Indianapolis Times, Volume 44, Number 98, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 September 1932 — Page 6

PAGE 6

*C*lppj • M OW AM I>

No More Pretense No longer is there any pretense on the part of officials of building and loan companies that the new Home Loan Bank will help any borrower who has lost his job and can not pay his usual installments. Down at French Lick where officers of all the loan companies are banqueting Senator Watson as a great benefactor to their companies, one of the leaders openly declares “if a fellow is out of a job and thinks that he can be carried without paying, he is mistaken.’’ In other words all the citizens who are in any clanger of losing their homes because of unemployment, about whom Senator Watson drew so pathetic a picture, will be in exactly the spot they were before. The measure will be of benefit to the associations in keeping their finances in more liquid form and permitting them to take care of withdrawals. But it Is now admitted that it can do nothing for the man who has lost his job or whose wages have been cut to the point where he can not pay. That is the real problem—some way to get men back to W’ork at wages that will permit them to buy homes. There can be no solution of the building or any other problem until the purchasing power of the twelve millions of jobless men and women is restored to high levels. That can only be done by a distribution of wages and wealth on a level that permits the wide use of luxuries. Trying to trim this country down to the production of absolute necessities will only produce another China.

The New Park An estimated attendance of 25,000 at the opening of Coleman park on the west side is indicative of the demand of the people for innocent recreation. The park is not the biggest nor the finest of the city parks. But it is a playground. In it the young Mill find a spot for pleasure. There the older will find release from the ordinary cares of life and its Worries. It Is time that the leadership in this city recognizes that the need for recreation is as basic as the need for food. In times of wide unemployment, the need is emphasized. When jobs are plentiful, amusement can be purchased. It is less necessary w'hen people are busy. But the man and woman out of work and with nothing to occupy their minds but worry are sunk. To forget them is not even wise. Thinking on their part might produce many unpleasant results. The new park only emphasizes the interest in such projects. What is needed now is a play boy as a leader, someone who knows how to organize people lor fun, to show them how to get their minds away from themselves. The man or woman who can invent some new forms of innocent amusement w'hich can be had Without cost will deserve a monument quite as high as that of a soldier who wins a war. Perhaps it should be a trifle higher.

Dangerous Drift Tho German worm is turning. Within two days, Germany has requested military equality and has announced a policy of higher tariffs. No longer will Germany take the kicks qf the rest of the world patiently. Justice here is on the side of Germany. Whatever one may think of the present German government—and we happen to believe that no good can come ft om the militarists and reactionaries—thero is no justification in law or morals for denying international equality to any great nation. That part of the peace treaty which disarmed Germany without disarming other nations was based on a lie. The “sole war guilt” myth has been disproved by world historians and by the official records of the period leading up to the World war. Even the victors in the madness of Versailles said they were disarming Germany only to make possible later disarmament of themselves. That was a pledge. It has not been kept. Disarmament conference after conference ends in failure because the other European powers refuse to reduce effectively. Germany is tired of the farce. So are many Americans. The least the European powers can do is to begin cutting their expensive and dangerous war preparations. Otherwise, Germany in the end will force them to allow her to re-enter the disastrous race. Os more importance, this failure to deal justly with Germany is throwing the peaceful German people into the arms of their militarists. Rise of the Junkers and of the Hitler Fascists is directly due to the short-sighted military and economic policies of the former allies and the unbearable conditions created in Germany by those policies. To the unjust economic conditions imposed upon tawmany by the European powers was added a high tariff barrier against German trade by the United States. This American tariff forced other European nations, in self-defense, to raise retaliatory tariffs, which in turn hit Germany. So the trade-tariff war, started by the United States, causes havoc everywhere, but especially to Germany, which, in her weakened state, is least able to stand further shocks. Naturally, Germany strikes back. On Sept. 6 drastic increases in import duties will be applied to foreign goods, the rise in the rate on some American products being 1,000 per cent. That means more American factories closed, more Americans in the bread lines. But, of course, it does not mean prosperity for Germany. In such a trade war, there can be no Victor—all suffer. This is on,e more sign, added to the many which have gone before, that world depression and chaos will continue until the American and European governments have sense enough to reach a settlement on the joint problem of tariffs-debts-disarmament. Science for What? Next spring Chicago wiK celebrate a “Century of Science.” A captured ray of light that started on its way earthward from the star Arcturas forty years ago will be multiplied a millionfold and used to light the exposition. Millions will stand amazed at what Americans in 100 short years have wrought in conquering time and space. Others will wonder that with all their cleverness they have done so little to make their nation a happier, more secure, and more beautiful place to live. The man with the hoe has become the fifty-horse power farmer; yet the net income of the average American farmer in 1930, including hia wage and

