete idleness of mind. The imperative need of the hour is- group organization for the occupation of idle hours in wholesome forms of amusement and whatever culture may be demanded by each group. In the end, it will be discovered that the words neighbor and friend are about the finest in any language. “As Maine Goes—” If there was any doubt about the public reaction against the Republican administration in this year of depression and prohibition, the Maine election settles that for the moment. ‘As goes Maine, so goes the nation,” is an exploded myth. The normal Republican majority there is so heavy that a Democratic presidential candidate almost never carries that state, although the Democrats occassionally win a national election. But w'hen the Democrats cut heavily into the Re- . publican Maine majority, it usually indicates that they have a good chance to win in other states in November. Every one knows this is such a campaign year. But not even the Democratic managers really dared hope that the tide was so strong against the administration. Doubtless the depression is the chief cause—in times of trouble the people desire a change. But it is more than that. There have been evidences for many months in most parts of the country of personal bitterness against the lack of leadership of Republican office holders, especially against the President. Four years ago he took the credit for the sunshine; now he is given credit for the storm. Prohibition also was a factor in Maine. The Republican candidates were dry, the Democrats w'ere lor repeal. The flood has reached even Maine. There was another cause. The Republicans played dirty politics. In at least one city they disfranchised unemployed voters. An obsolete pauper law was used to disqualify victims of the depression, to prevent them from casting their votes against the party of a chicken in every pot and two cars In every garage. When this trickery was protested to President Hoover as the party leader he Temained silent. There must have been many stanch Republicans in Maine who simply could not swallow' that. Whatever the explanation of their showing in Maine. Democrats of the country already are counting their November chickens. It is a bit early. There Is another old wheeze much truer than ‘‘as Maine goes, so goes the nation.” It is: "Many elections are won in September and lost in November.” There still is time for Hoover to assume leadership and time for Roosevelt and the Democrats to repeat their pussyfooting blunders of other campaigns. By Stealth A further moratorium on war debts will be granted by the United States before the December payment date "if Great Britain keeps quiet on the subject until “after the November elections,” according to London dispatches. Similar reports come from Paris. Though advocates of debt revision, we are unable to rejoice in this administration diplomacy by stealth. It is precisely this kind of double dealing with the American public for the last decade that makes the debt problem so difficult to solve. From the beginning, the politicians have known that the debts never would be paid and that It would be paid for American business and labor if they were but the politicians of both parties told the public _ the opposite. When economic facts forced a cancellation from 25 to 75 cents on the dollar, the politicians denied there was any cancellation—they called it a ‘'funding” arrangement, and went on telling the people that the debts would be paid. When it was clear, two years ago, a second

The Indianapolis Times (A BCRITPS-HOWABn NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Tiroes Publishing Cos.. 214-220 West Marwlar.d Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price In Marion County 2 cents a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mail subscription rates In Indiana. $3 a year; outside of Indiana. 65 cents a month. BOYD UURLET. ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D BAKER Editor President Business Manager PHONE— Rlley 5551 TUESDAY. SEPT. 13. 1933. Member of United Press, Scrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