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HO WARD NEWSPAPER) ° W n n ,'V , JM*l.. pobl . , ? h ' d . Sunday) by The Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos.. 214 220 t Maryland Htreet, Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County 2 centa a copy; elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. Mall aubscrip•*on rates in Indiana. >3 a year; outside of Indiana. 65 centa a month. HOYD (lIJKLET, ROY W. HOWARD. EARL D. BAKER _______ RdUor President Business Manager rHON R—R I yj' r ’st FRIDAY, SEPT, 2, IM3 Member of I nited Press, Scrlppa-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information SerTiee and Audit Bureau of Circulations “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way?

Interest on capital, was $597, and probably this year it is S2OO less than that. Industrial productivity has trebled in the last twenty years and barns and warehouses are almost bursting with surplus goods; yet this winter the hand of charity must feed 25,000,000 people, or one-fifth of our population. Between 1923 and 1929, the value of American manufactured goods rose $10,000,000,000; yet in those six years the total wages in manufacturing industries rose only $600,000,000, and in four of these years the wage actually was lower than in 1923. Inventions, designed to lift burdens from men's backs, have wiped out whole crafts like the cigar makers, glass blowers, switchmen, and others, and thrown them on to the streets and into the breadlines. Between 1919 and 1929, inventions added 13,500,000horse power to manufacturing plants; and they added millions of wage earners to the breadlines. Since 1921, a coal miner’s dally per capita output of coal has been increased by inventions from 4.2 to 5.06 tons, an increase of 20 per cent; yet in the coal fields hunger and desperation have become a national menace. We have seized dominion over the air, the sea, and the land; yet our airplanes, “subs’’ and tanks are being built chiefly for killing and war making. Is there security in the knowledge that poison gas and Big Berthas supplant swords and flintlocks? The radio in place of the pony express brings the world into our parlors, only to have it tuned in on a crooner’s w r ail, or a claptrap political speech. “Improved means to an unimproved end,” as Thoreau would remark. The new psychology of Freud, Jung, and Adler teaches that what happens to children determines men; yet 300,000 boys are wandering Ishmaels without home or job, 2,000,000 children toil for wages, millions more are being stunted by insufficient food, play space, or home care. More than 1,000,000 highly trained experts are fighting disease and adding years to men’s lives; yet society sends its aged poor to poorhouses, fails to provide decent homes for 9,000,000 families, allows 100 babies out of every 1,000 born in some communities to die before they reach a year of age. The trouble, of course, is in our failure to grasp and apply the great neglected science of economics. We have spent practically all our energies in production, hardly any in distribution. The next Century of Science must be devoted to this. “Said the Governor of N. C. ” “It's a long time between drinks,” said the Governor of North Carolina to the Governor of South Carolina. Or was it the other way around? Anyway, it’s not going to be so long now. The two Carolinas have been prohibition’s prize twins ever since Volstead. But something happened. In the North Carolina Democratic primary runoff, Senator Cameron Morrison, otherwise popular, was defeated badly by Robert Reynolds. Morrison was a dry, Reynolds a wet. This week, in the South Carolina primaries, the same thing happened. Senator E D. Smith ran far ahead of Ex-Senator Cole L. Blease. Smith stood firmly on the wet Democratic platform, urged repeal and immediate modification. Blease, a political dry, called for a referendum of the white vote of the Palmetto state. It looks like the Governors can start replanting the old mint beds pretty soon.

At last the Japanese have fully explained what the fighting in Manchuria was all about. The Japs wanted to take Manchuria from the Russians and give it to China. A minister advised his congregation to “so live that all laws will be superfluous.” We thought that’s what A1 Capone tried. A miracle, says the scientist, is something that goes contrary to the facts as we know them. Something like a politician’s home-made statistics, we suppose. All in all, it’s been a bad summer for Hitler and all the other fellows who offered to start at the top and work down. One of the reasons for all this automobile safety agitation is that you never can tell how a cow or a woman is going to act on the road. Russia should feel hurt because we don't recognize her. When we think back to 1929, it's about all we can do to recognize our own country. Australians may be justly proud of the Australian crawl, but you certainly can’t say they didn't stand right up to England at Ottawa.

Just Every Day Sense

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

WHAT news stories are crowded into the back pages of the daily papers! These insignificantly placed items often are alive with human interest. inspiration and drama. The one I found today comes from unromantic Mulvane, Kan. A country doctor, now 76 years old, issued a blanket invitation to 4.500 “babies” he had helped into the world to attend a reception at his heme. More than 1.000 responded, coming to do honor to their benefactor. All sorts and conditions of people were present, fuom elderly grandsires to three-weeks-old twins, the last of this man's professional family. The American country doctor is more than an individual. He is an institution. To the small towns and rural communities that knew, and Still know, him he always will be the finest and most unselfish of beings. Beside him, the city specialist is & colorless figure. The former always was more than a doctor to his patients. He was a friend. Men and women w’ere not “cases” to him. They were suffering fellow beings. whom he longed to help. , What he may have lacked in knowledge he made up in kindness and hard work. He was concerned over the mental and spiritual, as well as the physical, well-being of his patients. matt HIS worldly goods have been meager, and his fame limited, but surely his rewards are better than .silver or gold. He had the gratitude and love of thousands of individuals. Women in the pangs of childbirth prayed for his coming. Anguished parents listened for his footsteps. Birth and death were his familiars, and. like Jesus, he spent his life in ministering to the needy, the suffering and the sorrowful. Though his house is humbled and his bank account small, his sould must be at peace. And when the country doctor knocks at last at heaven's gate. St. Peter. I feel sure, never will question him. but. flinging wide the portals, will bid hijft welcome there*

. THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy Says:

If We Were Germans, We Would Feel Just as the Germans Do; We Would Demand Liberation From Outside Debt and Equal Defense Rights. NEW YORK, Sept. 2.—Germany’s demand for equal rights comes as a logical climax to the hopeless, impossible situation created at Versailles thirteen years ago. Only politicians, pandering to a distraught world, would have entertained the idea that a great nation could be made permanently weak by treaty. That idea was as stupid as was the illusion that Germany would and could foot the war bill. As Russians would say, the Versailles treaty is one of those obstacles to human progress which must be liquidated. Much of it already has been liquidated. Little is left of its reparations provision, and that little promises to disappear ere long. Its military provisions were compounded with the same childish disregard for common sense and are doomed to the same fate.

tt tt n Allies Break Faith AS explained at the time, Germany was disarmed for four reasons. First, to punish her; second, as a v/arning to militaristic governments; third, to make her safe, and fourth, to set the stage for general disarmament. People were led to believe that if Germany got along all right with a small army and an inconsequential navy, other countries would adopt the policy. That was hypocrisy, as the last thirteen years have demonstrated. Europe has more men under arms, or in reserve, than it did when the war broke out. The allies have not lived up to their pretensions. If they had disarmed, as their leaders implied they would, Germany would have little cause for complaint. Instead, they have kept their armies and navies, which leaves her in an unsafe and unfair position. u n Should Have Equal Rights SAFETY and fairness are the keynotes of international goodwill. We can not expect genuine cooperation as long as we make fish out of one country and fowl out of another. Equality of rights has the same bearing on internationalism as it has on citizenship. Germany was prepared to take some punishment as the consequence of defeat, but hardly to the extent of being made helpless for three or four generations. People are not built that way, regardless of which bank of the Rhine they occupy. If we were Germans, we would feel exactly as the Germans do, especially those of us born too late for the war and who had nothing to do with it. We would demand liberation from outside debt and equal rights for national defense.

France Will Give Way THE French profess to be' angry at this latest move by Germany, but they are not. They are too intelligent for that sort of bunk, except as it may serve to postpone the evil day. v They realize perfectly well that the time will come when, for their own interests, they must concede Germany's right to mair lain an army and a navy equal to theirs. They understand that this can be accomplished by reducing their establishment, or permitting Germany to increase hers. They will spar for time as long as it seems wise and then give way. There is not a European statesman who believes the Versailles treaty can be enforced much longer in accordance with its original provisions. It does not fit the new order. It Is out of tune with the Kellogg pact. League of Nations, and other phases of the peace movement. Indeed, the peace movement has little chance of success as long as this monstrosity of modem statecraft remains in the way. Tile sooner it is sent to the scrap heap, the better things will be for all concerned. But we still lack power to be entirely frank or honest in such matters. We must wiggle and twist about so long, to save our faces and our pride.