revision, or a moratorium, was necessary, the politicians continued to deny the facts. President Hoover, instead of handling the matter frankly, let congress adjourn and then declared an unauthorized moratorium of a year. This sharp practice, in turn, created a congressional situation in which it was politically inexpedient to attempt more than a ratification of the President's past action. So the problem was left in the air again. Now, with the Lausanne reparations settlement paving the way for a debt settlement, and with the debtors making no provision for their December payments, the politicians in Washington are resorting to subterfuge again. Since the politicians are determined to let election politics interfere with an honest and intelligent debt settlement, it is fortunate that a public-spirited group is going to force the stealthily discussed subject into the open. Instead of talking sentiment, this group is putting the subject on the dollars and cents basis, where it belongs. Alfred P. Sloan Jr., president of General Motors, who heads the committee of sixty-seven leaders of industry, labor and farmers, says they intend to find out what debt revision or cancellation would mean in terms of jobs for the American unemployed and of foreign markets for depression-ridden American companies. They will find, with Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia university and of the Carnegie endowment for international peace, that: “Every economist of importance and every student of international affairs of authority agrees the present situation as to so-called intergovernmental war debts, in respect to which the United States is the creditor nation, is an impossible one and must be re-examined and revised. “The alternative is between revising these debt settlements, receiving less or even nothing, and restoring prosperity to our people, or carrying forward indefinitely the present situation, with all it involves i in loss, in want, in misery, and in steadily growing unemployment.” They also will find, if they go deep enough, that the debt question is an inseparable part of the larger problem of disarmament and tariffs. It will do no good to reduce European debts merely to permit larger European expenditures for arms; nor to liberate funds for foreign trade when that trade is blocked by high tariff waljs. With the loan committee working from the business angle and Senator Borah campaigning for a joint debt-armament reduction agreement, perhaps both Hoover and Roosevelt can be smoked out before election. Children at Work Recently a New York dress firm advertised for forty temporary sales girls at sl2 a week, when 2,000 stormed the shop the crush was so great that eleven girls were injured. Among the injured were a 13-year-old girl and a 15-year-old girl. Thus again we are reminded of that bitter paradox of our time, children at work, parents idle. According to new census figures, more than 2,000,000 boys and girls, aged 10 to 17, inclusive, were employed gainfully in 1930. Os these, 667,118 were under 16. More than 3,000,000 children, aged 7 to 17, inclusive—nearly one-half of whom were under 16— were not attending school in 1930. Far from reinstating these young toilers into happy homes and bringing school days back to them, the depression only has added to their burdens. Government has passed by on the other side. Only six states of the needed thirty-six have ratified the child labor amendment. Congress’ contribution to child welfare was a slash of 5 per cent from the children's budget. Many states have cut school budgets and refused to pass beneficial laws. And what say the political parties? “We advocate the continuous responsibility of government for human welfare, especially for the protection of children.”—Democratic platform. "The children of our nation, our future citizens, •have had the most solicitous thought of our President. Child welfare and protection has been a major effort of this administration. The organization of the White House conference on child health and protection is regarded as one of the outstanding accomplishments of this administration. Welfare work in all its phases has the support of the President and the aid of the administration. "The work of organized agencies—local, state and federal—has been advanced and increased impetus given by that recognition and help. We approve and pledge a continuation of that policy.”—Republican platform. Only the Socialist party platform pledges itself to “the abolition of child labor.”

Just Every Day Sense By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

CiHARLES CHAPLIN, master erf pathos, never has 4 given a more moving performance than when he appeared in a Los Angeles court room to plead for a normal childhood for his sons, whose mother wishes them to enter the movies. The sympathy of parents, everywhere, will turn instinctively to the father in this case. Adults who use innocent little children to gee easy money always have called forth public indignation Men and women are outraged at the idea of babies working for their elders. Yet the child who actually performs manual labor while he helps his parents get food and shelter is far more fortunate, in many respects, than the one forced into unnatural routines. And there is no more unnatural life in our national scene than that of the moving picture people. The grownups who engage in this occupation have the greatest difficulty in leading normal lives. They must fight continually for privacy, which is the boon of the common man. To succeed, they must live in an almost perpetual spotlight. And we know what too much publicity does for adults. Only the strongest can overcome its handicap. What, then, must be its influence upon impressionable children, whose ideas so easily are colored by their surroundings? m m m ONE may give a son riches and fame and honor, but unless, along with these, one also bestows a happy, carefree childhood, all other gifts are worthless. When we look back through the years and visualize ourselves as we used to be’, we know that no memories are so beautiful and precious as those of our infancy. Happy indeed is the individual who has for treasure recollections of some humble but cosy home, of laughter and of love! The nooks in which a boy plays through long days of babyhood will retain their glamour and charm forever. In spirit he always may return to them. Charles Chaplin, the foundling, knows the terrors of the homeless child. Never has the little comedian been more magnificently great than in his role of father.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES*

M. E. Tracy Says:

The Hoover Administration Is Painting a Horrendous Picture of the Bonus Marchers to Escape Censure by the American Legion. NEW YORK. Sept. 13 —As readers of this column know, I had little sympathy with the bonus marchers. I regarded their expedition to Washington as a futile attempt to put over an impractical demand at an inopportune time. But, and without any change of mind regarding all that. I resent efforts of the Hoover administration to alibi itself on the ground of their alleged wickedness. This is late in the day for Attor-ney-General Mitchell to be talking about “the largest aggregation of criminals” ever gathered in the national capital. Whatever one may think of their performance, the bonus marchers have been driven out of Washington and dispersed. That should close the incident. The public is not interested in fingerprint records which apparently were made for political use. If there was any such a dangerous aggregation of crooks as Mr. Mitchell asserts, why did the government pay their fares home? Are we to understand that the federal authorities did nothing but buy tickets after making the discoveries they now publish? Bunk! ft tt Tries to Placate Legion THE Hoover administration is painting an horrendous picture of the bonus marchers for just one reason. It hopes to escape censuse by the American Legion for the drastic, ruthless manner in which it drove them out of Washington. That is not meeting the real issue. It’s just a cheap maneuver to prevent action that might alienate votes. If the Hoover administration were frank and straightforward, it would forget the bonus marchers and talk about the bonus. It lacks the sand to take another such razring as F. Trubee Davison got. It has MacNider and Pat Hurley all set to spout. If the signs are propitious, they will do their stuff. If not, they will do what they can to offset the blunder by a little logrolling on the side. tt Given Unfair Deal IHAD had quite a bit to say about the bonus off and on. Brick- j bats and bouquets by mail have run j about fifty-fifty. I am not taking j back a thing, but there Is one point on which I wi*h to make myself clear. I look upon the veterans as among our best men. Feeling that way, I believe that they are open to reason and fair dealing at all times. I believe that if they had been approached properly and properly dealt with, all this misunderstanding could have been avoided. The veterans have not been met squarely and openly by the Hoover administration. They are not being met squarely and openly now, there always has been a left-handed, obscure phase to negotiations—too many back-room conferences, too much cleverness, too many flank movements. a tt Mistake on Mistake MANY of these veterans were overseas and up against the German army. All of them were put through a system of training which sharpened their wits. They arc not stupid, or squeamish. They know how to talk and think straight from the shoulder, and they don’t have to be told what is back of a smoke screen. This latest attempt of the Hoover administration to get around an embarrassing situation by lambasting the bonus marchers only disgusts them. It has little to do with the issue which interests them most, and on which a. vast majority of them have been instructed how to act. The strategy is not only obvious, but irritating. It represents’ the same kind of mistake as did that night raid on the B. E. F. The Hdover administration could do worse than study Governor Rodsevelt’s method of handling the Walker case, or Mayor McKee’s method of handling the Communists.

m today m S'/* IS THE- vs / WORLD WAR \ ANNIVERSARV

TAKE 15,000 PRISONERS September 13 ON Sept. 13, 1918, the First American army completely wiped out the St. Mihiel salient, taking more than 15,000 prisoners and extending the battle line past Norroy, Jaulny, St. Benoit and Herbeuville. Their net advance was as much as eighteen miles and their gains extended over a front of thirty-five miles. Territory taken during the two days’ fighting had been in the hands of the Germans since 1914. Wiping out of the salient removed the threat of a German flank attack on Verdun and threatened the German fortress of Metz. French troops on the Aisne renewed their attacks and advanced more than two miles on an elevenmile front. The British steamer Galway Castle was sunk and 189 persons were lost. Is registration required for both inboard and outboard motor boats? Every motor boat must be registered with the collector of customs and receive a number, which must be carried on each side of the bow in a contrasting color, so as to be distinctly visible, and legible, in letters not less than three inches high. The law pertains to motor boats of less than fifteen tons, used either for pleasure or commercial purposes. Only exceptions are public vessels and boats sixteen feet and under when temporarily equipped with detachable motors. A lsoat over sixteen feet, equipped with an outboard motor, must register the same as an inboard motor boat. What is the pay of a private in the national guard? One dollar a day for each drill day, including days of field training.