Questions and Answers

Why can a bird stand on a charged trolley wire without being electrocuted? Because it is touching only one wire and there is no electric circuit through its body. ♦ When was James S. Sherman, Vice-President of the United States? From 1909 to 1911, during the Taft administration. W 7 hat do the letters F. A. P. along a road stand for? Federal Aid Provided.

Making Both Ends Meet Are you having trouble making the “reduced income” meet the needs of your family? Have you tried cutting the “food” item in the family budget? You can do this and still have appetizing, well balanced and nutritious meals. Use the suggestions in the new bulletin just issued by our Washington bureau, on “Feeding the Family at Low Cost,” compiled from studies made by federal and state agencies. It contains general information on food values as well as suggested menus and recipes for every day of the week. If you want this bulletin, fill out the coupon below and mail as directed. CLIP COUPON HERE Dept. 187, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue, Washington, D. C. / I want a copy of the bulletin in FEEDING THE FAMILY AT LOW COST, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover return postage and handling costs: Name Street and No * City State I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

( A\ [ i n • \ ■ l 'ir —”

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Electric Shock Effects Are Peculiar

This is the second of two articles by Dr. Fishbein on electrical accidents. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. IN association with electrical injuries, all sorts of peculiar effects are produced, because the action of electricity is itself frequently variable. Some parts of the body offer much more resistance to the passage of current than do others. For instance, the liver offers nine times as much resistance as the mucous membranes, the brain twenty times as much and bone 9,000 times as much. The best conductor in the human body is the blood and frequently currents pass through the body by way of the large blood vessels. Much depends also on the point of contact. A current passing from one foot to another may be without ill effect, while a similar current passing through the brain might cause death.

IT SEEMS TO ME by h ™ d

npHERE may be a disposition in A some quarters to criticise Governor Roosevelt for having devoted an entire campaign speech to the issue of prohibition. From the left and from the right will come the objection that this is no time to talk of beer when bread is far more vital. I This objection- would carry more weight if it always were made in complete sincerity. Some men have the right to say just that, but no politician should be allowed to speak of “bread, not beer,” if his program does not entail the achievement of either. The American voter is, for the most part, a man with a one-issue mind. Out of the vast welter of words in party platforms only a phrase or so from each endures. Elections have been won or lost on the issue of “sound money,” “imperialism” and “he kept us out of war.” Seldom has the entire program of a party attracted public attention. I mean even in the case of parties which have had a program. * an Should Not Be Paramount 1 GREATLY fear that the election of 1932 is going to go down in the history books as the big wet and dry fight. It is, I think, rediculous that prohibition should intrude itself in such way as to blanket issues far more vital. Please don’t blame me. All I can say is, “Teacher, I didn't do-it.” Even the honorable gentlemen who, as the phrase goes, make the issues, are not personally responsible to any great extent for the prominence of the prohibition issue. It is the public and platform makers who decide just what they are going to get excited about. Even in the middle of an acute depression, very many millions are talking of alcoholic content. People talk about not throwing away your vote. I'm afraid that the voters in the United States in

And Was It Thirsty!

Some people are unduly sensitive to electricity, while others sustain fairly large shocks without much trouble. Apparently this is not a matter of body build, but of constitution. People with habitually greasy skins are more susceptible than others; also elderly people and those who are alcoholic and those who have exophthalmic goiter. In exophthalmic goiter, it has been established that there is a diminished skin resistance to electrical currents. People who apparently are dead from electrical shock may be resuscitated by use of prolonged artificial respiration. This may be done by the manual method. It is also of service to give inhalations of carbon dioxide, w'hich stimulate breathing. It is useless to pummel, slap, punch, or otherwise attempt to stimulate the person unconscious from electrical shock. The director of the first aid serv-