Substances in Nose Harmful

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. CHILDREN, and particularly infants, are likely to push into their mouths almost anything that they happen to pick up. Sometimes they also try the nose. A substance of fairly small size taken into the mouth is not likely to be harmful, provided that it is clean, even after it is swallowed, because the digestive passages are big enough in most instances to let it pass through in from eighteen to twenty-four hours. However, the breathing passages are much smaller than the digestive tube; moreover, they are curved and more rigid, so that it is much more difficult for any substance pushed into the nose to get through into the throat, or to get out of the breathing passages altogether. Any substances pushed into the nose, such as buttons, beans or erasers, which are some of the things that can be pushed in (he nose, may get lodged there; they

IT SEEMS TO ME

IT is not quite fair to blame it all upon a list books, but Calvin Coolidge's recent confession as to what he read in boyhood will make many more sympathetic toward the man. , Anybody brought up on that same fare well might have done likewise. The poor lad never had a chance. No boy living under ideal conditions or anything approaching them would turn to “The Life of James A. Garfield” or Hillard's "Sixth Reader.” Somebody sold Calvin the unfortunate idea that reading was a thing to be done for profit rather than pleasure. From books one was to gather a somewhat forbidding thing called "character.” By studiously applying yourself to some stodgy treatise of a righteous life, impressionable youth was to be molded into a similar pattern. n tt a Stern, Rock-Ribbed Land NEITHER the climate of his native state nor his Puritan heritage gave Calvin Coolidge much of a break, and when repression was piled upon repression through priggish books, Calvin was doomed practically from the start. Some have held it to be surprising that he became President. To me it seems inevitable. With his background, he was not fitted for anything else. Many have maintained that life in the White House seldom is happy. Obviously there are drawbacks in being the nation’s chief executive. But there are consolations*'for all that. We happen to be a kindy people. Standards which are applied to other men we never press against a President. We expect very little, and we ceitainly get it. In the world of affairs the Hardings, the Hoovers and the Coolidges

Millions of Them Literally millions of “snapshots” will be taken b- the family cameras at the beach, on the auto trip and wherever Americans go to seek recreation and health this summer. Snapshots of the baby—snapshots of cousin Mary—snapshots of the girl—and snapshots of the boy. It’s lots more fun taking pictures if you know something about photography, and still more fun if you develop and print your own. Our Washington bureau has ready for you one of its bulletins on AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY, that contains elementary instructions for beginners, and covers developing, fixing, washing, printing, toning and general instructions on the photographic art. You will find it interesting and instructive. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 193, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue. Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs. Name Street and No City State I sun a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

Burning It at Both Ends!

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

may pass the nostrils and fall into the throat, or they may fall from the throat into the tubes that lead to the lungs. Sometimes children who are < hewing a foreign substance suddenly inhale and in that way get them into the lungs. Whenever anything gets lodged in the nose, there follows immediately swelling and redness: and just as soon as the germs get to work, an offensive purulent discharge. The substance discharged causes redness of the upper lip, wtih sometimes inflammation and infection. The discharge that comes from a nose that has been stopped up by a foreign body is much more offensive and irritating than the usual discharge from a cold. Os course, there is just one thing to do in such cases and that is to get the foreign body out. A physician usually can do this conveniently, if the substance is soft like a bean, by grasping it with a forceps. However, in the case of such hard objects as buttons or pieces of chalk,

would seem extremely trivial. In any profession, or even in large business, such men would not be taken seriously. But once political preferment has come to them, a kindly veil is drawn. Consider, for instance, the vast national conspiracy which went on to make Mr. Coolidge seem a little more weighty than he really was. The whole legend of Calvin’s wit and native shrewdness was a piece cf consummate charity. It is our practice to put all Presidents upon some such dole of good will. We pretend to believe that underneath it all there must be more than meets the eye. tt tt tt Should Have Stayed Silent IN one sense Calvin Coolidge did a dreadful thing in stepping out of office. He shattered the myth almost immediately. His silence was supposed to conceal a natural gift for quaint and telling expression. Unofficial report described him as a sort of cross between Ralph Waldo Emerson and Josh Billings. But once back in that fierce glare which beats upon all men in private life, Calvn Coolidge proceeded to show up himself and the kindly associates who had lied like gentlemen to save the national honor. I think that few will deny the assertion that Mr. Cooldige's contributions to current journalism marked practically anew low in a noble profession. Until he began to write to the magazines, it was all but impossible to conceive of any American doing more to cast a living language into wooden moulds. But I hold that it is a good thing that taste should set some limitation ttpon such criticism as is written of our men in public life. And if not taste, then a certain humility upon the part of the fault finders.

the manipulation in the nose may be harmful. Under such circumstances, it frequently is necessary to put the child to sleep with an anesthetic. In some cases, the use of a little local anesthetic to the membranes of the nose will permit the withdrawal of the foreign body. Under such circumstances it usually is well to wrap the child's body tightly in a sheet to prevent tossing and throwing of the arms. Any foreign substance inhaled into the tubes that lead to the lungs or into the lungs themselves constitutes an immediate menace to life. Under such circumstances, there must be no delay. Therefore, an X-ray picture as soon as possible will aid the physician in finding and removing such a substance. Special instruments have been developed which permit the placing of a tube down into the lung and, associated with this, there are special lights, forceps and other devices for grasping, cutting up and removing these objects.

RV lIEYWOOD BROUN

Before any one shudders at the career of Mr. Coolidge and passes by on the other side of the street, let him first mutter to himself, “There but for the grace of God’’— And the same rule should be applied to Herbert Hoover. Many have written of the gentleman in the White House and used phrases and terms which never should be applied to the President of the United States. In the first place, fair play always has demanded that the hand of the aggressor should be stayed when it is lifted against a man who is down. It is not wanton and accidental that most of our Presidents happen to be what they are. Politics is a mill which grinds slowly and exceeding coarse. A man who is cut to meet the harsh requirements of passing muster in a national convention starts from far behind scratch in the first place. tt tt tt Picking Vote-Getter T>OSSES in little *rooms and delegates in crowded halls hardly are assembled to seek virtues and rare attainments. They want somebody who can carry Ohio. It is not a task for the fine or finicky. Yet to keep this kindly appraisal fair and just, I must admit that I have known few men who were ruined by their contact with practical politics. They were of a temper to fall, even before somebody put them in jeopardy with a nominating speech. * It is not a task for the fine or the finicky. The life of Calvin Coolidge might have been a better and a sweeter thing if some passer-by years ago had snatched "The Life of Garfield” from his hands and put in its place something by Old Sleuth. * (Copyright. 1932. by The Time*!

People’s Voice

Editor Times—Much has been said about party platforms, and I should like to offer, at this time, my opinion regarding the G. O. P. party platform in the presidential election of 1928. To my way of thinking, a party platform is very similar to the platform of a passenger train. It is made to get in on and not to stand on. * I have before me a pamphlet distributed by the national contributors’ committee in the 1928 election campaign for Herbert Hoover. It says: “Hoover will be the next President!” Quoting further, it says: “If the nation is to progress and prosper, it must proceed to operate on the sound basis set forth by Herbert Hoover in his acceptance speech. Some of these bases are: “Encouragement of industry; protection cf American labor and products by a protective tariff; ... effective protection of agriculture, and continuance of a generous policy toward, war veterans.” What a joke to play upon the unsuspecting citizen and voter! Four years have passed and what has become of the promises made us by the “engineer ”? When has todustry

Ideal* and opinion* expressed in this column are those ol one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