the year 1932 are going to do a little worse than that. There is every indication that many of them are quite prepared to throw away an election. And I think this reckless decision is almost entirely of their own making. Here is an opportunity for the American public to voice its confidence in an economic system. There is a fine chance to say, “I don’t like either major party.” It has been *said that in this country we do not vote so much for a candidate as against one. Accordingly, the situation offers a veritable bargain day. One may, if he chooses, vote against two men. tt an A Tinfoil Lining I HAVE known clouds which had no silver lining, but I will admit that perhaps a few shreds of tinfoil are to be found along the fog in which fundamentals threaten to be lost. Prohibition ’:as been for so long a political herring that settling the issue once and for all may speed consideration of more serious things. In particular, . m n liberalism may profit if this particular dried fish is flung out of the way once and for all. As uungs sre now a man like Senator Costigan of Colorado might stand shoulder to shoulder with Senator La Follette except that the former is dry and latter wringing wet. The distinct usefulness of Senator Borah upon certain occasions and issues has be-' impaired by the fact that he generally can be drawn off other public problems the instant anybody starts to sing the stein song. Senator Norris has by now-almost recanted, but I think it is a little late in his career. No party of protest ever can hope to win power America until it has popularized some formula by which the industrial workers of the cities and the farmers can get together. And there have been years in which the agricultural voters wasted so much time and enerey to keep beer out of the hands of the city workers that these same embattled farmers had no energy left with which to fight for issues far more important in their own lives. tt a a Might Win Diction’ Medal 1 NEVER hear the Governor of New York state without admiring his radio technique. It is a good voice and he can make his speeches sound better than they read. It seems to me that he handled the prohibition part of the Democratic platform extremely well. His charges against the tactics of Hoover and Curtis were severe, but wholly justified. The one criticism which I had was that the address was a little too long. A case as good as the one which Governor Roosevelt presented on this issue does not need to be labored. And one other minor reservation I would make. It is a relief to hear again a candidate who has read some books. I like the literary flavor of the Rooseveltian oratory. The “Alice in Wonderland” analogies of the Columbus address seemed to me felicitous. I’m not

ice for one of the largest Canadian I electrical corporations has given the following suggestions to be used as ! a routine: Release victim, avoiding sustaining a shock oneself. Any dry nonconductor may be used to move victim or the live conductor. If both the victim’s hands are grasping the live conductor, free them one at a time. If necessary, shut off the current. Nearest switch should be opened. If it is necessary to cut a live wire, use a wooden-handled axe, turning away the face to avoid the flash. . . Put finger in victim’s mouth to remove teeth, gum, or tobacco. Lay patient on abdomen, one arm extended upwards, the other elbowflexed. Rest the face on the hand so that the mouth and nose are free. Carry out artificial respiration. When patient revives, keep him lying dow r n. Keep him w'arm. Watch the respiration carefully, in case it fails again.

Ideal* and opinion* expressed in this column are those ol one x>f America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

quite so sure about the excursion into mythology which the Governor offered to the followers of Frank Hague. I question its political expediency. The promise of beer was received with due enthusiasm, and this is a drink into which one does not drop an olive or add a bit of lerilon peel. In fact, I think that Franklin D. was just a shade too fancy. (CoDvrieht. 1932. bv The Times)

People’s Voice

Editor Times—l am a reader of your paper, an ex-soldier and just a working man trying to get along, but I am opposed utterly to the rotten, dirty politics you are using in upbraiding President Hoover for his action in oalling out the troops to clean up Washington of a lot of dirty, lazy, good-for-nothing Communists. You are being criticised more severely than you realize for fanning the flames of unrest in the country today. The American Legion and sane thinking people throughout the United States praise the President for his action at Washington. The only opinion I hold is that the action should have been taken sooner and that Colonel Waters of the B. E. F. thrown in the jug for treason. Where do these monkeys get the idea that the United States owes them anything? We were promised this bonus in twenty years. That is good enough for me and it is good enough for any real soldier. It is about time that the people receive a little encouragement from our newspapers. Sometimes I believe that the Scripps-Howard newspapers are the official organ for the Communist party. A change of politics now would be terribly disastrous. Let’s take a definite stand for the country’s welfare. Say something that will lend encouragement to the people. TIMES READER. Editor Times—We, as a church and a community, certainly appreciate the interest you are taking in the establishment of our church radio by the Thirty-First Street Baptist church. We are glad there is one daily paper that is for something worth while in the way of radio programs, and I am sure if we get our radio, our good pastor, Morris Coers, will see we have no jazz on the air. Wishing you the best success ever. MRS. W. S. ELLIS. Editor Times—You see so much in the papers in regard to help for the unemployed. The Indiana railroad gave the Center township crossties for wood for the unemployed people. The trustee sells the wood and gets the money. The unemployed cut the wood and get wood the best way they can. The uemployed do not get half the help that is published in the paper. Center township does not list the prices it pays for food for the unemployed any more. TAXPAYER. W

.SEPT. 2, 1932

SCIENCE BY DAVID DIETZ—

Close Co-Operation Marks the Work of Carnegie Institution's Ten Divisions. THE Carnegie institution of Washington maintained ten departments or divisions devoted to important phases of science. Close co-operation among all ten enables them to investigate many fundamental problems which cut across more than one*fleld of science. Aim and scope of the several departments was described recently by Dr. Frederick W Scares, assistant director of Mt. Wilson observatory', one of the divisions of the Carnegie institution. (Dr. Seares’ remarks upon the organization of the institution were printed in this space Thursday). Dr. Seares points out that a natural grouping of department* puts the geophysical laboratory, the departments of terrestial magnetism and meridian astrometry, and the Mt. Wilson observatory together. The geophysical laboratory is interested in studying the physical and chemical composition of rocks and the processes by which they are formed, thus furnishing the science of geology with exact numerical data. The department of terrestial magnetism is concerned with a study of the earth's magnetic and electrical conditions. Vessels of the department have traveled more than 400.000 miles to make records of magnetic conditions and atmospheric electricity on the high seas.

Among the Stars “W JHEN we leave the earth for VV the stars,” Dr. Seares continues, "the first question is: Where are the stars and how do they move? The department of meridian astronomy helps the answer by providing Boss’ Catalog of the positions and proper motions of bright stars, an indispensable handbook of the astronomer. “Precise observations of thousands of fainter stars, made by the department from both hemispheres and combined with earlier measures of positions, will also supply a rich store of data on stellar motions. “The worth of such information shines forth when we recall that the first great advance since the time of ; Sir William Herschel in knowledge i of the stars as a system was based on proper motions. | “In 1904 Kapteyn found certain regularities in the motions of stars, and from that moment the stellar system ceased to be a collection of individuals and became an organic whole. ‘ Kapteyn’s investigation of stellar motions was coincident with the foundation of the Mt. Wilson observatory and together these events began anew epoch in astronomy. “The observatory, at first an expeditionary undertaking for studying the sun under the favorable mountain conditions of this southwestern country, soon became a permanent establishment, through efforts of Hale, its first director, and generous support of the Carnegie Institution. “From his youth deeply impressed with the broader significance of evolution, Hale saw both the need and the opportunity for work on the development features of stars. “What began as a specialized study of the sun, the nearest and most accessible of stars, thus naturally widened into investigations of the comparative history of stars as a class.”

Three Major Problems UNDER Dr. Hale’s direction, the Mt. Wilson observatory soon became world-famous. Powerful telescopes, including the world's largest one, the 100-inch reflector, were installed. An important development was construction of a physical laboratory in Pasadena to work In con-, junction with the astronomical instruments on Mt. Wilson. This laboratory, Dr. Seares tells, “turned astronomy more or less into an experimental science and increased immensely the effectiveness of the methods of research.” “Meanwhile,” Dr. Seares continues, “Kapteyn’s results on stellar motions had shown the importance of thinking of the stars as a vast structural organization. “Until recently, the work of the observatory has centered around these two problems: The stars as physical units having size, mass, density, temperature and constitution, subject to a development process involving genesis and decay; and, second, the stars as an organic system, having structure and regularity of motion and a cosmological history of its own. “Today, however, a third fundamental problem engages our attention—the extra-galactic nebular, gigantic systems far outside our own stellar system, some of which must resemble our own system. “The press has been so full of the. now famous red-shift of the spectral lines of these nebulae I need scarcely add that our views of the universe certainly will be much influenced by what we learn about these remote objects.”

M TODAY ST* IS THE- Sfif ' WORLD WAR\ ANNIVERSARV

GERMANS IN RETREAT Sept. 2.

ON Sept. 2, 1918. British and Canadian troops carried the Queant-Drocourt “switch” line in a sudden assault, taking several villages in their advance of four miles On a seven-mile front. German forces continued to retreat toward the Hindenburg line, which already had been reached in a few scattered sections. Their retreat from the Lys salient was accomplished under severe artillery fire from British guns. American forces north of Soissons encountered sharp resistance, but succeeded in taking Temy-Sorny and in reaching the Soissons-St. Quentin highway. The United States steamer Onega was sunk by a submarine. Twentysix members of the crew were lost.

Daily Thoughts

Hatred stirreth up strifes; but lore covereth all sins.—Proverbs 10:12. Hate is like ftre; it makes even light rubbish deadly.—Georg* Eliot.