-SEPT. 13, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ

Universe Not More Than Ten Billion Years Old. Theory of Sir Arthur Eddington. CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Sept. 13. The universe, until recently pictured as an old man with long white whiskers, really is no more than a small boy in short trousers. You have the word of Sir Arthur Eddington of Great Britain, one of the world's greatest astronomers, that the universe is 1.500 times as young as scientists have previously supposed. Ihe generally accepted age for the universe until recently has been fifteen trillion years. This estimate was based on theories concerning the rate at which stars evolve. Now Sir Arthur says the universe is not ten billion years old. He bases his opinion upon studies of the expansion of space. Sir Arthur is one of a group of distinguished astronomers here to attend the meeting of the International Astronomical Union. He is one of the worlds chips authorities upon Einstein theory of relativity and upon cosmology, as the study of the origin and structure of the universe is called. In an exclusive interview Sir Arthur explained why he had come to regard the universe as so much younger than was previously supposed. At the same time, he revealed that while Einstein was now inclined to believe that space may not be curved and the universe not expanding, he is certain that space is curved and that the universe is expanding. a ts n Studies the Atom MOST remarkable of all is the fact that Eddington arrived aft this conclusion not from a study of the heavens, but from a study of the invisible atom. "Einstein first concluded space may be curved and the universe expanding from considerations of relativity,” Sir Arthur told me. "He is quite right in now saying that the theory of relativity does not offer conclusive evidence on this point. “I arrived at my conclusions from a study of the atom. I undertook to develop the mathematical equations which would represent the proton and electron, the fundamental units of matter in wave mechanics.” Wave mechanics, as many readers know, is the name given to the theory which seeks to explain the atom as consisting of pulsating waves r>i electricity. "In so doing.” Sir Arthur continued, "I found my equations for the proton and electron indicated they existed in curved space. “Furthermore, I found they contained the same co-efficient of expansion that had previously been worked out for the universe at large. “This co-efficient is equal to the mass of the electron multiplied by the square of the velocity of light and divided by the square of the electric charge of the electron. "The fact that this co-efficient occurred in the equation for the atom as well as for the universe has convinced me of its reality.” a a a Expansion Rate Estimated STARTING with this co-efficient, Eddington has calculated the radius of the universe and the rate at which it is expanding. “The radius of curvature of the universe is about one hundred million light years,” Sir Arthur told me. “That means that if you traveled in one direction for about six hundred million light years you would get back to your starting point.” A light year is equal to six trillion miles. "The universe is expanding at such a rate it will double its size in thirteen hundred million years.” he continued. “By that time, all the spiral nebulae now within view of our giant telescopes will have disappeared from view. "I do not believe, however, our own galaxy will break up. I believe that gravity will hold the milky way together.” Otttt Speed Grows Greater AT the present time, Eddington believes that the universe is expanding at full speed. But he does not believe that its speed was always that. He believes that it started slowlv and gradually worked up to its fuil speed. But even assuming that the expansion was once slower than it i c , he feels certain that the present state of the universe indicates that it can not be more than ten billion years old. One consequence of Eddington's view is that theories concerning the evolution of stars must be revised. If stars reached their present condition in ten million years instead of fifteen trillion years, it means that stellar evolution is a much faster process than formerly was imagined.

Daily Thoughts

But they shall sit every man under his vine and under his fig tree.—Miah 4:4. Home is the grandest of all institutions.—Spurgeon. suffered so much as it has in the last three years? As for protection of American labor by a protective tariff, I can’t think of anything that can compare with this forgotten promise. If that means that people have been promised that they no longer will get to work for a living, then the promise was well taken care of. How about the effective protection of agriculture? We readily can see who has been protected from the lowa farmer strikes. Those farmers are not to be blamed one iota for the ways and means they have used to express themselves in contempt of their forgotten promise. .If calling out the United States army to drive out of Washington the bonus army and their families is considered a generous policy, then generosity has become very cruel and inhumane. Judging from the promises made by the G. O. P. candidate in 1928. I hardly feel that I shall support him in his coming campaign. I feel that he has miserably let the people down, and that he should not be given the second chance to do so. In view of these facts, the voters should think twice before voting in November. GEORGE S. LUPEAR. 235 Hanson avenue.